this water system plan for the city of kent has been

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Chapter 6: Operation and Maintenance Program

Operations and Maintenance (O&M) plays a crucial role in a utility’s capacity to provide a safe and reliable source of potable water. A diligent preventive maintenance program will prolong the life of a water system and increase its reliability. The climate in which utilities now operate is fundamentally different than that of 20 or even 10 years ago. Increasing regulatory standards, increasing operational costs, and aging infrastructure now demand that water utilities have in place an organized, efficient, and pragmatic operation and maintenance program.

This chapter outlines the overall operations of the City of Ocean Shores’ water system and provides a summary of day-to-day operations, routine maintenance of the system, and emergency operating procedures. Detailed information related to specific facilities such as operation manuals are not included herein, but are considered an integral part of overall system operation and maintenance. Similarly, the City has prepared a water system vulnerability assessment and maintains a City-wide Emergency Response Plan that includes the water system.

6.1 WATER DEPARTMENT GENERAL INFORMATION City Water Department Contact Information: Lee Fundenberger

Waterworks Utility Superintendent P. O. Box 909 165 Ocean Lake Way SE Ocean Shores, WA 98569 www.osgov.com (360) 289-2754

State Department of Health Identification Number: 63008

US EPA Water System Number: WA5312800

State Department of Health Contact Person: Teresa Walker, P.E. SW Drinking Water Regional Operations Regional Engineer 243 Israel Road SE Tumwater, WA 98501 [email protected] Phone: (360)236-3032 Fax: (360)664-8058

6.2 WATER SYSTEM ORGANIZATION, MANAGEMENT, AND PERSONNEL The overall chain of command that governs the decision making process for the water system is shown on Figure 6-1. The duties and responsibilities of the positions identified in the figure are as follows:

City Council: These individuals have administrative authority for any major changes to the water system or any major expenditure related to updating or changing the water system.

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Chapter 6 City of Ocean Shores Operation & Maintenance Program Water System Plan

They are not involved in the day-to-day operation of the water system, but are kept apprised of water system status operational issues as appropriate through regular reports from the Public Works Director.

Public Works Advisory Committee: The Public Works Advisory Committee acts in an advisory capacity to the City Council, the Mayor, and the professional staff of the Public Works Department. The Committee is comprised of five members appointed by the Mayor and the Public Works Director and confirmed by the City Council. After appointment, the Committee members meet regularly in accordance with the bylaws governing the committee’s operations regarding public works within the City.

Public Works Director: The Public Works Director oversees all water system, wastewater system, transportation, and building projects within the City and provides regular reports to the Public Works Advisory Committee and City Council.

Waterworks Utility Superintendent: This individual oversees the general operation of the water system and wastewater system.

Operator-in-Charge/Water System Manager (WSM): This individual is responsible for all operations of the Water Department and oversees the daily duties of both plant operators and the distribution maintenance personnel. He is the operator of record with the Department of Health. The Water System Manager is required, as a minimum, to hold and maintain State of Washington Department of Health Water Treatment Plant Operator 2 and Water Distribution Manager 2 certifications.

Crew Chief: This individual directs and instructs water treatment plant operators, performs the most difficult, as well as the regular and recurring troubleshooting, maintenance, installation and/or repair work of the treatment facility, schedules and allocates work, and checks in-progress and finished work for completeness and quality.

Treatment Operators: Treatment operators work under the supervision of the Operator-in-Charge performing routine daily plant work, laboratory analysis, records, facility checks, etc. They also maintain the Cross-Connection Control Program in the distribution system. The position requires a State of Washington Department of Health Water Treatment Plant Operator 1 certification.

Distribution Maintenance and Service Personnel: These workers operate and maintain the water distribution system. They perform system fieldwork including repair of damaged facilities, installation of new facilities, maintenance, meter reading, locating, etc.

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City of Ocean Shores Chapter 6 Water System Plan Operation & Maintenance Program

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The following functions are of specific importance to water system operations and the position responsible for the each of them is given below. It has been noted which functions must be done by specifically qualified and licensed or certified personnel.

Normal day-to-day operations: Water System Manager Preventative maintenance: Distribution Maintenance Personnel Field engineering: Water System Manager/Waterworks Utility Superintendent Water Quality Monitoring: Water System Manager Emergency response: Water System Manager Cross-connection control: Plant Operator (Cross-Connection Control Specialist) Implementation of system improvements: Water System Manager Budget formulation: Water System Manager Response to complaints: Water System Manager/Waterworks Utility Superintendent/Crew

Chief/Distribution Maintenance Personnel Public/press contact: Director of Public Works Billing: Utility Billing Supervisor (part of the Finance Department) Submission of State Reports: Signed and submitted by the Water System Manager

6.3 PERSONNEL CERTIFICATIONS Required certification for water system personnel and the current status of the person holding each position are listed in Table 6-1.

