thiết kế dây chuyền sản xuất mtbe từ iso-butan.docx

7/24/2019 Thit k dy chuyn sn xut MTBE t iso-Butan.docx

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n mn hc Thit k dy chuyn sn xut MTBE t iso-Butan

Mc lc

M u Tan!

"# $ n!h%a c&a ' t(i )

""# *+ ,ht tin .( nhu c/u MTBE t0n th !i1i 2

Phn 1. Tng quan l thuyt

3h45n! 6# 3c ,h45n! ,h, t7n! h8, MTBE

"# 3c h41n! sn xut MTBE 9

""# :u t;nh t7n! h8, MTBE t iso-o hc c&a ?u t;nh t7n! h8, =

@# An! hc .( c5 ch ,hn n! C

)# Dc tc cho ?u t;nh t7n! h8, MTBE 6@

2# 3c yu tF nh h4Gn! 'n ?u t;nh t7n! h8, MTBE 6H

Chng 2. Tnh cht ca nguyn l!u "# $%n &h'(

"# I!uy0n JiKu 6=6# MLtanoJ 6=

@# "so-


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6# :u t;nh i_omL ho n-


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M u

>. ? ngh@a ca A t#

nn! cao cht J48n! c&a xYn! th; mAt h41n! 'i kh ?uan tn! 'e J( tfo cc cutg cao octan ' ,ha .(o xYn! m1i mc 'Och nn! cao cht J48n!# tYn! t sFoctan c&a xYn! n!4i ta thay th sg dn! ,h !ia ch; do


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khi hfn ch '48c mAt ,h/n t J1n 3 .( cc hydocac>. E5 &h*t t+Fn "# nhu cu MT/0 t+n th gG

MTBE '48c t7n! h8, J/n '/u ti0n .(o nYm 6`2


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Bng 1: Nhu cu MTBE trn th gii (n v tnh: tn)

(ngun b! c! "B# $%1&' i* h+i nhin ,iu -.ch ch/u 0)

Trong bo co, khu vc chu - Thi Bnh Dng bao gm cc quc gia: Trung

Quc, !i "oan, Thi "an, #!n Quc, $a%a&'ia, (inga)or* v! +n .hu /u

gm: 0c, B1, 2, 3ga v! 4nh Trung v! 3am $5 bao gm: $*6ico, Bra7i%,

4rg*n8ina Trung 9ng v! chu hi gm: ; ?-@8, Aran

*VT>W X0 VYn c H ZV>[W \Z*#T* I!uy]n ^hnh [iKu >n!


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Phn 1. Tng quan l thuyt

Chng 1. C*c &hng &h*& tng h& MT/0

>. C*c hGng $%n ut MT/0

I!uy0n JiKu cho ?u t;nh t7n! h8, MTBE J( iso-Nn h8, 32 t ,ha PaQQinat-6 J( hNn h8, khO thu '48c t ?u t;nh cackin! h5in41c# y J( n!un n!uy0n JiKu th4n! '48c sg dn! nhiu ton! cc x4Gn! sn

xut MTBE t0n th !i1i# I!un n!uy0n JiKu n(y ce 4u 'im J( nn! 'A iso- 41n! @

>Nn h8, 32 c&a ?u t;nh cackin! xc tc t/n! si R33-BBS# Ton! n!un

n!uy0n JiKu n(y th; nn! 'A iso-41n! )

*VT>W X0 VYn c 9 ZV>[W \Z*#T* I!uy]n ^hnh [iKu >n!

PhHn ngMT/0

PhHn ngMT/0


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T ?u t;nh dLhydat ho TLt ButyJ UJcohoJ

TBU MTBE

MLtanoJ

- >41n! 2

T ?u t;nh dLhydo ho iso-


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3>) 3>)

>

3>@ 3 3>)> 3>)- 3 - - 3>)

3>) 3>)

:u t;nh ,hn n! xy a d] d(n! G 'iu kiKn nh nh(n! .( ton! ,ha Jvn!

