the universe in the infrared how do astronomers use spitzer and what do they do with the data?...
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Pilachowski / August 2005 The Universe in the Infrared Slide 3 Getting Time on Spitzer Instrument Team GTO programs –IRAC, IRS, MIPS Legacy programs –GLIMPSE, GOODS, C2D, SINGS, SWIRE, FEPS General Observer programsTRANSCRIPT
The Universe in the Infrared
How do astronomers use Spitzer and what do they do with the
data?
Funded by NASA’s Spitzer Science Center
Images courtesy NASA/JPL - Caltech
Pilachowski / August 2005
The Universe in the Infrared
Slide 2
OutlineGetting Observing Time on SpitzerWaiting for Observations Getting dataAnalysisSpitzer ArchiveSpitzer Program for Teachers
Pilachowski / August 2005
The Universe in the Infrared
Slide 3
Getting Time on Spitzer• Instrument Team GTO programs
– IRAC, IRS, MIPS• Legacy programs
– GLIMPSE, GOODS, C2D, SINGS, SWIRE, FEPS• General Observer programs
Pilachowski / August 2005
The Universe in the Infrared
Slide 4
Cores to Disks
Imaging surveys of nearby molecular clouds, with follow-up spectroscopy of young and embedded stellar sources to study the evolution of molecular cores into protostars and disks, the incidence and early evolution of sub-stellar objects, and the spatial structure of groups and clusters.
"From Molecular Cores to Planet-Forming Disks"
Pilachowski / August 2005
The Universe in the Infrared
Slide 5
FEPS
A survey of hundreds of young stars with accretion disks, ranging in age from a few million years to a few billion years, to trace the evolution of planetary systems from stellar accretion through the coalescence of solids and accretion of remnant molecular gas, and on through the planetary debris disk phase.
“The Formation and Evolution of Planetary Systems: Placing Our Solar System in Context”
Pilachowski / August 2005
The Universe in the Infrared
Slide 6
GLIMPSE
A 240 square degree IRAC survey of the inner Galactic plane, extending from 10 to 70 degrees in longitude on either side of the Galactic Center, and from -1 to +1 degree in latitude. Science goals include the structure of the inner Galaxy and the statistics and physics of star formation.
“Galactic Legacy Infrared Mid-Plane Survey Extraordinaire”
Pilachowski / August 2005
The Universe in the Infrared
Slide 7
SINGS
A survey of 75 nearby galaxies to characterize their large-scale infrared properties, to understand the physical processes connecting star formation to the ISM, and to provide diagnostic templates for interpreting observations of objects in the distant universe.
"The Spitzer Infrared Nearby Galaxies Survey”
Pilachowski / August 2005
The Universe in the Infrared
Slide 8
GOODS
GOODS unites extremely deep observations from NASA's Great Observatories, the Spitzer Space Telescope, Hubble, and Chandra, ESA's XMM-Newton, and from the most powerful ground-based facilities, to survey the distant universe to the faintest flux limits across the broadest range of wavelengths.
“Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey"
Pilachowski / August 2005
The Universe in the Infrared
Slide 9
SWIRES
Wide-area imaging surveys reaching to cosmological redshifts of ~2.5 to study the evolution of dusty, star-forming galaxies, evolved stellar populations and AGN as a function of environment. The resultant catalogs will include ~2 million infrared-selected galaxies.
“The Spitzer Wide-area Infrared Extragalactic Survey”
Pilachowski / August 2005
The Universe in the Infrared
Slide 10
Proposing for GO Observations
The second General Observer (GO) Call for Spitzer Proposals (CP) has been released. The deadline for receipt of GO proposals is 12 Feb 05, at 1pm (13:00h) PST. Investigators worldwide may submit a proposal in response to the Spitzer Space Telescope Cycle-2 Call for Proposals.
Spitzer instrumentation is capable of imaging the sky at wavelengths of 4 - 160 microns and spectroscopy between 5 - 40 microns via the use of IRAC (InfraRed Array Camera), IRS (InfraRed Spectrograph) and MIPS (Multiband Imaging Photometer for Spitzer). A general introduction to the spacecraft and its instrumentation and capabilities can be found here, with many more details available in the Spitzer Observer's Manual.
In order to apply for Spitzer time, proposers are required to submit three items in their proposal: cover sheet information, scientific and technical justification (in pdf ONLY) and a set of Astronomical Observation Requests (AORs), which provide the targets and mode of operation for each of the observations being requested. All three items must be submitted through Spot. Spot is a JAVA-based client-server software package that can be downloaded from the Proposal Kit area of this website. With Spot, proposers can easily construct the AORs that will accompany the other parts of the observing proposal.
Archival proposals and theoretical proposals will also be accepted in the second GO call. Both of these kinds of proposals should also be submitted via Spot, though they are to be submitted only if investigators are seeking NASA funding; if no supporting funds are required, no proposal should be submitted.
