tolulade adeofe gated spirometer 4/17/2010. spirometer a spirometer is a medical device used to...
TRANSCRIPT
Spirometer
• A spirometer is a medical device used to measure the volume of air inspired and expired by the lungs.
Necessity
• Respiratory Disease is Common in underdeveloped nations– Tobacco use– Indoor/Outdoor air pollution– Occupational risks
Necessity
• As of 2007, 210 million people have Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
• 90% of all COPD cases occur in underdeveloped nations
• 80% of all deaths related to COPD occur in underdeveloped nations
• By 2030 COPD will be 3rd leading cause of death worlwide
• Muramoto, Myra; Lando, Harry. Faculty Development in tobacco cessation: Training health professionals and promoting tobacco control in developing countries. University of Arizona College of Medicine, University of Minnesota School of Public Health. Wiley InterScience, Volume 28, Issue 5, 2 September 2009.
• The World Health Organization. Global surveillance, prevention, and control of Chronic Respiratory Diseases: A comprehensive approach, 2007. http://www.who.int
Current Devices
• Complex electronic designs that measure many variables
• Cost of production is high and unavailable to people in underveloped nations
• $7 USD- >$500 USD• Average cost $ 8 USD• Average family in underdeveloped nation < $2
USD• The World Bank, http://www.web.worldbank.org . Poverty Reduction and Equity.
Current Devices
• Incentive Spirometer– Indicator provides gauge of how well patient’s
lungs are functioning• Electronic Spirometer– Memory data recording– Precision improvements
Design
• Rectangular profile with hinged gates inside• Gates in front require less expiration than
gates in back • As patient expires greater force of air the
more gates lift which provides visual feedback• Optional dye/marker
Design
• Dimensions:– 247.65mm x 100mm x 100mm– Mouthpiece: 30mm (outer diameter) 25 mm
(inner diameter)• Removable mouthpiece means device can be
used by different patients
Results
• Normal Parameters of Spirometer:– 35cm x 10cm x 10cm– Due to restrictions on rapid prototyping machine
off by approximately 5 inches in length• Gated mechanism is working and with airflow
gates lift• Not exact due to length
Patents
• No patents for device similar to this one• Patent for incentive spirometer filed on March
24, 1981• Patents expire within 17 years of filing• Incentive Spirometer: United States Patent 4,391,283. http://www.freepatentsonline.com
Future Directions
• Device has patent potential • Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation Grant– Neglected Diseases unit under Global Health
Final Words
• Need for this device high in underdeveloped nations
• Not a cure/treatment but a diagnostic tool for at risk patients
• Market for device only in underdeveloped nations
• Easily standardized and mass produced