Rhoc ,ha Jvn! - khO hNn h8,S# IhiKt 'A ,hn n! ton! khon! H`-` o3 .( , sut

t 6-6HM\a R, sut '& ' duy t; ,hn n! G tfn! thi Jvn!S# y J( ,hn n! to

nhiKt nh( )moJw^)=> =

thubn n!hch ce 'A chn Jc cao mc d} ce mt cc

cu tg 32khc R


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- 35 ch ionW

3>) 3>)

>

3 3>@ 3- 3>)

3>) 3>)

*au 'e ion cac) 3>)

3>)- 3 3>)> 3>) - 3 - - 3>)

3>) 3>) >

V( cuFi c}n!W

3>) 3>)

3>) - 3 - - 3>) 3>)- 3 - - 3>) >

3>) > 3>)

ThLo c5 ch n(y th; iso-


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T JK P`= khi 'e J48n! mLtanoJ J( ch& yu ton! mi t4n! ,hn n! .;

.by mLtanoJ ce xu h41n! h, ,h J0n xc tc nh+a tao '7i ion .( do 'e h/u ht cc

nhem suJQomic c&a nh+a ML

>@ P - *)-

*+ h, ,h c&a aJkLn J0n nh+a J( t nhv# [o 'e ce th thy n! tin t;nh ,hn

n! t7n! h8, MTBE s~ thLo c5 ch EJLy-PidLaJ RE-PS tc J( ,hn n! xy a t0n

ML> #

ML> # "so


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3qn! thLo c5 ch n(y ce th xy a s+ tfo th(nh mLtyJ-sLc

J( c/n thit ' 7n 'nh cu tc c&a tLt- .( J(m !im tFc 'A ,hn n! nu ?u

t;nh ,hn n! khn! J(m cho cc hft nh+a co Jfi c5 ch X-> ce th xy a nhanh

h5n c5 ch E-P .; tFc 'A ,hn n! tYn! d/n# 3hbm .1i P`= .( mfnh m~ khi



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P6=# ^hi 3"B'& cao iso- cqn! ce tc dn!#

^hi P6` Jc n(y ,hn n! chj xy a thLo c5 ch X-> cuFi c}n! khi t7n! h8,

MTBE 'ft cn .( tFc 'A ,hn n! tYn!

d/n .( 'ft cn ce tOnh axit mfnh# Dc tc n(y J(m cho ,hn n! nhanh h5n

ce 'A chn Jc sn ,hm cao J(m .iKc ton! mi t4n! ce c+c .( d] tch ti sinh#

Ih+a cationit J( mAt axit n J( h8, cht cao ,hn tg '48c t}n! h8, W X0 VYn c 6@ ZV>[W \Z*#T* I!uy]n ^hnh [iKu >n!


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chc nh4 J( -*)> ' '48c 'Onh ,oJimL nei t0n R'Onh .(o cc nhn th5mS# 3u tc

c&a mfchW

A axit c(n! mfnh th; 'A hoft tOnh xc tc c(n! cao# A axit ,h thuAc .(o kiu

Jofi .( sF nhem axit t0n nh+a .(


14/65


Bng $: Tnh cht c2 3+t -4 ,!.i nh52 tr2! 6i i!n

T0n xc tc A

axit3

B mt

i0n!thLo

BET

m@w!

B mt

i0n!thLo

"*E3

m@w!

Th tOch

mao?un

mXw!

4n!

kOnhmao

?un

Uo

^Och

th41chft tW X0 VYn c 62 ZV>[W \Z*#T* I!uy]n ^hnh [iKu >n!


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,oJymL ho c&a iso-W X0 VYn c 6H ZV>[W \Z*#T* I!uy]n ^hnh [iKu >n!


