therapies
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Therapies](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032421/55a62a811a28abca138b47c9/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Therapies
Dr. Irene Karayianni
![Page 2: Therapies](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032421/55a62a811a28abca138b47c9/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Psychotherapy
A form of therapy in which a trained professional uses methods based on
psychological theories to help a person with psychological problems.
Does not include medical treatment.
Unique relationship, highly personal information.
Image sources http://www.mentalhelp.net/poc/center_index.php?cn=91
![Page 3: Therapies](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032421/55a62a811a28abca138b47c9/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Ethical standards
• The therapist must not use intense relationship to exploit the client in
any way.
• Goals of treatment must be of the best interest of the client and
society, and must be fully understood by the client.
• Therapists must only treat problems that they are qualified to treat.
Else, refer client to someone else.
• Carefully consider alternative treatment methods.
• Evaluate effectiveness of treatment. Find meaningful measures.
• Confidentiality (except court matters, or if clients are in immediate
danger to harm themselves or others)
• Therapists must respect differences in gender, ethnicity etc, and not
sway clients to their own values.
![Page 4: Therapies](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032421/55a62a811a28abca138b47c9/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Psychoanalysis
Image sources http://www.psychotherapist-blog.com/category/contemporary-psychoanalysis/
![Page 5: Therapies](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032421/55a62a811a28abca138b47c9/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Psychoanalysis
• Developed by Freud
• Based on his belief that the root of all psychological problems is
unconscious conflicts among the id, the ego and the superego.
• Conflicts that get out of hand
• Conflicts must be brought to the conscious if they are to be resolved.
• Not easy (the id is completely unconscious)
• Use special therapy methods, to relax the ego guard
• The id is revealed in disguise
• Psychoanalyst must
– Create conditions to relax censorship of ego
– Interpret disguised symbolic revelations of unconscious mind to patient
![Page 6: Therapies](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032421/55a62a811a28abca138b47c9/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Technique: free association
• Developed by Freud
• Talk about whatever comes to mind, allowing contents of unconscious
to slip past the censorship of the ego.
• No thought or feeling is withheld
• Easier for patient to lie on couch, facing the ceiling
• Psychoanalyst out of sight
• As if patients are talking to themselves
Image sources http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_picture_is_worth_a_thousand_words
![Page 7: Therapies](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032421/55a62a811a28abca138b47c9/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Technique: dream interpretation
• Developed by Freud
• The symbols in the obvious content of dreams that are recalled, are
interpreted to reveal the hidden content (manifest / latent)
Image sources http://www.goodhousekeeping.com/health/womens-health/sleeplessness-causes
![Page 8: Therapies](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032421/55a62a811a28abca138b47c9/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Technique: interpretation of resistance
• Developed by Freud
• He placed emphasis on resistance in therapy
• Resistance = any form of opposition to the process of psychoanalysis
• Resistance means a conflict is discovered and the patient doesn’t want
to think about it
• Can occur in two ways
– Vague – missing appointments, question value of psychoanalysis
– Specific – resistance to the interpretations of the therapist
![Page 9: Therapies](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032421/55a62a811a28abca138b47c9/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Technique: interpretation of transference
• Patients feel and act towards therapists in ways that resemble how they
feel and act toward other significant adults (e.g. parent, eployer)
• Another source of valuable information: relationship between therapist
and client
• Intense relationship
• E.g. argue for fees, asking for reassurance
![Page 10: Therapies](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032421/55a62a811a28abca138b47c9/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Catharsis
• In addition to symbolic revelations, Psychoanalysis allows release of
emotions
• Release of emotional energy related to unconscious conflicts
![Page 11: Therapies](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032421/55a62a811a28abca138b47c9/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Interpersonal psychotherapy for depression
• Interpersonal psychotherapy is based on neo-Freudian theories of
Sullivan
• Focuses on accurate definition and communication of feelings and the
improvement of current social relationships
• Focuses on the “here and now”
• Usually completed in 12-16 weeks
• Originally developed to treat depression. 4 kinds of problems that cause
depression
– Grief over the loss of a relationship (death, divorce)
– Conflicts with people that are significant to us
– Stressful life events, or events threatening self esteem
– Lack of social skills for establishing healthy relationships
![Page 12: Therapies](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032421/55a62a811a28abca138b47c9/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Interpersonal psychotherapy for depression
• IPT therapists try to reach 7 goals to treat depression
• Therapist understands my feelings and considers them important
• Understand how my feelings are related to what’s going on in my life,
to my current relationships (emotional baggage)
• Learn to express my feelings in constructive ways
• Identify unhealthy relationships that can’t be fixed, end them, move on
to healthier ones
• Master new roles created in life
• Improve my skills for creating and maintaining healthy relationships
• Develop optimistic focus on current opportunities for change, instead of
the past
![Page 13: Therapies](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032421/55a62a811a28abca138b47c9/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Humanistic psychotherapy
Image sources http://www.brightonandhovepsychotherapy.com/
![Page 14: Therapies](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032421/55a62a811a28abca138b47c9/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
![Page 15: Therapies](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032421/55a62a811a28abca138b47c9/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
![Page 16: Therapies](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032421/55a62a811a28abca138b47c9/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
![Page 17: Therapies](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032421/55a62a811a28abca138b47c9/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
![Page 18: Therapies](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032421/55a62a811a28abca138b47c9/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
![Page 19: Therapies](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032421/55a62a811a28abca138b47c9/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
![Page 20: Therapies](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032421/55a62a811a28abca138b47c9/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
![Page 21: Therapies](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032421/55a62a811a28abca138b47c9/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
![Page 22: Therapies](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032421/55a62a811a28abca138b47c9/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
![Page 23: Therapies](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032421/55a62a811a28abca138b47c9/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
![Page 24: Therapies](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032421/55a62a811a28abca138b47c9/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
![Page 25: Therapies](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032421/55a62a811a28abca138b47c9/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
![Page 26: Therapies](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032421/55a62a811a28abca138b47c9/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
![Page 27: Therapies](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032421/55a62a811a28abca138b47c9/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
![Page 28: Therapies](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032421/55a62a811a28abca138b47c9/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
![Page 29: Therapies](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032421/55a62a811a28abca138b47c9/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
![Page 30: Therapies](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032421/55a62a811a28abca138b47c9/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
![Page 31: Therapies](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032421/55a62a811a28abca138b47c9/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
![Page 32: Therapies](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032421/55a62a811a28abca138b47c9/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
![Page 33: Therapies](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032421/55a62a811a28abca138b47c9/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
![Page 34: Therapies](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032421/55a62a811a28abca138b47c9/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
![Page 35: Therapies](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032421/55a62a811a28abca138b47c9/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
![Page 36: Therapies](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032421/55a62a811a28abca138b47c9/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)