top 5 commentaries on the books of the old testament.docx

8/19/2019 Top 5 Commentaries on the Books of the Old Testament.docx

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Top 5 Commentaries on the Book of Genesisfrom Keith Mathison

The first five books of the Old Testament, the Hebrew Torah, are often called the Pentateuch. Ahelpful introduction to this part of Holy cripture is the book From Paradise to the Promised

Land by T. !. Ale"ander. The first book of the Pentateuch is one of the most well#known books

of the $ible. %nderstandin& this first book, the $ook of 'enesis, is crucial to understandin& theOld Testament and the entire $ible. There are a wealth of commentaries on 'enesis. (n this post,

( will briefly describe five of the most &enerally helpful commentaries available on the first book

of the $ible.

1. Gordon J. Wenham — Genesis 1-15 and Genesis 16-50 (Word Biblical Commentary,

1!", 1#$.

The layout of the )ord $iblical *ommentary series is not the most reader friendly, but in thecase of 'ordon )enham+s commentary on 'enesis, it is certainly worth the trouble. )enham

writes from a &enerally conservative evan&elical viewpoint. His e"e&esis is careful and detailed

and always worth consultin&.

%. &enneth '. athe)s — Genesis 1-11:26 and Genesis 11:27-50:26 (The *e) 'merican

Commentary, 1+, %5$.

(n recent years, $roadman Holman have published a number of e"cellent commentaries intheir -ew American *ommentary series. (n //0, with the publication of the second volume of

Kenneth Mathews+ commentary on 'enesis, they added another outstandin& contribution.

-. ictor /. 0amilton — The Book of Genesis Chapters 1-17 and The Book of Genesis

Chapters 18-50 (The *e) nternational Commentary on the 2ld Testament, 1, 15$.

1ike )enham and Mathews, Hamilton writes from a &enerally conservative evan&elical perspective. ( rank Mathews sli&htly hi&her simply because Hamilton is a rather dry read. He is,

however, always worth consultin&.

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#. 'llen /. 3oss — Creation and Blessing (1!!$.

Althou&h not technically a commentary, this volume by 2oss is an invaluable resource for

e"positors. (f you are a pastor, you should not be without this book.

5. John 0. Walton — Genesis (* 'pplication Commentary, %1$.

(t is difficult to decide what commentary should fill the number five slot, but in terms of &eneral

helpfulness, )alton+s commentary probably deserves it. The -(3A* series does not &et into as

many technical issues, but it e"cels in terms of brid&in& the &ap between the ori&inal audienceand the contemporary world. This commentary, then, will be of particular use to preachers and

teachers.

34nners p6 There are a number of other helpful commentaries on the the $ook of 'enesis.

Amon& them are those by $ruce )altke, !erek Kidner , -ahum arna , 4ohn 5. Hartley, and%mberto *assuto 63ol. 7, 3ol. 8. *assuto+s works are sometimes difficult to track down. The

publisher+s website is here9 63ol. 7, 3ol. 8. arna+s work is in the 4P Torah *ommentary series,

which is written from a 4ewish perspective and is somewhat critical. This means that it must beused with &reat care and discernment.

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Top 5 Commentaries on the Book of Exodus

(n a 7::; &uide to the best commentaries, !erek Thomas wrote9 0/ pa&es. tuart+scomments on the biblical te"t are clear and readable. The more technical issues are rele&ated to

the footnotes. This is now the first commentary on 5"odus to which ( turn.

%. J. 'lec otyer — The !essage of Exods (The Bible 9peaks Today, %5$.

4. Alec Motyer has written a lar&e number of books and commentaries over the course of hiscareer. He is particularly well known for his e"tensive work of the book of (saiah. $ecause of

the space limitations in the $T series, my e"pectations for his commentary on 5"odus were

minimal, but ( was pleasantly surprised. On almost every pa&e, the reader finds helpful insi&hts

into the meanin& of the second book of Moses. 3ery hi&hly recommended.

-. John :. ackay — Exods (' entor Commentary, %1$.

4ohn Mackay has written a number of commentaries on the Old Testament prophetic books. (n

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this volume, he moves to the Pentateuch with &reat success. His work should be consulted by

every serious student of 5"odus.

#. /hilip Graham 3yken — Exods (/reachin8 the Word, %5$.

2yken is the pastor of Tenth Presbyterian *hurch in Philadelphia. His massive e"pository

commentary is a &oldmine for preachers. (t is theolo&ically deep and refreshin&ly practical, allthe while remainin& very readable.

5. Bre;ard 9. Childs — The Book of Exods (The 2ld Testament :ibrary, 1"#$.

$ecause of the author+s critical stance and the book+s technical nature, ( can only recommend

this commentary to discernin& pastors and teachers. *hilds be&ins each section of the

commentary with his own translation of the Hebrew. He then offers te"tual and philolo&ical

notes on that section. The discussion titled


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Top 5 Commentaries on the Book of Leviticus

How many Christians have resolved to read through the entire Bible and made good

progress through enesis and Exodus only to hit a wall and give up when they reachLeviticus! "ith all of it#s di$erent laws regarding the %ld Covenant priesthood andvarious sacri&ces' it can be (uite di)cult to understand* "e often &nd ourselvesasking about Leviticus' +"hat does this mean' and how is it relevant today!,

