towards an addis ababa urban age task force › de › docs › ... · 2 1 report authors dr...

Towards an Addis Ababa Urban Age Task ForcePre-assessment report

12

Report AuthorsDr Philipp RodeExecutive Director, LSE Cities and Associate Professorial Research Fellow, LSEDr Moges TadesseDirector, Socio-Economic Development Plan Directorate, Addis Ababa Plan and Development Commission

Production and Graphic DesignEmily Cruz Outreach Manager, LSE CitiesAtelierWorks www.atelierworks.co.uk

This Report is intended as a basis for discussion. While every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of the material in this report, the authors and/or LSE Cities will not be liable for any loss or damage incurred through the use of this report.

Published by LSE Cities, London School of Economics and Political Science, 2019.

Photo credits:All photos © Charlie Rosser

LSE Cities London School of Economics and Political ScienceHoughton StreetLondon WC2A 2AEUnited Kingdom

[email protected]

@LSECities

LSE Cities

LSE Cities

Addis Ababa Plan and Development CommissionHaile Gebresilasie AvenueAddis AbabaEthiopia

Contents

1. Context

2. Objectives, programme overview and criteria

3. Addis Ababa: decision-making context

4. New urban governance

5. Substantive policy issues and themes

6. Recommended Addis Ababa Task Force focus

7. Stakeholder engagement and feedback

8. Operationalising an Addis Ababa Task Force

Appendix 1. Task force pilot programmes

Appendix 2. Pre-assessment selection criteria tables

Appendix 3. Addis Ababa’s compact growth and density objectives

Appendix 4. List of initial stakeholders

Appendix 5. Stakeholder survey responses

Appendix 6. List of participants of stakeholder workshop

2

3

4

8

12

17

18

22

25

26

29

32

33

38

http://[email protected]

https://lsecities.net/

https://twitter.com/LSECities

https://en-gb.facebook.com/LSECities/

https://www.linkedin.com/authwall?trk=ripf&trkInfo=AQG-nMndt5RuIAAAAWrGtFhIv6ptMyfDo8uNWxIVD5qwpgJcjsHu2b8LunvN1WxHz8RRUOOceIYk1btTJLP27qMFCaiDGe0ZXKNDdTEIwR4ecHd0wOUodamjeZeZMc4gTDDYM70=&originalReferer=https://lsecities.net/&sessionRedirect=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.linkedin.com%2Fcompany%2Flsecities

32

2. Objectives, programme overview and criteria

2.1 Overarching objectives

To date, the Urban Age Programme has primarily been a vehicle for joining up urban research, policy and practice; enabling critical reflection; facilitating cross-disciplinary exchange; and establishing a comparative information base. Its principal means of engagement have been high-level conferences informed by research, public events and publications.

Moving forwards and responding to the now more clearly defined United Nations (UN) New Urban Agenda (NUA), alongside the UN Sustainable Development Goals and the 21st Conference of the Parties of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP21) Paris Agreement, the Urban Age Programme will shift its focus towards the delivery of change in cities. The following five principal goals will guide this future orientation:

1. conduct research-driven policy and public engagement activities that are impact-oriented and support sustain-able urban development;

2. apply the knowledge, methodologies and concepts developed by the Urban Age Programme as part of deci-sion-making, planning and implementation processes;

3. activate the Urban Age network to facilitate the delivery of change in cities;

4. act as integrator between the different tiers of govern-ance, government departments and key stakeholders;

5. complement established and new international urban programmes to enhance the overall impact of the Urban Age Programme.

2.2 Urban Age Task Force Programme

The principal means of engagement to inform the next phase of the Urban Age Programme is two parallel Urban Age task forces, starting in 2019 and ending in 2020. The plan is to run one task force in a city of the developing world (Addis Ababa in Ethiopia) starting in 2019 and one task force in a European city (such as Athens in Greece) starting in 2020. The final selection of the Urban Age Task Force cities is made jointly by the Urban Age executive group and the individual city governments following a pre-assessment. Urban Age is engaging with several cities with which it has a pre-existing relationship, and assessing their local conditions. The selection will be made by identifying which of these cities has the best:

1. fit between local priorities and Urban Age network expertise/knowledge;

2. political opportunities for real impact on the ground; 3. possibilities to contribute to local urban development

with capacity building initiatives.

