tim hieu he thong mimo antenna - tại 123doc.vn
TRANSCRIPT
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
1/88
HC VIN CNG NGH BU CHNH VIN THNG
C S THNH PH H CH MINH
-----------oOo----------
LUN VN TT NGHIP I HCNgnh: in t-Vin Thng H: Chnh quy
Nin kha: 2003-2008
ti:
T!M HI"U H THNG MIMO-
#NT$NN#!" #$% &'()*''+')'
GI,O VIN H.NG /0N % /NG HI"N THUN
SINH VIN TH1C HIN % NGU2N TH3 C4M /UNGM5 SINH VIN % &'()*'')&
L.P % '(VT#)
N%! : 200&
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
2/88
L6I C,M N
Sau mt thi gian tm hiu v nghin cu, cui cng lun vncng hon thnh.
hon thnh lun vn n !m "in ch#n thnh c$m %n c$cth& c' ()c vi*n c'ng ngh* +u -hnh /i0n 1h'ng n2i chung vc$c th& c' t3ng gi4ng 56 l78 9:/1;< n2i =ing t6o m)ii>u ?i*n v cung c@8 nhi>u ?iAn thc BC ch !m c2 th honthnh Dc lun vn n.
Ec Bi*t, !m "in c$m %n th& F%ng (in 1hun tn tnhh7ng 5Gn v giH8 I !m mt c$ch nhi*t tnh nh@t. Jin ch#n thnhc$m %n th&.
Kgoi =a, "in gLi li c$m %n An t@t c4 B6n BM cNa t'i giH8I, Nng h t'i hAt mnh.
/ h%n hAt, con "in gLi li c$m %n O#u OPc An Ba mQ, gianh ng vin con t=ong Out thi gian v3a Rua.
( -h Tinh,
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
3/88
L6I M 7U
Kg na, c'ng ngh* vi0n th'ng t=L thnh mt 8h&n =@t Ruan t=)ng t=ong cuc
Ong, c$c h* thng th'ng tin v' tuAn mL =a mt chi>u h7ng m7i v> 8h%ng ti*nlin l6c. -on ngi c2 th lin l6c v7i nhau t6i m)i n%i, m)i lHc. -$c h* thng 5i ngthA h* th W, th : c2 th cung c@8 tc 5Z li*u t3 [,\ ?B8O An W TB8O. ]&n #,c$c m6ng ^;K v' tuAn th!o chuYn _``` 9W.n th'ng t6i tc ?ho4ng b TB8O. 1=ong mi nm t7i, 5ung lDng cNa nhZng c'ng ngh* n c2 th Od6t t7i
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
4/88
Ch'(ng 2:H th$ng !!.
1=nh B mt c$ch tCng Ruan v> h* thng T_Tj Bao gm 8h#n tch hi*unng cNa h* thng T_Tj v7i lka ch)n ant!n th@ Dc lDi ch cNa lkach)n ant!n, c$c u c&u i v7i m' hnh ?nh, ?nh v 8h#n lo6i chHng,
"# 5kng m' hnh ?nh T_Tj thng ?.
Ch'(ng 3: /a 1hn !!. ant,n
1=nh B thut to$n tnh g&n Hng ngGu nhin =i =6c v7i gi4 thiAt ?nhtka twnh lka ch)n t8 con ant!n tt nh@t O 5ng c$c tiu chuYn nhth'ng tin t%ng hq ti a, te l* lqi t thiu,...x t=nh B c$c thut to$n lkach)n ant!n thch ng O 5ng ?ch th7c B7c c Xnh hoEc ?ch th7c
B7c thch ng, ?hi ?nh T_Tj BiAn thin th!o thi gian.
Ch'(ng : Ch'(ng t45nh 6 7hng
-h%ng n "# 5kng m' hnh m' 8hyng tnh to$n 5ung lDng cNa h*thng T_Tj Bng c$ch c@8 8h$t c'ng Ou@t th!o 8h%ng 8h$8 zat!=rilling.
Dc Ok Ruan t#m, giH8 I v ch{ B4o tn tnh t=ong nghin cu cNa th& F%ng(in 1hun v ?iAn 2ng g28 cNa c$c th& c' gi$o t=ong B m'n v' tuAn cng v7iOk nq lkc cNa B4n th#n, lun vn Dc hon thnh v7i ni 5ung Dc giao L mc v
8h6m vi nh@t Xnh. 1u nhin 5o t=nh v thi gian c2 h6n, lun vn chPc chPn
?h'ng t=$nh ?hyi nhZng Oai O2t. @t mong Dc Ok ch{ 5Gn cNa c$c th& c' gi$o cngnh ?iAn 2ng g28 cNa c$c B6n BM. Tt l&n nZa !m "in ch#n thnh c$m %n t@t c4th& c', gia nh v B6n BM giH8 !m hon thnh lun vn n.
1hnh 8h ( -h Tinh
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
5/88
M8C L8C-$c t3 viAt tPt................................................................................................................:
-(|}K] _ 1~K] ;K / ;K1`K.....................................................................b
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
6/88
W...^ka ch)n ?At hD8 thu8h$t...........................................................................WU
W.b.Ec tnh cNa tiu chuYn lka ch)n ant!n. W.......................................................W
W.b.
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
7/88
M9: ;9: ?h'ng
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
9/88
-h%ng _ 1Cng Ruan v> ant!n
CHNG I% TFNG U#N V #NT$N
)) SJ ;K: >@>
)))
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
10/88
-h%ng _ 1Cng Ruan v> ant!n
H=>< ) )% BY: Z @A R_@ >@>
h&n nng lDng i*n t3 tho$t =a ?hyi ngun v t=u>n i t=ong ?h'ng gian g)i lnng lDng Bc "6.
)( TWK`>] XY: Z :a bc>] ^Q> d bc>] @A @Wo>] e] ]> @g bo
Jt ngun Bc "6 c2 th tch /, mt 5ng ?ch thch l v . 1=ng cNa
5ng n Dc "$c Xnh Rua v!cto= thA .
i?=!,m !,m
/
< !; 5/
=
=
ur r
f
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
11/88
-h%ng _ 1Cng Ruan v> ant!n
V Ti>n g&n l mi>n ?h'ng gian Bao Ruanh h* thng 5ng,c2 B$n ?nh = ?h$ nhy
f=. shi 2W
Vi?=! n g&n cnDc g)i l mi>n c4m c4m ng 5o n2 ch{ mang tnh ch@t cNa t=ng c4m ng.
V Ti>n "a l mi>n ?h'ng gian Bao Ruanh h* thng 5ng c2 B$n ?nh = ?h$ l7nf=. shi 2 ?h'ng th By Rua Ok chm 8ha cNa t=ng L im ?h4o O$t. Ti>n "acn Dc g)i l mi>n O2ng ha mi>n Bc "6 v n2 c2 Ec tnh lan t=u>n O2ng.
1a c2
r R =
W W
W coOr R R = + f
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
12/88
-h%ng _ 1Cng Ruan v> ant!n
( ) ( )i?
! ! m
i? !` ] ] ] i
= +
ur ur ur ur r
f
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
13/88
-h%ng _ 1Cng Ruan v> ant!n
f
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
14/88
-h%ng _ 1Cng Ruan v> ant!n
=ng cNa thX 8h%ng h7ng th!o mc ?h'ng l g2c giZa W h7ng m th!o2 cng t=ng Bc "6 BPt &u gi4m An ?h'ng.
m 9
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
15/88
-h%ng _ 1Cng Ruan v> ant!n
1=ong <
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
16/88
-h%ng _ 1Cng Ruan v> ant!n
ma" W
W
9 9
f , Oinm
D
F d d
=
fq] i:
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
17/88
-h%ng _ 1Cng Ruan v> ant!n
8hi hD8 v7i t=L ?h$ng S . -'ng Ou@t ckc 6i c2 th ch{ Dc t=u>n i nAu t=L ?h$ngcNa m$ 8h$t l lin hD8 8hc v7i t=L ?h$ng ant!n v ngDc l6i. Fo 2, i>u ?i*n c2th 8hi hD8 Dc l
inO
1=ong 2 ininJin
SSJS
KAu ?h'ng $8 ng Dc i>u ?i*n t=n, th mt 8h&n c'ng Ou@t Od BX 8h4n "6ngDc t=L l6i v i>u n 5Gn An Ok "u@t hi*n cNa O2ng ng, n2 c2 th Dc Biu thX
Bng th'ng O g)i l t{ O O2ng ng /S.
f@> q>@> byxs;==a ant!n l lo6i ant!n gm hai ha nhi>u ant!n ?At hD8 v7i nhau thnh mt ngun
t6o =a mt ?iu Bc "6 th!o h7ng =ing no 2. Ti lin h* ?h'ng gian cNa c$cthnh 8h&n ant!n =ing Bi*t g28 8h&n t6o nn tnh Xnh h7ng cNa ant!n.