"hen the meaning of the book is grasped' however' and we begin to see the way inwhich these laws foreshadowed the -erson and work of .esus Christ' the reading ofthis magni&cent part of od#s inspired "ord becomes an encouraging and edifying

/oy rather than a chore* 0or those who have struggled to understand the meaningand relevance of Leviticus' a good commentary can shed a lot of light* The followingare what 1 believe to be the &ve most helpful commentaries on the book ofLeviticus2

1. Gordon J. Wenham — The Book of Leviticus (The New InternationalCommentary on the Old Testament, 1979). 1 have already written a review of "enham#s commentary on Leviticus elsewhere' so1 will be very brief here* This commentary is not only the best commentary on thebook of Leviticus' it is one of the best commentaries on any book of the Bible that 1have read*

. John !. "artley — Leviticus (Word #i$li%al Commentary, 199). 1f you can a$ord more than one commentary on Leviticus' Hartley#s commentary inthe "BC series is a good choice* 1t supplements "enham well* The only drawback'as with all volumes in the "BC series' is the layout* %nce the reader becomes usedto it' however' it is not as much of an issue*

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&. 'ar . *ooer — Leviticus (New +meri%an Commentary, ). 3any of the commentaries in the 4C series are strong' and 6ooker#s work onLeviticus is a good example* 1t is both exegetically thorough and well written*

-. Ja%o$ 'ilrom — Leviticus (Continental Commentary, -). .acob 3ilgrom is considered by many to be the world#s foremost expert on the bookof Leviticus* He has written a massive 78599 page: three;volume commentary onLeviticus in the nchor Bible series 7


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/. #ar0%h +. e2ine — Leviticus (J34 Torah Commentary, 1959). Baruch Levine is one of the world leading scholars on the book of Leviticus' and thiscommentary shows it* The work is not written for the layman* 1t is a technicalcommentary on the Hebrew text* 0or those doing in;depth work' it should beconsulted* This commentary should be used with great care and discernment*

*0nners 68 There are a number of other commentaries on the Book of Leviticus

that are worth consulting* mong them are those by "*H* Bellinger' 6*D* Harrison'llen -* 6oss' and ndrew Bonar*

The serious student should also be sure to consult the commentary by .ohn Calvin*

Top 5 Commentaries on the Book of 4umbers

lthough the fourth book of the -entateuch is titled +4umbers, in English' itsHebrew name bemidbar 7+in the wilderness,: is a more accurate description of itscontents* 1t is largely concerned with 1srael#s forty years in the wilderness as they

slowly made their way from 3ount inai to the plains of 3oab* The book of 4umbersnarrates a key chapter in the story of 1srael* 1t describes a period of transition fromthe exodus generation to the generation that would enter the -romised Land* Thefollowing are &ve of the most helpful commentaries on this neglected book ofcripture*

1. Gordon Wenham — Numbers (Tyndale Old Testament Commentaries,1951). ordon "enham is among the best contemporary writers of commentaries* 1

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consider his commentaries on enesis and Leviticus the best availablecommentaries on those books* He has also written the most generally helpfulcommentary on the book of 4umbers* The format of the Tyndale series means thatthis commentary is written at an introductory level* 1t is not as lengthy as his otherworks' but "enham is able to say more of signi&cance in one page than mostcommentators say in ten pages* Highly recommended*

. Timothy *. +shley — The Book of Numbers (The New InternationalCommentary on the Old Testament, 199&). 0or those seeking a more thorough evangelical commentary on 4umbers than the

Tyndale format will allow' shley#s work is a great place to turn* He very helpfullyexplores the important theological themes within the book*

&. *. ennis Cole — Numbers (The New +meri%an Commentary, ). The argument could be made that Cole#s commentary belongs in the second

position before shley* Both are very helpful works' and each has its owncontribution to make* pastor or student engaged in serious study of 4umbersshould consult both*

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-. Ja%o$ 'ilrom — Numbers (The J34 Torah Commentary, 199). The .- Torah commentaries are written by .ewish scholars and are (uite technical'but for those who are interested in digging deeply into the text' they usually o$ernumerous valuable insights* This is certainly the case with 3ilgrom#s commentaryon 4umbers* They are often somewhat critical' however' so they must be used with

great care and discernment if they are used at all*

/. Iain '. 00id — Numbers (3rea%hin the Word, :). 1 have bene&ted from everything 1 have read by 1ain Fuguid* His commentary on4umbers is well;written and aimed speci&cally at pastors*

*0nners 68 There are a number of other commentaries on the Book of 4umbersthat are worth consulting* mong them are those by 6oy ane' 6aymond Brown'

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and 7if you can obtain it through a library: 6*D* Harrison#s commentary in the nowdefunct "ycli$e Exegetical Commentary series by 3oody -ress*

Top 5 Commentaries on the Book of Feuteronomy

The book of Feuteronomy is one of the most fre(uently cited %ld Testament booksin the 4ew Testament* %nly -salms and 1saiah are (uoted more* Containing 3oses#&nal messages to the people of 1srael before their entrance into the -romised Land'the book is rich in theological signi&cance* The following are &ve of the most helpfulcommentaries on this book of cripture*

1. 3eter C. Craiie — The Book of Deuteronomy (The New InternationalCommentary on the Old Testament, 197:).

