The War of the Union

Chapter 17

I. “Biding His Time”

II. Lincoln’s Inauguration

• pledged not “to interfere with the institution of slavery in the States where it exists. I believe I have no lawful right to do so, and I have no inclination to do so.”• “no state upon its own mere motion can lawfully get out of the Union”• “there will be no using of force against or among the people anywhere.”• “I am loathe to close. We are not enemies, but friends. We must not be enemies…”

III. The Fall of Ft. Sumter

IV. Taking Sides

V. Choosing Sides

Robert E. Lee’s letter to General Winfield Scott (April 1861)“ Since my interview with you on the 18th I have felt that I ought no longer retain my commission in the Army. I therefore tender my resignation, which I request you will recommend for acceptance. It would have been presented at once but for the struggle it has cost me to separate myself from a service to which I have devoted the best years of my life, and all the ability I possessed. During the whole of that time – more than a quarter of a century – I have experienced nothing but kindness from my superiors and a most cordial friendship from my comrades. To no one, General, have I been as much indebted as to yourself for uniform kindness and consideration, and it has always been my ardent desire to merit your approbation. I shall carry to the grave the most grateful recollections of your kind consideration, and you name and fame shall always be dear to me. Save in defense of my native State, I never desire again to draw my sword. Be pleased to accept my most earnest wishes for the continuance of your happiness and prosperity, and believe me most truly yours, R.E. Lee”

Robert E. Lee

Arlington House

VI. The Balance of Force

VII. The Anaconda Plan

VIII. First Battle of Bull Run

P. Beauregard Irvin McDowell

Stonewall Jackson

IX. Naval Actions

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Benjamin Butler

X. Forming Armies

XI. The West and the Civil War

Ft. Donelson overlooking Cumberland River

XII. Shiloh

“Hotter and hotter grew the contest…The light of the sun was obscured by the clouds of sulphurous smoke, and the ground became moist and slippery with human gore…Men glared at each other as at wild beasts; and when a shell burst with fatal effect among a crowd of the advancing foe, and arms, legs, and heads were torn off, a grim smile of pleasure lighted up the smoke-begrimed faces of the transformed beings who witnessed the catastrophe…There was not pause in the battle. The roar of the strife was heard…paths were filled with the dying and the dead. The sound was deafening, the tumult indescribable…Death was in the air, and bloomed like a poison-plant on every foot of soil.”

XIII. McClellans’ Peninsular Campaign

XIV. Second Bull Run

John Pope

XV. Antietam

XVI. Fredericksburg

Ambrose Burnside

XVII. Emancipation Proclamation

XVIII. Blacks in the Military

XIX. Thirteenth Amendment

XX. Women and the War

Clara Barton

XXI.Government During the War

• Union Congress

• Union Finance

• Confederate Finance

• Trent Affair

• Union Politics and Civil Liberties

• Confederate Politics

XXII. Chancellorsville

Plantation office in VA where Jackson died

Near Chancellorsville

XXIII. Vicksburg

Siege of VicksburgBy Kurz and Allison

XXIV. Gettysburg

By Currier and Ives

Joshua Chamberlain

George Edward Pickett

Pickett’s Charge

XXV. Gettysburg Address

Monument to Lincoln at Gettysburg

XXVI. Ulysses S. Grant

XXVII. The Confederacy’s Defeat

Grant Sherman

XXVIII. Appomattox

XXIX. A Modern War