Proposals prepared and submitted on-line in mid-February
Reviewed by panels of astronomers working in related fields
Astronomers notified in late spring
Pilachowski / August 2005
The Universe in the Infrared
Slide 11
Science JustificationFrom the Spitzer Cycle 1 Call for Proposals:
Pilachowski / August 2005
The Universe in the Infrared
Slide 12
Selecting Targets• Select possible
targets based on science rationale
• Obtain accurate sky coordinates
• Estimate target energy flux in Spitzer passbands
• Determine optimal exposure times
Pilachowski / August 2005
The Universe in the Infrared
Slide 13
Hope for Good News• Nearly 600
proposals received, totaling 13,817 hours of observing time
• 3700 hours of time available
• Successful PIs notified in late spring
Pilachowski / August 2005
The Universe in the Infrared
Slide 14
Observations Scheduling
• Spitzer Space Telescope• Nominal Science Operations - Week 72 Schedule of Planned Science Observations• Posted: March 21 2005• TargetName RA(J2000) Dec(J2000) PI ProgName AOT min_dur Scheduled_Time(UTC• ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------• HD116956 13:25:45.50 56:58:14.00 Werner MWWSTARS mipsphot 11.30 2005-04-10 08:16:05.0 • 3C309.1 14:59: 7.64 71:40:20.03 Houck CRL_3CRR mipsphot 24.82 2005-04-10 08:27:35.0 • 3c382 18:35: 2.15 32:41:50.20 Birkinsh 3CRR_LOW mipsphot 51.41 2005-04-10 08:54:56.4 • 3c386 18:38:26.25 17:11:49.70 Birkinsh 3CRR_LOW mipsphot 41.65 2005-04-10 09:46:12.6 • 3C368.0 18: 5: 6.37 11: 1:31.00 Stern STERNHZR mipsphot 37.72 2005-04-10 10:34:16.7 • IC 4665 Pros 17:47:21.44 5:45:34.70 Pilachow CLUSTERD mipsphot 42.07 2005-04-10 11:11:08.6 • IC 4665 Pros 17:47: 2.93 5:41:55.60 Pilachow CLUSTERD mipsphot 42.07 2005-04-10 11:50:56.5 • IC 4665 Pros 17:46:46.62 5:33:54.50 Pilachow CLUSTERD mipsphot 42.07 2005-04-10 12:30:41.8 • IC 4665 Pros 17:46:57.71 5:25:33.30 Pilachow CLUSTERD mipsphot 42.07 2005-04-10 13:10:24.9 • IC 4665 Pros 17:46:26.80 5:41:59.70 Pilachow CLUSTERD mipsphot 42.07 2005-04-10 13:50:22.0 • IC 4665 Pros 17:46:23.19 5:47:36.70 Pilachow CLUSTERD mipsphot 42.07 2005-04-10 14:37:05.2 • IC 4665 Pros 17:45:17.23 5:40: 4.80 Pilachow CLUSTERD mipsphot 42.07 2005-04-10 15:16:58.1 • IC 4665 Pros 17:45: 0.83 5:31:23.00 Pilachow CLUSTERD mipsphot 42.08 2005-04-10 15:56:43.8 • IC 4665 Pros 17:45:34.78 5:25:36.60 Pilachow CLUSTERD mipsphot 42.07 2005-04-10 16:36:31.8 • HD164259 18: 0:29.01 -3:41:25.00 Beichman COMPARAT mipsphot 17.86 2005-04-10 17:18:03.3 • G34.74-0.12 18:55:10.11 1:33: 9.30 Bergin EBERGIN mipsphot 8.36 2005-04-10 18:00:18.8 • G37.44+0.14 18:59:10.7 4: 4:24.40 Bergin EBERGIn mipsphot 8.36 2005-04-10 18:07:08.6
Observers are notified 3-4 weeks before scheduled observations
Pilachowski / August 2005
The Universe in the Infrared
Slide 15
Data Processing Pipeline
After download, data are processed at the Spitzer Science Center, and then deposited in the Data ArchivePIs notified when processed data are available for “pickup” over the WebTypically about 2-3 weeks after observations are obtained
Pilachowski / August 2005
The Universe in the Infrared
Slide 16
Spitzer Data Archive
• All Spitzer data are archived and available for download
• Investigator data are available to the public 12 months after the observations are obtained
http://archive.spitzer.caltech.edu/index.jsp
Pilachowski / August 2005
The Universe in the Infrared
Slide 17
Spitzer Data
data are delivered in “FITS” format (Flexible Image Transport System)FITS is a digital format that preserves numerical value of the intensity of each pixel for quantitative analysis
Pilachowski / August 2005
The Universe in the Infrared
Slide 18
Viewing Spitzer Data
• FITS images can be read by ImageJ software available from NIH at http://rsb.info.nih.gov/ij/
• Or use Star Image Processor on-line at Virginia Tech: http://www.phys.vt.edu/~jhs/SIP/
Pilachowski / August 2005
The Universe in the Infrared
Slide 19
Spitzer Teacher’s Program12 teachers undertaking research projects with SpitzerProposed for and got Spitzer time
“Young Stars in IC 2118”“Observing Iron Stars with Spitzer”Plus intergalactic star formation, supermassive black holes, AGNs, brown dwarfs
In collaboration with NOAOhttp://coolcosmos.ipac.caltech.edu/cosmic_classroom/teacher_research/