There is such a wealth of commentaries on Feuteronomy that it is di)cult to selectthe best* "hen everything is taken into consideration' however' Craigie#scommentary in the 41C%T series is probably still the best place to start* 1t is a

competent and clear work written from an evangelical perspective*

. J.G. '%Con2ille — Deuteronomy (+ollos Old Testament Commentary,). nother strong contender for the top spot is the recent commentary by 3cConville*

The layout of the pollos commentaries makes them somewhat more helpful forthose seeking contemporary application* 1f you can a$ord more than onecommentary on Feuteronomy' this one is well worth considering*

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&. J.+. Thomson — Deuteronomy (Tyndale Old Testament Commentaries,197-). 0or those seeking a good introductory level commentary on the book ofFeuteronomy' the commentary by Thompson in the Tyndale series is the best placeto begin* 0or an introductory level commentary' it is surprisingly insightful*

-. John . C0rrid — Deuteronomy (!3 4t0dy Commentary, :).Combining exegesis and application' Currid#s commentaries on the books of the-entateuch have so far been very helpful* His commentary on Feuteronomycontinues the standard of excellence*



12/92

/. Je;rey ". Tiay — Deuteronomy (J34 Torah Commentary, 199:). s mentioned in previous +Top 5, posts' the .- Torah Commentaries are written by

.ewish scholars and are highly technical* Tigay writes from a somewhat criticalstance' so this commentary can only be recommended with (uali&cation fordiscerning pastors and seminary students* Those doing scholarly work onFeuteronomy will &nd it immensely helpful*

*0nners 68 There are a number of other commentaries on the Book ofFeuteronomy that are worth consulting* mong them are those by Eugene 3errill 'Fuane L* Christensen 7


13/92

. *i%hard 4. "ess — Joshua (Tyndale Old Testament Commentaries, 199:).

The Tyndale %ld and 4ew Testament Commentary series is probably the mostconsistent commentary series available today* 3ost other series have some reallygood commentaries' some mediocre commentaries' and at least a handful ofcommentaries that are not very helpful at all* The volumes in the Tyndale series' onthe other hand' are consistently good* The Tyndale commentary on .oshua isparticularly good* Like Favis# commentary' this one is also written at anintermediate level and is accessible to all readers*

&. a2id '. "oward — Joshua (New +meri%an Commentary, 1995). Favid 3* Howard#s introduction to the historical books of the %ld Testament is anoutstanding work* 1n this volume' he is able to devote much more space to .oshua*

The result is a truly helpful commentary*



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-. 'arten Wo0dstra — The Book of Joshua (New International Commentaryon the Old Testament, 1951).Like the other commentaries in the 41C%T series' this one is slightly more technicalin nature than the commentaries mentioned above 7although not much more

technical than the commentary by Howard:* 3ost of the really di)cult material'however' is found in the footnotes* The body of the text is readable and insightful*


15/92

*0nners 68 There are a number of other commentaries on the Book of .oshuathat are worth consulting* mong them are those by .ames 3ontgomery Boice' C*.* oslinga ' dolph L* Harstad' and .* ordon Harris*

Top 5 Commentaries on the Book of .udges

The events described in the book of .udges cover a period of approximately >59years' from the death of .oshua to the rise of the monarchy under amuel* nlike

.oshua' however' which recounted a period of 1srael#s history largely marked byfaithfulness to od' .udges recounts a period of history characteriGed for the mostpart by unfaithfulness* Aet .udges' like the other historical books' should not beconsidered merely a dry and boring narration of names and places and dates* The

.ews referred to the books of .oshua' .udges' amuel' and Dings as the +formerprophets*, These books demonstrate the outworking in history of od#s faithfulnessto His plan of redemption' to His covenant promises and warnings* The following are

the &ve commentaries on .udges that 1 have found the most helpful*

1. ale *alh a2is — Judges (o%0s on the #i$le, ). s 1 mentioned in the post on .oshua commentaries' if you can only have onecommentary on the historical books' get the commentaries by Favis* There areother commentaries that go into more detail on technical issues 7see below:' butFavis provides what most Christian readers of these books need ? a concise andreadable explanation of the text that sets each book within the larger context ofbiblical redemptive history all without ever becoming boring or trite* Thiscommentary' like the others' is also very practical' but it avoids the kind ofmoraliGing exposition that rips passages out of context in order to make somevague inspirational point*

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. aniel I. #lo% — Judges, Ruth (New +meri%an Commentary, 1999). "ith the book of .udges' 1 really need two &rst place +ribbons*, 0or those looking forsomething more in;depth on the book of .udges' the commentary by Faniel Block inthe 4C series is the place to start* 1t is' by far' the best intermediate;advancedlevel commentary on the book* 1f you can only a$ord one commentary on the Bookof .udges' sell something you don#t need and get Block to consult along with Favis*Highly recommended*

&. +li%ation Commentary,).