TABLE 6-1: OPERATOR CERTIFICATION REQUIREMENTS & STATUS

Position Certification Level Required1

Current Person in Position

Current Certification(s)

Water System Manager WTPO 2 Matt Tobert WTPO 2 WDM 2 WDM 2

Water Treatment Crew Chief WTPO 2 Lee Fundenberger WTPO 2 Lead Plant Operator WTPO 2 Steve Wilme WTPO 2

Plant Operator, Water Distribution Specialist

WTPO 1 Rhett Quinn WTPO 1 WDS WDS1

Plant Operator WTPO 1 Marlin White WTPO 1 Notes: 1 Information obtained from Department of Health Individual System Review CCCS = Cross Connection Control Specialist WTPO = Water Treatment Plant Operator WDM = Water Distribution Manager WDS = Water Distribution Specialist

Ocean Shores advocates ongoing training to ensure that certified operators comply with professional growth requirements.

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City of Ocean Shores Chapter 6 Water System Plan Operation & Maintenance Program 6.4 SAFETY PROCEDURES Water Department operations are conducted in accordance with all relevant OSHA/WISHA safety requirements. Personnel are required to follow procedures that meet or exceed those requirements. Areas of potential workplace hazards which have been identified are as follows:

Confined Space hazards – primarily atmospheric or oxygen deficiency Electrical, mechanical, and energy hazards Hazardous chemicals and materials Asbestos pipe hazards Fall hazards Excavation hazards Equipment operation hazards Lockout/tag out for pump station repairs and maintenance

The City has compiled programs to ensure the safety of its employees and citizens. Employees are thoroughly trained in each of the safety programs as applicable to their job duties and there are daily safety tailgate meetings with crews by Field Supervisors to review specific safety procedures for the scheduled tasks and assignments. First Aid training is required for all employees and First Aid equipment (10 unit packs) are maintained in all vehicles and at major facilities.

The most evident safety issue for the water system is chlorine gas and potassium permanganate handling. The following paragraphs detail safety procedures for these chemicals. Material safety data sheets for all materials/chemicals are kept on file at the WTP.

6.4.1 Chlorine Gas (Cl2) Ocean Shores chlorinates water as the final step in treatment and chlorine contact processes, which are achieved in the 3.0-MG tank prior to the distribution system. The chlorine gas handling area is one of the most hazardous locations at a WTP. The danger lies in chlorine’s ability to cause respiratory problems and rapid corrosion of materials and surfaces it contacts. It irritates the mucous membranes, the respiratory system, and the skin. Liquid chlorine will cause severe burns when it comes in contact with the eyes or skin. Exposure to high concentrations for a prolonged period can be fatal, so extreme caution is always practiced.

The Ocean Shores WTP is equipped with two leak containment containers (ChlorTainer®) for 150-lb chlorine gas cylinders. This provides for primary containment of the cylinders while they are in active use. Specific training is required for loading, unloading, and operating the container, along with specific emergency response procedures in the event of a cylinder leak.

Each of the three tank site pump stations (North, Central, and South) is equipped with 150-lb gas chlorinator cylinders to supplement the residual chlorine concentrations in the distribution system. The three facilities consist of external chlorinator cabinets in fiberglass enclosures adjacent to the pump station buildings.

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Chlorine gas and associated facilities are handled with extreme care. The City maintains detailed procedures designed to protect staff from potential harmful effects of working with or near chlorine gas and other hazardous materials.

6.4.2 Potassium Permanganate (KMnO4) Potassium permanganate (KMnO4) is one of the chemicals being handled by WTP staff. Potassium permanganate is noncombustible, but may react spontaneously if exposed to intense heat and will increase the flammability of combustible materials.

Exposure and health concerns are as follows:

Inhalation of airborne dust may irritate and cause damage to the respiratory tract. Prolonged contact with low concentration solutions at room temperature may be

irritating to the skin. Highly concentrated solutions at elevated temperature are corrosive to the skin.

Potassium permanganate is corrosive to eye tissue on contact. If ingested, KMnO4 may cause severe burns to mucous membranes of the mouth,

throat, esophagus, and stomach.

For these reasons, KMnO4 needs to be stored separately in a well-ventilated, dry area that is temperature-controlled. Additionally, when handling the KMnO4, ensure that proper eye, skin, and breathing safety equipment is used.

Potassium permanganate and associated facilities are handled with extreme care. The City maintains detailed procedures designed to protect staff from potential harmful effects of working with or near KMnO4 and other hazardous materials.

The following chemicals used by the water system are listed in Table 6-2:

TABLE 6-2: CHEMICAL INVENTORY

Chlorine Gas Sodium Hydroxide

Potassium Permanganate Ascorbic Acid

Sodium and Calcium Hypochlorite Sodium Thiosulfate

Hydrochloric Acid Various Laboratory Reagents

The Material Safety Data Sheets for these chemicals are on file at the office located at the WTP.

6.5 ROUTINE SYSTEM OPERATION The City of Ocean Shores maintains a detailed O&M program to ensure proper operation of all mechanical facilities and maximize the efficiency and life of the system. Routine operations include: daily rounds of physical inspection; reading and testing flow monitoring devices on a regular basis;

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City of Ocean Shores Chapter 6 Water System Plan Operation & Maintenance Program servicing and repairing mains; meter repairs, calibration, and replacement; and investigating customer inquiries or complaints. Additionally, preventative maintenance, such as regularly servicing motors, exercising valves and hydrants, cleaning and painting tanks, and flushing pipeline, is performed to ensure adequate maintenance of the system. The following paragraphs generally outline routine operations and maintenance practices and schedules for primary system components.