Kg =a cNa ant!n 5 l Ok ?At hD8 chnh "$c ng =a cNa t3ng ant!n thnh 8h&n n.;nt!n 5 c2 ?h4 nng =Ht =a Dc tn hi*u c&n thiAt t3 t@t c4 c$c tn hi*u nhn Dccho 5 c$c tn hi*u n cng chiAm mt Bng t&n. +ng c$ch tha Ci 8ha v Bin cNa BH8 chnh vhoEc 5ng ?ch thch t=ong mqi ngun t ant!n, ant!n 5 c2 thRut mt c$ch nhanh ch2ng BH8 chnh vhoEc B t= null L B@t c h7ng no. -$cngun t c2 c$c ?hYu t=ong ?h'ng gian, Rua 2 chHng th!o 5i c$c tn hi*u ?h'ng
gian thi gian. (* thng ant!n 5 c2 ?h4 nng thch ng mt c$ch tch ckc 5ka t=nOk ?At hD8 c$c tn hi*u c2 t6i ant!n c4i thi*n ch@t lDng h* thng.
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
18/88
-h%ng _ 1Cng Ruan v> ant!n
(* thng T_Tj l h* thng O 5ng a==a ant!n L c4 m$ 8h$t v m$ thu.
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
19/88
-h%ng__ (* thng T_Tj
CHNG II% H THNG MIMO
) Mf < ] {>
1=ong lin l6c v' tuAn, ?hi tn hi*u t=u>n t3 m$ 8h$t An m$ thu Od i Rua =@tnhi>u ng. Tqi ng c2 mt 8ha, mt t=0, c2 Bin tn hi*u, c2 BiAn thinthi gian ?h$c nhau. -hnh Ok ?h$c nhau n lm gi4m ch@t lDng h* thng, cn g)i lra5ing.
Tt 8h%ng 8h$8 hi*u Ru4 c4i thi*n tin c l O 5ng nhi>u ant!n L c4&u thu v &u 8h$t. Tt h* thng gm nhi>u ant!n nh thA g)i l h* thng T_Tj
fmultiVin8ut multiVout8ut. (* thng n Dc nghin cu th'ng Rua c$c m' 8hyngcNa m$ tnh BPt &u t3 nhZng nm 9, Oau 2 h* thng n Dc nhi>u ngi Ruant#m v 8h#n tch = h%n. T_Tj Dc O 5ng t=ong h* thng :] v Dc chuYn ho$thnh tiu chuYn _``` 9W.u ant!n thu Dc lDi 8h#n t8 cao. 1h hai, O 5ng nhi>u ant!n t=u>nnhi>u 5ng 5Z li*u Oong Oong Od tng 5ung lDng h* thng.
S 5ng h* thng T_Tj c2 th 6t Dc : lDi ch, 2 l t6o BH8, 8h#n t8 ?h'nggian v a hD8 ?h'ng gian.< )% C?: ; i:< :a MIMO
+ng c$ch t6o BH8, c$c ?iu Bc "6 ant!n 8h$t v thu c2 th t8 t=ung th!o mth7ng =ing. -$c tn hi*u t3 c$c ant!n 8h$t v thu c2 t%ng Ruan cng cao th
hi*u Ru4 t6o BH8 cng tt.
shi c$c tn hi*u Dc t=u>n t3 nhi>u h7ng ?h$c nhau t=ong ?h'ng gian Od t6o
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
20/88
-h%ng__ (* thng T_Tj
nn Ok 8h#n t8 ?h'ng gian, 8h#n t8 ?h'ng gian Od tng tin c cNa ?nh v' tuAn.i v7i mt ?nh T_Tj t=Png, c2 nghwa l c$c tn hi*u hon ton ?h'ng t%ng Ruan,h* O 8h#n t8 BX gi7i h6n BLi O ant!n 8h$t v thu. Sk t%ng Ruan ?h'ng gian cNa c$ctn hi*u Od gi4m h* O 8h#n t8 v 5o 2 # l mt Ec im ?nh Ruan t=)ng.
-$c ?nh T_Tj c2 th hq t=D c$c lung 5Z li*u Oong Oong Bng c$ch 8h$t v thut=n c$c B l)c ?h'ng gian t=kc giao fa hD8 ?h'ng gian. S c$c lung Dc gh8?nh 8h thuc vo h6ng cNa ma t=n ?nh tc thi (, ma t=n n 8h thuc vo c$cEc tnh ?h'ng gian cNa m'i t=ng v' tuAn. lDi gh8 ?nh ?h'ng gian c2 th
Bng min fK1, K t=ong m'i t=ng t$n "6 N l7n.
H=>< % |>< f @xD> MIMO
16o BH8, 8h#n t8, v gh8 ?nh ?h'ng gian l c$c ? thut c6nh t=anh v7i nhau. nu Bt vai t= cNa ?nh t=u>n 5Gn, Ok c#n Bng giZa t6o BH8, 8h#n t8 v gh8?nh ?h'ng gian c2 th Dc 8h#n tch thnh c$c c#n Bng lIng 8h#n fhnh W.W.
) ^pR d >] ;K>]%
Fo O 5ng nhi>u ant!n L c4 &u 8h$t v &u thu nn ?hi t=u>n tn hi*u ta c2 tht=u>n nhi>u ng 5Z li*u Oong Oong, chnh v thA m 5ung lDng h* thng Dc c4ithi*n.
C]%
/7i ?w thut " l ?h'ng gian th nhi0u L &u thu c2 th gi4m m6nh h%n Oo v7it=ng hD8 h* thng ch{ c2 mt ant!n thu.
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
21/88
-h%ng__ (* thng T_Tj
/7i ?w thut t6o BH8, tn hi*u Dc t=u>n i th!o h7ng mong mun 5o 2 c'ngOu@t 8h$t ch{ t8 t=ung vo h7ng mong mun, chnh v thA c2 th gi4m c'ng Ou@t 8h$tcNa c$c thiAt BX.
Tt 8h%ng 8h$8 hi*u Ru4 chng ra5ing l 8h#n t8. -$c ?w thut 8h#n t8gm 8h#n t8 ?h'ng gian, t&n O v thi gian. h#n t8 ?h'ng gian 8hC BiAn t=ongt=u>n th'ng vi Ba, v' tuAn v Dc chia lm W lo6i 8h#n t8 8h$t v 8h#n t8 thu.
9hn t;7 thu: Dc O 5ng t=ong c$c ?nh c2 nhi>u ant!n t6i m$ thu. ]i4 thiAtc$c tn hi*u thu Au 5&n c l8 v Dc ?At hD8 t6i m$ thu Oao cho tn hi*u thu Dcc2 ra5ing gi4m $ng ?. h#n t8 thu Dc Ec t=ng ho$ BLi O nh$nh ra5ing c l8v n2 Bng O ant!n thu.
9hn t;7 7hu ant!n 8h$t v
h* O 8h#n t8 Bng O ant!n 8h$t, Ec Bi*t nAu c$c ant!n 8h$t Dc Et N c$ch "anhau. 1h'ng tin Dc " l t6i m$ 8h$t v Oau 2 t=u>n t=n nhi>u ant!n 8h$t.
1=ong t=ng hD8 nhi>u ant!n L c4 &u 8h$t v &u thu th vi*c O 5ng 8h#n t8u c&u ?At hD8 8h#n t8 8h$t v 8h#n t8 thu. (* O 8h#n t8 BX gi7i h6n BLi tch cNaO ant!n 8h$t v thu.
W.u ant!n 5Gn An 8hc t68 l7n,th tch v gi$ thnh 8h&n cng l7n h%n Oo v7i h* thng S_Sj.
S 5ng cng nhi>u ant!n th ta cng thu Dc lDi 5o t6o BH8 v 8h#n t8 cngl7n. 1u nhin ?hi O 5ng nhi>u ant!n nh thA th th tch cNa c$c thiAt BX l7n fv OlDng ant!n v3a nhi>u v3a 8h4i 4m B4o ?ho4ng c$ch giZa c$c ant!n c$c ?nh?h'ng t%ng Ruan nhau t=ong ?hi u c&u i*n tho6i 5i ng cng ng cng nhy.