Aounger#s volume on .udges and 6uth is one of the stronger contributions to the41


17/92

-. +rth0r !. C0ndall ? eon 'orris — Judges & Ruth (Tyndale OldTestament Commentaries, 19:5).rthur Cundall contributed the commentary on .udges in the T%TC series* Like theother contributions to this series' it is written at an introductory level and isaccessible to all readers*

/. 'i%hael Wil%o% — The Message of Judges (The #i$le 4eas Today,199&). "ilcock#s introductory level commentary on .udges is a helpful and practicalexposition of the text* -reachers and teachers will &nd much of value within*



18/92

*0nners 68 There are a number of other helpful commentaries on the Book of .udges' including those by ndrew 0ausset '


19/92

&. rederi% W. #0sh. — Ruth, Esther (Word #i$li%al Commentary, 199:). n extensive' if somewhat technical' commentary on the Book of 6uth' but one wellworth consulting*

-. Iain '. 00id — Esther & Ruth (*e@ormed !Aository Commentary,/).1ain Fuguid#s commentary is primarily directed toward pastors and teachers' but itwill bene&t any reader* The commentary is less technical than many others and verypractical*



20/92

/. +li%ation Commentary,). 1 have already mentioned Aounger#s commentary in my post of .udges* Hiscommentary on 6uth within the same volume is also very helpful*

*0nners 68 There are a number of other helpful commentaries on the Book of6uth' including those by Leon 3orris' inclair 0erguson' Favid tkinson' Fean lrich' tephen Fray' * Boyd Luter Barry Favis ' ordon Deddie'


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Top 5 Commentaries on the Books of 1 <

% 9am4el

from Keith Mathison

The books of amuel deal in the broadest sense with the establishment of the monarchy in (srael

in fulfillment of promises found within the Pentateuch. )ithin this lar&er conte"t, these booksfocus primarily on the stories of three important individuals in the history of (srael9 amuel,

aul, and !avid. The followin& are five of the most helpful commentaries on the books of

amuel.

1. 7ale 3alph 7a;is — 1 "a#el , 2 "a#el (=oc4s on the Bible, %, %%$.

!avis+ commentaries on 4oshua and 4ud&es set a standard for readable, insi&htful, introductory

level commentaries on the historical books of the Old Testament. His volumes on the books of

amuel maintain that hi&h standard. These commentaries are written at a level accessible to thelayman, yet they offer numerous insi&hts for pastors and teachers that other commentaries

overlook. ( cannot recommend these two commentaries hi&hly enou&h.

%. 7a;id T. Ts4m4ra — The $irst Book of "a#el (*e) nternational Commentary on the

2ld Testament, %"$.

The best intermediate#advanced level commentary on the first book of amuel is now the

commentary by !avid Tsumura in the -(*OT series. (t is very well written and very thorou&h.Tsumura+s e"pertise in the lan&ua&es of the ancient -ear 5ast is evident throu&hout. He is

currently workin& on the follow#up volume on amuel in the same series, but &iven the fact

that the first volume is appro"imately >// pa&es, it may be some time before we see thecompleted set. )hen it is complete, it will likely be the standard scholarly commentary on these

books for many years. Hi&hly recommended.

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-. 3onald =. >o4n8blood. — ?1 < % 9am4el@ (Apositors Bible Commentary, 1!#$.

Althou&h volume @ of the 5"positor+s $ible *ommentary contains commentaries on

!euteronomy # amuel, Boun&blood+s work on amuel takes up appro"imately half of theentire volume. (t is one of the three best commentaries in this series 6alon& with *arson on

Matthew and 3an'emeren on the Psalms8. (t is probably the most helpful intermediate levelcommentary on the books of amuel.

#. Joyce Bald)in — 1 % 2 "a#el (Tyndale 2ld Testament Commentaries, 1!!$.

(t is almost impossible to &o wron& with any of the Tyndale commentaries. $aldwin contributedseveral commentaries to this series, includin& those on 5sther, !aniel, and the post#e"ilic

prophets Ha&&ai, Cechariah, and Malachi. The commentary on the books of amuel is a &reat

e"ample of $aldwin+s hi&h Duality work. A very &ood introductory#intermediate levelcommentary.



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5. Bill T. 'rnold — 1 % 2 "a#el (* 'pplication Commentary, %-$.

Arnold+s commentary on the books of amuel in the -(3A* series is one of the better

contributions. The stren&th of the -(3A* series is its focus on contemporary applications, andArnold is helpful here, but he is also concerned to deal with the ori&inal meanin& of the te"t and

does so very well. (t is an en&a&in& work.

34nners p6 There are a number of other helpful commentaries on the books of amuel.

2obert $er&en has contributed a solid commentary to the -ew American *ommentary series.

'ordon Keddie has contributed two volumes to the )elwyn *ommentary eries 6!awn of a

Kin&dom, Triumph of the Kin&8. On the more technical side are the contributions to the )ord$iblical *ommentary series by 2alph Klein and A.A. Anderson.