6.5.1 Supply Wells The supply wells are visited daily to check security, monitor source quality and quantity, and verify site conditions. Water quality monitoring as described later in this chapter is also accomplished during these site visits.

6.5.2 Pump Stations

6.5.2.1 Distribution Pumps Two distribution pumps at the WTP pump water from the 3.0-MG tank into the distribution system. SCADA controls start and stop the pumps as needed to maintain system pressures and distribution tank levels. One of the distribution pumps is operated as a single-speed single pump, which is called on to run when the remote tank level drops below a set point. The other pump is a variable speed pump and operates by maintaining a set output pressure. The pumps are inspected daily to verify proper operation. Pump data is recorded by the operational SCADA system and monitored to identify any irregularities in the system.

6.5.2.2 Tank Site Pump Stations The three storage tank site pump stations (North, Central, and South) are controlled by the SCADA system, and maintain system pressures measured at the discharge point of each station. The North and South pump stations each have three domestic service pumps and two diesel-driven fire pumps. The Central pump stations are equipped with two domestic service pumps. Pumping capacities are provided in Chapter 5. Depending on the time of year and water system demands, pump stations alternate between lead and lag configuration to encourage circulation of water and avoid water stagnation in the distribution storage tanks. A more detailed description of operational settings and strategies can be found in the SCADA O&M documents. Pump stations are inspected daily to verify site conditions, security, and proper operation of all equipment.

The 3.0-MG tank is located at the WTP site receives treated water from TP 2 and provides the required chlorine contact time. Water level in the tank is lower than the

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hydraulic grade of the system and all of the water is pumped into the system through the two distribution pumps.

6.5.2.3 Distribution Storage Tanks The three distribution storage tanks (North, Central and South) each have a total capacity of 1.0 MG. Water is pumped from the 3.0-MG tank to the storage tanks and pumped again into the system through the on-site pump stations. All three tanks are used at full capacity during high-demand seasons. During low-demand seasons, one of the tanks is drawn down in response to lower water system demands and to maintain higher water quality through the system by reducing water age.

Detailed information on tank materials and capacities is shown in Table 6-3. All tanks are monitored regularly for chlorine residuals, daily or weekly, to assure frequent water turnover and avoid stagnation. Pump start and stop set points are set to assure frequent water level cycling The storage tanks are drained periodically for maintenance or repair and are cleaned, disinfected, and sampled for bacteriological or VOC contaminants before being returned to service, in accordance with AWWA and DOH Standards.

TABLE 6-3: STORAGE TANKS

Capacities & Locations Materials

3.0 MG Steel

1.0 MG – North Concrete

1.0 MG South Concrete

1.0 MG Central Steel

6.5.3 Meter Reading Source, pump station, and tank meters are read each weekday on a regular schedule when online. The meters are calibrated every five years. The Water Department has remote totalizer reading with its SCADA system, which allows system-wide totals to be obtained at a preset time, even on weekends and holidays. This allows better recordkeeping of production and demand, as well as enhancing daily demand planning during peak periods.

6.6 PREVENTATIVE MAINTENANCE Ocean Shores maintains a strong preventive maintenance program that emphasizes maintenance in a regularly scheduled and timely manner. The proactive approach to the system maintenance

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City of Ocean Shores Chapter 6 Water System Plan Operation & Maintenance Program program is designed to maximize the useful life of all water system facilities and avoid emergency conditions wherever possible.

6.6.1 Fire Hydrants All fire hydrants are inspected at least once per year. During the brushing and painting process in the late spring and early summer, hydrants are inspected for performance. Operating mechanisms are exercised with all ports capped to ensure easy opening and closing. If there is a problem, the location and problem are noted and recorded for the needed repairs. This has proven an effective way to keep the hydrants in working order.

Regular hydrant maintenance includes:

Removing the vegetation around the hydrant for easy exposure and access Removing and lubricating all port caps Checking gaskets to ensure a good seal Replacing caps and testing the hydrant for ease of operation Lubricating the operating stem Painting as needed

6.6.2 Meters – Three Inches and Larger In accordance with the City Municipal Code, “The city shall at its own expense inspect and test its meters as required to ensure a high standard of accuracy.”

Meters will be replaced on an as-needed basis or if a meter fails to register or appears to be erroneous. The code also states that a customer may request a meter be replaced if they suspect erroneous or inaccurate readings. The meter will be sent to a certified meter testing facility and if it shows signs of deficiency, the City will pay for the test and replace the meter. If the meter is found to be working correctly, the customer must pay for the test. Records are kept of all services and meters installed, listing meter type, materials used, size of the meter, serial number, and installed location.

Per Chapter 7, CIP, the existing large commercial meters need replacing due to signs of deterioration.

6.6.3 Water Mains and Dead End Mains Water mains and dead end mains require periodic maintenance and flushing to maintain water quality. Dead end mains are typically flushed annually. Stagnant water has been an ongoing issue historically and flushing is accomplished as needed on mains with stagnant water and dead end mains. Additionally, water mains are flushed as necessitated by customer complaints, pipeline repairs, or other operations that may result in water quality degradation. The City maintains a record of all flushing operations to assist with the

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determination of authorized consumption and long-range system distribution leakage monitoring.