)( C?: ;o R?x @]
t=u>n th'ng tin th c2 nhi>u 8h%ng 8h$8 t=u>n 5Gn ?h$c nhau v nhi>u lo6im$ thu Dc $8 5ng. -hHng Dc O 5ng 8h thuc vo vi*c BiAt c$c tham O ?nhT_Tj tc thi t6i m$ 8h$t. KAu th'ng tin t=6ng th$i ?nh f-S_ ?h'ng Dc BiAt t6im$ 8h$t, th a hD8 ?h'ng gian fO8atial Tulti8l!"ingVST hoEc m ho$ thi gianV?h'ng gian fO8ac!Vtim! co5ingVS1- c2 th Dc O 5ng cho t=u>n 5Gn. KAu m$
8h$t c2 -S_, t6o BH8 Dc O 5ng 8h$t mt lung 5Z li*u %n Rua lin ?At v'tuAn. 1h!o 2, hi*u Ru4 8hC v tnh linh ho6t cNa h* thng c2 th Dc c4i tiAn. 1ht?h2 RuAt Xnh 8h%ng 8h$8 t=u>n 5Gn no l tt nh@t. -2 th ?At lun =ng vi*clka ch)n m' hnh t=u>n 5Gn 8h thuc vo tc Bit, 8hc t68 cNa h* thng, v
tin c. S1- c2 8hc t68 th@8 v c2 th 8h#n t8 cao nhng tc Bit BX h6n
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
22/88
-h%ng__ (* thng T_Tj
chA. ST cung c@8 tc Bit cao, nhng tin c th@8. 16o BH8 ?hai th$c lDi 5nl7n, nhng n2 u c&u c2 -S_.
1=ong h&u hAt c$c t=ng hD8, 8hc t68 cNa " l tn hi*u t6i m$ 8h$t l =@t
th@8 v 8h&n chnh cNa " l tn hi*u Dc thkc hi*n t6i m$ thu. T$ thu 8h4i l@ l6ic$c OmBol 8h$t t3 c$c OmBol thu hqn t68. Tt O B thu Dc $8 5ng l
M?x @] ]>] :g: ^ qMLs% T^ 6t Dc hi*u Ou@t h* thng ttnh@t f6t Dc 8h#n t8 ti a v te O lqi Bt f+` th@8 nh@t, nhng u c&u thutto$n t$ch O2ng 8hc t68 nh@t. T$ thu T^ tnh m)i tn hi*u thu ?h'ng c2 nhi0u Bngc$ch t=u>n m)i tn hi*u 8h$t BLi ma t=n t=u>n 6t ?nh T_Tj BiAt. Sau 2 n2tm tn hi*u Dc tnh th!o u im ti thiu ho$ ?ho4ng c$ch }clit cho tn hi*u thut=n thkc tA. -hH =ng Ru$ t=nh t$ch O2ng m' t4 L t=n
C?: R?x @]% -$c m$ thu p v TTS` thuc vo nh2m c$c m$thu l tLng.
! v' hi*u ho$ hon ton 4nh hLng cNa c$c tn hi*u An t3 c$cant!n 8h$t ?h$c v t$ch O2ng =ing =d m)i lung 5Z li*u. KhDc im cNa m$ thu nl 5o lo6i By 4nh hLng cNa c$c tn hi*u An t3 c$c ant!n 8h$t ?h$c, nhi0u cng c2 thtng m6nh v 5o 2 hi*u Ou@t gi4m m6nh. / " l =ing =d t3ng lung 5Z li*u, nn
8hc t68 cNa thut to$n n th@8 h%n nhi>u m$ thu T^.
! ?h'ng 5ka vo chiAn lDc hi tiA8 RuAt Xnh. T$ thu n ho6t ngt%ng tk nh 8h%ng 8h$8 "o$ v a v> ?h'ng Dc O 5ng cho c$c B t$ch O2ng angi O 5ng hoEc c$c B c#n Bng hi tiA8 RuAt Xnh t=ong c$c ?nh ra5ing S_Sjlka ch)n t&n O. /> ngun l, t@t c4 c$c tn hi*u thu Dc c#n Bng th!o 8h%ng 8h$8p fa v> ?h'ng v Oau 2 tn hi*u c2 SK cao nh@t fc2 th 50 5ng tnh Dc ?hic2 th'ng tin cNa ?nh T_Tj Dc t$ch O2ng Bng RuAt Xnh l7i. SmBol t$ch O2ngDc gi4 thiAt l chnh "$c v 4nh hLng cNa n2 i v7i v!ct% OmBol thu Dc Byf"2a. (i*u Ou@t cNa m$ thu "o$ v a v> ?h'ng nhy h%n hi*u Ou@t cNa m$ thu T^
v l7n h%n hi*u Ou@t cNa m$ thu tuAn tnh fp, TTS`.
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
23/88
-h%ng__ (* thng T_Tj
HQ @] MIMO ;g : >@>
) Gk @
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
24/88
-h%ng__ (* thng T_Tj
H=>< (% HQ @] MIMO ;g : >@>
/i*c lka ch)n O ant!n L m$ thu, m$ 8h$t 5ka vo =@t nhi>u tiu chuYn. Tt Otiu chuYn Ruan t=)ng t=ong 2 l tiu chuYn lka ch)n ti u, tiu chuYn SK.
2A2A2Aa Tiu 1huBn a 1hn t$i 'u
1iu chuYn lka ch)n ti u, v> mEt 5ung lDng, gm c2 lka ch)n t8 con ant!nckc 6i ho$ 5ung lDng cNa ?nh ?At Ru4 H%.
Fung lDng cNa ?nh Dc ch)n H%?hi 5ng c@8 8h$t c'ng Ou@t Bng nhau l
( ) ( )
W, log 5!t RLT
C H H H L
rr
= + % % %
fW.W
t=ong 2 5!tf. l Xnh thc cNa ma t=n v f. l chun vX lin hD8 cNa ma t=n,
^1, ^l O ant!n 8h$t v thu Dc ch)n, H%
l ma t=n ?nh Bao gm c4 t{ O SK .Fung lDng cNa H%?hi O 5ng c@8 8h$t c'ng Ou@t Bng 8h%ng 8h$8 zat!= rilling 50
5ng thu Dc t3 S/F cNa cNa H%.
1iu chuYn lka ch)n n =@t ?h2 thkc hi*n v n2 u c&u BiAt ma t=n ?nh (.
thu Dc th'ng tin t=6ng th$i ?nh f-S_, h* thng 8h4i 7c lDng T RN N ?nh
S_Sj, n2 =@t 8hc t68 ?hi TN v RN l7n. (%n nZa, tiu chuYn lka ch)n n u c&u
tnh 5ung lDng cNa t@t c4 t8 con ant!n ho6t ng.
1u nhin, lka ch)n ti u 6t Dc hi*u Ou@t cao h%n Oo v7i hi*u Ou@t cNa tiuchuYn lka ch)n thiAt thkc h%n.
2A2A2ADE Tiu 1huBn ?NFA
^ka ch)n ant!n c2 SK cao nh@t l mt tiu chuYn thiAt thkc. /> l thuAt, Ru
t=nh n gm c2 lka ch)n c$c ct cNa ( c2 TL chuYn }clit cao nh@t v t6o thnh ma
t=n TH% . Sau 2 c$c hng cNa TH% c2 RL chuYn }clit cao nh@t Dc ch)n hnh thnh
ma t=n H%.
1=ong Out Ru$ t=nh, B thu 50 5ng gi$m O$t SK t=n c$c ant!n thu. h&n cng%n gi4n nh B ch{ thX cng tn hi*u, cung c@8 th'ng tin n cho B thu m?h'ng u c&u " l Bng t&n gc. KAu cng tn hi*u Dc tnh t=ung Bnh Rua
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
25/88
-h%ng__ (* thng T_Tj
mt O lDng l7n c$c OmBol T_Tj v c$c OmBol t=n c$c ant!n 8h$t c l8 nhau,
th Ru t=nh n t%ng %ng v7i lka ch)n RL hng cNa TH% c2 chuYn }clit cao nh@t.
T$ 8h$t u c&u mt O th'ng tin v> ?nh ch)n t8 con c$c ant!n 8h$t.
m$ 8h$t c2 th'ng tin -S_ & N l mt nhi*m v 8hc t68, Bao gm 7c lDng ?nht6i m$ thu v hi tiA8 -S_ t3 m$ thu t7i m$ 8h$t. Fo 2, t=ong c$c h* thng Oong
c'ng 8h#n chia th!o t&n O fpFF, tiu chuYn SK =@t ?h2 thkc hi*n nAu T TL N< .