Building on the achievements of the Urban Age Task Force pilot programme (see Appendix 1), the Urban Age Task Force will bring together experts from within the LSE Cities/Urban Age network and beyond to work with local governments to provide capacity building and act as client-

side advisors in a range of different contexts. Task Force experts will steer the process and provide input to senior officials making decisions that will impact on the future strategic development of their cities. This will be comple-mented by tailor-made capacity building with key public officials and stakeholders to be held within the immersive Task Force period.

Urban Age Task Force Programme Overview

− A city government support system to assist with governing complex urban challenges

− Joined-up advisory activities and capacity building − Demand-driven and implementation-oriented focus − 12–18 month core engagement with one or two week-long workshops in task force cities

− Supported by Urban Age research at LSE Cities

As evidenced by the three pilots listed in Appendix 1, the Urban Age Task Force provides a real opportunity for Urban Age to impact decision-making on the ground, and to combine capacity building and strategic advice in areas undergoing rapid urbanisation.

2.3 Programme selection criteria

The identification of issues and means of engagement are informed by four criteria: relevance, suitability, motivation and investment. Table 1 introduces the key components of each criteria.

The overarching focus of the Urban Age Programme beyond 2018 will be on New Urban Governance for which the Urban Age task forces will be the central means of engagement. LSE Cities has previously carried out research and policy advisory work under the title ‘New Urban Governance’ including co-leading Habitat III Policy Unit four ‘Urban Governance, Capacity and Institutional Development’. The task forces will be structured around key aspects of New Urban Governance alongside a focus on specific substantive issues relevant to the individual city. In the following section is an introduction to the decision-making context in Addis Ababa, identifying the priority areas within urban governance and the key issues relevant to the potential task force.

This report presents the findings of a pre-assessment exercise for an Urban Age Task Force in Addis Ababa, conducted by the Addis Ababa Plan Commission (hence-forth referred to as the Plan Commission) and LSE Cities at the London School of Economics and Political Science.

Part of a two-year Urban Age Task Force project, the Addis Ababa Task Force will run from April 2019 to July 2020. The task forces form an integral part of the Urban Age Programme, a joint initiative by LSE Cities at the London School of Economics and Political Science, and the Alfred Herrhausen Gesellschaft (AHG), which has been running since 2004.

The core aim of the Urban Age task forces is to build on the successes and strengths of the Urban Age Programme, and to extend its focus. Working with local experts the task forces will develop interdisciplinary research-informed proposals for the issues being faced in cities experiencing rapid growth or significant urban change, support capacity building, and optimise the impact of urbanisation on the lives of citizens.

This pre-assessment exercise resulted from meetings in December 2018 between LSE Cities, the Addis Ababa Deputy Mayor Dr Solomon Kidane and the Addis Ababa City Plan Commissioner Mr Dereje Fekadu Deressa. The aim was to review potential Urban Age Task Force focus areas, remits, advisors, timelines and deliverables.

This report has been prepared for the City Administration of Addis Ababa and the Urban Age Executive Group to inform a formal decision on implementing an Urban Age Task Force for Addis Ababa.

1. Context

Table 1: Selection criteria

Relevance Suitability

− Demand − Impact − Knowledge gap − Scalability

− Urban Age existing capability

− Building on legacy − Role of partners

Motivation Investment

− City interest alignment − AHG interest alignment − LSE interest alignment

− Costs − Resources − Budget composition

54

− land administration − road and transport development − improvement of public utilities, such as telecommunica-

tions, electricity and water − housing development − new commercial and public developments, including

modern hospitals, a conference centre, a golf centre, five star hotels, a modern stadium and international schools

− industrial development (in Bole, Akaki and Nefas Silk Lafto sub-cities)

− restructuring of key urban sectors, such as infrastruc-ture, transport and sanitation, to improve service effi-ciency and effectiveness

3.2 Plan Commission and Addis Ababa Structure Plan

The Plan Commission has recently published and launched the Addis Ababa City Structure Plan 2017–2027 (henceforth referred to as the Structure Plan), which will be refined and updated in 2020. Currently, the commission is focusing on local development planning and sectoral implementation, including the recently finished City Cen-tre project; the La Gare mixed-use development; projects in Piazza; and schemes for two main corridors.