6.6.4 Pump Stations Pumps are serviced regularly and are determined by hours of service and manufacturers’ recommendations.

As noted in the Capital Improvements Program (CIP) contained in Chapter 7, the existing fixed-speed pump starters need replacing with VFDs at the North, South, and Central tank site pump stations and the Central tank site pump station needs a generator for permanent installation and structural supports. The diesel fuel storage tanks at the North and South pump stations are in need of seismic analyses and corrective improvements. Additional distribution pumps will be needed prior to 2033, when the projected MDD of the system exceeds the 1,700 gpm capacity of the existing pumps, by 91 gpm. (See Table 5-1). However, if the new transmission main, discussed in Chapter 5, is built, a new transmission pump (or pumps) would be installed for that system, eliminating the need to upgrade the existing distribution pumps.

6.6.5 Storage Tanks During the tank cleaning process, the inspectors look for degradation through tension cracks, expansion joints, welds, and pipe penetrations. Tanks are then cleaned and spot-painted as required to prevent rusting or degradation of coatings. Once maintenance is completed, the reservoir is thoroughly disinfected before being placed back in service. Recoating of tanks is scheduled based on the results of periodic cleanings and inspections.

As noted in the CIP contained in Chapter 7, the Central tank’s exterior and interior will need to be re-coated and the 3.0-MG tank exterior will need to be re-coated within the next two years. The diesel fuel storage needs seismic improvements, and seismic isolation improvements are needed at the North and South tanks.

6.6.6 Valves System valves are exercised according to the manufacturer’s recommended standards and at least once per year. It is noted that all butterfly valves were replaced by gate valves in 2003. The City has accurate maps of the valve locations, which enables annual exercising of all valves in the system in a coordinated fashion and without duplication.

A maintenance routine has been developed to include the following:

Removing debris and vegetation from inside and around valve boxes Raising the boxes up to grade to allow easy access Exercising valves to ensure easy operation

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Records are kept on each valve installed in the system, which include its manufacturer, location of valve and when it was installed, date of last maintenance, next scheduled check, normal position of valve, and number of turns to open/close.

Chapter 7, CIP, lists sixteen 16-inch gate valves, on Marine View Drive and Fairwood Avenue that are inoperable due to the saline environment and need to be replaced. The isolation valves and flexible couplings at the North and South tanks also need replacement.

6.6.7 Telemetry The telemetry system employs primarily electronic components which require little maintenance other than calibration checks and battery replacement. The telemetry system is inspected annually. This includes inspecting all telemetry recording instruments, and mechanical flow meters. In addition, more frequent checks are made to monitor facilities having temporary problems. Emergency response equipment and spare parts inventory are also checked periodically.

6.7 EQUIPMENT INVENTORY A full array of heavy equipment, vehicles, and supplies are maintained to facilitate system operations, construct small system extensions and replacements, and respond to system breaks or emergency conditions. Key equipment includes the following:

Air compressor MIEX® regeneration equipment Chlorine residual analyzer Flow meters Chemical feed equipment Electrical equipment

An ongoing materials list and inventory is maintained by the Water Department for in-house needs and to assist with emergency response.

6.8 WATER QUALITY MONITORING PROGRAM Water quality monitoring and testing is required to meet regulatory requirements and ensure the quality of drinking water. Raw and finished water are monitored by City staff. Required chemical and organic compound analyses are accomplished by a certified testing laboratory that provides test results directly to DOH and the City. All water quality analysis results are also kept on file at the Water Treatment Plant. Monitoring results for lead/copper or synthetic organic susceptibility are mailed directly to the DOH Drinking Water Offices in Olympia.

All other records, such as metered source production, chemical usage, and treatment production are tabulated and submitted to DOH monthly.

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6.8.1 Existing Water Quality Active wells are monitored for water quality on an on-going basis and according to the monitoring requirements established in WAC 246-290-300. DOH currently requires that Wells 4, 9, 11, 12, and 13 be monitored for the primary and secondary contaminants listed in Table 6-4.

TABLE 6-4: CONTAMINANTS REQUIRING MONITORING

Primary Contaminants Secondary Contaminants

Coliform Bacteria Inorganic Chemicals

Primary Inorganic Chemical Iron

Volatile Organic Chemicals Manganese

Lead and Copper Color

Asbestos

Radionuclides

Active source wells have a moderate susceptibility rating. Since the new treatment plant and wells were brought online in May 2011, the City has had no water quality violations and has not exceeded MCLs.

Table 6-5 lists the required schedule for testing of various primary and secondary contaminants and indicates whether a State waiver has been granted for the compliance period 2011-2013.

