thomas schneider senior technical instructor it-jogging …€¦ · · 2015-11-12• all fresh...

IT-Jogging “VMware”

11.06.2014

Thomas Schneider Senior Technical Instructor

2

Juni 11, 2014

Agenda

•   VMware vSphere

•   VMware Horizon Suite

•   VMware Operations Manager

•   VMware Virtual SAN

•   Fragen & Antworten

Neuigkeiten zu VMware vSphere

Version 5.5

Changes from vSphere 4.x That Affect vSphere

Installation

vSphere 5.x is a major upgrade from vSphere 4.x.

The following changes from vSphere 4.x affect vSphere installation and

setup:

• Removal of the service console

• Removal of the VMware® ESX® graphical installer

• A single installer wizard for upgrades and fresh installations

• Installer caching

• Changes to partitioning of host disks:

• All fresh installations of vSphere 5.5 use the GUID Partition Table

(GPT) format instead of the MS-DOS style of partitioning.

• Upgraded systems do not use the GPT format, but retain the

MSDOS style of partitioning.

• New installations create a 4GB scratch partition.

ESXi Hardware Maximums

ESXi Upgrade

vSphere Web Client Architecture

The vSphere Web

Client architecture consists of the following components:

• Client component:

• Supported Web browser

• Server component:

• vSphere Web Client

• Scalable, backend

server

• vCenter Server

• Inventory Service

Web Browser

Application Server

vCenter Single Sign-On

vSphere Web Client

vCenter Server

Inventory Service

vSphere vMotion Enhancements

With vSphere 5.1 and later, you can migrate a powered-on virtual machine (including memory and storage) with vSphere vMotion, without the requirement for shared storage.

vSphere DRS still requires shared storage when performing vSphere vMotion operations.

vSphere vMotion

vSphere Storage vMotion

vSphere vMotion 5.1 and later

About vCenter Single Sign-On

vCenter Single Sign-On is an authentication service that secures the

VMware cloud infrastructure platform.

vCenter Single Sign-On allows vSphere software components to

communicate with one another through a secure token mechanism.

AD Open LDAP

vSphere Web Client

Identity Source s

vCenter Single Sign-On

vCenter Server

VMware® vCenter™ Orchestrator™

VMware® vCloud Director®

Security Enhancement: ESXi Firewall

ESXi has a new firewall engine to provide access control to incoming

connections on the management network.

Virtual Hardware Features

vSphere 5.5 introduces virtual hardware version 10. Version 9 was

introduced in vSphere 5.1 and version 8 in vSphere 5.0.

These features are available in versions 8, 9, and 10.

Features Benefits

Larger virtual machines: Virtualizes larger workloads, for 64 vCPUs (version 8 supports only 32 vCPUs), example, Microsoft Exchange Server,

1TB vRAM SQL Server, Oracle, and SAP.

Runs high-performance 3D graphics Hardware-accelerated applications, for example, graphics 3D graphics and HD

audio design and medical imaging. Richer desktop experience.

Space-efficient, sparse virtual disks Storage efficiency.

USB 3.0 devices, smart-card readers, and Broader device coverage. e1000e

network adapters

Virtual Hardware Version 10

These features are introduced in version 10.

Features Benefits

Larger VMDK files: maximum of 62TB Allows larger workloads to be virtualized

Support for Advanced Host Controller Supports CD/DVD drives, allowing Mac OS X Interface (AHCI) SATA controller guest operating systems to use them

120 SATA devices per virtual machine Allows more SATA devices to be supported on

(up to 4 SATA adapters, 30 devices per a virtual machine

adapter)

Fixes the problem of being unable to boot from LSI SAS support for Solaris 11 disk when you upgrade from Solaris 10 to

Solaris 11

Viewing Health Check Information

After you have enabled health check, you can view health check

information for the distributed switch in the vSphere Web Client.