-$c h* thng pFF c2 th $8 5ng tiu chuYn SK Bng c$ch ch)n T TL N= , nghwa l
O 5ng t@t c4 c$c ant!n tai m$ 8h$t. i>u n cng c2 nghwa l TN BX gi7i h6n BLi
c'ng Ou@t " l cNa h* thng.
1=ong c$c h* thng Oong c'ng 8h#n chia th!o thi gian f1FF, ?nh mang tnh
thun nghXch. T$ 8h$t c2 th thu th'ng tin t=n ?nh Rua Ok t=u>n 5Gn cNa mt cmhoa tiu ngDc chi>u nga l8 tc t=7c ?hi t=u>n 5Gn ?hung Ruan t=)ng. T$ 8h$t?h'ng u c&u BiAt & N -S_. SK t%ng ng v7i mqi ant!n 8h$t c2 th Dc "$cXnh Bng c$ch 5ng cng mt Ru t=nh 7c lDng nh cho m$ thu. 1=ong mt h*thng thkc tA, chnh "$c cNa vi*c 7c lDng BX gi7i h6n BLi chi>u 5i cNa cm hoatiu.
1=ong 8h&n cn l6i, 7c lDng SK t=n c$c ant!n 8h$t v thu Dc gi4 thiAtchnh "$c.
( HQ @] MIMO [~ b9>] SV/
S/F cNa ( gm Ba ma t=n ( ) ( ), , =! V SVD H , t=ong 2 v / l c$c ma
t=n unita=, v l ma t=n ng cho cNa c$c gi$ t=X =ing cNa ( Dc OP8 "A8 th!ot=nh tk gi4m.
S/F cNa ( l
H ! V=
t=ong 2 *V l chun vX lin hD8 cNa /.
1h!o 8h#n tch S/F, ma t=n ?nh ( Dc 8h#n tch thnh mt O chA t=kcgiao c l8, m Dc "!m nh l c$c chA =ing cNa ?nh. snh T_Tj Dc BiAnCi thnh c$c ?nh S_Sj Oong Oong c2 lDi ?h'ng Bng nhau.
-$c h* thng T_Tj O 5ng 8h%ng 8h$8 S/F u c&u BiAt -S_ & N L c48ha m$ 8h$t v m$ thu. Tt O t=X =ing Dc By gi4m 8hc t68 cNa S/F, cNac$c ho6t ng m ho$ v gi4i m. (! thng ch)n ^ chA tch ckc. Jt ma t=n Dc
hnh thnh BLi ^ ct &u tin cNa / v , c th ( ),
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
26/88
-h%ng__ (* thng T_Tj
( ) ( )# ! HV$ n $ n= + = +%% % fW.:
t=ong 2 ( ), ] ;K>] :a :?: e|>< MIMO k ;g : >@>
16i 8ha thu, lka ch)n t8 con ant!n lm gi4m 8hc t68. 16i 8ha 8h$t, lkach)n t8 con ant!n ?h'ng nhZng gi4m 8hc t68, m cn c4i tiAn 5ung lDng cNac$c h* thng T_Tj v7i gi$ t=X cNa mt lDng ti thiu th'ng tin hi tiA8. -$c thutto$n hi*u Ru4 v nhanh Dc 8h$t minh "$c Xnh c$c t8 con ant!n Dc lka ch)n.
#, lun vn 8h#n tch 5ung lDng cNa ?nh lka ch)n ant!n t=ong c$c chA SK th@8 v SK cao u ant!n 8h$t h%n ant!n thu. chnh l*ch l tel* vDt Ru$ gi7i h6n 5o hi tiA8 t=6ng th$i ?nh. 1e l* vDt Ru$ ?h'ng Dc gi7i h6nt=ong zat!=Vrillingx ?hi mt 8h&n -S_ Dc BiAt t6i m$ 8h$t te l* vDt Ru$ gi7i h6nvGn cn nhng nhy h%n. / 5, mt 8h&n -S_ Bao gm lka ch)n ant!n 8h$t v hi tiA8
hi*8 BiAn ?nh. Sk tng te l* vDt Ru$ gi7i h6n v7i O lDng ant!n 8h$t l 8h8 o tnhhi*u Ru4 cNa -S_ Dc O 5ng BLi 8h%ng 8h$8 cho.
1a O 5ng c$c ? hi*u Oau. ` l gi$ t=X ? v)ng cNa BiAn ngGu nhin,RN
l ma
t=n %n vX R RN N , f"ma"",9, v 9,bUUW
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
27/88
-h%ng__ (* thng T_Tj
Dc lka ch)n. ]ha=aviV;l?hanOa=i v ]=!Ohman ch{ =a =ng lka ch)n lin tc tngln 5Gn An 8hc t68 tnh to$n t i
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
28/88
-h%ng__ (* thng T_Tj
cNa BiAn ngGu nhin n c2 th Dc tnh nh Oau
WW ,
u ant!n Dcch)n th 5ung lDng l6i cao h%n. 1nh to$n gi$ t=X n, ta c2
log RT
LN
NG%B fW.W9
&& Lg : eD@
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
34/88
-h%ng__ (* thng T_Tj
O h6ng #m t=ong 8h%ng t=nh fW.WW t%ng ng v7i Ok tng c'ng Ou@t t=n mqi ant!n5o lka ch)n ant!n, v O h6ng 5%ng t%ng ng v7i vi*c c2 nhi>u tuAn t=u>n tnhi*u h%n ?hi ta O 5ng ^1ant!n tha v ^1Vu ?A ho6ch tn hi*u ho$ thi gianV?h'ng gian t=u>n thngnh c$c m thi gianV?h'ng gian t=kc giao, c$c m$ thu tuAn tnh v /+^;S1
n h: @i>< :a @| : ;g : >@>
-$c &u vo cNa ma t=n ?nh ( l c$c BiAn ]auOO 8hc 8h#n B ng 56ng vc l8 fi.i.5 c2 t=ung Bnh ?h'ng, 8h%ng Oai Bng @> @A & >@> k @W;;>]
at!= rilling l ?w thut t=ong 2 c'ng Ou@t cNa c$c ?nh ?h'ng gian Dc i>uch{nh 5ka t=n lDi cNa c$c ?nh. -$c ?nh c2 lDi cao h%n Od Dc c@8 nhi>u c'ngOu@t h%n.
-$c ?At Ru4 m' 8hyng cho c$c h* thng $8 5ng c@8 8h$t c'ng Ou@t Bng
8h%ng 8h$8 zat!=rilling Dc Biu 5i0n t=ong hnh Oau. 16i SK cao, 5ung lDng cNac$c h* thng tng tuAn tnh v7i SKf5+, v 5c cNa c$c ng cong 8h thucvo O c$c gi$ t=X t=u>n 5Gn =ing. / ?nh l i.i.5, "$c "u@t cho ?!nh ?m ch@t lDng
Dc Ru Xnh Bng 9. Fo 2 O gi$ t=X t=u>n 5Gn =ing Bng ( )min ,R TN N .
