tool5100-cscl presentation of 2 papers by jan are otnes
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TOOL5100-CSCL Presentation of 2 papers by Jan Are Otnes. Stahl (2000): A Model of Collaborative Knowledge-Building Miao et al. (2005): CSCL Scripts –Modelling Features and Potential Use. 2. March 2006. Stahl (2000): A Model of Collaborative Knowledge-Building. Abstract/Introduction - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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TOOL5100-CSCLTOOL5100-CSCLPresentation of 2 papersPresentation of 2 papers
by Jan Are Otnesby Jan Are Otnes
Stahl (2000): Stahl (2000): A Model of A Model of Collaborative Knowledge-Collaborative Knowledge-BuildingBuilding
Miao et al. (2005): Miao et al. (2005): CSCL CSCL Scripts –Modelling Features Scripts –Modelling Features and Potential Useand Potential Use2. March 2006
2Stahl (2000): A Model of Collaborative Knowledge-Building
Stahl (2000): Stahl (2000): A Model of A Model of Collaborative Knowledge-Collaborative Knowledge-
BuildingBuilding
Abstract/IntroductionAbstract/Introduction A Diagram of Personal and Social A Diagram of Personal and Social
Knowledge-BuildingKnowledge-Building Opportunities for Computer SupportOpportunities for Computer Support The Idea of a Computer System to The Idea of a Computer System to
Support the Knowledge-Building Support the Knowledge-Building ProcessProcess
ConclusionConclusion
3Stahl (2000): A Model of Collaborative Knowledge-Building
Abstract/IntroductionAbstract/Introduction The paper present a model of learning as a The paper present a model of learning as a
social processsocial process Individual minds in relation to socio-culturalIndividual minds in relation to socio-cultural Framework for the design of CSCL-SW Framework for the design of CSCL-SW
(KBE)(KBE) 5 theories of learning (Koschmann)5 theories of learning (Koschmann)
The paper incorporating insights from these The paper incorporating insights from these theories/philosophiestheories/philosophies
Multiple phases constitute a cycle => Multiple phases constitute a cycle => increasingly complex questions to be posedincreasingly complex questions to be posed
4Stahl (2000): A Model of Collaborative Knowledge-Building
A Diagram of Personal and A Diagram of Personal and Social Knowledge-BuildingSocial Knowledge-Building
5Stahl (2000): A Model of Collaborative Knowledge-Building
Opportunities for Computer Opportunities for Computer SupportSupport
Phase of knowledge building
Form of computer support
articulate in words articulation editor
public statements personal perspective
other people's public statements
comparison perspective
discuss alternatives discussion forum
argumentation & rationale argumentation graph
clarify meanings glossary discussion
shared understanding Glossary
negotiate perspectives negotiation support
collaborative knowledge group perspective
formalize and objectify bibliography discussion
cultural artefacts and representations
bibliography or other community repository
6Stahl (2000): A Model of Collaborative Knowledge-Building
The Idea of a Computer System to The Idea of a Computer System to Support the Knowledge-Building Support the Knowledge-Building
Process(1)Process(1)
A KBE should:A KBE should: go beyond a single-purpose system go beyond a single-purpose system retain a record of the knowledge that was retain a record of the knowledge that was
built upbuilt up And it should therefore probably be:And it should therefore probably be:
““built on asynchronous, persistent built on asynchronous, persistent collaborative technologies and be deployed collaborative technologies and be deployed on the Internet as a Web-based on the Internet as a Web-based environment”environment”
7Stahl (2000): A Model of Collaborative Knowledge-Building
A KBE should:A KBE should: Support several lifecycle phasesSupport several lifecycle phases Help people express their beliefs, discuss Help people express their beliefs, discuss
them with others, negotiate shared them with others, negotiate shared understandings + + +understandings + + +
Provide facilities like searching, browsing, Provide facilities like searching, browsing, filtering +++filtering +++
Significant difficulties but their Significant difficulties but their potential advantages seem potential advantages seem extraordinary!extraordinary!
The Idea of a Computer System to The Idea of a Computer System to Support the Knowledge-Building Support the Knowledge-Building
Process(2)Process(2)
8Stahl (2000): A Model of Collaborative Knowledge-Building
ConclusionConclusion
“The process model of knowledge-building presented in this paper provides a conceptual framework for the design, use and assessment of such systems”
“KBEs have the potential to provide computationally-supported communication media to facilitate this process that forms a centerpiece of the learning sciences.”