The commission has accomplished 70 per cent of the second phase of Ethiopia’s Growth and Transformation Plan (GTP-II 2015/16–2019/20), which will come to an end by mid-2020. This second phase is an extension of the first Growth and Transformation Plan (GTP-I 2009/10–2014/15), which is still ongoing.

The main aim of the GTP-II is to ensure continued acceler-ated, sustainable and equitable economic growth in order to establish Addis Ababa as a middle-income city, to make it the best investment destination in Africa, and to accel-erate sustainable and equitable economic growth as well as to promote a climate resilient green economy by 2025. Furthermore, it aims to ensure the productivity and qual-ity of small and micro enterprises to enable them to play key roles in the city’s economic growth; to expand infra-structure and ensure service quality; to ensure sustainable human resources and technology development through capacity building initiatives; to build the government’s implementation capacity and ensure good governance through public participation; and to enhance youth and women empowerment and participation.

3.3 Key developments and projects

During the first phase of the Structure Plan (2017–2027), the city government is planning to build a total of 521,500 houses on 4,050 hectares of land, and in the second phase 446,500 houses on 2,850 hectares of land.

The following are the key development sites, according to the Structure Plan and to the Addis Ababa City Govern-ment delegation to LSE (November 2018):

− La Gare, a mixed used development with a multi-modal transport hub to ensure seamless transfers between dif-ferent modes of transport for commuters and a diversity of land-uses, including housing, to facilitate a 24/7 vibrant environment.

− La Gare (Public-Private Partnership) international real estate project.

− Megenagna, which has already evolved into a secondary centre for the eastern part of Addis Ababa, has attracted major retail and office functions.

− Arada, the historic centre preserving historical struc-tures and settlement pattern.

− Merkato, the main market and economic hub. − Churchill Avenue, the ‘Champs Élysées’ of Addis Ababa

with interlinked green spaces enhancing the character of a promenade on the southern section by adding, amongst other amenities, a second row of trees.

− Three secondary centres planned at Meri, Kality and Jemo-Lebu.

− Condominium residential housing at Bole-Summit, Bole Ayat, Yeka-Bole and Yeka-Abado, and Bole-Arabsa.

− New plans for parks: redevelopment of the UN Eco-nomic Commission for Africa (ECA) Park and the new Africa Park, 110 sub-city areas with 1 hectare of neigh-bourhood parks.

− Housing: cooperatives; different contracts (the city is contracting rather than building); more housing within the city; more diverse designs.

Ethiopia is divided into nine ethnolinguistically based federal states and two ethnically diverse charter cities: the capital Addis Ababa and the considerably smaller second-ary city Dire Dawa. In 1995, Addis Ababa lost its statehood status, though it still maintains significant planning and tax-raising powers. Among other initiatives, including improving pavements and street surfaces, the city has been responsible for delivering one of Africa’s most ambitious public housing programmes. Members of the city council are directly elected, with the mayor elected by the council. The City government is comprised of ten sub-cities, which oversee 116 woredas (or districts, the lowest administra-tion unit) that administer some local planning and social services. The woredas are made up of a further 824 kebeles (neighbourhoods), which have recently lost their adminis-trative powers.

3.1 City administration and mayor

The current administration, under the leadership of Deputy Mayor Takele Uma Benti, is likely to be in power at least until the next elections, currently scheduled for July 2020.

Until then, no major changes to the political agenda for the city are expected. There are currently no upcoming major political events or city-wide planning processes that would affect an Addis Ababa Urban Age Task Force.

Some of the key city-wide planning and development initiatives are:

− programmes to create more green space and green infrastructure

3. Addis Ababa: decision-making context

Figure 1: Addis Ababa governance structure

Source: Urban Age/LSE Cities analysis based on data from Addis Ababa Masterplan Project Office.

