Facades of NPTRidhima Nayar reports from the General Assembly on the issue of universatility of Non Proliferation Treaty.

Discussions regarding the future of the nations are dom-inated by those who believe that an expanding world economy will use up natural resources and those who see no reasons, environmental or otherwise, to limit eco-nomic growth. Neither side has it right.

As with any other source of energy, in case of nuclear en-ergy too, benefits and drawbacks blindly follow.

The representatives of different countries have their own distinct stances over the issue. Iran, a signatory to the NPT, has a large-scale nuclear development program under way, perpetuating a complete nuclear fuel-cycle. Iran was seen focusing on the drawbacks and the dele-gate stated that “The NPT does not specify what does the nuclear technology really imply and it does not take into account the methods carried upon or the tools used in the making of nuclear related technologies”.

The delegate of china did put the country’s stance for-ward by stating that “The Chinese Government has tak-en all effective measures to ensure the nuclear safety, safeguarding the health of the workers and the general public and to protecting the environment”. The delegate

also stressed upon the fact that China advocates a com-plete prohibition and thorough destruction of nuclear weapons and strictly observes its nuclear disarmament obligations. The ambassador of China further avowed that China is the only nuclear-weapon state to advocate a complete prohibition and thorough destruction of nu-clear weapons.

The council hopes to put into limelight the grave dis-cussion areas like the possibility of the non-state actors stealing or illicitly purchasing highly enriched uranium for constructing an improvised nuclear device; country’s stand towards the current non-proliferation regime for the non NPT Nuclear Weapons States be brought under the same to safeguard Nuclear Weapon States.

Interlink should be drawn on the limitations of current agenda at hand. Continued and enhanced international cooperation will be required to succeed in keeping nu-clear materials out of the hands of terrorists as well as the sufficiency to hold any nation back from its use.

Confero MUN 2015 | Page 1 Voice| 19th April 2015

Solutions to Human Trafficking

Gul Mehra reports from the UNHRC about issues pertaining to Human Trafficking and solutions to something as grave as this.

Confero MUN 2015 | Page 2 Voice|19th April 2015

Human trafficking happens to be a major cause behind the loss of a country’s human resource and leads to a huge fall in the economy.It is hence intolerable for all the countries and thus took the focus in the United Nationas Human Rights Council.

The causes varied for all the countries.Poverty took up the focus, being a major cause of human trafficking in most of the countries. Whereas the delegate of Columbia stated that it is the globalization that is the reason behind human trafficking. The delegate also blamed the arm conflicts and the lenient norms and policies for the same.

Various solutions were put up to curb this issue which included provision of funds and improvement of laws for most of the them. While Columbia came up with a different one. It declared ‘The 3 Ps ‘ as the final solution which denote ‘prevention’ , ‘protection’ and ‘prosecution’ respectively.

‘The countries need to abide to the laws,treat the accused with proper processing and hence give the citizens the

right to be recognised’ says the Columbian delegate.

The countries still work upon for a unanimous decision, which probably would prove to be effective for all the na-tions.

“Colombia declared ‘The 3 Ps ‘ as the final solution which denote ‘prevention’ , ‘protection’ and ‘prosecution’ respectively.”

The Breakdown of ISISSecurity Council deliberates on the ways to breakdown ISIS – Sonali Arora reports.

Today, countries have realised that it has become pivotal to address the religious fundamentalism and terror being spread by this amorphous group of brutes who are bent on defacing the peace and harmony of the world in a bid to impose its distorted vision of Islamic fundamentalist state. To address the aforementioned issue the Security Council had a discussion to chalk out a feasible strategy to breakdown the ISIS.

There were different solutions proposed by different countries, but what formed the basis of discussion was the solution given by the ambassador of Jordan. The rep-resentative stated that – “terrorism can only be rooted out by putting pressure on the organisation from all fronts, i.e., financial, infrastructural, regional and political. If re-gional parties of Iraq and Syria, with collaboration of oth-er countries, choke out all sources of finance, then ISIS might become vulnerable and lose ground.”

The other ways suggested to tackle the issue were to put restriction on the oil trade of ISIS which forms a large part of their income, seal funding and weapon supply. Countries like Russia, India, UK and France were of the thought that the ‘western countries’ funding the group by the way of weapons or finance should be stopped. Also, India urged the council to curb the alleged financial help

being provided by the US to the ISIS.

The clamour created by these jihadist militants has brought the world on the verge of a nasty nuclear war. This problem formed the crux of the debate and made the countries take collaborative steps to purge this insur-gence of the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria.

It is hoped that more effective steps will be taken further to deal with this situation. At the end, countries realized that if a policy is formed along the lines of the measures suggested, the precarious situation being faced by the world with regards to the jihadist terror can be effectively contained.

Confero MUN 2015 | Page 3 Voice | 19th April 2015

Slamming All Doors of Humanity

With each step further in the globalized sphere, the countries round the globe take a fallback in terms of humanity. Simrran Gill opines

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The oxford dictionary defines the word trafficking as “trade in something illegal” and this trade when associ-ated with humans can form the worst case scenario. With a world population of 7 billion as stated by the United Nations Census Bureau, populations of six to eight lac humans are victims of trafficking across international borders. Out of which fifty percent of the victims are mi-nors and the majority comprises of females. However, so-cio-economic culture, political and civil unrest have been the focal points amongst the various listed causes.