9Miao et al. (2005): CSCL Scripts –Modeling Features and Potential Use
Miao et al. (2005): Miao et al. (2005): CSCL CSCL Scripts –Modeling Features Scripts –Modeling Features
and Potential Useand Potential Use IntroductionIntroduction Part onePart one
Investigating the capacity of IMS LD for Investigating the capacity of IMS LD for formalizing Collaborative Learning Scriptsformalizing Collaborative Learning Scripts
An approach to formalize CSCL ScriptsAn approach to formalize CSCL Scripts CSCL script authoring toolsCSCL script authoring tools
Part twoPart two Potential uses and system support of CSCL Potential uses and system support of CSCL
scriptsscripts Conclusions and future workConclusions and future work
10Miao et al. (2005): CSCL Scripts –Modeling Features and Potential Use
Introduction(1)Introduction(1) Collaboration script is a set of instructions Collaboration script is a set of instructions
specifying how the group members should specifying how the group members should interact and collaborate to solve a problem. interact and collaborate to solve a problem. O’Donnell & Dansereau(1992)O’Donnell & Dansereau(1992) Internal or external representationsInternal or external representations
A CSCL-script is a computational A CSCL-script is a computational representation of a collaborative scriptrepresentation of a collaborative script
A general modelling language for A general modelling language for formalising collaboration scripts is missing.formalising collaboration scripts is missing.
No tool for CSCL practitioners to create, No tool for CSCL practitioners to create, reuse, integrate, and customize CSCL reuse, integrate, and customize CSCL scripts.scripts.
11Miao et al. (2005): CSCL Scripts –Modeling Features and Potential Use
Introduction(2)Introduction(2)
Existing learning process modelling language Existing learning process modelling language IMS-LD provides insufficient support to model IMS-LD provides insufficient support to model group-based, synchronous collaborative group-based, synchronous collaborative learning activities.learning activities.
Some attempts have been done to extend IMS-Some attempts have been done to extend IMS-LD, but still no good solutions.LD, but still no good solutions.
The aim for the research work presented in The aim for the research work presented in this paper is to develop a scripting language this paper is to develop a scripting language for formalising CSCL scripts and exploring for formalising CSCL scripts and exploring their potential types of usage and system their potential types of usage and system support possibilitiessupport possibilities
12Miao et al. (2005): CSCL Scripts –Modeling Features and Potential Use
Investigating the capacity of IMS Investigating the capacity of IMS LD for formalizing Collaborative LD for formalizing Collaborative
Learning ScriptsLearning Scripts MazeMaze script, strategies how to escape script, strategies how to escape Major difficulties and challenges in Major difficulties and challenges in
modelling:modelling: GroupsGroups ArtefactsArtefacts Dynamic featuresDynamic features Complicated control flowComplicated control flow Varied forms of social interactionVaried forms of social interaction
13Miao et al. (2005): CSCL Scripts –Modeling Features and Potential Use
An approach to formalize CSCL An approach to formalize CSCL ScriptsScripts
CSCL Scripting languageCSCL Scripting language
14Stahl (2000): A Model of Collaborative Knowledge-Building
An approach to formalize CSCL An approach to formalize CSCL ScriptsScriptsSolutionSolution
Explicitly introducing groupsExplicitly introducing groups Explicitly introducing artefactsExplicitly introducing artefacts Extending actions and expressionsExtending actions and expressions Introducing transitions and routing Introducing transitions and routing
activitiesactivities Using activity-centred methods to Using activity-centred methods to
assign rolesassign roles
15Miao et al. (2005): CSCL Scripts –Modeling Features and Potential Use
CSCL script authoring CSCL script authoring toolstools
16Miao et al. (2005): CSCL Scripts –Modeling Features and Potential Use
Potential uses and system Potential uses and system support of CSCL scriptssupport of CSCL scripts
System as Editor/ViewerSystem as Editor/Viewer Syntactical mapping to a visual/conceptual Syntactical mapping to a visual/conceptual
representationrepresentation Presentation of models in multiple perspectivePresentation of models in multiple perspective
Procedural/TemporalProcedural/Temporal ArtefactsArtefacts RolesRoles Individual/GroupIndividual/Group
Model-based predictionModel-based prediction SimulationSimulation Static configuration of the learning environmentStatic configuration of the learning environment Monitoring of the learning flowMonitoring of the learning flow Model-based scaffoldingModel-based scaffolding
17Miao et al. (2005): CSCL Scripts –Modeling Features and Potential Use
Conclusions and future Conclusions and future workwork
Stated five major limitations in IMS LD Stated five major limitations in IMS LD when formalising CSCL scriptswhen formalising CSCL scripts Suggested a scripting language for CSCL based Suggested a scripting language for CSCL based
on this, where these limitations are solvedon this, where these limitations are solved Discussed potential usages of CSCL scripts Discussed potential usages of CSCL scripts
and possibilities of system supportand possibilities of system support Developed two script authoring tools, based Developed two script authoring tools, based
on the CSCL scripting languageon the CSCL scripting language Currently focusing on testing the modelling Currently focusing on testing the modelling
capacity, real experiments will be conductedcapacity, real experiments will be conducted Will develop an integrated environment Will develop an integrated environment
later on.later on.
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Questions?Questions?