Top 5 Commentaries on the Books of = 8 Dings

The books of = and 8 Dings recount events that cover a period of /ust over fourhundred years' from the death of Favid to the release of .ehoiachin from prison inBabylon* The books of enesis through amuel describe the progressive andgradual ful&llment of od#s promises to give braham the land of Canaan and tomake of him a great nation* The books of = and 8 Dings describe a ma/or reversal' amovement towards the eventual loss of the land and exile* The following are &ve ofthe most helpful commentaries on the books of = 8 Dings*

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1. ale *alh a2is — !ings, " !ings (o%0s on the #i$le, , /). 1 have already mentioned the high (uality of Favis# commentaries on the books of

.oshua' .udges' = amuel' and 8 amuel* His commentaries on = 8 Dings aree(ually outstanding* These commentaries should be on the shelf of every Biblestudent and pastor*

. 3a0l *. "o0se — , " !ings (New +meri%an Commentary, 199/). %ne of the best intermediate level commentaries on the books of = 8 Dings is thecommentary by -aul 6* House in the 4C series* This is the commentary to whichpastors should turn if they are seeking more exegetical detail than is found in theworks of Favis mentioned above* House explores historical' literary' canonical'theological' and applicational concerns thoroughly and competently* Highlyrecommended*

&. Iain W. 3ro2an. — and " !ings (New International #i$li%alCommentary, 199/). -rovan#s commentary on Dings in the 41BC series may be the best individualcontribution to that series* The format of the series limits the amount of space theauthor has' but -rovan uses it wisely* He explores the theological themes of thebook within its larger redemptive;historical context*


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-. onald J. Wiseman — & " !ings (Tyndale Old TestamentCommentaries, 199&)."iseman#s contribution to the Tyndale series is another strong contribution*

lthough it is a bit more technical than the introductory level works by Favis' thiscommentary' like the others in this series' is accessible to virtually any reader*"iseman#s specialty is ancient 4ear Eastern history' and his insights from this &eldof study are evident in this work* good introduction to the books of = 8 Dings*

/. 'orde%hai Coan (and "ayim Tadmor) — !ings, " !ings (+n%hor =ale#i$le Commentaries, 1, 1955). Cogan and Tadmor co;wrote the volume on 8 Dings in =IJJ* Aears later' in 899=' thecommentary on = Dings was published* The volume on = Dings was written byCogan alone* These commentaries are written from a somewhat critical perspectiveand should be used with care' but the author#s knowledge of the ancient 4ear

Eastern context makes these works very helpful for those interested in moretechnical commentaries*

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*0nners 68 There are a number of other helpfulcommentaries on the books of Dings* 6oger Ellsworth has written commentaries on= Dings and 8 Dings that will be helpful for preachers* The recent contribution byugust Donkel to the 412=K:* Chronicles was written to the people of 1srael in theearly post;exilic period to guide them during the period of restoration following their

long exile* These theologically rich books contain principles that remain as relevantfor the people of od today as they were for the people of od then* The followingare &ve of the most helpful commentaries on = 8 Chronicles*

1. *oddy . #ra0n and *aymond #. illard — #hronic$es, " #hronic$es (Word #i$li%al Commentary, 195:, 1957). lthough they are on the more technical side' the commentaries by Braun andFillard in the "ord Biblical Commentary series are indispensable for serious study of the text* Each also o$ers helpful theological insight' sometimes missing fromtechnical commentaries* The layout of the "ord Biblical Commentaries can takesome getting used to' but in the case of these two works' it is worth the e$ort*

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. *i%hard . 3ratt — & " #hronic$es ('entor Commentary, 1995). -ratt#s commentary on = 8 Chronicles is distinctive in that it concerns itselfprimarily with the theological aspects of the books* 0or those who have haddi)culty understanding the relevance and signi&cance of Chronicles' this will be a

good place to start* 1t is an intermediate level commentary that should be of use tolaymen' pastors' and scholars*

&. 'artin 4elman. — #hronic$es, " #hronic$es (Tyndale Old TestamentCommentaries 199-). s with many other commentaries in the Tyndale series' elman#s work is clear andconcise without being simplistic* This is a good place to begin for laymen who arelooking for a basic introduction to the books*



28/92

-. +ndrew !. "ill — & " #hronic$es (NI> +li%ation Commentary, &).1t is one thing to understand what the original author of Chronicles was saying topost;exilic 1srael' it is another to understand how the teaching of Chronicles appliesto the 8=st century church* The strength of the 41< pplication series is in bridging

the gap between the original audience and today#s audience* Hill accomplishes thisgoal nicely' resulting in a work that will prove especially valuable for pastors andteachers*

/. 4ara Jahet — & " #hronic$es (Old Testament i$rary, 199&). .aphet#s commentary is written from a moderately critical perspective' so it must beused with care' but its thoroughness makes it worth consulting* 1t is a must forseminary students doing in;depth study of these books*



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*0nners 68 There are a number of other helpful commentaries on = 8Chronicles* mong them are the introductory level works by 3ichael "ilcock andCyril .* Barber 7


30/92

consulted in con/unction with 0ensham#s work* There is more technical informationin "illiamson#s work' but it is less user friendly due to the cumbersome format ofthe "BC*

&. ere


31/92

/. J.G. '%Con2ille — E%ra, Nehemiah and Esther (aily 4t0dy #i$le, 195/). 1 have bene&ted from many of 3cConville#s works' and this brief introductory levelcommentary is no exception* 1 &nd Didner somewhat more useful' but 3cConvilleshould not be ignored*

*0nners 68 There are a number of other helpful commentaries on EGra and4ehemiah* mong them are the introductory level commentaries by 6aymondBrown 74ehemiah only: and tan Evers* eminary students will also want toconsult the work of Favid .** Clines*

Top 5 Commentaries on the Book of Esther

1n the Hebrew Bible' the book of Esther is found in the third section of the canon'the "ritings* 1t is the last of the &ve +scrolls, 76uth' ong of ongs' Ecclesiastes'Lamentations' and Esther:' and is read at the 0east of -urim* 1t is a deeply profoundand moving narrative of historical events that displayed the providence of od* Thefollowing are &ve of the most helpful commentaries on this book of cripture*

