this is a preview of asce 15-98. click here to purchase ...€¦ · this publication, standard...

This is a preview of "ASCE 15-98". Click here to purchase the full version from the ANSI store.

https://webstore.ansi.org/Standards/ASCE/ASCE1598?source=preview

ASCE 15-98

American Society of Civil Engineers

Standard Practice for DirectDesign of Buried Precast

Concrete Pipe Using StandardInstallations (SIDD)

This document uses both Système International (SI) units and customary units.

Published by the American Society of Civil Engineers1801 Alexander Bell Drive

Reston, Virginia 20191-4400



ABSTRACTThis publication, Standard Practice for Direct Design of Bur-ied Precast Concrete Pipe Using Standard Installations(SIDD), (ASCE 15-98), is applicable to buried concrete pre-cast pipe intended for the conveyance of sewage, industrialwaste, storm water, and drainage. The standard practicecovers the direct design method, manufacturing specification,and standard installations. It is based on research and testingover the past twenty years to develop a more rational designprocedure for the direct design of buried concrete pipe basedon engineering principles followed for the direct design ofother reinforced concrete members. The direct design methodis an improvement on the indirect design method based onthe three-edge bearing test which does not represent the soilpressure distribution around an installed pipe. The soil pres-sure distribution on a buried pipe depends on soil-pipe inter-action, which in turn depends on the soil material and instal-lation procedure. The direct design method provides theprocedure for determining the pressure distribution coeffi-cients for the standard installations. Four types of standardembankment installations and four types of standard trenchinstallations are covered in the standard. The limits state de-sign procedure specified for the design of pipe is consistentwith the procedures outlined in Section 17 of the AASHTOStandard Specifications for Highway Bridges. The commen-tary provides supporting background data.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Standard practice for direct design of buried precast concretepipe using standard installations (SIDD)

p. cm.— (ASCE standards)ISBN 0-7844-0471-21. Pipe, Concrete—Design—Data processing.

2. Precast concrete. 3. Soil-structure interaction.I. American Society of Civil Engineers. Direct Design ofBuried Concrete Pipe Standards Committee.

TA447 .S73 2000621.8'672—dc21

00-038952

Photocopies. Authorization to photocopy material for internalor personal use under circumstances not falling within the fairuse provisions of the Copyright Act is granted by ASCE tolibraries and other users registered with the Copyright Clear-ance Center (CCC) Transactional Reporting Service, pro-vided that the base fee of $8.00 per article plus $.50 per pageis paid directly to CCC, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA01923. The identification for ASCE Books is 0-7844-0471-2/00/$8.00 + $.50 per page. Requests for special permissionor bulk copying should be addressed to Permissions & Copy-right Dept., ASCE.

Copyright © 2000 by the American Society of Civil Engineers.All Rights Reserved.Library of Congress Catalog Card No: 00-038952ISBN 0-7844-0471-2Manufactured in the United States of America.



STANDARDS

In April 1980, the Board of Direction approvedASCE Rules for Standards Committees to govern thewriting and maintenance of standards developed bythe Society. All such standards are developed by aconsensus standards process managed by the Man-agement Group F (MGF), Codes and Standards. Theconsensus process includes balloting by the balancedstandards committee made up of Society membersand nonmembers, balloting by the membership ofASCE as a whole, and balloting by the public. Allstandards are updated or reaffirmed by the same pro-cess at intervals not exceeding 5 years.

The following Standards have been issued.

ANSI/ASCE 1-82 N-725 Guideline for Design andAnalysis of Nuclear Safety Related EarthStructures

ANSI/ASCE 2-91 Measurement of Oxygen Transferin Clean Water

ANSI/ASCE 3-91 Standard for the Structural Designof Composite Slabs and ANSI/ASCE 9-91 Stan-dard Practice for the Construction and Inspectionof Composite Slabs

ASCE 4-98 Seismic Analysis of Safety-Related Nu-clear Structures

Building Code Requirements for Masonry Structures(ACI 530-99/ASCE 5-99/TMS 402-99) andSpecifications for Masonry Structures (ACI530.1-99/ASCE 6-99/TMS 602-99)

ASCE 7-98 Minimum Design Loads for Buildingsand Other Structures

ANSI/ASCE 8-90 Standard Specification for theDesign of Cold-Formed Stainless Steel StructuralMembers

ANSI/ASCE 9-91 listed with ASCE 3-91ASCE 10-97 Design of Latticed Steel Transmission

StructuresSEI/ASCE 11-99 Guideline for Structural Condition

Assessment of Existing Buildings

ANSI/ASCE 12-91 Guideline for the Design ofUrban Subsurface Drainage

ASCE 13-93 Standard Guidelines for Installation ofUrban Subsurface Drainage

ASCE 14-93 Standard Guidelines for Operation andMaintenance of Urban Subsurface Drainage

ASCE 15-98 Standard Practice for Direct Design ofBuried Precast Concrete Pipe Using StandardInstallations (SIDD)