ENVIRONMENT & PLANNING

ECONOMY EDUCATION & CULTURE

HEALTH & SOCIAL SERVICES

INFRASTRUCTURE & TRANSPORT

OTHERSECURITY

FINANCE & ECONOMIC COOPERATION

INDUSTRY

TRADE

CULTURE & TOURISM

REVENUES & CUSTOMS AUTHORITY

INVESTMENT COMMISSION

NATIONAL BANK OF ETHIOPIA

COMMERCIAL BANK OF ETHIOPIA

DEVELOPMENT BANKOF ETHIOPIA

AGRICULTURE & NATURAL RESOURCE

LIVESTOCK & FISHERIES

MINES, PETROLEUM & NATURAL GAS

ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION AUTHORITY

CENTRAL STATISTICALAGENCY

MAPPING AGENCY

GREAT ETHIOPIA RENAISSANCE DAM PROJECT

COMMUNICATION & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

TRANSPORT

WATER, IRRIGATION & ELECTRICITY

URBAN DEVELOPMENT & HOUSING

CONSTRUCTION

ROADS AUTHORITY

TRANSPORT AUTHORITY

SHIPPING & LOGISTICS SERVICES ENTERPRISE

ETHIO TELECOM

ETHIOPIAN AIRLINES

EDUCATION

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

SPACE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY INSTITUTE

HEALTH

PUBLIC SERVICE & HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT

LABOUR & SOCIAL AFFAIRS

WOMEN & CHILDREN AFFAIRS

HIV/AIDS PREVENTION & CONTROL OFFICE

PUBLIC HEALTH INSTITUTE

DEFENCE

FEDERAL POLICE COMMISSION

FOREIGN AFFAIRS

FEDERAL & PASTORALISTS AFFAIRS

ETHIOPIAN EVISA PORTAL

TRADE

INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT

BUREAU SMALL & MICRO-ENTERPRISES DEVELOPMENT

FINANCE & ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

REVENUE AUTHORITY

LAND DEVELOPMENT & MANAGEMENT

PLANNING COMMISSION

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

HOUSING DEVELOPMENT

CONSTRUCTION

ROAD & TRANSPORT

CULTURE & TOURISM

SPORTS & YOUTH AFFAIRS

EDUCATION

TECHNICAL & VOCATIONAL EDUCATION &TRAINING

CHILDREN & WOMEN AFFAIRS

HEALTH

LABOUR & SOCIAL AFFAIRS

PUBLIC SERVICE & HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT

JUSTICE

POLICE COMMISSION

COMMUNICATIONS AFFAIRS

CITY MANAGER’S OFFICE

MAYOR’S OFFICE

MASS MEDIA AGENCY

LOCAL DEVELOPMENT PLANS

UTILITIES & WASTE

PUBLIC HOUSING ADMINISTRATION

PRIMARY & SECONDARY SCHOOLS

HEALTH CENTRES & STATIONS

POPULATION REGISTRAR

LOCAL LAW ENFORCEMENT

LOCAL ECONOMIC PLANNING

LOCAL TAXATION

FEDERAL GOVERNMENT OF ETHIOPIA21 Ministries & 19 of 37 Agencies

ADDIS ABABA CITY ADMINISTRATION25 Bureaus, Offices & Agencies with Subordinate Offices