1. +li%ation Commentary, 1999). Daren .obes has written the most engaging' interesting' and helpful commentary onthe book of Esther presently available* Her knowledge of the text is extensive' and

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her insights into current application are valuable* The commentary is accessible tolaymen' but should be useful to pastors and scholars as well*

. Joy%e #aldwin — Esther (Tyndale Old Testament Commentaries, 195-). .oyce Baldwin was among the most consistent commentators of the previous

generation* This commentary on Esther in the Tyndale series is a perfect example of the value of her work* Clear' concise' and to the point ? always an asset incommentaries*

&. Iain 00id. — Esther and Ruth (*e@ormed !Aository Commentary,/). Fuguid#s commentary would be a good addition to the library of any pastor orteacher* His exposition of the text is careful and clear* There is also a very helpfulfocus on contemporary application*



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-. rederi% #0sh — RuthEsther (Word #i$li%al Commentary, 199:).0or those seeking a more extensive commentary on the book of Esther' 0redericBush#s work in the "BC series is a good place to start* lthough a bit too technicalfor most readers' it will be of bene&t to seminary students and others doing in;depthstudy of the text*

/. 'er2in #reneman — E%ra, Nehemiah, Esther (New +meri%anCommentary, 199&). 1 have already mentioned Breneman#s commentary in my post on the top &ve EGra;4ehemiah commentaries* The same evaluation applies here* very helpful work*



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*0nners 68 There are a number of other helpful commentaries on the book ofEsther* mong them are the introductory level commentary by .** 3cConville*eminary students will also want to consult the work of Favid .** Clines *

Top 5 Commentaries on the Book of .ob

"ith this post' we begin to look at the best commentaries on the %ld Testament"isdom Books and -salms* 0or a good introductory overview of these books' 1 wouldrecommend Faniel Estes# Handbook on the Wisdom Books and Psalms and FerekDidner#s The Wisdom of Proverbs !ob and "cclesiastes* Estes# book is essentially amini;commentary on all of these books' while Didner#s work is focused more on thenature of "isdom literature* 1n this post' we look at the deeply profound book of .ob*

The following are &ve of the most helpful commentaries on this book of cripture*

1. a2id J.+. Clines — Job '"(B Job "')* (Word #i$li%al Commentary,1959, :). s readers of this series of blog posts will know' 1 &nd the layout of the "ord BiblicalCommentaries a bit exasperating* However' some of the commentaries in the seriesare so good that it is worth the e$ort to deal with the poor editorial decisions of thepublisher* Clines# commentary on .ob is one of those works* lthough it is not yetcomplete 7the &nal volume will cover chapters >J;M= and include extensiveindexes:' this is the best commentary available on the book* Clines is one of thosecommentators who realiGes the necessity of dealing not only with the minutiae ofthe text' but with the big picture as well* 1t is a more technical commentary' butthose who take the time to work through it will be rewarded*


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. John "artley — The Book of Job (New International Commentary on theOld Testament, 1955). Hartley#s commentary on .ob is not as comprehensive or technical as Clines# work'but it is not written at an introductory level either* 1t is a thorough and demanding

work that supplements Clines well* 6eaders will &nd much insight into the meaningof .ob here* Highly recommended*

&. ran%is I. +ndersen — Job (Tyndale Old Testament Commentaries, 197:).

0or those seeking a more introductory level commentary on the book of .ob' 0rancisnderson#s commentary is the best place to start* nderson is a renowned scholar'and the commentary reNects his learning without becoming overly technical*


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-. !lmer 4mi% — Jo$D in The E+ositor-s Bib$e #ommentary (195-).1 may be somewhat partial to the commentary by Elmer mick because he was oneof my professors during the &nal years of his life* He is not as well;known as some of the other commentators mentioned in these posts' but he was a godly man' and his

devotion to .esus Christ is evident on the pages of his commentary on .ob*

/. a2id +tinson — The Message of Job (The #i$le 4eas Today, 1991). The Bible peaks Today volumes vary in terms of (uality and helpfulness* Thevolume on .ob by Favid tkinson is one of the more helpful works in the series*

There is much of practical value here*

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*0nners 68 There are a number of other helpful commentaries on the book of .ob*mong them are several works that will be of help to pastors including thecommentaries by Ferek Thomas' Bill Cotton' erald "ilson' and teven Lawson *

Top 5 Commentaries on the Book of -salms The Book of -salms is one of the most beloved portions of Holy cripture* 1tscontents are read and sung by millions every day* The book is actually a collectionof =59 individual songs composed over a period of approximately =999 years' fromthe time of 3oses 7-salm I9: to the post;exilic period 7-salm =8K:* eventy;three ofthe psalms are explicitly attributed to Favid' but other authors are mentioned aswell* There are a number of books available that o$er some helpful introductoryinsights into the book of -salms* Two that are very helpful are C* Hassell Bullock#s"ncountering the Book of Psalms and eo$rey rogan#s Pra#er Praise andProphec# * 1n addition to these works' there are a number of great commentaries onthe book of -salms* The following are &ve of the most helpful*

1. Willem +. >anGemeren — 3salmsD in the !AositorEs #i$le Commentary(1991). 1t may appear that a commentary on the book of -salms that is bound together in avolume that covers -roverbs' Ecclesiastes' and ong of ongs as well would nothave enough space to be worthwhile* 1n the case of +li%ation Commentary, ).

