towards a statistical knowledge network ben shneiderman & catherine plaisant university of...
DESCRIPTION
Towards a Statistical Knowledge Network. gov Scientific Approach (beyond user friendly) Specify users and tasks Predict and measure –time to learn –speed of performance –rate of human errors –human retention over time Assess subjective satisfaction (Questionnaire for User Interface Satisfaction) Accommodate individual differences Consider social, organizational & cultural contextTRANSCRIPT
Towards a Statistical Knowledge Network
Ben Shneiderman & Catherine PlaisantUniversity of Maryland at College Park
Gary Marchionini, Stephanie Haas & Carol HertUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
(NSF Grants EIA 0131824 & EIA 0129978)
www.ils.unc.edu/govstat
Towards a Statistical Knowledge Network
.gov
Human-Computer Interaction Laboratory
Interdisciplinary research community - Computer Science & Psychology - Information Studies & Education (www.cs.umd.edu/hcil)
Towards a Statistical Knowledge Network
.gov
Scientific Approach (beyond user friendly)• Specify users and tasks• Predict and measure
– time to learn– speed of performance– rate of human errors– human retention over time
• Assess subjective satisfaction (Questionnaire for User Interface Satisfaction)
• Accommodate individual differences• Consider social, organizational & cultural context
Towards a Statistical Knowledge Network
.gov
U.S. Library of Congress
• Scholars, Journalists, Citizens
• Teachers, Students
Towards a Statistical Knowledge Network
.gov
Visible Human Explorer (NLM)
• Doctors
• Surgeons
• Researchers
• Students
Towards a Statistical Knowledge Network
.gov
NASA Environmental Data
• Scientists
• Farmers
• Land planners
• Students
Towards a Statistical Knowledge Network
.gov
Bureau of the Census
• Economists, Policy makers, Journalists
• Teachers, Students
Towards a Statistical Knowledge Network
.gov
NSF Digital Government Initiative
• Find what you need• Understand what you Find
www.ils.unc.edu/govstat/
Census,NCHS, BLS, EIA,NASS, SSA
Towards a Statistical Knowledge Network
.gov
Treemap: Stock market, industry clustered
Towards a Statistical Knowledge Network
.gov
Types of Collaboration• Direct Support (2003-05)
– BLS, SSA, Census, NCHS• Prototype installation on FedStats server• Face to Face Meetings
– Biannual meetings in Washington DC (May, Dec)– Help Symposium in Chapel Hill, NC (Jan 21-22, 2005)– Partner meetings (BLS, Census, NICS)
• Listservs, paper co-authorships, evaluation • Participate in Digital Government Conferences
Towards a Statistical Knowledge Network
.gov
Research Value of DG Domain• Opportunity to
– See research applied in important domains– Work with large-scale problems
• Number of people affected• Size of data sets and number of systems• Open data sets
– Help agencies shape vision and service– Work in interdisciplinary teams
Towards a Statistical Knowledge Network
.gov
Challenges/Barriers• Large number of stakeholders
– Agencies and personnel– Diverse citizen population
• Interagency cultures and perspectives– Federal and state/local agencies– Academic departments
• Emphasis on security diverts attention from other important issues
Towards a Statistical Knowledge Network
.gov
Scientific Research Objective• Support non-specialist access and understanding of
government statistics– Develop and evaluate
• user interfaces• metadata strategies• online help
– Develop alternative information architectures and strategies
“Find what you need, understand what you find”
Towards a Statistical Knowledge Network
.gov
Accomplishments• SKN architecture• Relation Browser & Crawler• Layered help model & ShowMe!s• Layered metadata model • Interactive Glossary implementation and
user studies • Audio map interface
Towards a Statistical Knowledge Network
.gov
Statistical Knowledge Network Architecture
Agencies
SKN RegistryActions
Contribute Find
Display Annotate
UnderstandManipulate Collaborate
…..
………….
ObjectsActions
Private Work Space
ObjectsActions
Private Work Space
ObjectsActions
Private Work Space
Ontology Rules & Constraints
SKN Consortium
…..
Objects Reports metadataTables metadataPeople metadata
GlossaryAnnotations
Towards a Statistical Knowledge Network
.gov
Relation Browser: EIA pages
Towards a Statistical Knowledge Network
.gov
ShowMe! : Recorded Demonstrations
• Narrated demonstrations of procedures• Show users < 1 min demos• Use Screen Capture (e.g. Camtasia)
with audio & highlighting• Better than videos:
sharper & smaller files
Towards a Statistical Knowledge Network
.gov
Guidelines: Recorded Demonstrations
• Provide procedural or instructional information rather than conceptual information
• Keep segments short • Ensure that tasks are clear and simple• Coordinate demonstrations with text documentation• Use spoken narration • Be faithful to the actual user interface • Use highlighting to guide attention• Ensure user control• Keep file sizes small• Strive for universal usability
Towards a Statistical Knowledge Network
.gov
Empirical Studies: FedStats
1st : alphabetical list of 645 destination links 15 subjects starting on A-Z page/home page
2nd : 16 categories list of 549 destination links 15 subjects starting on categories page
3rd : 16 categories list of 215 portal links15 subjects starting on categories page
Towards a Statistical Knowledge Network
.gov
FedStats - original version 645 links
Towards a Statistical Knowledge Network
.gov
Scenarios
Scenario 1: “I’m a social activist in the Raleigh-Durham, North Carolina area and have become increasingly concerned about urban sprawl and the loss of rural areas for both farming and recreation. I need statistics to support my claim that significant differences occur when urban development occurs in rural and/or farming areas.”
Scenario 2: “I would like to open a grocery store specializing in organic products in the greater Seattle metropolitan area. What are the trends in production and consumption of organic food products? Would the Seattle area be a good place to locate?”
Scenario 3:” I’m contemplating a move from Seattle to Bozeman, MT. How do they compare?“
Towards a Statistical Knowledge Network
.gov
FedStats: 16 categories list of 549 destination links
Towards a Statistical Knowledge Network
.gov
FedStats: 16 categories list of 215 portal links
Towards a Statistical Knowledge Network
.gov
Results1st study 2nd study 3rd study
correct answers 15% 24% 42%website usefulness 35% 46% 68%
website ease of use 42% 56% 73%
average frustration(scale 1-10)
6 6 3
spent too much time 58% 55% 32%
Towards a Statistical Knowledge Network
.gov
Recommendations
Universal access - accommodate diversity of users: experts, first-time & one-time users
Easy Navigation - structured information Common language - easy to understand terminology Comparative search - allow comparative search. Advanced search - fully functional search Data Tools - support viewing & analyzing statistical data Data Granularity - Allow user choice by geography & time
Towards a Statistical Knowledge Network
.gov
Recommendations for Improving DG Program
• Develop formal technology transfer models• Develop sustainability models linked to
technology transfer• Increase levels of funding• Develop mechanisms to involve state and local
government agencies