10 SUB-CITY COUNCILS116 Woredas with 824 Kebeles

National level City level Sub-city level

76

SN

T-11

EA-13

EA-11

EA-13

EA-11

SP-3

EA-11

EA-17

UA

EA-11

EA-17

EA-13

R-1

EA-11

M-S1

UA

M-S1

EA-12

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

EA-11

R-1

UA

EA-14

R-1

EA-11

EA-14

UA

EA-17

M-S1

EA-14

EA-12

R-1

R-1

R-1

EA-12

R-1

R-1

R-1

EA-14EA-11

EA-33A

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

UA

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

EA-11

R-1

M-S1

EA-12

EA-14

M-S1

R-1

R-1

M-S1

R-1

EA-12

EA-11

R-1

R-1

EA-33A

R-1

S-14

R-1

R-1

M-S1

R-1

M-S1

R-1

R-1

R-1

EA-12

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

UA

R-1

R-1

R-2

R-1

R-1R-1R-1

R-1

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

EA-22

EA-11

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

EA-22

M-S1

UA

R-1

R-1

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-2

S-14

R-1

S-31

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-2

EA-11

AD-14

EA-11

R-1

R-1

R-2

EA-12

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-2

R-1

S-14

R-1

EA-17

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

M-S1

R-1

R-1

EA-14

EA-11

R-1

R-1

EA-11

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

M-S1

R-1

EA-22

R-1

R-1

AD-14

EA-11

R-1

R-1

R-1

SP-4

R-1

EA-12

R-2

R-1

M-S1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

M-S1

R-1

R-3

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-3

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

M-S1

R-1

R-1

EA-12

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-2

R-1

EA-11

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-2

R-1

R-1

EA-33C

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-2

R-2

R-2

EA-12

EA-11

M-S1

R-1

R-1

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-2

R-1

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-3

R-1

R-1

R-2

R-1

R-2

EA-12

EA-12

R-1

R-2

R-1

R-1

M-S1

EA-22

R-1

R-3

R-1

R-1

R-2

T-13

R-3

R-1

R-1

R-1

EA-14

R-1

R-1

R-1

SP-1

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-2

R-1

EA-12

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-3

R-2

R-1

EA-11

EA-11

R-1

R-3

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

M-S1

EA-11

T-13

M-S1

R-1

R-1

EA-11

R-1

R-1

R-2

R-1

S-55

R-2

R-1

R-1

EA-14

R-1

R-1

R-1

AD-2

R-1

R-1

M-S1

R-1

M-S1

R-2

M-S1

R-1

R-2

EA-12

R-1

EA-11

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

S-23

R-1

EA-11

R-1

R-2

EA-11

R-1

R-1

R-1

EA-12

R-2

R-2

R-3

R-1

R-2

EA-12

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

S-15

R-4

R-1

R-1

R-1

EA-11

EA-11

R-1

AD-14

R-1

SN

R-1

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-3

M-S1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-2

M-S1

R-1R-1

R-1

R-2

R-1

R-3

R-2

R-1

R-1

EA-12

R-1

R-2

S-53

R-1

R-2

IS-05

R-2

AD-14

R-2

R-1

EA-12

R-2

R-1

R-2

R-1

EA-17

R-1

R-1

M-S1

R-2

R-2

R-2

R-1

R-1

M-S1

R-1

EA-33C

R-3

S-13

R-2

R-2

EA-12

R-1

R-2

S-53

R-1

S-54

R-1

R-1

UA

R-1

R-1

R-2

R-3

R-3

R-1

EA-11

R-2

R-3

EA-12

R-1

R-1

R-3

R-2

R-2

EA-14

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

IS-05

R-4

S-14