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The 41


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book by book basis* 3ost sets are a very mixed bag* The Tyndale set is one of thevery few 1 would suggest as a whole* 1t is very consistent' and Didner#s contributionsare one reason for this*

/. 3eter Craiie, 'ar2in Tate, eslie +llen — .sa$ms '0(B .sa$ms 0'((B.sa$ms ('0( (Word #i$li%al Commentary, 195&, 199, ). 1t is di)cult to decide between these three commentaries and the volumes byoldingay mentioned below* 1#ve included the three "BC volumes primarily on thestrength of Craigie#s contribution* 1t is technical' but very helpful* Craigie was towrite all of the volumes on the -salms' but his death meant other scholars wouldhave to complete the work* nfortunately' the contributions by Tate and llen arenot (uite as good as the one by Craigie' although llen#s is somewhat closer to themark*

*0nners 68 There are a number of other helpful commentaries on the book of

-salms* mong these are the classic works of .ohn Calvin and 3artin Luther*Charles purgeon#s commentary provides a wealth of material for preachers* %thercommentaries that will prove especially helpful for pastors are those by "illiam *-lumer' 3ichael "ilcock 7


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However' since the commentary proper is somewhat sparse' this work is best usedalongside other works such as those mentioned above*

Top 5 Commentaries on the Book of -roverbs

The book of -roverbs is the central wisdom book of the %ld Testament* Like the bookof -salms' it is a +collection of collections*, The individual proverbs were composedby di$erent authors 7e*g*' olomon' gur' Lemuel: over a period of time and &nallycollected into a single book* The -roverbs are too often neglected by Christianstoday' but they are also too often misunderstood* There are a number of helpfulcommentaries on -roverbs' and the following are &ve of the best*

1. #r0%e


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&. *aymond C. >an ee0wen — 3ro2er$sD in The New InterreterEs #i$le(1997).


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/. ere


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1. ere


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*0nners 68 There are a number of other helpful commentaries on the book ofEcclesiastes* The commentary by Charles Bridges is a classic* new ma/orcommentary by Craig Bartholomew is forthcoming and should be worth consulting*

Top 5 Commentaries on The ong of ongs

1t is somewhat di)cult to recommend a +Top 5, list on the ong of ongs becauseone#s inclusion of commentaries in the list will largely depend on whether one takesan allegorical or non;allegorical approach to the book* The list below is based on myown non;allegorical approach to the book*

1. Tom Gledhill — The Message of the 3ong of 3ongs (The #i$le 4easToday, 199-).

Tom ledhill#s commentary on the ong of ongs is accessible to any reader' butthe fact that it is accessible does not mean that it is simplistic* 1n fact' in places it is

truly profound and insightful* ledhill sees the book for what it is ; a poeticexploration of human love that points beyond itself to the Creator and 6edeemer*


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work on the ong of olomon* Like ledhill' Carr takes a non;allegorical approach tothe book' and provides numerous insights*

&. *i%hard 4. "ess — 3ong of 3ongs (#aer Commentary on the Old

Testament Wisdom and 3salms, /). mong the more advanced commentaries written from an evangelical perspective'the work by 6ichard Hess is probably the most helpful* 1n addition to carefulexegesis' Hess provides insightful reNections on the theology of the book* This issomething missing in too many commentaries* Highly recommended*

-. Tremer onman — 3ong of 3ongs (New International Commentary onthe Old Testament, 1). 0or those seeking a thorough exegetical commentary' Longman#s work in the 41C%Tseries is a good resource* He approaches the book as a poem 7or more precisely ananthology of poems: about the male;female relationship' which itself is analogous to

the relationship between od and His people*



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on this prophetic book' and the following are &ve of the best*

1. J. +le% 'otyer — The .rohecy of 4saiah2 5n 4ntroduction & #ommentary (199&).

The best commentary on 1saiah' hands down' is 3otyer#s stand alone volumepublished by 1nter


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*0nners 68 There are a number of other helpful commentaries on the Book of1saiah' including those by eo$rey rogan' .* 6idderbos' llan Harman' Ferek

Thomas' and Bryan Beyer*

Top 5 Commentaries on the Book of .eremiah

The prophet .eremiah witnessed the fall of .udah in 5JK B*C* .eremiah#s propheciesdeclare the end of one era and announce the beginning of another* The law of odgiven to 3oses had decreed that violations of the covenant would result in theremoval of od#s blessings and the imposition of the sanctions of the covenant*

.eremiah#s ministry both announces and witnesses the imposition of the &nalcovenantal curse upon .udah' the curse of exile* .eremiah' however' also bearswitness to od#s intense love for his people* .udgment is not od#s last word for

.udah according to .eremiah' and he consoles his readers with numerous propheciesof restoration and salvation beyond exile* There are a number of (uite helpful

commentaries on this prophetic book' and the following are &ve of the best*

1. J.+. Thomson — The Book of Jeremiah (New International Commentaryon the Old Testament, 195). -robably the best overall commentary on the book of .eremiah is .** Thompson#swork in the 41C%T series* lthough it is moderately technical in places' all Hebrew istransliterated and fully explained* 1t is therefore accessible to most readers*

Thompson writes from an evangelical perspective and o$ers numerous helpfulinsights into the meaning of this book*

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. Ja% *. 0nd$om — Jeremiah '"(, Jeremiah "')8, Jeremiah )*'0" (The+n%hor =ale #i$le Commentaries, 1999, -, -).