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Juni 11, 2014

O

Example of Network Health Check

ESXi ESXi

VMware vSphere® Distributed Switch™

Port Group Configuration: VLAN – 10 MTU – 9000 Team – Port ID

Port Group Configuration: VLAN – 20 MTU – 9000 Team – IP hash

Switch Port Configuration: VLAN – 10

MTU –

1500 Team – None

Switch Port Configuration: VLAN – 10 MTU – 9000 Team – None

Physical Network Configuration

Virtual Network Configuration

1 2

Virtual Flash Resource

Combine local flash storage to create the

virtual flash resource.

A virtual flash resource has the following

characteristics:

• A file system used to group the physical

SSDs into a single resource

• Invisible from the user interface

• Transparent to the virtual machine

Configure the virtual machine’s virtual

disk to use the virtual flash resource.

SSD

vSphere

Virtual Flash Resource

Flash Read Cache Infrastructure

Flash Read Cache Limitations

Flash Read Cache has maximum configuration values:

• SSD size: 4TB

• Number of SSDs per virtual flash resource volume: 8

• Number of virtual flash resource volumes per host: 1

• Virtual flash resource volume size: 32TB

• Cache size for each VMDK file: 400GB (minimum of 4MB)

• Cache block size for a VMDK file: 1MB (minimum of 4KB)

Flash Read Cache has the following limitations:

• Support for only locally attached SSDs

• Write-through caching only

• Not compatible with VMware vSphere® Fault Tolerance

• Cannot share an SSD with Virtual SAN or a VMware

vSphere® VMFS datastore

Mirroring

Architecture of

vSphere Storage

vMotion

In vSphere 5.x,

vSphere

Storage vMotion

uses a disk-

level, mirroring

architecture.

The changed

block tracking Mirrored

mechanism is Virtual Disk not used.

Source Destination

Host VMkernel) (

A block-level bitmap identifies modified blocks.

Storage vMotion

I/ Os Written to Source and Destination Disks

Datastore Datastore

About VMFS-5

VMFS-5 provides improvements in scalability and performance over VMFS-3:

• The datastore and a single extent can be greater than

2TB.

• The maximum datastore size is 64TB.

• The maximum virtual disk size is 62TB.

• 1MB file system block size, which supports files up to

62TB in size:

• The file system subblock size is 8KB.

• Efficient storage of small files:

• Data of small files (less than or equal to 1KB) is stored directly

in the file descriptor.

• Support for the GUID Partition Table format

• Raw device mappings have the following maximum sizes:

• Physical compatibility mode: 64TB

• Virtual compatibility mode: 62TB

Upgrading to a VMFS-5 Datastore

You can upgrade a VMFS-3 datastore to a VMFS-5 datastore.

All ESXi hosts that need to access the datastore must first be upgraded to

ESXi 5.x.

About Datastore Clusters

A datastore cluster is a collection of

datastores that are grouped together

without functioning together.

A datastore cluster enabled for Storage

DRS is a collection of datastores working

together to balance capacity and I/O

operations per second (IOPS) latency.

Relationships Between Host

Clusters and Datastore Clusters

The relationship between host clusters and datastore clusters can be

one-to-one, one-to-many, or many-to-many.

One-to-One One-to-Many Many-to-Many

Datastore Cluster

TB 2

500 GB 500 GB 500 GB 500 GB

Datastore Cluster Datastore Clusters Datastore Clusters

Performing a File-Level Restore

The vSphere Data Protection Restore Client enables an end user to

restore individual files and directories in the virtual machine’s guest

operating system.

Host Cluster Host Cluster Host Clusters

Files to restore from the mounted backup

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Juni 11, 2014

vSphere Replication

vSphere vSphere

source target

vSphere Replication

vSphere Replication Architecture

Before you can replicate virtual machines, you must have the

vSphere Replication server deployed at both the source site and

target site.

Protected Site Target Site

ESXi

Storage

Storage Storage

VR Appliance VR Management Server,

VR Server vCenter Server

VR Agent

ESXi

VR Agent

ESXi

VMDK1

VR Server

( VMDK1) VMDK2) (

VMDK2

vSphere Web Client

NFC

How Replication Works

After ensuring that data is consistent at both the source and target sites,

the vSphere Replication agent tracks all changed blocks by way of a

vSCSI filter.