W
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
35/88
-h%ng__ (* thng T_Tj
H=>< *% />] ;K>] :a e|>< d :?: @> :}l l
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
36/88
-h%ng__ (* thng T_Tj
H=>< +% />] ;K>] e|>< d :?: @> :}l l
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
37/88
-h%ng__ (* thng T_Tj
H=>< % />] ;K>] e|>< d :?: @> ;g : >@>@Wo>] [ & >@> :}l l
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
38/88
-h%ng__ (* thng T_Tj
H=>< % Mf < we
1a c2 th Biu 5i0n tn hi*u thu Bng gc cNa mt ng t$n "6 nh l $8 ng
cNa ?nh ln "ung f t
OW f oO f , f d sj ) c t
s s( t C e += fW.W:
t=ong 2 Ol t=0 thi gian cNa mt ng t=u>n a ng t3 mt vt t$n "6, Ol c$c 8ha ngGu nhin B >u t=ong 54i 9,W
1=ong m' hnh a?!, tn hi*u thu Bng gc cNa nhi>u ng t$n "6 l
ft "ft hft, "ft hft, 5
= = fW.W
O
5 O O^ n O v7iO^ n An t=7c tin f99 v lu i>u ?i*n fW.W\ th ta c2 th
%n gi4n hftx thnh hft nh Oau
[ ]O
5 O O
^ < W fr coO t
O
O 9
hft a !-
p a q
=
= fW.:
f tft! Q= a
ft
v
ft"ft ft
shi ng t=u>n c2 Bng th'ng =ng ftn hi*u c2 =ng 8hC l7n ta c2
+OV< fW.:bt=ong 2 +VO
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
41/88
-h%ng__ (* thng T_Tj
cho ra5ing 8hng cn $8 ng "ung f t ?nh 56ng fW.:U Ec t=ng cho ra5ing ch)n
l)c. 1a c2 th coi fW.W l t=ng hD8 Ec Bi*t cNa fW.:U ?hi ^u B4n Oao tn hi*u gc t=ong 2 mqi B4n Oao
BX t=0
- , Ou gi4m -a
v 5Xch 8ha -Q
. 1=ong ?nh Bng =ng, nAu c$c tn hi*u An m$thu t3 nhZng ng t=u>n ?h$c nhau t=ong ?ho4ng thi gian nhy h%n < f @xD> b ^_>] X>] ^K`>] @W ^ >u gi4 O =ng th'ng tin ?nh Dc BiAt honton tm =a t8 con ant!n ti u. Kgoi =a, c$c thut to$n n ?h'ng th 5ng choc$c ?nh BiAn thin th!o thi gian. 1=ong 8h&n n a =a thut to$n "@8 "{ ngGunhin =i =6c lka ch)n t8 con ant!n ti u 5ka t=n u im cNa c$c ?w thut ti ungGu nhin =i =6c. KhZng ?w thut n ti u hm i tDng fv 5 th'ng tin t%ng hqckc 6i ha tc lqi Bit ckc tiu th'ng Rua t8 c$c th'ng O ft8 c$c ant!n Dc O
5ng ?hi hm i tDng ?h'ng th tm Bng gi4i tch m ch{ c2 th 7c lDng. -$c8h%ng 8h$8 n cng nh c$c thut to$n l)c thch ng t=u>n thng, v 5 nh thutto$n ^TS fl!aOt m!anVORua=!O t=ong 2 mqi B7c lE8 thut to$n Od tnh to$n =i c8nht cho B7c Oau 6t Dc ?At Ru4 tt h%n. Fo 2 thut to$n Od hi t An t8 ant!nti u. Khng t=ong t=ng hD8 n, c$c th'ng O Dc ti u Od nhn c$c gi$ t=X =i=6c.
i v7i c$c th'ng O lin tc th c$c thut to$n thch ng =i =6c cng hi t v>t8 con ti u. -$c thut to$n n m@t nhi>u thi gian t6i gi$ t=X ti u h%n B@t ? gi$ t=X
no ?h$c. 1=ong 8ha tc thi c$c thut to$n hi t th!o c@8 O nh#n An vng l#n cncNa im ti u. ]&n # c$c ?w thut n cng Dc ng 5ng gi4i RuAt c$c v@n> ?h$c t=ong t=u>n th'ng v' tuAn.
shi ?nh T_Tj BiAn thin th!o thi gian th t8 con ant!n cng ?h'ng cn cXnh nZa. shi gE8 tnh hung n chHng ta c2 th mL =ng thut to$n c2 th tm =ac@u hnh ant!n ti u BiAn thin th!o thi gian. 1hut to$n &u tin a =a l O 5ng?ch th7c B7c c Xnh tm t8 con ti u. /i*c lka ch)n gi$ t=X ?ch th7c B7ccng =@t Ruan t=)ng, n2 RuAt Xnh tc hi t v Cn Xnh. 1u nhin, c$c gi$ t=X
n =@t ?h2 lka ch)n v ?h'ng BiAt Dc BiAn ng cNa ?nh. Fo 2, hi*u Ou@t tm?iAm c2 th Dc ti u Bng c$ch thm vo mt thut to$n thch ng v7i mc ch
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
48/88
-h%ng___ ^ka ch)n T_Tj ant!n
i>u ch{nh th'ng O ?ch th7c B7c. / thA mt thut to$n thch ng th hai Dc a=a Bao gm hai thut to$n thch ng gh8 cho fu ?nh. -$c ?nh n 8h4ic l8 nhau nAu c2 th v c$c O#u ra5ing ?h'ng "u@t hi*n cng lHc. -2 nhi>u c$ch t6o =a c$c ?nh c l8. h#n t8 c2 th Dc ng 5ng t6i m$ 8h$t v m$ thu.h#n t8 m$ thu l mt ?w thut Dc BiAt An ?h$ nhi>u. -n 8h#n t8 8h$t l mt ?wthut ?At hD8 chEt chd v7i m ho$ ?h'ng gian thi gian.
P(/n t1& t2n s3
Tt 8h%ng 8h$8 t6o c$c ?nh c l8 l O 5ng c$c nhi>u O2ng mang v7i nhi>ut&n O ?h$c nhau t=u>n 5Gn. 6t Dc lDi 8h#n t8 c$c O2ng mang 8h4i c2?h4 nng 8h#n chia c$c nh$nh c2 ?h4 nng ?h'ng t%ng Ruan. Tt 8h%ng 8h$8t6o lo6i 8h#n t8 n l O 5ng mt O lo6i m ho$ t=n c$c t&n O. 1=ong 8h%ng
8h$8 n ?iu m ho$ c2 th 5ng Oa lqi, lqi n "u@t hi*n 5o ra5ing lka ch)n t&nO.
P(/n t1& &(/n c4c 5&,-%ri6%ti,n di"ersit#7
Tt c$ch ?h$c t6o c$c ?nh ?h'ng t%ng Ruan l O 5ng c$c lo6i 8h#n ckc ?h$c
nhau ?hi t=u>n ha nhn tn hi*u. KAu m$ 8h$t O 5ng c$c tn hi*u 8h#n ckc ngangv 8h#n ckc 5)c, th hai tn hi*u n Od Dc 8h4n "6 ?h$c nhau v 5o 2 chHng Od cl8 nhau t6i m$ thu. h%ng 8h$8 n ch{ Dc O 5ng cho W nh$nh t=u>n hai tnhi*u 8h#n ckc ?h$c nhau.
P(/n t1& 89c5%n8-e di"ersit#7
Tt tn hi*u ra5ing a ng Bao gm nhi>u thnh 8h&n tn hi*u BX t$n "6, c$c tnhi*u n An ant!n thu th!o nhi>u ng ?h$c nhau nn c$c g2c cng ?h$c nhau. -$c
tn hi*u An t3 nhi>u ng ?h$c nhau Od h&u nh c l8 nhau. /7i c$c tn hi*u?h'ng t%ng Ruan n ta Od thu Dc lDi 8h#n t8.
W
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
49/88
-h%ng___ ^ka ch)n T_Tj ant!n
P(/n t1& k(:n8 8i%n 5s&%ce di"ersit#7
Tt ?w thut 8h#n t8 8hC BiAn 2 l 8h#n t8 ?h'ng gian. 1=ong 8h%ng 8h$8n c$c ant!n thu Dc Et L nhZng vX t= ?h$c nhau. i>u n t6o i>u ?i*n cho m$thu nhn Dc tn hi*u t3 nhi>u ng ?h$c nhau. 16i m$ 8h$t cng c2 th c2 nhi>uant!n ?hi 2 ta thu Dc lDi 8h#n t8 8h$t. t%ng Ruan giZa c$c ?nh Od gi4mnAu ?ho4ng c$ch giZa c$c ant!n tng. sho4ng c$ch c&n thiAt c$c ?nh ?h'ng t%ngRuan Dc "$c Xnh chN Au Bng B7c O2ng cNa O2ng mang. shi tn hi*u thu Dcgm nhi>u thnh 8h&n c2 mc tn hi*u "@8 "{ Bng nhau v gi4 O =ng 8h#n B th!o?h'ng gian cNa c$c thnh 8h&n n nm t=ong ?ho4ng 9 An W , ?hi 2 t%ng RuanDc tnh nh Oau
W
9
5 W =
1=ong 2 9 l hm +!OO!l Bc ?h'ng
H=>
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
50/88
-h%ng___ ^ka ch)n T_Tj ant!n
( HQ @] MIMO k [g ;g : >@>
1=7c tin, lun vn t8 t=ung vo lka ch)n ant!n Dc thkc hi*n t6i m$ thu 5o
2 K1n1. 18 con R Rn N ant!n thu lm vi*c Dc "$c Xnh BLi thut to$n lka ch)n
ho6t ng t6i m$ thu lka ch)n t8 con ti u cNa t@t c4 c$c t8 conNRn
R
c2 th c2.