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

M-S1

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-2

R-3

R-1

R-1

M-S1

R-1

R-1

EA-12

M-S1

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-1

EA-12

R-3

R-1

R-2

R-3

R-1

R-2

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-2

M-S1

AD-2

M-S1

R-1

UA

R-1

R-1

M-S1M-S1

R-1

R-1

R-2

R-1

AD-2

R-1

R-3

R-1

R-1

R-1

EA-12

R-1

R-1

R-2

AD-11

R-2

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

EA-11

EA-12

R-1

R-2

M-S1

CB-1

R-1

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-2

R-1

R-1

M-S1

R-1

EA-12

AD-14

R-1

R-2

R-1

R-3

R-2

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-4

R-1

R-1

R-3

R-3

R-3

R-2

R-2

R-4

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-3

R-2

S-33

R-1

R-1

R-3

R-2

R-3R-1

R-2

EA-22

M-S1

R-3

R-2

R-2

R-2

M-S1

R-1

R-2

R-2

R-1

R-2

R-1

EA-11

R-1

R-2

R-1

R-1

EA-11

UA

R-4

R-1R-1

R-1UA

R-2

R-1

R-1

EA-12

R-3

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-2

R-1

T-13

S-52

R-2

R-1

R-2

R-1

M-S1

EA-11

R-2

S-12

R-1

R-1

M-S1

R-1

R-4

R-1

M-S1

R-2

R-1

R-2

R-1

EA-12

S-4

R-2

R-2

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-1

EA-11

R-1

R-1

R-2

R-3

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

EA-14

AD-2

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-3

R-1

EA-12

R-3

R-2

EA-14

R-2

M-S1

R-1

R-2

EA-12

R-2

M-S1

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-3

R-2

CB-1

R-3

R-1

R-3

R-1

R-1

CB-1

R-2

EA-11

S-14

R-1

M-S1

R-1

R-1

R-2

M-S1

R-1

EA-11

S-53

R-3

R-2

R-2

R-2

R-2

R-3

M-S1

R-3

S-14

R-1

R-1

R-3

R-3

R-3

R-1

R-1

R-1R-3

R-2

R-1

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-2

M-S1

R-3

R-3

R-1

R-2

R-4

R-1

R-2

S-14

R-1

EA-22S-12

M-S1

R-3

R-3

R-1

R-1

R-3

EA-14

R-1

R-1

R-3

R-1

R-3

R-3

R-1

R-1

R-2

M-S1

R-2

R-2

R-1

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-2

EA-12

M-S1

R-1

R-2

M-S1

R-1

R-2

R-1

R-3

R-1

M-S1

R-1

S-53

R-3

R-3

R-1

R-1

R-2

S-11

R-1

R-2

M-S1

T-11

R-2

R-2

R-2

R-3

R-2

R-1

EA-11

R-3

R-1

R-1

EA-12

R-1

EA-11

R-1

R-3

EA-11

R-3

CB-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-3

S-14

R-3

R-2

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-3

R-1

R-1

S-53

R-3

R-1

R-2

R-1

M-S1

R-2

R-1

S-22

M-S1

R-2

R-3

EA-21

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-3

R-2

R-3

R-2

R-1

UA

M-S1

R-1

R-1

R-3

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-2

S-14

S-53

R-1

R-1

R-2

R-1

R-1

S-14

R-1

R-2

EA-12R-2

R-1R-3

UA

R-2

S-53

R-1

R-2

R-3

R-2

EA-21

R-1

R-3

R-2

R-1

R-2

EA-12

R-2

R-1

M-S1

R-2

R-1

R-3

R-1

R-1

T-17

R-1

R-2

R-1

S-14

R-1

EA-11

UA

R-1

R-1

EA-15

S-12

R-2

R-1

S-55

S-53

R-1

R-2

R-1

EA-12

R-1

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-1

S-53R-3

S-53

EA-11

R-3

R-1

R-1

EA-12

M-S1

CB-1

EA-12

AD-14

R-3

S-55

R-1

R-3 S-23

R-1

M-S1

AD-2

M-S1

R-1

R-3

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-2

R-2

EA-14

EA-12

UA

R-1

M-S1

R-1

R-2R-1

R-1

EA-11

R-1

R-2

R-2

M-S1

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-2

R-3

M-S1

R-1

EA-11

R-1

EA-12

R-2

R-2

R-2

R-1