ASCE 16-95 Standard for Load and ResistanceFactor Design (LRFD) of Engineered WoodConstruction

ASCE 17-96 Air-Supported StructuresASCE 18-96 Standard Guidelines for In-Process

Oxygen Transfer TestingASCE 19-96 Structural Applications of Steel Cables

for BuildingsASCE 20-96 Standard Guidelines for the Design and

Installation of Pile FoundationsASCE 21-96 Automated People Mover Standards—

Part 1ASCE 21-98 Automated People Mover Standards—

Part 2SEI/ASCE 23-97 Specification for Structural Steel

Beams with Web OpeningsSEI/ASCE 24-98 Flood Resistant Design and

ConstructionASCE 25-97 Earthquake-Actuated Automatic Gas

Shut-Off DevicesASCE 26-97 Stapdard Practice for Design of Buried

Precast Concrete Box SectionsASCE 27-00 Standard Practice for Direct Design of

Precast Concrete Pipe for Jacking in TrenchlessConstruction

ASCE 28-00 Standard Practice for Direct Design ofPrecast Concrete Box Sections for Jacking inTrenchless Construction

iii



This page intentionally left blank



FOREWORD

The material presented in this publication has on the part of the American Society of Civil Engi-been prepared in accordance with recognized engineers, or of any other person named herein, that thisneering principles. This Standard and Commentary information is suitable for any general or particularshould not be used without first securing competent use or promises freedom from infringement of anyadvice with respect to their suitability for any given patent or patents. Anyone making use of this infor-application. The publication of the material contained mation assumes all liability from such use.herein is not intended as a representation or warranty

v



ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The American Society of Civil Engineers(ASCE) acknowledges the work of the Direct Designof Buried Concrete Pipe Standards Committee of theManagement Group F, Codes and Standards. Thisgroup comprises individuals from many backgroundsincluding: consulting engineering, research, construc-tion industry, education, government, design and

private practice.The Standard was prepared through the consen-

sus standards process by balloting in compliance withprocedures of ASCE's Management Group F, Codesand Standards. Those individuals who serve on theStandards Committee are:

Richard P. B aide winJosiah W. BeakleyMike BealeyMatthew J. BinderJoseph A. BohinskyThomas K. BreitfussLeo BrooksDennis L. BunkeEric A. CarletonOliver Delery, Jr.Jeffrey I. EnyartR. Hartley FieldFouad H. FouadFrank J. HegerJames J. HillIraj I. Kaspar

Kenneth K. KienowLeonard L. KleinJohn M. KurdzielJohn O. LaneKelley LloydJ. Wayne MacLeanMichael C. McVayKenneth F. MillerWallace J. MundenMichael MurphyMasanori Nagami, ChairCharles R. NelsonJohn L. NiklausDavid NishimuraJames A. NystromGerald R. Price

Mark W. SchumacherErnest T. SeligDaniel N. ShortBalaram K. SinghRobert F. SpiekermanLee E. Stockton, Vice ChairRichard A. SwensonCharles M. TaylorAlbert T. TungAdrianus VanKampen, SecretaryJack C. WilliamsJames L. WithiamShig YonamineaJoseph P. Zicaro

vii



CONTENTS

PART I. GENERAL1.0 Scope 12.0 Applicable Documents 1

2.1 ASTM I2.2 AASHTO 1

3.0 Definitions 24.0 Notations 25.0 Summary of Practice 3

PART II. DIRECT DESIGN METHOD USING STANDARD INSTALLATIONS6.0 General 87.0 Design Requirements 88.0 Materials 9

8.1 Concrete 98.2 Reinforcement 9

9.0 Loads 99.1 Dead Loads 99.2 Live Loads 109.3 Intermittent Internal Hydrostatic Pressure 10

10.0 Standard Installations 1011.0 Pressure Distribution and Stress Analysis 1112.0 Reinforcement 11

12.2 Minimum Reinforcement 1112.3 Maximum Flexural Reinforcement 1112.4 Crack Control 1212.5 Shear Strength 1212.6 Stirrups 1312.7 Welds, Splices, and Development of Reinforcement 14

13.0 Pipe Designation 14

PART III. CONSTRUCTION OF SOIL/PRECAST CONCRETE PIPE SYSTEMS14.0 General 1515.0 Safety 1516.0 Excavation 1517.0 Foundation 1518.0 Bedding 1519.0 Pipe Placement and Joining 1620.0 Haunch 1621.0 Lower Side 1622.0 Overfill 1623.0 Sheathing Removal and Trench Shield Advancement 1724.0 Precast Concrete Appurtenances 1725.0 Minimum Cover for Construction Loads 17