China claims prostitution to be a “lucrative job” and points towards the conflict and post conflict areas. Iraq blames it upon the local conditions like civil unrest and lack of human rights as the reason for forced migration. India blames it upon the social norms and weaker sex being forced into such scandalous job. Columbia blames globalization of economies for paving an easy path for migration. The area of focus of this council was the “hu-man rights violation by migration smuggling and human trafficking.”

The question here to be answered is what exactly is meant by the term “Human Rights”. According to the United Na-tions, “Human rights are rights inherent to all human beings, whatever our nationality, place of residence, sex, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, language, or any other status. We are all equally entitled to our human rights without discrimination.

These rights are all interrelated, interdependent and in-divisible.”

With stringent laws exercised against the same by various countries the crime still does not seem to curb its growth rate. As stated above majority of trafficking takes place among women and minors as they are considered easy targets. Women and children are lured into this circuit through job offers, promises of better living standards and breaking free from their famished conditions.

These victims, unaware of the loop they are stepping into, are migrated to other countries through unofficial routes either by means of sea or land. These victims are often subjected to harsh living conditions, abuse both in phys-ical and verbal terms, inhumane behavior at the hands of traffickers, mental torture and even murder.

In order to call ourselves as a developed nation it should be ensured that significant attention is paid to human rights and their violation is dealt with grave consequenc-es.

Tremors of the China- Pak N-DealNuclear Games in Southeast Asia. Vaishnavi Singh opines.

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Post World War-II we ushered in a new era of peace and cooperation. But due to the various conflicts that spring up among the nations every now and then it would not be baseless to assume that it will not be long before the world witnesses another war.

This one will be with a mass usage of nuclear weaponry by the states that posses them. Thus, it becomes impera-tive to look at the 1970 Treaty on the Non- Proliferation of nuclear weaponry since there have been many violations of its agendas by the signatories, and the nuclear weapon states like United States and China.

NPT, in general, has failed to prevent both horizontal and vertical proliferation, so despite joining NPT many coun-tries have pursued secret nuclear programs. Even the N5 countries like US and China are accused of proliferation to Israel and Pakistan respectively.

In a bid to become the global superpower, China has con-stantly violated the proliferation treaty time and again. Following the US- India nuclear deal of 2005, China en-tered into a deal with Pakistan to establish three nuclear reactors in Pakistan.

There have also been reports from some quarters in 2015 that China is involved in at least 6 nuclear pow-

er projects with a total installed capacity of 3.4 mil-lion KW in Pakistan and may export more to the coun-try. The US has put forward its concern regarding the same since Pakistan is not a signatory of the NPT.

Another major concern has been with respect to the mis-use of this capability by Pakistan though Pakistan states that “this capability would be used to generate 8800 MW of electricity by 2030 to overcome the power shortage”. Pakistan has also previously applied for exemption with-in the NSG for undertaking nuclear commerce freely with the suppliers.

To make the NPT more effective there is an urgent need to create a system of penalisation in order to make the members accountable and transparent. Monitoring of the activities of the countries that are repeated offenders of the NPT should be made more vigilant and pre-emp-tive steps should be taken by various international bodies to avoid such deals and activities of proliferation of nu-clear weapons in future.

The China- Pakistan deal which challenges the very es-sence of NPT could have been prevented if such mea-sures were already in place.

“How do you define a superhero?”Kaishav Singhal narrates from the Project SAFE as to how different Superheros like to define themself.

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Wolverine believes, “For me a super hero is a person who is willing to put his life before the life of others. A person who is selfless and willing to sacrifice himself to protect others is a hero in my opinion.

Doctor Strange answered by saying, “Anyone with extraordinary power, and uses those powers for the benefit of the so-ciety”

Mr Fantastic said, “A superhero is some-one who has bravery in his mind, he might not be physically strong but he’s strong in his head”

Professor X in his wise opinion believes, “One who doesn’t boast about his physical strength but puts them to some construc-tive use, thereby winning people’s hearts.”

Rogue said, “Who uses his mental and physical power for the betterment of the society”

Mystique through her experience as a villain says, “A superhero cannot be de-fined, it’s his actions that can leave an im-parting message on the audience. Imagine by the great John Lennon.”

Ironman says, “Any human (or Meta human or an alien) who uses his intellect and physical capacity selflessly is a super hero.”

Black Panther says, “Anybody who makes people’s lives easier here on earth, regardless of any physical powers that he might have, is a super hero.”

Batman believes, “Someone who makes the atheists believe in the existence of a godly-figure, someone who who’s there for people whom he doesn’t even know , can be called a superhero”

The International Press TeamConfero MUN 2015 | Page 7 Voice| 19th April 2015

CHIEF EDITORAmlan J. Das

SUB EDITORS

Guncha Dhir Mallika Khosla

DESIGNER

Amlan J. Das

JOURNALISTS

Kaishav SinghalNitika Wadhwa

Simrran GillVaishnavi Singh

Sonali AroraGul Mehra

Ridhima Nayar