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sF hoft ho R > .( *S nhn! thn! sF m( dln 'n s+ thay '7i ,hc hoft ho# V(

'iu n(y J(m tYn! tFc 'A ,hn n!#

* >@c 8c

Mc 'A chuyn ho MTBE ,h thuAc .(o hoft tOnh xc tc# >oft tOnh xc tc Jfi'48c ?uyt 'nh


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Chng 2. Tnh cht ca nguyn l!u "# $%n &h'(

>. Sguyn l!u

I!uy0n JiKu c&a ?u t;nh t7n! h8, MTBE J( mLtanoJ .( iso-)> Rth4n! .it tt ML>S#

y J( 48u '5n !in nht ton! dy 'n! 'n! 48u# nhiKt 'A ,hrn! ne J( mAt

cht Jvn! ,hn c+c .( '48c sg dn! nh4 mAt cht chFn! 'n! dun! mi nhi0n

JiKu .( nh4 J( mAt cht J(m


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IhiKt 'A nen! chy

IhiKt 'A t1i hfn, sut t1i hfn

IhiKt dun! i0n! @Ho3

6`6)^\a

IhiKt ho h5i 6`6)^\a

A nh1t Jvn!

A nh1t h5i

Zi1i hfn n7 ton! khn! khO

, sut h5i mLtanoJ thLo to ce

th tOnh thLo

@Ho3

H`o3

^hO

Xvn!

`=C992!wcm)

`=9)=!wcm)

-=9Co3

@)2o3C`=M\a

22`9 wmoJ#^

C6`C wmoJ#^

66@CC ^wk!

`HH6) m\a#s

9C#6`

)

m\a#sHH - 22 p

Jn\C H6@92wT

b9 Tnh cht h! h hoc nhem ->#

MAt sF ,hn n! 'c t4n! c&a mLtanoJW

- \hn n! G Ji0n kt ->

Tc dn! .1i kim Jofi kim tfo muFi ancoJat

3>)> Ia 3>)Ia 6w@ >@

\hn n! LstL ho .1i cc axit . c5 .( hu c5

3>)> >@*2 >)3 - - * - - 3>)

*VT>W X0 VYn c 6C ZV>[W \Z*#T* I!uy]n ^hnh [iKu >n!


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3>)> 3>)3> 3>)33>) >@

- \hn n! G Ji0n kt 3-

Tc dn! .1i >D

3>)> >3J 3>)3J >@Tc dn! .1i I>)

3>)> I>) 3>)I>@ >@

\hn n! dLhydo ho G 62`o3 ce mt c&a >@*2'c

@3>)> 3>)3>) >@

- \hn n! oxy ho

3>)> 3u to >3> 3u >@

3>)> Hw@@ to 3@ >@ :

- \hn n! dLhydo ho khi cho h5i mLtanoJ 'i ?ua Fn! nun! G @` -)``o3 ce

mt xc tc 3u

3>)> >3> >@

c9 =h>ng *h* t6ng h?* 3@t2n!,

T41c 'y ton! cn! n!hiK, mLtanoJ '48c 'iu ch @ 3>)>3@ )>@ 3>)> >@

2. >$8K:utBn

29 Tnh cht vt ,;



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"so@ ' tfo a axitcac)S)3 3> ,hn n! .1i QomaJdLhyt tfo h8, cht d}n! ' sn

xut iso,Ln#

- 3An! n41c tfo TBU

*VT>W X0 VYn c @` ZV>[W \Z*#T* I!uy]n ^hnh [iKu >n!


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3>) 3>)

3>@ 3 >@ 3>)- 3 - >

3>) 3>)

- 3An! 48u tfo LtL

3>) 3>) 3>@ 3 3>)> 3>) - 3 - - 3>)

3>) 3>)

- 3An! >D 3>) 3>) 3>@ 3 >D 3>)- 3 - D

3>) 3>)

- \hn n! oxy ho

3>)

3>@ 3 )w@ @ MLtacoJLin

3>)

- \hn n! ,oJymL ho

3>) 3>)

3>@ 3 - 3>@- 3 -n

3>) 3>)

c9 c ngun i-!'but@n hin n2C

*VT>W X0 VYn c @6 ZV>[W \Z*#T* I!uy]n ^hnh [iKu >n!


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- T ?u t;nh cackin! h5i n41c Jy t hNn h8, PaQQinat-6 nn! 'A iso-W X0 VYn c @@ ZV>[W \Z*#T* I!uy]n ^hnh [iKu >n!