APPENDIX A: MANUFACTURING SPECIFICATION

APPENDIX B: SI UNITS FOR NOTATION AND EQUATIONSBl.O Scope 19



BURIED PRECAST CONCRETE PIPE USING STANDARD INSTALLATIONS

B2.0 Standard Practice—SI Conversions 1912.0 Reinforcement 20

12.1 2012.2 Minimum Reinforcement 2012.3 Maximum Flexural Reinforcement 20

12.3.1 Limited by radial tension 2012.3.2 Limited by concrete compression 20

12.4 Crack Control 2112.5 Shear Strength 2112.6 Stirrups 22

12.6.2 Radial tension stirrups 2212.6.3 Shear stirrups 2212.6.4 Extent of stirrups '. 22

COMMENTARY

PART I. GENERALCl.O Scope 23C2.0 Applicable Documents 23C2.1 ASTM Standards 23C3.0 Definitions '. 23C4.0 Notations 23C5.0 Summary of Practice 23

PART II. DESIGNC6.0 General 24C7.0 Design Requirements 25C9.0 Loads 26C10.0 Standard Installations 29Cl l .O Pressure Distribution 30C12.0 Reinforcement 31C13.0 Pipe Designation 37C18.0 Bedding 37

INDEX 39

LIST OF FIGURES3.6-1 Pipe/installation terminology 25.2-1 Standard embankment installations 45.2-2 Standard trench installations 55.3-1 Arching coefficients and Heger earth pressure distribution 718.1-1 Uniform pipe support 15

LIST OF TABLES5.2-1 Standard embankment installation soils and minimum compaction requirements 65.2-2 Standard trench installation soils and minimum compaction requirements 610.2-1 Equivalent USCS and AASHTO soil classifications for SIDD soil designations 1012.4-1 Crack control coefficients 12



Standard Practice for Direct Design of Buried PrecastConcrete Pipe Using Standard Installations (SIDD)PART I. GENERAL

1.0 SCOPE

1.1 This standard practice covers the direct design ofburied precast concrete pipe using Standard Installa-tions manufactured in accordance with ASTM C1417, and the design and construction of the soil/pipeinteraction system, intended for the conveyance ofsewage, industrial wastes, storm water, and drainage.

1.2 When buried, concrete pipe is part of a compos-ite system comprised of the pipe and the surroundingsoil envelope, which interact and contribute to thestrength and structural behavior of the system.

1.3 Part II of this standard practice presents theSIDD method for buried precast concrete pipe. SIDDis a design and analysis method that accounts for theinteraction between the pipe and soil envelope in de-termining loads, pressure distributions, moment,thrust and shear in the pipe, and includes a procedurefor calculating the required reinforcement.

1.4 Part III of this standard practice presents con-struction requirements for precast concrete pipe de-signed by the SIDD method.

1.5 This standard practice may be used as a referenceby the owner and the owner's engineer in preparingproject specifications based on the SIDD method.

1.6 The design procedures given in this standardpractice are intended for use by engineers who arefamiliar with the installation and pipe characteristicsthat affect the structural behavior of buried concretepipe installations and the significance of the installa-tion requirements associated with each Standard In-stallation type. Before applying the design proceduresgiven in Part II, the engineer should review the guid-ance and requirements given in other sections of thisstandard practice and its accompanying commentary.

1.7 The values of dimensions and quantities are ex-pressed in inch-pound (English) units, which are tobe regarded as standard. English unit values are con-verted to SI unit values, which are presented in pa-rentheses or a section following the English units.For clarity, Appendix B repeats the notation and con-tains the full translation of equations to SI units. The

use of SI units is in accord with ASTM PracticeE 380. SI units expressed in parentheses and in Ap-pendix B are supplied for information only and arenot a part of this standard practice.

Note 1: Some of the applicable standards referencedmay have a double designation (Axxx/AxxxM) orseparate inch-pound (English) and SI (metric) uniteditions. Only the inch-pound unit edition of a stan-dard is listed in this practice. If the practice is usedin an SI unit design, the user should investigatewhether separate SI unit editions of the referencedstandards are available.

2.0 APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS

2.1 ASTM (AMERICAN SOCIETY FORTESTING AND MATERIALS)

2.1.1 C 822 Definitions of Concrete Pipe and RelatedProducts

2.1.2 C 1417 Specifications for Manufacture of Rein-forced Concrete Sewer, Storm Drain, and CulvertPipe for Direct Design

2.1.3 D 2487 Classification of Soils for EngineeringPurposes

2.1.4 D 2488 Recommended Practice for Descriptionof Soils (Visual Manual and Procedure)

2.1.5 D 698 Moisture-Density Relations of Soils andSoil-Aggregate Mixtures Using 5.5 Ib Rammer and12 in. Drop

2.1.6 D 1557 Moisture-Density Relations of Soils andSoil-Aggregate Mixtures Using 10 Ib Rammer and18 in. Drop

2.1.7 E 380 Standard Practice for Use of the Interna-tional System of Units (SI) the Modernized MetricSystem

2.2 AASHTO (AMERICAN ASSOCIATIONOF STATE HIGHWAY ANDTRANSPORTATION OFFICIALS)

2.2.1 Standard Specifications for Highway Bridges

1

