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TO SERVE WITH PRIDE

AND DEDICATION

MISSION…

1) Wing Location

2) Wing Shape

3) Wing Planform/Taper

4) Wing Tip

5) Tail Unit

6) Engine(s)

7) Air Intake(s)

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Wing Location…Wing Location…

It is where the wings are connected to the fuselage of the aircraft.

There are 3 locations where aircraft wings can be attached to the fuselage:

1) Top part of fuselage - High-mount

2) Middle part of fuselage - Mid-mount

3) Bottom part of fuselage - Low-mount

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TYPES

HIGH-MOUNT MID-MOUNT LOW-MOUNT

E

X

A

M

P

L

E

S

C-17 Globemaster MIG-29 Fulcrum A-4 Skyhawk

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Wing Shape…Wing Shape…

It is the shape of the wings seen from the front/back view after it is being fixed to the fuselage.

Aircraft wings can take a number of shapes, namely:

• Horizontal

• Anhedral

• Dihedral

• Gull Shape

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Horizontal Shape Gull Shape

The wing is perpendicular to the fuselage.

The wing is positive (pointing upwards) from the fuselage before taking a horizontal shape perpendicular to the fuselage.

It takes the shape of the wings of a flying seagull.

F-5E Tiger

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Dihedral Shape Anhedral Shape

The wing forms a V-shape. It can be said that the wing is positive.

The wing takes the shape of a inverted V. It can also be said that the wing is negative.

Piper PA-28 CherokeeAV-8B Harrier

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Wing Planform/Taper…Wing Planform/Taper…

Wing planform is also known as wing taper. It is the shape of the wings seen from top/plan view or bottom view.

Below is the list of wing planforms that you are expected to recognise:

- Rectangular - Variable Geometry

- Elliptical - Delta

- Forward Tapered - Canard Wings

- Backward Tapered - Back Swept/Swept Back

- Equi-Tapered - Forward Swept

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Rectangular Elliptical

Rectangular wing planform is normally used for low-flying aircraft and also trainer aircraft.

Elliptical wing aircraft are normally seen during World War II.

Piper Warrior Supermarine Spitfire

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Forward Tapered Backward Tapered

SU-25 FrogfootC-130 Hercules

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Equi-Tapered Variable Geometry

Both sides of the wing are tapered equally.

Aircraft with variable wings could configure the angle of the wings for different speed.Extra 300

F-14 Tomcat

Picture Unavailable

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Delta Canard Wings

Supersonic jet fighters may have a delta wing because of its speed and role.

Canard wings are meant to delay stalling. If the aircraft is about to stall, the canards will stall first, and the main wings can be used to prevent stalling of the whole aircraft.Mirage 2000

JAS-39 Gripen

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Back Swept/Swept Back Forward Swept

Normally configured in commercial aircraft.

While flying at high speed, forward swept wings maintain aircraft controllability at high angle of attack.

A300 Beluga

SU-47 Berkut

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Wing Tip…Wing Tip…

Wing tip of an aircraft determines the joint between the leading edge and trailing edge of the wing.

Types of wing tips:

- Square

- Blunt

- Curved

- Rounded

- Pointed

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Square Blunt Curved Rounded Pointed

E

X

A

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P

L

E

S

DH-88 CometCessna 172 F-15E Strike Eagle

HurricaneP-51D Mustang

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Tail Unit…Tail Unit…

The tail unit, or also known as the empennage, is normally located at the rear of the aircraft.

The tail unit configurations comes in various shapes and numbers. These are the various configurations:

- Arrow Shape - Y-Shape

- Cross Shape - Inverted Y-shape

- T-Shape - U-Shape

- Inverted T-Shape - Inverted U-Shape

- W-Shape - V-Shape

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Shapes Arrow Cross T

E

X

A

M

P

L

E

S

Ilyushin 76Dassault Falcon 20Airbus A340

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Shapes Inverted T W Y

E

X

A

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P

L

E

S

A-6 Intruder C-121 Constellation

Picture Unavailable

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Shapes Inverted Y U Inverted U V

E

X

A

M

P

L

E

S

F-117 Nighthawk

F4 Phantom V-22 Osprey

Diagram Unavailable

Picture Unavailable

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Engine(s) Placement…Engine(s) Placement…

Engine has two classes; propeller and gas turbine (jet).

Below are the different number of engines in the two engine classes.

Propeller

- Single engine

- Twin engine

- Four engines

Gas Turbine Engine

- Single engine internally body mounted

- Twin engine internally body mounted

- Twin engine externally mounted

- Twin engine externally rear fuselage mounted

- Three engines

- Four engines

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Propeller Engine

   Single engine Twin engine Four engines 

       

EXAMPLES       

Zero Fighter DC-3 B-17 Flying Fortress

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Gas Turbine Engine

  Single engine internally

body mountedTwin engine internally

body mountedTwin engine externally

mounted

       

EXAMPLES       

Mig-21 Fishbed Dassault Rafale Boeing 737-500

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Gas Turbine Engine

   Twin engine externally rear fuselage mounted Three engines Four engines

       

EXAMPLES       

A-10 Thunderbolt Boeing 727-300 KC-135 Stratotanker

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Air Intake(s)…Air Intake(s)…

Air intake(s) is needed to make use of ram air to drive the turbine of a gas turbine engine.

Air intake(s) can be located at different locations on an aircraft:

- At the nose

- At the side of the fuselage

- At the wing roots

- Under the nose

- Under the fuselage

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  At the nose At the side of the fuselage At the wing roots

     

EXAMPLES       

BAC Lightning Hawker Hunter T MK.7GR4 Tornado

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  Under the nose Under the fuselage

     

EXAMPLES     

E-2000 Eurofighter TyphoonVought A-7E Corsair II

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SUMMARY...SUMMARY...

With these recognition skills, you should be able to recognise an aircraft by its unique features from others that looks alike.