Thermodynamics of Materials Practice Exam MATLENG442

I. True or False (Correct false statements)

1. The Volume of a gas in an intensive property.

2. In a thermodynamic process work is a state function.

3. The 1st law of thermodynamics states that the heat q absorbed by a system is always equal to the work ‘w’ done by the system.

4. All spontaneous processes occurring in nature are partially irreversible.

5. The 2nd law of thermodynamics states that the total entropy change (system+surroundings) of all reversible processes is zero.

6. The Gibbs energy ‘G’ is a state function.

7. The entropy of melting of metals is considerably larger than their entropy of boiling.

8. The temperature variation of the heat capacity of crystalline solids at high temperatures is given by Debye’s T^3 law.

9. The 3rd law of thermodynamics state that the entropy of all substances that re in internal equilibrium is equal to zero at 0K.

10. For any material that expands when heated, Cp is greater than Cv.

11. Pressure and Temperature are state variables/functions.

12. The enthalpy of vaporization of all liquids at their critical point is equal to zero.

13. Thermal entropy refers to the number of ways in which particles themselves can be distributed in space.

14. Hess’s law states that the enthalpy of a reaction is the sum of reactants minus the sum of products in the reaction.

15. The internal energy ‘U’ of an ideal gas is independent of temperature.

Match the terms with the definitions:

State Functions ____

System (Open) ____

System (Closed) ____

System (Isolated____

Component____

Thermal Entropy ____

Phase____

Equilibrium____

Energy____

Work____

Extensive Properties____

Intensive Properties____

Configurationally entropy____

Surroundings____

Thermodynamic system____

Chemical Equilibrium____

Thermodynamic Work____

(a)Macroscopic physical region of universe that is studied using the principles of thermodynamics

(b)All space in the universe outside the thermodynamic system

(c)# of ways in which particles themselves can be distributed in space

(d)A system that does not interact with its surroundings. No matter, work, heat, and energy transfer takes place across the boundary

(e)A system that allows matter flow in/out

(f)A system were no mass may be transferred in or out of the system boundaries, but heat an work can be exchanged across the boundary

(g) A portion of the system whose properties and composition are homogeneous and which is physically distinct from the other parts of the system

(h) A state of balance; no net flows of matter, energy, no phase changes within the system chemical equilibrium

(i) A state in which the concentrations of the reactants and the products do not change

(j) The condition of matter with respect to structure, form. constitution, or phase (Internal Energy, Enthalpy, Entropy)

(k) A set of values of thermodynamics properties of a system that can reproduce the system

(l) Different elements or chemical compounds that make up the system

(m) the energy transferred by the system to another w= Fd = PV

(n)Properties that have values dependent of the size of the system (Volume)

(o) The energy transferred by a force through a distance in the direction of the force

(p) The ability of a physical system to do work on other physical systems.

(q)Properties that are independent of the size of the system (Pressure/Temperature)

(r) # of ways in which energy can be distributed among identical particles

Match the terms with the definitions:

Debye’s Model____

Hess’s Law____

Le Chatelier’s Principal____

Nernst Heat Theorem____

Kirchoff’s Law____

Richard’s rule____

Trouton’s Rule____

Kopp’s Rule____

Einstein’s Crystal____

(a)

(b)

(c)Assumptions: Each atom in lattice behaves as a harmonic oscillator and vibrates independently about its lattice point, all atomics oscillate with the same fixed frequency and is not influenced by the behavior of its neighbor

(d)Correctly predicts the low temperature dependence of the heat capacity which is proportional to T^3

(e)

(f)When a system which is in equilibrium is subjected to an external influence, the system moves in the direction which nullifies the external influence

(g) As absolute zero is approached, the entropy change for a chemical or

physical transformation approaches zero.

(h)

(i)

Third Law of Thermodynamics

Statement

Exceptions

Applications