Changed blocks are replicated based on the RPO.

A

B C

D

E A B C D E

VMDK

Lightweight Delta

TCP/44046

A C D

Source Target

VMDK Replica

Redo Log

ESXi

VR Agent

Managing vSphere Replication

The vSphere Web Client provides vSphere Replication summary

information and enables you to monitor and manage replication for each

vCenter Server system in the inventory.

vSphere Replication Compatibility with vSphere

vSphere Replication requires ESXi 5.0 or greater.

vSphere Replication functionality is available with the vSphere Web Client.

• vSphere Replication functionality is available with the VMware

vSphere® Client™ if you install VMware® vCenter™ Site Recovery

Manager™ with the plug-in.

vSphere Replication is incompatible with the following vSphere features:

• VMware vSphere® Fault Tolerance

• VMware® Virtual SAN™, with limitations

vSphere 5.x Enhancements to vSphere HA

Certain vSphere HA features have significantly improved in vSphere 5.x:

• Logging:

• Single log file for operational, day-to-day logging

• Syslog integration

• Error and status reporting

• Recognition of VMware vSphere® Distributed Resource Scheduler™

VM-Host affinity rules

• Cluster status and advanced runtime information in the user interface

• Ability to deploy and reconfigure within seconds, regardless of cluster

size

• Removal of dependencies on commonly misconfigured services, for

example, DNS

• Host isolation response

• Admission control policies

Admission Control Policy: Reserving Number of Hosts

You can reserve a specific number of hosts to be used for virtual machines

when a failover occurs.

The slot size is used to determine whether sufficient failover capacity

exists.

Master/Slave Architecture

When you create a

vSphere HA cluster,

a single host is

elected as the

master host.

The master host

communicates with

vCenter Server and

monitors the state of

all protected virtual

machines and of the

slave hosts.

Management Network

vCenter Server

Shared Datastores

vSphere HA Cluster

vpxd

Master Host

Slave Host

Slave Host

vSphere HA Agent

vSphere HA Agent

vSphere HA Agent

Master Host Failure

When the

master host is

placed in

maintenance

mode or

crashes, the

slave hosts

detect that the

master host is

no longer

issuing

heartbeats.

A new election must take

place.

vCenter Server

Heartbeat Datastores

NAS/NFS VMFS

VMFS

Management Networks

Master Host MOID = 100) (

Slave Host MOID = 99) (

Slave Host ( MOID = 98) ?

VM A (Protected)

VM D (Protected) VM E (Protected)

The new master host restarts VM C and VM E on other hosts in the cluster.

VM B (Protected) VM C (Protected)

TMPL 1

A new master host is elected.

vSphere ESXi Image Builder CLI Architecture

vSphere ESXi Image Builder CLI is used to manage software depots,

image profiles, and VIBs.

vSphere Auto Deploy Architecture

vSphere Auto Deploy

Server

VMware vSphere®

Update Manager™

Software Depot

Image Profile 1

ESXi VIB

Driver VIB

OEM VIB

Security VIB

Image Profile 2

ZIP

vSphere ESXi Image Builder CLI

Windows Client

Image Profile

User-Created

esxcli

The vSphere Auto Deploy infrastructure consists of several components.

Placing the Host in the Cluster

The host is placed in the appropriate cluster, if specified by a rule.

vSphere Auto Deploy Server

ESXi Host

Rules Engine

Image Profile

Public Depot

Image Profile VIBs

vCenter Server

Host Profile

ESXi Host

Cluster A Cluster B

vSphere Auto Deploy Server

Waiter

Rules Engine

Image Profile

Image Profile Name, Host Profile Name, Cluster Information

vCenter Server

Host Profile

VMware Horizon Suite

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Horizon Mirage Solution Components

Remote Branch Site

Branch Reflector

WAN

Interne t

Horizon Mirage Clients

Horizon Mirage Client Installed on Endpoints

VPN User

VPN User VPN User

File Portal

Load Balance r

NAS Storage Volumes

Data Center

Administrator

Horizon Mirage Management Console

Horizon Mirage Management Server

Horizon Mirage Server Cluster with File Portal

Horizon Mirage Clients Local Site

Reference Machine

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Branch Reflectors Overview

System Dashboard

The System Dashboard node provides at-a-glance monitoring of system

status and operations.