TABLE 6-5: WATER QUALITY MONITORING FREQUENCY

Monitoring Group Test Panel Sample Location Schedule / Status

Asbestos ASB Distribution Collect 1 Asbestos sample in 2019

Bacteriological Coli Distribution See routine sample schedule

Dioxin Dioxin All Sources State Waiver thru Dec 2013

Endothall Endo All Sources State Waiver thru Dec 2013

EDB and other soil fumigants Fumigant S14 State Waiver thru Dec 2013

Glyphosate Glyphs All Sources State Waiver thru Dec 2013

Gross Alpha GROSS ALPHA S14 1 sample between Jan 2011 - Dec 2013

Halo-Acetic Acids HAA5 1 sample per treatment plant every 3 years

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TABLE 6-5: WATER QUALITY MONITORING FREQUENCY

Monitoring Group Test Panel Sample Location Schedule / Status

Herbicides Herbs S14 1 sample between Jan 2012 - Dec 2013

Insecticides Insect S14 Waiver granted - No sampling required thru Dec 2013

Inorganic Contaminants IOC S14 1 sample between Jan 2011 - Dec

2013

Lead/Copper1 LCR Distribution Set of 20 samples every 3 years City will sample next June.

Nitrate2 NIT S14 Collect 1 sample every year

General Pesticides Pest1 S14 1 sample between Jan 2012 - Dec 2013

Diquat Diquat All Sources Sate Waiver thru Dec 2013

Radium 228 Rad228 S14 1 sample between Jan 2012 - Dec 2013

Total Trihalomethane THM 1 sample per treatment plant every 3 years

Volatile Organic Contaminants VOC S14 1 sample between Jan 2012 - Dec

2013

Notes: 1 Based on the Water Quality Monitoring Report for the Year 2012 2 These contaminant monitoring groups do not have waiver options under the SDWA.

The City maintains Stage 2 Disinfection By-Product (DBP) Monitoring and remains in compliance for ongoing monitoring of DBPs. The City was granted reduced monitoring by DOH to collect two samples per quarter under the Stage 1 rule. When Stage 1 monitoring began in 2002, the City began collecting one sample at the treatment plant every three years. Based on the chlorination process and monitoring performed to date, it is unlikely that a DBP problem would develop in the system.

6.8.2 Consumer Confidence Reporting In accordance with the requirements of the U.S. EPA, the City prepares an annual water quality report or Consumer Confidence Report (CCR). A copy of this report is included in Appendix F.

6.8.3 Emerging Monitoring Requirements The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is currently reviewing the Fluoride Drinking Water Regulation (national primary and secondary drinking water regulations for fluoride) to determine if the current MCL standards require revision. The current MCL is 4 mg/L.

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Currently, the City samples for naturally occurring fluoride. The 2011 water quality sampling results for fluoride indicate that raw water sources have less than 0.2 mg/L, which is well below the 4 mg/L MCL set by the EPA. Fluoridation of drinking water is not required in Washington State and Ocean Shores does not add fluoride to its water.

6.9 CROSS-CONNECTION CONTROL Per WAC 246-290-490 the City of Ocean Shores Water Department is “responsible for cross-connection control. At a minimum the City of Ocean Shores shall adopt the ten elements detailed below as their cross-connection program.” These ten elements are listed in WAC 246-290-490. The City’s cross-connection control program has not been updated. It is recommended that the City adopt the following elements, as a minimum, for the cross-connection control program.

Element 1:

The City of Ocean Shores has established previsions in the Municipal Codes describing their legal authority to implement a cross-connection control program, the operating policies and technical provisions of the cross-connection control program, and the corrective actions to ensure compliance. The sections of the City of Ocean Shores Municipal Code pertaining to cross-connection control are as follows: 13.06.060, 13.06.140, 13.06.150, 13.06.160, 13.06.200, 13.06.250. To read these sections of the code, please refer to Appendix E.

Element 2:

Prior to providing service, all new service connections shall be evaluated by the cross-connection control specialist to ensure that no hazardous cross-connections exist. All existing services shall have an initial evaluation by the cross-connection control specialist within a timely manner. All service connections shall be reevaluated on a periodic basis at the discretion of the cross-connection control specialist and whenever a change is made in the use of the premises.

Element 3:

City Code 13.06.200 Section G states that there shall be no cross-connections in the water system. If a cross-connection cannot be removed, it must be controlled with an approved backflow prevention device that is commensurate with the degree of hazard posed by the cross-connection.

Backflow preventers shall be installed using installation procedures acceptable to the department. Installation procedures will allow the device to be installed in their approved orientation, which facilitates proper operation, maintenance, inspection, and testing, and is in compliance with all applicable safety regulations. Installation must ensure that the backflow preventer will not be submerged due to weather conditions.

Backflow preventers for premises isolation shall be installed at a location adjacent to the meter or property line or an acceptable alternative location.

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Backflow preventers shall be installed on new services after the completion of a test by a BAT which finds evidence of a cross-connection that cannot be removed.

Backflow preventers shall be installed on all existing connections that are identified as high health cross-connection hazards within ninety days. If the ninety-day requirement is not satisfactory to the City of Ocean Shores at the time of the hazardous connection identification, another time period acceptable to the City may be used.

Any bypass piping around an approved backflow prevention device shall be equipped with its own backflow preventer that will provide the same level of protection as the approved backflow device being bypassed.

Element 4:

The cross-connection control measures enacted by the City of Ocean Shores will be overseen by a state-certified cross-connection control (CCC) specialist employed by the City of Ocean Shores Water Department. Backflow device inspection is performed by the CCC specialist or a Backflow Assembly Tester (BAT).

Element 5:

A CCC specialist shall inspect backflow prevention installation to ensure that the protection provided by the device installed is commensurate with the degree of hazard assessed for the connection.

