Tobacco Products

Objectives: – Describe the various

forms of tobacco products

– Explain how nicotine affects the body.

– Identify 2 other dangerous substances in tobacco smoke.

– Examine why using smokeless tobacco is not a safe alternative to smoking.

Key Words:– Nicotine– Smokeless tobacco– Chewing tobacco– Snuff– Stimulant– Tar– Carcinogen– Carbon monoxide

Warm-Up: – NIDA Facts & Questions

Tobacco Products

Made from dried, processed leaves of tobacco plants.

Tobacco plants naturally produce a chemical that acts as an insecticide: Nicotine

Nicotine is a stimulant (a drug that increases the nervous system)

Tobacco Products

Products that are Smoked Cigarettes—cured & shredded

tobacco leaves rolled in paper Bidis—cigarette-like products

of tobacco wrapped in a leaf & tied with a string

Kreteks—contain ground clove (numbs the lungs)

Cigar & Pipe Tobacco—less processed than cigarettes; more nicotine than cigarettes

Smokeless Tobacco Either chewed, placed

between the lip & teeth, or sniffed through nose

Chewing Tobacco—Dip, Chew—poor-quality, ground tobacco

Snuff—finely ground, powdered tobacco

Chemicals in Tobacco Products: Nicotine & the Body

Nicotine & the Body– Enters the blood through the lungs (smokers) or

lining of mouth/nose (smokeless users)– Reaches the brain within seconds & takes place

of chemicals that send signals between cells– Affects breathing, movement, learning,

memory, mood, and appetite

Chemicals in Tobacco Products: Nicotine & the Body

Nicotine’s Short-Term Effects

– Increased heart rate– Increased blood pressure– Changes in brain that

lead to addiction– First time users: nicotine

poisoning:• Rapid pulse• Clammy skin• Nausea• Dizziness

Nicotine Addiction– Frequent use leads to

dependence for feelings of alertness & pleasure

– As tolerance increases, more nicotine is needed for same results.

– Without nicotine, users may feel irritated or anxious

Chemicals in Tobacco Products: Nicotine & the Body

Psychological Dependence

– Used to cope with stressful situations

– Associated with social situations

– Make quitting difficult

Withdrawal– May begin as soon as

30 minutes after last dose

– Symptoms:• Headaches• Irritability• Difficulty sleeping• Inability to concentrate• Intense nicotine cravings

Effects of NicotineNervous System•Increases activity level•Mimics neurotransmitters•Decreases reflex actions•Activates brain’s “Reward Pathway”

Cardiovascular System•Increases heart rate & force of contractions•Increases blood pressure•Reduces blood flow to skin•Increases risk of blood clotting

Respiratory System•Increases mucus production•Decreases muscle action in the lungs’ airways•Causes breathing to become more shallow

Digestive System•Increases saliva production•Decreases the amount of insulin released from the pancreas•Increases bowel activity

Chemicals in Tobacco Products: Other Dangerous Chemicals

Tar Dark, sticky substance that

forms when tobacco burns Mixture of hundreds of

chemicals Carcinogen (causes cancer) Short-Term Effects

– Brown stains on fingers & teeth– Smelly hair & clothes– Bad Breath– Paralysis of cilia lining the

airways– Increased respiratory infections– Impaired lung function

Carbon Monoxide Odorless, poisonous gass Binds to hemoglobin

molecules in place of oxygen

Red Blood Cells cannot transport oxygen

Causes heart rate & breathing rate to increase

Chemicals in Tobacco Smoke

Chemicals in Tobacco Products: Other Dangerous Chemicals

Chemicals in Smokeless TobaccoUsers absorb 2.5x the nicotine as smokerCauses

–Stained teeth–Bad breath & drooling–Receding gums & tooth decay

Tobacco Products & Chemicals in Tobacco Products

1. What is nicotine?

2. List the types of tobacco products that are smoked & the smokeless tobacco products.

3. What part of the body is most affected by the use of smokeless tobacco?

4. What type of drug is nicotine? How does nicotine affect the body?

5. What effects do tar & carbon monoxide have on the bodies of smokers?

6. What is a carcinogen?

7. Explain how smokeless tobacco products harm the body.