to quote this work: aubron claire, bainville sébastien...

To quote this work:

Aubron Claire, Bainville Sébastien, Philippon Olivier, 2019. Is dairy farming benefiting the poor?Compared economic assessments at the farm level, International seminar "Milk and Dairy in India’sDevelopment Path. Lessons, challenges and perspectives", India International Centre, New Delhi, 17-18 December, 19 p.

IS DAIRY FARMING BENEFITING THE POOR?COMPARED ECONOMIC ASSESSMENTS AT THE FARM LEVEL

C. Aubron, S. Bainville and O. Philippon

DAIRY FARMING SYSTEMS DIVERSITY: TYPE AND NUMBER OF ANIMAL(S)

Spontaneousfodder

(grazing)

Spontaneousfodder

(cut-and-carry)

DAIRY FARMING SYSTEMS DIVERSITY: FEEDING PRACTICES

Spontaneousfodder

(grazing)

Spontaneousfodder

(cut-and-carry)

Fibrous crop residues

(produced on

the farm)


(purchased)

Spontaneousfodder

(grazing)

Spontaneousfodder

(cut-and-carry)


(produced on

the farm)

Irrigated fodder crops

(cut-and-

carry)


(purchased)

Spontaneousfodder

(grazing)

Spontaneousfodder

(cut-and-carry)


(produced on

the farm)


(cut-and-

carry)

Concentrate feed

(purchased)


(purchased)

Work load per feed unit

Spontaneousfodder

(grazing)

Spontaneousfodder

(cut-and-carry)


(produced on

the farm)


(cut-and-

carry)

Concentrate feed

(purchased)


(purchased)

Farmer type Type and number

of animals

Investorsin dairy

7 to a few dozen crossbred cows or buf.

Landowners with hired labour

2-4 crossbred cows or female buffaloes

Family farmers


Family farmers

1-3 local cows or female buffaloes

Landless labourers


Pastoral communities

~10 local cows or female buffaloes

Feeding practices

Farmer type Type and number

of animals

Spontaneousfodder

(cut-and-

carry)

Spontaneousfodder

(grazing)


(produced on

the farm)


(cut-and-

carry)


(purchased)

Concentrate feed

(purchased)

Investorsin dairy

7 to a few dozen crossbred cows or buf.

++ ++ +++

Landowners with hired labour


++ ++ (+) +++

Family farmers


+ ++ ++ (+) ++

Family farmers


++ ++ +

Landless labourers


+++ + +


~10 local cows or female buffaloes

+++ + +

DAIRY FARMING LABOUR PRODUCTIVITY

Dairy farming systems labour productivity (Vinukonda, Andhra Pradesh, Deccan plateau)

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

40 grazing smallruminants

2 grazing localbuffaloes

4 tethered cb buf.paddy straws

3 tethered cb buf.cultivated napier

Added v

alu

e p

er

day o

f w

ork

(IN

R)

Marblé, 2016

Local agricultural labourer

day wage

Dairy farming systems labour productivity (Petlad, Gujarat, alluvial plain)

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

10 local cows withgrazing

2 stall-fed buf.collected grass

3 stall-fed cb cowsand 1 buf.

30 stall-fed cb cows

Added v

alu

e p

er

day o

f w

ork

(IN

R)

Lucas, 2014


day wage

Dairy farming systems labour productivity (Debra, West Bengal, delta)

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

4 goats withspontaneous fodder

1 sharecow 1 local cow paddystraws

3 Jersey cows paddystraws

Added v

alu

e p

er

day o

f w

ork

(IN

R)

Taghavi and Tessier, 2019


day wage

BETWEEN DAIRY FARMING AND CROPS, LABOUR PRODUCTIVITY DIFFERENTIALS

Comparing labour productivity between cropping and dairy farming systems (Vinukonda, Andhra Pradesh, Deccan plateau)

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

Red gram//Castor-oil//Millet

Tobacco Paper trees Chilli//Cotton Mango trees Paddy 40 grazing smallruminants

2 grazing local buffaloes4 tethered cb buf. paddystraws

3 tethered cb buf.cultivated napier

Added v

alu

e p

er

day o

f w

ork

(IN

R)

Marblé, 2016

Local agricultural labourer day wage

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

Wheat/Rice Mustard/Millet Tobacco Tobacco/Millet Tobacco/Rice Chilli Tobacco//Banana10 local cows withgrazing

2 buf stall-fedcollected grass

3 cb cows and 1buf stall-fed

30 cb cows sstall-fed

Added v

alu

e p

er

day o

f w

ork

(IN

R)

Comparing labour productivity between cropping and dairy farming systems (Petlad, Gujarat, alluvial plain)


Lucas, 2014

Comparing labour productivity between cropping and dairy farming systems (Debra, West Bengal, delta)

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

Amanpaddy/Boro

paddy

Mulberry Vegetables 4 goats withspontaneous

fodder

1 sharecow 1 local cowpaddy straws

3 Jersey cowspaddy straws

Added v

alu

e p

er

day o

f w

ork

(IN

R)



RESULTING INCOMES DISPARITIES AND DAIRY FARMING CONTRIBUTION TO INCOMES

Incomes related to agriculture and contribution of dairy farming to incomes (Vinukonda, Andhra Pradesh, Deccan plateau)

4 900 000

0 100 000 200 000 300 000 400 000

Investors in mango trees (55 ha)

Absentee landowners with paper trees (5 ha)

Large landowners cash-crops (6 ha)

Mid-size landowners cash-crops (3 ha)

Small family farmers paddy (1,3 ha)

Day labourers


Annual income per family worker or per owner (INR)

Livestock and dairy farmingcontribution to incomes

Marblé, 2016

Incomes related to agriculture and contribution of dairy farming (Petlad, Gujarat, alluvial plain)

0 100 000 200 000 300 000 400 000

Landowners giving their land in sharecropping (2 ha)

Large dairy farmers with hired labour (1,2 ha)

Mid-size landowners (1 ha)

Small family farmers (0,2 ha)

Sharecroppers (1 ha)

Day labourers




Lucas, 2014

Incomes related to agriculture and contribution of dairy farming (Debra, West Bengal, delta)

710 000

0 100 000 200 000 300 000 400 000

Large landowners vegetables and flowers (3 ha)

Large landowners paddy (3 ha)

Small family farmers silk-worms (0,2 ha)

Small family farmers paddy (0,2 ha)

Day labourers




CONCLUSION

The white revolution succeeded in including million of poor households in the Indian dairy sector

However, livestock keepers and dairy farmers remain poor: - the wealth created by dairy farming is low compared the one of irrigated agriculture- dairy farming reduce the disparities in incomes coming from agriculture but is unable to fully compensate them

Enclosure and large dairy farms threatening the white revolution buffer role?

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