Horizon Mirage Layers

Horizon Mirage divides the desktop image into logical layers.

User Personalization Layer (user data and profile, installed

applications)

Machine Identity Layer (identity, customizations)

Horizon Mirage Application

Layers

Base Layer

(OS, infrastructure software, core applications)

Driver Profile End-User

PC

Single Image Management with Driver Profiles

This example displays how you can use a single base layer with different

driver profiles to create images for specific brands of endpoint desktops.

Dell Drivers

Dell Laptops

Single HP Drivers

HP Laptops

Base Layer

Lenovo Drivers Lenovo Laptops

Single Image Management with Base and Application

Layers

Using base layers, application layers, and driver profiles, Horizon Mirage

provides single image management for up to 20,000 endpoints.

Finance

Dell Drivers

HP Drivers

Apps

HR Apps

Up to 20 ,000

Single

Base Layer Windows 7

Antivirus Endpoints Common Apps VMware

Drivers IT

Apps

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Migration Challenges

Microsoft Supported Upgrade Paths

Windows Vista

Windows XP

Horizon Mirage Supported Migration Paths

Windows 7

Windows XP

Windows 7

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Juni 11, 2014

Use for endpoints with an up-to- date operating system but lacking applications and user data.

Use for endpoints with a fresh operating system that requires updates and no user data.

Use for a completely built endpoint that needs only user data.

User Machine Replacement Option

VMware Operations Manager

46 Juni 11, 2014

Role of Operations Management

Monitor

Isolate Remediate

! Problem

Slow performance

Config issue Rollback change

Plan

Optimize Automate

Maintenance

Utilization/forecast

Reclaim capacity Orchestrate changes

Ensure and restore service levels.

Optimize for efficiency and cost.

Reactive Proactive

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Do vCenter Server and esxtop Provide All Details Needed?

What does this really mean? Why is it happening? What should you do?

vCenter Operations Manager: Dashboard

Overview • Comprehensive dashboard for cloud operations with health, risk, and efficiency scores • Single tool to manage performance and capacity across multiple vCenter Server systems

Benefits • End-to-end visibility into cloud infrastructure health • Proactive incident avoidance • Optimize for efficiency and cost

vCenter Operations Manager vApp: Disk Configuration

Disk 2 and all other disks added are data disks.

2+ vCPU GB RAM 9+

Disk 1 is the system disk.

2+ vCPU GB RAM 7+

UI VM

Disk 1 GB 8

Disk 2 GB 120+

vCenter Operations Manager 5.0 vApp

logical volume manager (LVM)

Analytics VM

Disk 1 8 GB

Disk 2 120+ GB

LVM

vCenter Operations Manager UI: Two Use Cases

•   Immediate problems

•   What is happening now?

•   What needs my attention?

Operations Short- and long-term capacity

  Forward- looking

  Capacity concerns I should be aware of?

  Are system component s deployed and configured optimally?

vCenter Operations Manager: Major and Minor Badges

•   High-level overview

•   Calculated from scores of minor badges

•   Specifics

•   Guidance

3 major badges

8 minor badges

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vCenter Operations Manager: User Interface

inventory pane

main area/dashboard

badge pane

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Operations Tab Overview

Planning Tab Overview

Details

Workload badge focus: datastore example

latency

space available

IOPS

throughput

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Alerts Tab Overview

vCenter Operations Manager Default UI: Infrastructure Badge Thresholds

Adjust levels to userdefined settings.

Click the Configuration link to access Infrastructure Badge Thresholds.

Set infrastructure and virtual machine thresholds separately:

•  Capacity problems for

a host requires more

warning than for a

virtual machine.

Disable the color threshold by clicking the level off.