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b9 Tnh cht h! h


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Chng ). C*c qu* t+,nh c-ng ngh! $%n ut M/T0

h!n ang c $ 3ng

E V WhR qu* t+,nh tng h& MT/0

I!uy0n JiKu tu/n ho(n

I!uy0n

JiKu

3c ?u t;nh sn xut MTBE khc nhau d+a t0n cc n!un n!uy0n JiKu khc nhau

>. E%n ut MT/0 tJ hXn h& Wh CQYaZZnatK1 tJ qu* t+,nh c+acWng h

nGcD "# tJ hXn h& [CCK// tJ qu* t+,nh c+acWng c t*cD( C khi qu 8rnh 'Kn 6uG8 $TBF 8 hUn h) khV .W


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T41c 'y J( n!un n!uy0n JiKu th4n! '48c sg dn! nhiu ' sn xut MTBE t0n

th !i1i# I!un n!uy0n JiKu n(y ce 4u 'im J( ce th d}n! t+c ti, ' sn xut

MTBE !i th(nh { .; n!uy0n JiKu ce sn t cc ?u t;nh Jc d/u#

>Nn h8, 32c&a ?u t;nh cackin! xc tc t/n! si R33-BBS ce nn! 'A iso-


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ch}m th+c hiKn ,hn n! 'n! nhiKt thit W X0 VYn c @9 ZV>[W \Z*#T* I!uy]n ^hnh [iKu >n!


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:u t;nh t7n! h8, G 'y '48c chia J(m @ !iai 'ofn cho 'A chuyn ho iso-n!


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thubt ,hn n! ch4n! tch R)S J( cAt tch MTBE khvi mLtanoJ R2S J( cAt tch

mLtanoJ - n41c# 3n! n!hK n(y cho 'A chuyn ho iso-W X0 VYn c @C ZV>[W \Z*#T* I!uy]n ^hnh [iKu >n!


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'iu khin . E%n ut MT/0 tJ TB+t /utyl 7lc8h8l T/7D

*5 ' cn! n!hK ?u t;nh sn xut MTBE t TBU

TBU MTBE

MLtanoJ

Dnh K9 Fng ngh T@G2c! -n Gut MBTE tL TB

6# Xr 'Ft 2# Thit


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>>>. E%n ut MT/0 tJ Wh nK:utan

*5 ' khFi c&a ?u t;nh

MLtanoJ

n-


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6# Th, tch iso-


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6# Th, tch =# Thit


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6# Thit W X0 VYn c )) ZV>[W \Z*#T* I!uy]n ^hnh [iKu >n!


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6# Xr ,hn n! =# Thit W X0 VYn c )2 ZV>[W \Z*#T* I!uy]n ^hnh [iKu >n!


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Dnh 1%9 u trDnh YBH'A c2 n23*r!g@tti'Z2r-int@r

6# [rn! tao '7i n!uy0n JiKu 9# Xc khO nhi0n JiKu

@# Xr ,hn n! ti sinh =# Thit


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hydocac


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:u t;nh n(y sg dn! xc tc com oxit G dfn!


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Phn 2 45a ch6n c-ng ngh!

>. E8 $*nh c*c c-ng ngh!

3e nhiu cn! n!hK sn xut MTBE .1i nhn! 4u nh48c 'im i0n! khi sg dn!cc n!un n!uy0n JiKu khc nhau# 3e th thy n! .iKc sg dn! cc cn! n!hK sgdn! n!un iso>. 45a ch6n c-ng ngh!

T ,hn tOch G t0n ce th thy n! ' sn xut MTBE .1i cn! sut J1n th;cn! n!hK sg dn! n!uy0n JiKu J( khO


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u 'imW

I!un n!uy0n JiKu ce sn

A chn Jc c&a ?u t;nh cao :u t;nh J(m .iKc Ji0n tc n0n d] d(n! t+ 'An! ho .( c5 !i1i ho#

IYn! sut thit


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*VT>W X0 VYn c 2` ZV>[W \Z*#T* I!uy]n ^hnh [iKu >n!


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Thuyt (nh $ V c-ng ngh!