H=>@>
1Cng Ru$t h%n, lka ch)n ant!n cng c2 th Dc thkc hi*n t6i m$ 8h$t v7i thutto$n lka ch)n t%ng tk mEc 5 8ha 8h$t c&n 8h4i BiAt th'ng tin ?nh. # l t=nghD8 ?hi m$ thu c2 th 8h4n hi th'ng tin t=6ng th$i ?nh cho m$ 8h$t. 1=ong t=nghD8 8h4n hi BX gi7i h6n giZa m$ 8h$t v m$ thu, thut to$n lka ch)n c2 th thkchi*n t6i m$ thu v ch{ c2 th'ng tin v> c$c ch{ O ant!n Dc O 5ng 8h4n hi t7i m$
8h$t.
1=ong t=ng hD8 lka ch)n ant!n c4 hai 8ha thu v 8h$t, c$c thut to$n lka ch)n
t%ng tk c2 th Dc O 5ng mEc 5N NR Tn nR T
tng =@t nhanh. Fo v, nAu lka ch)nant!n t6i m$ 8h$t, c$c chuYn ti u ?h$c nhau Od Dc "t lka ch)n t8 con ant!ntt nh@t.
[ ]H l ma t=n con ?nh f R Tn n t%ng ng v7i t8 con ant!n thu , nghwa l
c$c hng cNa ( t%ng ng v7i c$c ant!n Dc ch)n.
1n hi*u thu t%ng ng l
T
# H s nn
r
&= + f:.
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
51/88
-h%ng___ ^ka ch)n T_Tj ant!n
hu@n lu*n ft=ainingU. ]i4 O mqi ?hi c$c OmBol Bao gm TT n c$c OmBol hu@n
lu*n Of
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
52/88
-h%ng___ ^ka ch)n T_Tj ant!n
t=ong 2 Biu thX ckc 6i cNa hm i tDng. 1u nhin t=ong thkc tA, ta
?h'ng BiAt Dc gi$ t=X chnh "$c cNa ?nh H x tha vo 2 ta c2 th 7c lDng
?nh H .
]i4 O t6i thi im n m$ thu tnh Dc 7c lDng ?nh, [ ] ,H n , v tnh 7c
lDng hm i tDng [ ]f H ? hi*u l [ ],n . -ho mt chuqi c$c BiAn ngGu nhin
8h#n B c l8 v ng 56ng [ ]{ }, , ?nh Dc
BiAt hon ton v v coi nh 2 l c$c Bi to$n ti u tC hD8 "$c Xnh. TEt ?h$c, tagi4 O =ng ch{ "4 =a Ok 7c lDng ?nh v v Bi to$n lka ch)n ant!n t%ng ng t=Lthnh Bi to$n ti u ngGu nhin =i =6c. F7i #, lun vn t=nh B 8h%ng 8h$8tnh g&n Hng ngGu nhin =i =6c tCng Ru$t gi4i Bi to$n ti u ngGu nhin =i =6ct=ong f:.U v "t c$c 56ng ?h$c nhau cNa hm i tDng 57i c$c chuYn ?h$c nhau,nh th'ng tin t%ng hq ckc 6i, tc lqi Bit nhy nh@t
(( C?: @ @i>< ]> ^>] >] > W` W:
-2 mt O 8h%ng 8h$8 c2 th 5ng gi4i Bi to$n ti u ngGu nhin =i =6ct=ong f:.U. Tt 8h%ng 8h$8 ?m hi*u Ru4 gi4i f:.U l tnh K 7c lDng cNa hmi tDng cho mqi t8 con ant!n v tnh gi$ t=X t=ung Bnh th!o ?inh nghi*m g&nHng v7i gi$ t=X chnh "$c cNa hm i tDng. Kghwa l, v7i mqi tnh
th!n
Et ( ) ( )
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
55/88
-h%ng___ ^ka ch)n T_Tj ant!n
T4Gng D'J1 Ry 6Su + 'J1 'Ing t8 con ant!n thch hD8 ( )n% Dclka ch)n >u t3 f n . -2 mt O c$ch ?h$c nhau lka ch)n t8 con ant!n thchhD8 ( )n% . -h)n mt t8 con ant!n m7i ( )n% Bng c$ch tha Ci ch{ mt ant!n t=ong
f n . Xnh nghwa ?ho4ng c$ch ( ) ( )( ),n nd % l O c$c ant!n ?h$c nhau giZa hai t8 conant!n ( )n% v f n . Fo 2, ta c2 th ch)n ( ) ( )n n '% Oao cho ( ) ( )( ),
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
56/88
-h%ng___ ^ka ch)n T_Tj ant!n
Ruan O$t mt c$ch c l8 t=ong B7c l@ mGu v 7c lDng L thut to$n :. c8 ngPn g)n Ba thaCi cNa B7c l@ mGu v 7c lDng, O 5ng Ru$ t=nh Ruan O$t t%ng Ruan cNa hmi tDng.
u l&n Ruan O$t ?nh ging nhau fnghwa l O5ng 7c lDng ?nh ging nhau tnh mt O Ruan O$t cNa hm i tDng 57i c$cc@u hnh ant!n ?h$c nhau.
T(> (%il ?At hD8 chEt chd c$c gi4i 8h$8 lka ch)n ant!n hoEc gi4m ?chth7c cNa c$c t=6ng th$i chun Ci c2 th "4 =a t=ong lung Ta=?ov.
T(> b%l c$c gi4i 8h$8 lai 5ka vo Ok ?At hD8 cNa thut to$n :.< v " lth!o hng lo6t fv 5 tm ?iAm ton B 5ka t=n c$c 7c lDng ?nh hoEc c$c lkach)n.
-huqi { }f n Dc t6o BLi thut to$n l mt chuqi Ta=?ov L ?h'ng gian t=6ng
th$i . TEt ?h$c, 57i c$c i>u ?i*n no 2 chuqi fn hi t g&n t7i ckc 6i ton
B
. / thA, fn
c2 th Dc "!m l 7c lDng t6i B7c n cNa t8 con ant!n ti u
.
T4Gng D'J1 DK 1 th1h ng: c8 nht c$c ?h4 nng chiAm giZ t=6ng
th$i L thut to$n :.
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
57/88
-h%ng___ ^ka ch)n T_Tj ant!n
= , , = , , ,n n n n & & & & * *> > > f:. > >% % f:.
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
58/88
-h%ng___ ^ka ch)n T_Tj ant!n
n 9
-h)n t8 con ant!n Ban &u f9
shLi t6o c$c v!cto= Vchi>u [ ]h 9 , [ ]l 9 v [ ]? 9 >u Bng ?h'ng
po= n9,
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
59/88
-h%ng___ ^ka ch)n T_Tj ant!n
U'J1 Ry 6SuE '(1 '(Wng + 1;7 nh;tt=ong thut to$n :.W c2 th Dc viAt l6inh thut to$n thch ng c2 B7c gi4m l c8 nht ma t=n ng cho s. v7i
( )
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
60/88
-h%ng___ ^ka ch)n T_Tj ant!n
{ }f n L thut to$n :.< ?h'ng i hyi hi t, m ch{ c2 fn m7i hi t. -hH t=ong
thut to$n :.W, ta u c&u mt Ok 7c lDng hm i tDng t=ong mqi B7c lE8 nn n2ichung 8hc t68 cNa thut to$n n cng ging v7i thut to$n :.
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
61/88
-h%ng___ ^ka ch)n T_Tj ant!n
^nh ] ) +iAn ngGu nhin t=ong f:.
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
62/88
-h%ng___ ^ka ch)n T_Tj ant!n
W W W E & &&s m= - f:.W:
J!m chng minh t=ong 8h lc W
Thu;t tG
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
63/88
-h%ng___ ^ka ch)n T_Tj ant!n
chuYn p=oB!niuO ckc 6i. (nh :.W Biu 5i0n th'ng tin t%ng hq cNa t8 con ant!n ttnh@t, "@u nh@t, cng nh th'ng tin t%ng hq t=ung Bnh giZa c$c c@u hnh ant!n
B
= .