CB-1 R-2

CB-1

R-1

R-1

S-33

S-53

S-12

M-S1

R-3

R-2

R-3

R-2

R-3

S-4

SP-4

M-S1

CB-23

R-4

R-2

R-2R-2

R-1

S-11

R-3

R-1

R-1

R-3

UA

S-53

R-1

R-2

EA-11

R-3

R-3

M-S1

R-1

R-1

R-3

R-2

R-1

S-14

M-S1

M-S1

R-1

R-1

R-2

R-1

SP-1

R-1

T-11

R-3

R-1

R-3

R-2

R-2

EA-12

R-1

AD-2

R-2

R-2 R-2

R-1

M-S1

M-S1

S-53

R-3

R-3

R-2

R-4

M-S1

R-2

R-3

R-1

M-S1

R-1

R-2

R-3

M-S1

R-1

R-3

R-2

R-2

R-2

R-3

R-1

R-1

R-2

R-3

R-1

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-1

AD-14

R-3

R-3

M-S1

R-3

R-3

R-3

CB-1

R-2

R-1

AD-14

S-13

R-3

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-3

EA-15

R-3

R-1

R-3

EA-14

SP-5

R-2

EA-12

M-S1

EA-11

R-3

R-3

R-3

R-1

EA-15

CB-1

S-22

EA-15

R-1

R-2

R-2

M-S1

R-1

S-22

R-1

R-1

S-33

CB-1

R-1

S-54

R-3

R-1

R-3

M-S1

R-1

M-S1

R-1

EA-14

R-1

R-2

R-2

R-1

S-11

R-3

EA-15

EA-12

R-1

R-1

EA-12

R-2

S-53

CB-1

R-1

EA-12

R-1

M-S1

S-53

R-1

R-2

R-3

S-14

R-2

R-1EA-12

R-4

S-22

CB-1

T-17

R-1

EA-12

R-1

S-33

EA-11

CB-1

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-2

R-2

EA-12

R-3

R-3

R-3

R-1

AD-2

R-3

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-3

R-1

R-1

R-2

EA-11

R-1

CB-1S-32

R-3

R-3

R-2

R-3

R-1

T-13

R-2

R-2

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-2

R-1

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-2

R-1EA-14

T-11

AD-14

R-3

R-3

CB-1CB-1

CB-1

M-S1

R-3

R-1

R-2

R-3

R-1

R-2

S-33

R-2

EA-11

AD-2R-1

R-2

R-2

R-3

S-11

R-2

R-2

CB-1

R-3

S-14

EA-12

UA

S-13

EA-15

CB-1

R-1

R-1

S-15

S-53

R-1

R-1

M-S1

R-2

R-3

EA-16

S-53

R-4

S-11

R-1

R-1

R-3

R-1

R-1

CB-1

R-3

R-2

R-2

R-1

R-2

R-1

EA-15

R-3

R-1

R-1

R-3

S-55

S-53

R-1

S-53

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-3

EA-15

S-11

R-3

R-1

R-1

S-11

EA-16

R-1

SP-5

EA-15

R-1

EA-16

S-11

R-1

IS-02

R-1EA-12

CB-1

R-1

R-3

S-11

R-1

S-13

R-2

R-3

T-11

R-3

R-3

R-3

S-53

R-1

R-3

R-1

R-3

EA-14

R-2

R-3

R-1

S-11

S-55

SP-5

R-1

EA-16

R-2

S-11

R-3

R-1

R-1

R-3

R-1

R-1

R-1

CB-1

T-13

R-1

S-33

R-2

SP-5

R-1

R-3

CB-1

S-53

R-3

R-3

R-1

S-35

R-1

T-11

R-3

R-3

AD-2EA-15

CB-1

CB-1

AD-14

S-14

EA-22

AD-14

R-2

S-53

R-2

UA

S-11

S-4

M-S1

R-3

R-3

EA-15

EA-15

R-3

S-54

EA-11

S-53

S-53

AD-14

UA

SP-2

R-4

R-1

S-22

R-1

S-13

R-3

CB-1

R-1

R-1

R-2

R-3

M-S1

R-2

R-3

CB-1

R-1

R-3

R-3

EA-16

S-11

R-1

S-11

AD-14

R-3

S-4

R-1

R-1

R-3

AD-2

T-11

S-11

EA-15

CB-23

R-3

S-55

S-13

CB-1

S-14

S-53

AD-2

R-2

AD-2

CB-22

CB-1

R-2

S-11

S-11

R-3

R-3

S-22

S-11

SP-5

S-11

S-11

S-33

S-54

S-52

R-3

S-23

S-35

R-3

R-1AD-14

R-1

R-3

T-11

AD-2

S-11

Tafo Sq.

Ayat Sq.

Adwa Sq.

Karl Sq.

Lebu Sq.

Alert Sq.

Kality Sq.

Mikael Sq.

Kotari Sq.

Meskel Sq.

Winget Sq.

German Sq.Kadisco Sq.

Andinet Sq.

Liepzig Sq.

Menilik Sq.

18 Mazoriya

Pushkin Sq.

Olompiya Sq.

Diaspora Sq.

Tewodros Sq.

Yerer ber Sq.

Miazia 27 Sq.

Saris Abo Sq.

Bob Marley Sq.

Yekatit 12 Sq.

Bole Mikael Sq.

Torehayloch Sq.

Abo Mazoriya Sq.

China-Africa Sq.

Abune Peteros Sq.

Sahlitemihiret Sq.

Charles Degaulle Sq.

Maychew (Mexico) Sq.

Bher-Bhereseboch Sq.

Sost Kutir Mazoriya Sq.

Tulu Dimtu toll station Sq.

