thermometers thermometers are used to measure temperature. the temperature of a material tells us...
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![Page 1: Thermometers Thermometers are used to measure temperature. The temperature of a material tells us how hot or cold it is. The units for temperature are](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022082506/5697bfa21a28abf838c96058/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Thermometers
Thermometers are used to measure temperature.
The temperature of a material tells us how hot or cold it is.
The units for temperature are Degrees Celsius ( °C ).
Material Temperature ( °C )
Air in room
Air outsideSkinIce
Water (kettle)
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Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
All thermometers must have some property that changes when the temperature changes.
In a liquid-in-glass thermometer the volume of the liquid changes when the temperature changes.
When the temperature increases the liquid expands (larger volume).
When the temperature decreases the liquid contracts (smaller volume).
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The Clinical Thermometer
The clinical thermometer is a special liquid-in-glass thermometer used by doctors and nurses.
It works in the same way as an ordinary liquid-in-glass thermometer but with some additional features.
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1. A kink in the tube stops the temperature reading falling when the clinical thermometer is removed from the patient.
2. The scale is shorter and more accurate ( measures to 0.1 °C )
3. Its triangular shape magnifies the liquid making it easier to read.
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Using the Clinical Thermometer
1. Shake the thermometer to get liquid below the kink.
2. Place under tongue or armpit of patient.
3. Wait for a few minutes.
4. Remove from patient and read temperature.
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Body Temperature & Illness
Normal internal body temperature is 37 °C.
A body temperature a few degrees above 37 °C can mean a patient is ill.
Hyperthermia is when the body temperature increases way above normal.
Death occurs at about 45 °C.
Hypothermia is when the body temperature falls way below normal.
Death occurs at about 26 °C.