H=>] >@> ^K: : [o k [ XKk: ;hl >
1iA8 th!o, t=ong hnh :.:, "t U99 B7c lE8 mqi l&n thkc hi*n v tnh t=ung Bnhth'ng tin t%ng hq cNa t8 con ant!n Dc ch)n t6i t@t c4 c$c B7c lE8 Rua
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
64/88
-h%ng___ ^ka ch)n T_Tj ant!n
H=>] X=>< :?: ]? @Wj @] @> @KJ>] >@> ^K:: Xt @ () d ( [o k XKk: ;hl >
(nh :. ch{ =a th'ng tin t%ng hq t=ung Bnh Rua ] X=>< :?: ]? @Wj @] @> :] :a :?: @l :o> >@> ^K: :[o k [ XKk: ;hl :a @ @]
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
65/88
-h%ng___ ^ka ch)n T_Tj ant!n
(& Gk @ ;Q ; :g: @p
Jt h* thng t=ong hnh :.< t=ong 2 5Z li*u Dc t=u>n O Dc a vo n1ant!n 8h$t. uan h* &u voV&u =a Dc Biu 5i0n th!o f:.
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
66/88
-h%ng___ ^ka ch)n T_Tj ant!n
-hH =ng vi*c tnh Wmin, rd Dc thkc hi*n Rua ( )n l
WW
min, ,
min f nTi jt i js s A
d s s
= th
W W W
min, min min, r td d . Fo v chuYn lka ch)n c2 th Dc%n gi4n ho$ lka ch)n t8 con ant!n m ma t=n ?nh ?At hD8 cNa n2 H c2 gi$ t=X =ing ti thiu l7n nh@t. 1=ong Bi to$n n, 5ka vo 7c lDng ?nh t6i thi
im n, ta Etmin , , n n
= .
1a "t thut to$n :.< c2 K>@> ^K: ;g : ^ k [ XKk: ;hl >
1a thkc hi*n [9 B7c lE8 cNa thut to$n. (nh :.b Biu 5i0n mt B7c ch6 cNa
thut to$n. (nh :.\ ch{ =a t=ung Bnh
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
67/88
-h%ng___ ^ka ch)n T_Tj ant!n
tin t%ng hq ti a, mEc 5 m@t mt ?ho4ng thi gian hi t, nhng thut to$n 5Xch
chun ?h$ nhanh t7i t8 con ant!n m ?nh cNa n2 c2 min cao.
1hut to$n :.< O 5ng c$c hm chi 8h L t=n hi t t7i t8 con ant!n m ckc 6i
ho$ min, rd hoEc min . 1u nhin, nhZng chuYn n ?h'ng c&n thiAt 8h4i ti thiu ho$"$c "u@t lqi Bit v chHng 5ka vo c$c gi7i h6n. 1=n thkc tA, c2 tnh hung m c4 hait=ng hD8 hi t t7i c$c t8 con ant!n ?h$c nhau v ?h'ng c2 t=ng hD8 no t%ngng v7i t8 con ant!n ti thiu "$c "u@t lqi Bit. Kgun nh#n chnh l gi7i h6n n ch{chEt chd ?hi te O tn hi*u t=n nhi0u l7n.
H=>] X=>< q )'' XKk: : >< :a :?:@l :o> >@> ^K: : ^ k [ XKk: ;hl >
t=nh B hi*n tDng n ta "t mt h* thng c2 K
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
68/88
-h%ng___ ^ka ch)n T_Tj ant!n
.T
6 G# GH s Gnn
r&= = +
f:.W[
/7i c$c m$ thu tuAn tnh, "$c "u@t lqi OmBol BX 4nh hLng BLi vi*c " l te O
tn hi*u t=n nhi0u. /7i m$ thu lqi Bnh 8h%ng t=ung Bnh nhy nh@t fTTS`, Oau ?hi$8 5ng ma t=n c#n Bng ( )
"u@t, mt Ok 7c lDng cNa te l* lqi Dc O 5ng nhhm chi 8h t=ong thut to$n tnh "#8 "i ngGu nhin tha v 7c lDng v> gi7i h6n. /
5, O 5ng thut to$n gi4i m T^ t=ong f:.
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
70/88
-h%ng___ ^ka ch)n T_Tj ant!n
-hH c$c OmBol gi4 Ort=n thkc tA ?h'ng Dc gi Rua ?nh. -hHng ch{ Dct6o t6i m$ thu 7c l%ng +`.
|u im chnh cNa 8h%ng 8h$8 n l L chA SK cao, +` c2 th =@t th@8v 5o 2 mt O lDng l7n c$c OmBol gi4 c&n Dc O 5ng nAu ta mun thu Dc 7c
l%ng +` tt. TEt ?h$c, n2 Dc Ruan O$t BLi c$c m' 8hyng m t8 con ant!n c2+` nhy nh@t t6i gi$ t=X SK
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
71/88
-h%ng___ ^ka ch)n T_Tj ant!n
(nh :. Biu 5i0n +` cNa ant!n Dc ch)n BLi thut to$n Oo Oanh +` na v7iant!n c2 +` "@u nh@t, tt nh@t v t=ung Bnh. -2 th th@ =ng thut to$n h'i tu t7it8 con ant!n ti u.
1iA8 th!o, "t anh h%ng cua 8h%ng 8h$8 n t=ong h* thng O 5ng m$ thu
+^;S1 "o$ v a v> ?h'ng. Jt chuYn TTS` v7i 8h8 to$n a v> ?h'ng. S 5ngO nh#n 5in ?nh v c$c tham O h* thng ging nh t=ong t=ng hD8 T^. -$c Ruat=inh m' 8hyng 5i Dc thkc hi*n v7i gi4 thiAt ?nh Dc BiAt hon ton Rua t@t c4c$c c@u hnh ant!n tm +` ?At hD8 v7i mqi t8 con ant!n. 1a O 5ng 99 OmBolgi4 t=n mqi B7c lE8. (nh :.[ Biu 5i0n +` cNa ant!n Dc ch)n BLi thut to$n, OoO$nh v7i ant!n c2 +` ti nh@t, tt nh@t v t=ung Bnh. Kh t=ong t=ng hD8 T^,thut to$n h'i tut7i t8 con ant!n ti u.
H=> >@> ^K: : ^ k [ XKk: ;hl > @Wo>] ] R?x @ ?h'ng. Et [d@ = v O 5ng 1\ OmBol hu@nlu*n t=kc giao %c l%ng ?nh. -$c Ruat=inh m' 8hyng 5i Dc thkc hi*n v7i gi4thiAt BiAt = ?nh Rua t@t c4 c$c c@u hnh ant!n tm +` chnh "$c ?At hD8 v7i mqit8 con ant!n. Jt l#n thc hin thut to$n ?h$c nhau 8h thuc vo 5i cNa chuqigi4 m v Dc O 5ng t=ong m' 8hyng fa m' 8hyng %c l%ng +` t6i m)i
B7c lE8 cNa thut to$n Dc thkc hi*n v7i chnh "$c cNa ?nh v mb99 OmBolgi4x fB gi4m 8hc t68, m' 8hyng Dc thkc hi*n v7i SK chnh "$c cNa ?nh v%i
[d@ = nhng ch{ v7i mW9 OmBol gi4x fc SK Dc gi4m "u'ng bd@ = v
mb99 OmBol gi4x f5 SK gi4m "u'ng bd@ = v mW9 OmBol gi4.
\b
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
72/88
-h%ng___ ^ka ch)n T_Tj ant!n
1=ong hnh :. h'i tu Bng c$ch gi4m SK cNa c$c m'8hyng fgi4 thiAt =ng SK ?h$c nhau ?h'ng nhi>u v O 5ng chuqi OmBol gi4 mngPn h%n.
H=>@> ^K: : ^ k [ XKk: ;hl > @Wo>] e< XD> @@
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
73/88
-h%ng___ ^ka ch)n T_Tj ant!n
BiAn thin cNa ?nh l ch#m vi*c Bam th!o la ?h4 thi. -$c thut to$n tnh "#8 "ingGu nhin =i =6c thch ng Dc a =a t=ong 8h&n n c2 th $8 5ng t=kc tiA8 cho
B@t ? hm i tDng no.
(n) T @i>< Zl Z>] > W` W: ei:< @
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
74/88
-h%ng___ ^ka ch)n T_Tj ant!n
H=> @KJ>] >@> ^K: ;g : ^k [ XKk: ;hl > qei:< @
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
75/88
-h%ng___ ^ka ch)n T_Tj ant!n
th cng nhy
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
76/88
-h%ng___ ^ka ch)n T_Tj ant!n
V
1n Ec tnhng cNa Bi to$n. K2 tk thch ng tm Ec tnh ng cNa ?nh v t8 con ant!n tt
nh@t n .
T ((. 1hut to$n tnh "#8 "ingGu nhin =i =6c ?ch th7c B7c thchng.