^hO iso


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'A chuyn ho isoNn h8, mLtanoJ - >@ G 'y th, h, th '48c '4a san! th, ch4n! tch R66S#

Tfi 'y mLtanoJ '48c tch khvi n41c .( 'i J0n 'jnh th, mLtanoJ '48c n!4n! t

J(m mt .( tu/n ho(n . c}n! .1i mLtanoJ n!uy0n JiKu#

I41c thu G 'y th, ch4n! tch '48c @ G 'y th, n(y#

MTBE thu '48c s~ '48c '4a . >>. Tnh t8*n cHn :\ng "=t cht

[y chuyn sn xut MTBE t n!uy0n JiKu khO iso-W X0 VYn c 2@ ZV>[W \Z*#T* I!uy]n ^hnh [iKu >n!


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RkhFi J48n! ,hn tg c&a MTBE J( CCS

Bng K9 ThPnh *hn [h i-!'but2n nguCn ,iu

Th(nh ,h/n p th tOch

"so-


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cho ?a t;nh h, th mLtanoJ .( J48n! >@ Jy a ay )H`=)# )@ 66@@))22 k!wh



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X48n! mLtanoJ '4a .(o thit


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3n RpS Z32

ch4a ,hn n! ZMTBE ZML> ton! MTBE Z>@

>ay Z6 Z32

ch4a ,hn n! 6=9=9==

tOnh Z6 .( Z

+

2c

ta tOnh cn Nn h8, 32Jvn! iso 3

k!wh

- 3c drn! .bt cht 'i a !mW

>Nn h8, Jvn! 32sn ,hm ce cha iso 3

k!wh

>Nn h8, khO thi !i(u >@W ZkhO thi k!wh

Vby cn 3

n!uy0n JiKu Ziso-C2>3

sn ,hm ZkhO thi

TOnh ton cc khFi J48n! nh4 sauW

Ziso-C2>3

n!uy0n JiKuW

Ta ce ,hn n!W

iso-32>6` iso-32>C >@ RS

X48n! iso-32>C c/n tfo a G !iai 'ofn dLhydo hea ' t7n! h8, '48c @======C

k!wh MTBE nh4 ta ' tOnhW )6CC2H kmoJwh#

\hn n! dLhydo hea RS th+c hiKn ton! dy chuyn 'ft 'A chuyn hea H`p tinh

thLo iso-6`c/n ' dLhydo hea c/n J(W



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$%&'()*+',-

$*.'.%(=

kmoJwh#

V; 'A chuyn hea c&a RS 'ft H`p .by J48n! iso-32>6`n!uy0n cht c/n '4a .(o

dy chuyn J(W346,571

0,5=693,142 kmol /h

X48n! iso-32>6`crn Jfi khn! chuyn hoW

)29H=6 )6CC2H @==@9 kmoJwh

Zi sg iso-32>6` chj tham !ia cc ,hn n! ,h cackin!W

iso-32>6` 3@>9 3@>2 R6Sx RkmoJwhS x x

iso-32>6` 3>2 3)>9 R@S

x RkmoJwhS x x

'5n !in ta !i sg cc ,hn n! R6S .( R@S xy a .1i tFc 'A nh4 nhau ti0u th

J48n! iso-32>6`nh4 nhau cc ,hn n! ce hiKu sut nh4 nhau .( 6` ti0u th cho mNi ,hn n! J(W

27,726

2=x=13,863 kmol/h

I!uy0n JiKu iso-32>6` chj chim 6p th tOch

Vby J48n! khO iso-32>6`n!uy0n JiKu c/n '4a .(o J(W

Ziso-6`2

>3

n!uy0n JiKu

9H=966`

62@9)==

kmoJwh

Bng Q9 ThPnh *hn vP [h4i ,>?ng [h i-!'A1%nguCn ,iu >2 vP!

*T

T

T0n cu tg p kmoJwh k!wh

*VT>W X0 VYn c 2= ZV>[W \Z*#T* I!uy]n ^hnh [iKu >n!