A CCC specialist or BAT shall inspect air gaps installed in lieu of backflow prevention assemblies for compliance with the approved air gap definition.

A CCC specialist or BAT shall inspect all backflow prevention assemblies for correct installation and approved status.

A BAT shall inspect approved backflow prevention assemblies for proper operation.

Inspections and/or tests of approved air gaps and backflow prevention assemblies will be conducted at the time of installation and on an annual basis. Inspections may be performed on a more frequent basis for assemblies that repeatedly fail or are servicing high hazard connections. Inspections shall also be performed after a backflow incident and after an assembly is repaired, reinstalled, or relocated, or an air gap is re-plumbed.

Atmospheric Vacuum Breakers (AVB) installed on irrigation systems shall be inspected at the time of installation; after a backflow incident; or after a repair, reinstallation, or relocation.

All testing of backflow prevention assemblies shall use procedures found in the most recently published USC Manual. If the installation of the backflow prevention assemblies prevents utilizing USC Manual procedures, then the use of alternate non-USC Manual test procedures may be used on a case-by-case basis.

Results of all backflow prevention assembly inspections and tests shall be documented and reported to the CCC specialist and the Water System Manager.

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If the inspection or test of a backflow prevention assembly finds it to be improperly installed, defective, or not commensurate with the degree of hazard associated with the connection, the backflow prevention assembly shall be properly installed, replaced, or repaired.

If the inspection of an air gap finds it to be improperly installed or altered, it shall be re-plumbed. If the air gap is not commensurate with the degree of hazard, it shall be replaced with an approved backflow prevention device.

Element 6:

The City of Ocean Shores Water Department maintains a list of all certified backflow assembly testers. All backflow prevention assembly test equipment shall be calibrated on an annual basis. Copies of test reports shall be made available to consumers upon request. All test reports shall be submitted to the CCC specialist within one week of the completion of a backflow prevention assembly test.

Element 7:

In the event of a backflow event the affected area will be isolated, shock chlorinated, and flushed until a reasonable residual remains. After this process a sample would be taken to assure no contamination remains. Additionally, the City will provide temporary services or bottled water where necessary.

Element 8:

Numerous pamphlets and information sheets are available for water system consumers on cross-connection control and backflow prevention. Copies of these pamphlets and sheets can be found in Appendix D.

Element 9:

The City of Ocean Shores Water Department maintains a list of all service connections and/or consumers premises that utilize a backflow prevention assembly to protect the public water system from contamination. These lists must be developed as follows:

A list of approved air gaps installed in lieu of approved assemblies shall be maintained including location, assessed degree of hazard, installation date, history of inspections, inspection results, and person performing inspections.

A list of approved backflow prevention assemblies shall be maintained including location, assembly type (manufacturer, model, size, and serial number), assessed degree of hazard, installation date, history of inspection, tests and repairs, test/inspection results, and person performing tests/inspections.

A list of approved AVBs used for irrigation system applications shall be maintained including location, description (manufacturer, model, size, and serial number), installation date, history of inspection, and person performing inspections.

Records pertaining to the master list of service connections requiring backflow prevention assemblies shall be kept for as long as said connections pose a cross-connection hazard.

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Records pertaining to inventory information on backflow preventers shall be kept for five years or the life of the device, whichever is shorter.

Records regarding backflow incidents and annual summary reports shall be kept for five years.

Records may be kept on any type of media.

A Cross-Connection Control Program summary report shall be completed on an annual basis.

All records shall be made available by the Water Department upon request.

The City of Ocean Shores Water Department shall notify City officials and local health jurisdiction in the event of a backflow event that is known to have contaminated the public water system.

All backflow events shall be documented on an acceptable form such as that found in the most recent edition of the PNWS-AWWA Manual and included in the annual Cross-Connection Control Program annual summary report.

Element 10:

The City of Ocean Shores does not distribute or have any facilities that receive reclaimed water within its service area and therefore does not need to meet any additional cross-connection control requirements.

Additional requirements set out in the cross-connection control documents are as follows:

Install double check valve assembly (DCVA) on domestic services three stories or 30 feet in height above the meter.

Install DCVA on fire line services three stories or 30 feet in height above meter containing materials not approved for domestic water piping. RPBA required on any fire system with chemical addition, connected to auxiliary water supply, or constructed with non-potable plumbing materials.

Provide reduced pressure backflow assembly (RPBA) on water supplies to heating system boilers, heat pumps, cooling towers, HVAC systems, chillers, carbonators, etc.

Call Ocean Shores Water Department or cross-connection control specialist for proper installation requirements for backflow assemblies or information regarding what type of backflow preventer is required for a certain hazard.

All new backflow assemblies must be inspected by the Ocean Shores Water Department’s cross-connection control specialist.

All backflow assemblies must be on the Washington State Approved Backflow Assembly List.

All backflow prevention assemblies must be inspected and tested initially by a Backflow Assembly Tester (BAT) and must be tested annually by a BAT certified by the State of Washington.

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Chapter 6 City of Ocean Shores Operation & Maintenance Program Water System Plan The City’s Cross-Connection Control Program Criteria and cross-connection control for lawn irrigation systems are located in Appendix E along with a copy of Chapter 13.06, Water Service Administrative Code.