U9
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
77/88
-h%ng___ ^ka ch)n T_Tj ant!n
]i7i h6n ?ch th7c B7c l 9 = , 9,99:+ = v tc tiA8 thu l 9,999b = .(6n chA gi4i 8h$8 thch hD8 lka ch)n c$c t8 con ant!n v7i FW. (nh :.
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
78/88
-h%ng___ ^ka ch)n T_Tj ant!n
t%ng hq l hm cNa thi gian cng Dc Biu 5i0n Oo O$nh. 1hut to$n ?ch th7cB7c thch ng c2 ?hanng B$m tt h%n thut to$n ?ch th7c B7c Bng hng O.
H=> @KJ>] >@> ^K: : ^ k[ XKk: ;hl > qei:< @
^un vn t=in ?hai c$c thut to$n lka ch)n ant!n T_Tj 5ka vo nhi>u tiu chuYnhi*u nng ?h$c nhau t=ong c$c t=ng hD8 m ch{ c2 c$c 7c tnh nhi0u cNa ?nh BiAnthin. -$c ? thut Dc > "u@t 5ka t=n c$c thut to$n tnh g&n Hng ngGu nhin =i=6c, m t6o mt chuqi c$c t8 con ant!n t=ong 2 mqi t8 con m7i thu Dc t3 t8 cont=7c. Tt Ec im Ruan t=)ng cNa 8h%ng 8h$8 Dc > "u@t l ?h'ng c&n thiAt m't4 56ng g&n Hng cNa hm i tDng m ch{ 7c tnh n2 l N. Fo 2, thut to$n c2?h4 nng ch)n t8 con ant!n ti thiu ho$ te l* lqi ?hung, ? hi*u hoEc Bit, 57i B@t ?? thut T_Tj no fv 5, +^;S1, m ho$ thi gianV?h'ng gian v v7i 8h%ng
8h$8 t$ch O2ng m$ thu B@t ?.
^un vn cng t=in ?hai c$c thut to$n lka ch)n ant!n cho c$c t=ng hD8BiAn thin th!o thi gian m c$c t8 con ant!n ti u BiAn thin chm. +ng c$ch 5ngc$c thut to$n tnh g&n Hng ngGu nhin =i =6c ?ch th7c B7c c Xnh v thch ng,c@u hnh ant!n ti u BiAn Ci th!o thi gian c2 th tm Dc g&n Hng. ^un vn cnga =a c$c ?At Ru4 Dc nhi>u nh nghin cu m' 8hyng minh ho6 hi*u Ou@t cNac$c thut to$n lka ch)n ant!n T_Tj m7i n 57i chuYn lka ch)n ?h$c nhau.
UW
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
79/88
-h%ng_/ T' 8hyng 5ung lDng h* thng T_Tj
CH6NG IV% M PHNG /UNG LNG H THNG MIMO
&) Gk @
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
80/88
-h%ng_/ T' 8hyng 5ung lDng h* thng T_Tj
+!gin
nt/< W : W ,n=/< W W :
SK/V??
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
81/88
-h%ng_/ T' 8hyng 5ung lDng h* thng T_Tj
&( D@ { Rf l]
Khn vo ?At Ru4 ta c2 th th@ =ng lDi 5ung lDng ?nh T_Tj cng cao L SK
cao. -ng nhi>u ant!n thu v 8h$t th 5ung lDng cng l7n. shi ntW, n=: v nt:,n=W th 5ung lDng cNa h* thng l nh nhau.
Ub
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
82/88
-h%ng/ 1Cng ?At
CHNGV% TFNG T
1=ong c$c h* thng th'ng tin v' tuAn, h* thng T_Tj c2 th ?hPc 8hc DcnhDc im cNa t=u>n a ng tng 5ung lDng v ch@t lDng t=u>n 5Gn. -$c h*thng T_Tj cho 8h8 tng 5ung lDng m ?h'ng c&n tng Bng th'ng v c'ng [email protected] nhin, nhi>u ant!n u c&u nhi>u lung p Bao gm c$c B ?huAch 6i, c$c B
BiAn Ci t%ng tk Oang O, c$c B t=n, v.v, m th'ng thng l =@t Pt. Tt 8h%ng8h$8 gi4m gi$ thnh m vGn 5u t= Dc tc 5Z li*u cao ti>m nng cNa h* thngT_Tj l lka ch)n ant!n. /7i lka ch)n ant!n ch{ c2 mt t8 ant!n tt nh@t Dc O5ng, c$c ant!n cn l6i ?h'ng Dc 5ng, 5o v gi4m O lDng lung p u c&u.^ka ch)n ant!n l mt 8h%ng 8h$8 %n gi4n tng hi*u nng ti>m tng cNa h*
thng v7i 8hc t68 8h&n cng ti thiu. -hnh v thA $n ch)n h* thng T_Tjv7i lka ch)n ant!n lm chN > nghin cu.
^un vn t=nh B c$c thut to$n lka ch)n ant!n T_Tj 5ka vo nhi>u tiuchuYn hi*u nng ?h$c nhau t=ong c$c t=ng hD8 m ch{ c2 c$c 7c tnh nhi0u cNa?nh BiAn thin. -$c ? thut Dc > "u@t 5ka t=n c$c thut to$n tnh g&n Hng ngGunhin =i =6c, m t6o mt chuqi c$c t8 con ant!n t=ong 2 mqi t8 con m7i thu Dct3 t8 con t=7c. $n cng t=in ?hai c$c thut to$n lka ch)n ant!n cho c$c t=nghD8 BiAn thin th!o thi gian m c$c t8 con ant!n ti u BiAn thin chm. +ng c$ch
5ng c$c thut to$n tnh g&n Hng ngGu nhin =i =6c ?ch th7c B7c c Xnh v thchng, c@u hnh ant!n ti u BiAn Ci th!o thi gian c2 th tm Dc g&n Hng.
1u nhin lun vn cng cn nhi>u thiAu O2t l cha nu =a Dc nghwa thkcti0n cNa h* thng v ti li*u gi7i h6n v h* thng n cha $8 5ng Dc L /i*t Kam./ ?iAn thc v> TatlaB c2 h6n nn cha m' 8hyng Dc nhZng thut to$n lka ch)nant!n.
Kghin cu v> lka ch)n ant!n t=ong h* thng T_Tj l mt v@n > m7i c4 v> lthuAt v thkc nghi*m. 1=n c% OL c$c ?At Ru4 6t Dc, h7ng 8h$t t=in tiA8 th!o
cNa > ti l
T(> n(t, hon thi*n 8h&n m' 8hyng c$c thut to$n lka ch)n ant!n thch ng,$nh gi$ hi*u Ou@t cNa vi*c lka ch)n ant!n cho h* thng T_Tj.
T(> (%i, tiA8 tc nghin cu tm gi4i thut lka ch)n ant!n nhm gi4m B7t 8hc t68 t=ong Ru$ t=nh thkc hi*n.
T(> b%, tm hiu ?h4 nng ng 5ng lka ch)n ant!n cho h* thng T_Tj hi*n t6iv t=ong t%ng lai.
U\
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
83/88
PH8 L8C
P
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
84/88
1=f#fa
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
85/88
HU Vh
t=ong 2 U l ma t=n nita= n=n=,V l ma t=n nita= ntnt , ch{ O h l chun
vX (!=mitian fCi vo lin hD8 8hc v chun vX , l mt ma t=n ng cho
n=
nt gm
{ }= tm min n ,n=
gi$ t=X %n ?h'ng #m t=n ng cho chnh Dc ? hi*u l
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
86/88
5o c$c mGu cNa l c l8 v Dc 8h#n B ]auOO, nn Biu thc t=n t%ng%ng v7i
( ) ( )W W W W, ,= f 9 = f 9 .i j j ii j j i N N& & & & & & & & m m s s m m s s - + - +> > >
1a c2 { }ma" , ,i j - i = 5Gn An f f i j j i > . / v f Hng 5oc4 hai O h6ng c2 cng 8h%ng Oai. +# gi ta "t i>u ?i*n f:. >
ha
=f , , 9 =f , , 9,i j - jn n n n & & & & - > > - >
t%ng %ng v7i
W W W W
i j - j
i j - j
& & & &
& & & &
m m m m
s s s s
- -
>+ +
+@t ng thc t=n Hng Oau ?hi c$c m' 8hyng mL =ng O 5ng Biu thc gi$ t=X t=ung
Bnh v 8h%ng Oai t=ong f:.
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
87/88
TI LIU TH#M HO
-
5/26/2018 Tim Hieu He Thong Mimo Antenna - T i 123doc.vn
88/88
(!lOin?i,pinlan5, un!W99