VMware Virtual SAN

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vSphere Storage Protocol Feature Comparison

Storage Protocol

Supports Boot from

SAN

Supports vSphere vMotion

Supports vSphere HA

Supports vSphere

DRS

Supports Raw Device

Mapping

Fibre Channel

● ● ● ● ●

FCoE ● ● ● ● ●

iSCSI ● ● ● ● ●

NFS ● ● ●

DAS ● ●

Virtual SAN ● ● ●

About Virtual SAN

vSphere 5.5 offers experimental support for Virtual SAN, which is software-

defined storage.

Virtual SAN aggregates direct-attached storage disks of ESXi hosts and

creates a storage pool that can be used by virtual machines.

Virtual SAN has the following benefits:

• vSphere and VMware® vCenter Server™ integration

• Storage scalability

• Built-in resiliency

• SSD caching

• Converged compute and storage resources

Virtual SAN Architecture

With Virtual SAN, multiple ESXi hosts are grouped to form a Virtual SAN

cluster.

Object-Based Storage

Virtual SAN stores and manages data in the form of flexible data

containers called objects.

vSphere

Virtual SAN Cluster

Disk Group Disk Group Disk Group

Virtual SAN Datastore

Virtual SAN Cluster

Virtual SAN is a cluster feature. This feature is integrated with VMware®

ESXi™ to create a distributed RAID.

Virtual SAN Cluster

vSphere

Disk Group Disk Group Disk Group

Virtual Machine’s Metadata Files

VMDK File

VMDK File

Object Object Container Object



The Virtual SAN datastore is an object store solution that is created using

disk groups from hosts in a cluster. The capacity of the datastore is a

function of the size and quantity of HDDs.

Virtual SAN Minimum Requirements Virtual SAN clusters require:

• Three ESXi 5.5 Update 1

hosts contributing local disks

• Hosts to be managed by

VMware® vCenter Server™

5.5 Update 1. Virtual SAN

ESXi cluster members

require:

• A dedicated 1Gb Ethernet

NIC connected to a single L2

network with multicast (IGMP

Snooping) enabled

5.9 TB

Virtual SAN Cluster

GB 200

2 TB

200 GB

TB 2

GB 200

2 TB

SSD

HDD

Virtual SAN Network

• VMkernel ports that are

enabled by Virtual SAN

•All hardware must be validated to

 support Virtual SAN by using the

VMware Compatibility Guide

One SAS/SATA/PCIe SSD

One SAS/NL-SAS/SATA

HDD

One 1Gb/ or 10Gb NIC

SAS/SATA Controllers or RAID Controllers that work in pass-through or RAID0

mode

Virtual SAN Networking

Virtual SAN introduces a new VMkernel port property named Virtual SAN

traffic.

•  Virtual SAN cluster hosts must have a Virtual SAN traffic-enabled

VMkernel port connected to a virtual switch.

ESXi A ESXi B ESXi C

Virtual SAN Network

VMkernel port enabled for Virtual SAN traffic

Standard Switch


Standard Switch


Standard Switch

Virtual SAN and Object-Based Storage

Virtual SAN Network Traffic Flow

Storage I/O traffic always goes over the Virtual SAN network.

Cluster Summary Tab

The Virtual SAN area of the cluster Summary tab in the vSphere Web

Client shows common information about your Virtual SAN configuration.

Magnetic Disk Failures

In this scenario, a single magnetic disk behind a host participating in a

Virtual SAN cluster is lost. Virtual SAN starts copies of degraded

components immediately.