6.10 EMERGENCY RESPONSE Although it is impossible to anticipate all potential types of emergencies and impractical to develop procedures for every possibility, there are several key procedures that will address the majority of emergencies that would be expected. These types of emergencies have been verified by the City through a vulnerability assessment and hazard mitigation plan and include:

Power failure Severe Earthquake Severe Snowstorm Water Quality Issues (i.e., Bacteriological, VOC/SOC or Inorganic Chemical Detection) Flooding/Tsunami

The City-wide emergency response procedures for power outages, earthquakes, and snowstorms address the common response for water system facilities. Generally, these types of emergencies require evaluation of the system for breaks, inspection to ensure that emergency power supplies are in working order, and water system personnel to continue to monitor the condition of the system and respond appropriately to system issues. The City maintains lists of contacts and a hierarchy of communication in the event of an emergency situation. A list of contacts is provided in Tables 6-6 and 6-7.

TABLE 6-6: WATER SYSTEM EMERGENCY CONTACT NAMES & PHONE NUMBERS

Contact Position Phone Numbers

Matt Tobert

Water System Manager - contact in the event of:

Water line break and leak, Emergencies at the Water Plant,

Other Misc. Emergencies

Office: 360-289-4210 Mobile 360-580-0895

Miles Beach

Waterworks Utility Supervisor - contact in the event of:

Emergencies at Water Plant, Contamination Emergencies

Office: 360-289-4210 Mobile: 360-580-8532

Mayor Crystal Dingler

Acting Director of Public Works - contact in the event of: Major Water System Emergencies,

Contamination Events

Office: 360-289-3099

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TABLE 6-7: EMERGENCY PHONE NUMBERS & CONTACT INFORMATION

Agency Phone

Police Department 911 (360-289-3331)

Fire Department 911 (360-289-3611)

Underground Utilities Location Service 360-532-3550 811

Grays Harbor PUD (Electric Utility) 360-532-4220

Coast Communications (Cable TV Services) 360-289-2252

City of Ocean Shores

Water Department: Office 360-289-4210

Public Works Department: Office 360-289-2754

State Level Contacts

Office of Drinking Water

Regional office: 360-664-0768 Office Fax: 360-664-8058

24 Hour Emergency: 360-664-4901

Ecology Spill Response 1-800-258-5990

Washington State Emergency Management

24-hour Emergency: 1-800-258-5990

Washington Military Department Emergency Management Division

Building 20, M/S: TA-20 Camp Murray, WA 98430-5122

County Contacts

Grays Harbor County - Department of Public Services Environmental Health

100 W. Broadway, Suite 31 Montesano, WA 98563

360-249-4413

6.10.1 Notification Procedures Many of the City’s water quality monitoring and emergency response plans call for notification of the public of emergency conditions and of required demand curtailment measures. Sample announcements are presented here in increasing order of severity. The City should contact newspapers and several local radio and television stations, which broadcast in the service area to make prior arrangements concerning emergency announcements.

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In the event of a water quality violation, the Water System Manager notifies DOH as well as issuing an announcement in the local newspapers detailing the violation and the measures taken to rectify the situation. If the water quality issue is severe enough, the announcement will include a “boil water” recommendation and/or order for those customers who would be susceptible to waterborne bacteria.

State law, WAC 248-54-750, Reporting and Public Notification, clearly outlines the City’s responsibilities for both oral and written communication with water users in situations, which may be caused by emergencies. All staff with authority for public announcements is familiar with these regulations.

In addition to public announcements, communication with emergency services is vital. Critical contacts and phone numbers such as those provided in Tables 6-5 and 6-6 are posted at all phones. Water system emergencies require notification of DOH and in some cases, DOE.

Various sample emergency announcements are provided in the following paragraphs.

SAMPLE A

For Immediate Release – High Water Demand – Water Use Reduction Requested

The City of Ocean Shores is experiencing unusually high water demand, making it difficult to maintain adequate storage tank reserves. Residents of the City are requested to reduce water consumption and to avoid wasting water wherever possible. It will be particularly helpful if homeowners will make every effort to reduce lawn watering. The problem is expected to be temporary in nature and a public announcement will be made when normal water consumption can be resumed.

SAMPLE B

For Immediate Release – Water Source Issue – Conservation Required

The City of Ocean Shores has experienced a major loss of its production capacity. The City’s customers are directed to stop all outdoor water use and make every effort to conserve valuable water. The City is doing everything possible to correct the situation and will make a public announcement as soon as the problem has been rectified.

SAMPLE C

For Immediate Release – Water Source Issue – Mandatory Curtailment of Water Use

This is a Community Emergency Announcement. The City of Ocean Shores has experienced a major loss of its water production capacity and, therefore, is unable to maintain normal water deliveries. It is mandatory that all watering, industrial, and commercial use be discontinued. Water must be conserved for sanitary and potable use only. Your cooperation is urgently requested. The City is doing everything

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possible to restore the water system to normal operations. You will be notified of any change in the situation.