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6

@

)

2H

"so-C 3)>9 >@ R)S

6H@)2 =96= =96=

n-32>6` n-32>C >@ R2S

2H=`) @@CH@ @@CH@

X48n! 3)>C tham !ia ,hn n! R)S J(W =96= kmoJwh#

X48n! n-32>C tham !ia ,hn n! R2S J(W @@CH@ kmoJwh

[rn! .bt cht 'i a khvi thit CW J( J48n! "so- 32>Ctfo aW )6CC2H kmoJwh 6=CHH)@ k!wh- "so- 32>6`W


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)29H=6 kmoJwh @`6`66@ k!wh

- n-32>6` W C W @ 3>2 3@>2 3@>9 >@* .( MLca,tan khFi J48n! .(

th(nh ,h/n hNn h8, khO thi nh4 sauW

>@J( t7n! J48n! khO thi tfo a do cc ,hn n! RS R)S .( R2S 2W J( J48n! tfo a do ,hn n! R@S J(W

6)C9) kmoJwh @@6C`C k!wh#

- 3@>2W J( J48n! 3@>2tfo a do ,hn n! R6SW

6)C9) kmoJwh )9`2)C k!wh#

- 3@>9W J( J48n! 3@>9 tfo a do ,hn n! R6SW

6)C9) kmoJwh 26HC k!wh

Bng S9 ThPnh *hn vP [h4i ,>?ng [h c2 h\n h?* -n *h]3 i-!'but@n

Th(nh ,h/n p th tOch ^moJwh ^!wh

iso-32>C @C``6 )6CC2H 6=CHH)@



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iso-32>6`

n-32>6`

n-32>C

3)>C

3)>9

3

+

H

>@

3>2

3@>23@>9

)`2)H

@``=

@)2@

`9CC6CC9

`))2

)`9=9

6@6=

6@6=

6@6=

)29H=6

@@CH@

@999

=96=@62C

)C`C

)2)62

6)C9)

6)C9)

6)C9)

@`6`66@

6)@H269

62@9

))H62C`@69

@=26=9

9C9@C

@@6C`C

)9`2)C

26HC

T7n! 6`` 66)C=)9 2)C)`92

Ton! 'e @ 36 3@ ce khFi J48n! J(

699=92 k!wh

>Nn h8, crn Jfi J( drn! n!uy0n JiKu 'i .(o ,h/n t7n! h8, MTBE# Thay Z 6

2@@CC9) k!wh .(o ,h45n! t;nh cn n!


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ZML> ton! MTBE @====C

Z>@

6`2C)9

ZkhO thi 699=92T7n! H2299C6C T7n! H22999C9

TVnh %ng ngu&?n %iu mSi cEn 8hiJ8 Ca v!o M& chu&\n:

^hO PaQQinat-@ sau khi thu hi '48c 'Lm xg J Jofi cc cu tg cha oxi nh4W

mLtanoJ MTBE >@ R.1i J48n! nhvS Jofi ,o,an .( ,o,yJLn### ' 'ft ti0u chun

nh4 khO iso-


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T7n! 6`` )C`C2= @@``H))9

Ziso-6`2

>3

n!uy0n JiKu m1i @@``H))9 k!wh#

2. Tnh t8*n cHn :\ng "=t cht ch8 tht :] &h%n Nng thN nht

^hi cn C ML> MTBE

)6CC2H kmoJwh

X48n! MTBE tfo a J(W

ZMTBE `CH#)6CC2H @=6`6C kmoJwh

X48n! "so-32>Ccrn Jfi ch4a ,hn n! J(W 2@C@= kmoJwh

X48n! mLtanoJ ch4a ,hn n! J(W @HH`=9C k!wh

3c cu tg khc khn! tham !ia ,hn n!

3c cu tg khn! tham !ia ,hn n! ton! thit C

MLtanoJ

MTBE

6=CHH)@

66@@))22

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Ton! ?u t;nh hydo ho iso-@tinh khit hoc cho cc x4Gn! sn xut 'iKn#

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Thuyt minh Jfi dy chuynW

I!uy0n JiKu iso-n!


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thiết kế dây chuyền sản xuất mtbe từ iso-butan.docx

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