Schulungen & Zertifizierungen

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VMware Zertifizierungen

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VMware Kurse

  vSphere 5.5: Install, Configure, Manage

  Zielgruppe: Administratoren, Partner

  Kursinhalt: Installation, Konfiguration und Verwaltung von VMware vSphere 5.5

  Empfohlen bei allen VMware vSphere Lizenzen bis zur Enterprise (keine Enterprise+

Funktionen werden behandelt)

  Prüfung: berechtigt zur VCP5-DV

  Dauer: 5 Tage

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VMware Kurse

  vSphere 5.5: Whats New

  Zielgruppe: Administratoren, Partner

  Kursinhalt: Neuerungen in VMware vSphere 5.5

  Empfohlen für Teilnehmer, die sich einen Überblick über die Neuerungen in Version 5.5

verschaffen wollen

  Prüfung: -

  Dauer: 2 Tage

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VMware Kurse

  vSphere 5.5: Fast Track

  Zielgruppe : Administratoren , Partner

  Kursinhalt : Installation, Konfiguration und Verwaltung von VMware vSphere 5.5

  Empfohlen für Teilnehmer , die sogut wie alle Funktionen von VMware vSphere 5.5

kennenlernen wollen . Es werden u. a. auch Enterprise+ Funktionen behandelt .

  Prüfung : berechtigt zur VCP5-DV

  Dauer : 5 Tage mit deutlich längeren Kurszeiten

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VMware Kurse

  vSphere 5.5: Troubleshooting Workshop


  Kursinhalt : Fehlerbehebung mit sehr vielen praktischen Labs

  Empfohlen für Teilnehmer , die im täglichen Arbeitsalltag schnell auf Fehler in VMware

vSphere reagieren müssen . Vorteil von diesem Kurs sind die vielen praktischen Labs während des Kurses .


  Dauer : 5 Tage

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VMware Kurse

  vSphere 5.5: Optimize & Scale


  Kursinhalt : Es wird detailiert jede Komponente behandelt ( Netzwerk , Storage, CPU,

Arbeitsspeicher , … ) . Zudem werden viele Kommandozeilentätigkeiten durchgeführt . Der Kurs richtet sich mehr an Teilnehmer mit Enterprise+ Funktionen .

  Empfohlen für Teilnehmer , die ihre VMware Infrastruktur skalieren wollen . Zudem mit

dem Einsatz von Enterprise+ Funktionen und Automatisierung .


  Dauer : 5 Tage

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VMware Kurse

  vSphere 5.5: Skills for Operators


  Kursinhalt : Es werden im Alltag benötigte Funktionen von vSphere vorgestellt . Das

Ziel ist es in zwei Tagen zu wissen , wie man Grundfunktionen von VMware vSphere anwenden kann .

  Empfohlen für Teilnehmer , die nur einen groben Überblick der

Administrationsmöglichkeiten bekommen wollen .

  Prüfung : -

  Dauer : 2 Tage

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VMware Kurse

  vSphere 5.x: Design Workshop

  Zielgruppe: Administratoren, Partner, Systemarchitekten

  Kursinhalt: Es werden Möglichkeiten und Empfehlungen für das Planen von einer

VMware vSphere Umgebung gezeigt.

  Empfohlen für Teilnehmer, die für Planung von Rechenzentren verantwortlich sind.

  Prüfung: -

  Dauer: 3 Tage

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VMware Kurse

  Horizon View 5.2 : Install, Configure, Manage


  Kursinhalt : Es wird die Installation, Konfiguration und Verwaltung von VMware Horizon

View behandelt . Der Teilnehmer sollte dann in der Lage sein , eine Umgebung für Desktopvirtualisierung zu betreiben .

  Empfohlen für Teilnehmer , die das erste Mal mit VMware Horizon View Erfahrungen

sammeln wollen .

  Prüfung : VCP-Desktop

  Dauer : 4 Tage

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VMware Kurse

  VMware Virtual SAN: Deploy and Manage


  Kursinhalt : Es wird die Installation, Konfiguration und Verwaltung von VMware Virtual

SAN behandelt . Der Teilnehmer sollte dann in der Lage sein , die Umgebung mit vSAN zu betreiben .

  Empfohlen für Teilnehmer , die das erste Mal mit VMware Horizon View Erfahrungen

sammeln wollen .

  Prüfung : -

  Dauer : 2 Tage

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Fragen & Antworten

Vielen Dank

Thomas Schneider Senior Technical Instructor [email protected]

thomas schneider senior technical instructor it-jogging …€¦ · · 2015-11-12• all fresh...

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