SAMPLE D

For Immediate Release – No Potable Use Allowed - Alternate Supply Provided

The City of Ocean Shores has experienced total loss of its water production capacity. As a result, the water mains have been shut off and normal water deliveries have been discontinued. The City has arranged to deliver water by tank truck to residential areas for potable and sanitary uses only. The following is a schedule of tank truck deliveries and locations:

Water Delivery Location:

Time of:

Site Address:

Operation Date:

When picking water up at the tank truck locations, please bring your own clean containers. The City is doing everything possible to resume normal water service and will notify you as soon as water service has been restored.

In the event of a water quality violation, the Mayor or designee shall notify DOH as well as issue an announcement in the local newspapers detailing the violation and the measures taken to rectify the situation. If the water quality issue is severe enough the announcement will include a “boil water” recommendation and/or order for those customers who would be susceptible to waterborne bacteria.

6.10.2 Vulnerability Assessment Following the attacks of September 11, 2001, the Department of Homeland Security asked the EPA to prepare a strategic plan to summarize critical infrastructure protection goals. EPA’s first goal was to develop aggressive plans for evaluating and improving the security of water and wastewater utilities. Water vulnerability assessments are now a requirement for all utilities serving more than 3,300 persons.

In 2004, a Vulnerability Assessment was developed for the Ocean Shores water system. The assessment evaluated external threats, internal threats, and natural disasters. It also reviewed water supply, storage, treatment, and distribution systems for vulnerability to potential human-caused threats (e.g., terrorist, insider, determined vandals, and casual vandals) as well as natural threats (earthquake, tsunami, storms) and recommendations to minimize risks from potential threats. The identification of recommendations was made to improve the resiliency and reliability of the water system. These recommendations include security cameras, area floodlights, motion sensors, and intrusion alarms.

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Chapter 6 City of Ocean Shores Operation & Maintenance Program Water System Plan 6.11 EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS

TABLE 6-8: PREPARATION FOR EMERGENCIES

PERSONNEL

Advise personnel to arrange for safety of families in advance.

Prepare emergency schedule and brief personnel.

Put all personnel on emergency status.

Strategically locate and station crews.

FACILITIES

Check vehicles, auxiliary electrical power, and pump units for: A. Operability B. Sufficient fuel C. Operation of emergency power/battery-operated lights

Check emergency communication equipment for readiness.

Maintain emergency rations, water, clothing, and bedding at the maintenance shops sufficient for 72 hours.

Secure equipment and supplies in exposed areas; secure buildings; install storm shutters, if available and appropriate.

MATERIALS

Review possible repair materials for local purchase of items on short notice in an emergency.

Arrange with local suppliers and nearby utilities for access to stored chemicals, tools, repair parts, etc., which may be required immediately after the disaster.

Determine the need to relocate certain materials to outlying sites.

6.12 CONDITIONS OF SERVICE Throughout the year, three distinctive conditions of service (green, yellow, or red) can exist. The conditions are explained below. The Waterworks Utility Superintendent is responsible for making all changes in the condition of service, with the approval of the Public Works Director.

Condition Green: Normal water Use. Notification of Water Department is required for all unusual or excessive water/hydrant use.

Condition Yellow: Caution is necessary with all water/hydrant use. All inspections/water main flushing and/or hydrant flows must be cleared through the Water Department in advance.

Condition Red: Level #1 – No hydrant uses. No inspection water flows. Contact Water Department

on all emergency hydrant use or water flows. Level #2 – Same as Level #1 except public irrigation is authorized on alternate days

based on street address (odd/even) ONLY. Level #3 – Same as Level #1 except that public irrigation is prohibited.

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City of Ocean Shores Chapter 6 Water System Plan Operation & Maintenance Program 6.13 CUSTOMER COMPLAINT RESPONSE PROGRAM A formal Customer Complaint Program is in place and consists of a Citizen Inquiry Service Request Form, a copy of which can be found in Appendix H. The form includes basic customer information (name, address, and phone number), location and nature of the problem, and the appropriate department handling the request. When received by the City, one copy is placed in the property file, another copy is placed in an active service request file, and a third is routed to the appropriate distribution maintenance or service personnel for action. The customer will be contacted by the appropriate maintenance or service personnel to let the customer know that the complaint has been received and is being investigated. Once the problem is addressed in a timely manner, the complaint form is routed back to the office at the WTP to close out the request.

The categories of problems that occur in the water system are inconsistencies in taste, odor, color, and iron-reducing bacteria (IRB), which are listed in Table 6-8 below. Since the new treatment plant was brought online in 2011, there has been a substantial reduction in customer complaints.

TABLE 6-9: CUSTOMER COMPLAINT HISTORY1

Complaint 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012/ Jan. - June

Taste 179 56 64 49 50 24 14 0

Odor 495 197 131 134 184 96 34 2

Color 126 36 40 18 30 12 53 2

IRB 3 4 36 21 4 4 7 2

Total 803 293 271 222 268 136 108 6

Notes: 1 Information received from the City’s Water Department

6.13.1 Complaint Response In the case of taste, odor, color, and bacteria complaints, the response action undertaken by the water department is to flush the lines from a nearby hydrant or disconnect the residential service meter and allow the customer to flush their homes free of charge. If problems persist, chlorine is then added to the water mains in the area to attempt to disinfect the lines and avoid subsequent contamination.

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this water system plan for the city of kent has been

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