Those looking for an exhaustive technical commentary on .eremiah will &ndLundbom#s three;volume work a treasure trove of valuable information* The &rstvolume contains a lengthy introduction dealing with the standard introductoryissues of composition and context* Lundbom also deals with the theology of

.eremiah in this introductory section* The bulk of the three volumes is devoted tocommentary on the text* Lundbom approaches .eremiah#s work section by section'with detailed notes as well as section summaries* also containsome very informative appendices* Highly recommended for the serious student of

.eremiah*

&. John . 'a%ay — Jeremiah '"(, Jeremiah "'0" ('entor Commentary,-). 3ackay#s commentary on .eremiah is detailed without being overly technical* 1t willprove especially helpful for Bible teachers and pastors who are looking for help withexposition of the text*

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-. Tremer onman — Jeremiah, Lamentations (New International #i$li%alCommentary, 5).

This recent commentary by a well;known evangelical author &lls a gap by providingfor a general audience the fruits of the most up;to;date scholarship on the book of

.eremiah* lthough easily accessible' Longman provides numerous literary andtheological insights into the book*

/. ere


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*0nners 68 There are a number of other helpful commentaries on the Book of .eremiah* 6*D* Harrison#s volume in the Tyndale series is a helpful introductory levelwork* -astors will &nd the commentaries by -hilip raham 6yken and .* ndrewFearman helpful*

ll students of cripture should also take the time to look at .ohn Calvin#s commentary on .eremiah*

Top 5 Commentaries on the Book of Lamentations

The book of Lamentations was written soon after the fall of .erusalem in 5JK B*C* 1tconsists of &ve poetic songs of lament* 1t is not among the most popular %ld

Testament books' but it repays careful study* There are a number of helpfulcommentaries on this book' and the following are &ve of the best*

1. 0ane Garrett and 3a0l "o0se — 3ong of 3ongs Lamentations (Word#i$li%al Commentary, -). side from the standard drawbacks of the "BC format' the commentary by Houseon the book of Lamentations is the best place to begin* He deals with every aspectof the text and digs into the theology of the book* lthough somewhat technical' itis very useful*

http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/087784271X?ie=UTF8&tag=ligoniminist-20&linkCode=as2&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=087784271Xhttp://www.amazon.com/gp/product/087784271X?ie=UTF8&tag=ligoniminist-20&linkCode=as2&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=087784271Xhttp://www.amazon.com/gp/product/1581341679?ie=UTF8&tag=ligoniminist-20&linkCode=as2&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=1581341679http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0310206162?ie=UTF8&tag=ligoniminist-20&linkCode=as2&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=0310206162http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0310206162?ie=UTF8&tag=ligoniminist-20&linkCode=as2&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=0310206162http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0851515525?ie=UTF8&tag=ligoniminist-20&linkCode=as2&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=0851515525http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0849908256?ie=UTF8&tag=ligoniminist-20&linkCode=as2&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=0849908256http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/087784271X?ie=UTF8&tag=ligoniminist-20&linkCode=as2&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=087784271Xhttp://www.amazon.com/gp/product/1581341679?ie=UTF8&tag=ligoniminist-20&linkCode=as2&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=1581341679http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0310206162?ie=UTF8&tag=ligoniminist-20&linkCode=as2&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=0310206162http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0310206162?ie=UTF8&tag=ligoniminist-20&linkCode=as2&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=0310206162http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0851515525?ie=UTF8&tag=ligoniminist-20&linkCode=as2&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=0851515525http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0849908256?ie=UTF8&tag=ligoniminist-20&linkCode=as2&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=0849908256


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. J. +ndrew earman — Jeremiah Lamentations (NI> +li%ationCommentary, ). "ith a book like Lamentations' it is sometimes di)cult to comprehend thecontemporary signi&cance* Fearman does an outstanding /ob showing the way inwhich this book remains very relevant 8599 years after the &rst destruction of

.erusalem* This commentary will be particularly helpful for pastors*

&. 3hili Graham *yen — Jeremiah and Lamentations (3rea%hin theWord, 1). 6yken#s commentaries are always clear and helpful* This commentary is noexception and is a goldmine for preachers and teachers*

-. Tremer onman — Jeremiah, Lamentations (New International #i$li%alCommentary, 5). 1 have already mentioned Longman#s commentary in connection with .eremiah* His

commentary on Lamentations in the same volume is e(ually helpful*



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/. John 'a%ay — Lamentations ('entor Commentary, 5). This new commentary is a great contribution to the existing works on Lamentations*3ackay is always insightful and practical* Thorough but not overly technical*

*0nners 68 There are a number of other helpful commentaries on the book ofLamentations* t an introductory level is the work in the Tyndale series by 6*D* Harrison* eminary students and others doing in;depth study of the book will wantto consult the commentary by 1ain -rovan* -reachers will &nd the works of 6ichardBrooks and 0*B* Huey useful*

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