Kore

Batu

Jemo

Tero

Repi

Koye

Kera

Yeka

Asko

Bela

Idora

Aware

Urael

Gelan

Kolfe

Betel

Dertu

Akaki

LaftoSaris

Gerji

Mikael

Sefera

Rufael

Paulos

Kality

Beleir

Kirkos

Winget

Lideta

Kotari

Sereti

Wedeso

Kotebe

Sarbet

Abinet

Signal

Entoto

Kebena

Gotera

Bambis

Endorro

Weybila

Vatican

Kelinto

Augusta

Phlipos

Sansusi

Legehar

Keranyo

Merkato

Shegole

Kechene

Fit Ber

Janmeda

Weregenu

Filidoro Likuanda

Pasteaur

Yohannes

Ankorcha

Menaheria

Yerer Ber

Mola Maru

Posta Bet

SebategnaBalederas

Bulgariya

Saris Abo

Meri-Loke

Sengatera

Abo Sefer

Jemo Mnt.

Lebu Mnt.

Ferensay

Anfo Meda

Kara Kore

Alem Bank

Yeka Bole

Yeka Tafo

Mekannisa

Amestegna

Mesalemia

Churchill

Arat Kilo

Kazanchis

Geda Wacha

Dama Hotel

Aroge Kera

Beqelo Bet

Weha Limat

Mikililand

Geja Sefer

Dertu Mnt.

Atana Tera

Yeka Abado

Tulu Dimtu

Yerer Goro

Gurd Shola

Wolete Suk

Bole Lemmi

Gofa Sefer

Wolo Sefer

Amist Kilo

Nifas Silk

Jemo Mikael

Bole Mikael

Wube Bereha

Worku Sefer

Hana Mariam

Bole Arabsa

Alula Chaka

Weyra Sefer

Tor Hayloch

Sidist Kilo

Bole Airport

Ehil Berenda

Shola Gabeya

Tolosa Sefer

Yeka Michael

Salo Georgis

Fetno Derash

Old Air Port

Temenja Yazh

Bole Bulbula

Gojam Berenda

Addisu Mikael

Coca Mazoriya

Medehaniyalem

Addisu Gebeya

Sahlitemehert

Gemechu Sefer

Bole Weregenu

Meskel flowerTabot Maderiya

Asko Liz Sefer

Entoto Mariyam

Takelahayemanot

Mariyam Mazoriya

Biserate Gebriel

Gojam Ber Fitesha

Gojam Ber/Dil Ber

Bole Medehaniyalem

Hana Mariyam Dildiy

Kality Bus Terminal

Qusqam Mareyam Sefer

Shegole Anbesa Garage

Gurara St.Kidane Mihiret

Ayer Tena Kidane Miheret

Gulele Botanical Garden

Tulu Dimtu toll road entrance

460000m.E

460000m.E

470

470

480

480

490

490

500

500

510

510

520000m.E

520000m.E

9 800

00m

. N

9 800

00m

. N

990 990

1000

000m

. N

1000

000m

. N

0 5 10 15 202.5

Kilometers

®

��

STRUCTURE PLAN OF ADDIS ABABA

��

LAND USE

R-2

R-1

R-3

CB-1

CB-2

CB-21

CB-23

CB-22

AD-11

AD-2

AD-12

AD-13

AD-14

AD-1

S1

S-11

S-12

S-13S-14S-15S2

S-21

S-22

S-23S3

S-31

S-32

S-33

S-35

S-4

S-34

S-51

S-52

S-54

S-55

T-1

T -11

T-2

T-21

SN

EA-1

EA-11

EA-12

EA-13

EA-14

EA-16

EA-15

EA-17

EA-2

EA-21

EA-22

EA-31

EA-3

EA-32

EA-33A

R-4

UA

M-S1

M-S2

M-S3

SP-1

SP-2

SP-4

HB-1

SP-3

SP-5

PA

HB-2

IS-01

IS-02

IS-04

IS-03

IS-05

��

� 2000 �.�. ��

��

��-��

��

��

��-��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

(��

�)

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��-��

��

��

��

��/��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

�� -��

��

��

��

��

��-��

��

��

��

�� (�� )

��

� ��

��

��

��

��

��

(S-5

)��

��

��

��

� ��

� ��

��

��

� ��

�

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��-��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��-��

��

�� 200� �� 50� ��

�� 5% ��

�15-30% �� (�� …) � 30% ��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

�� 100 �.�. �� (2� x 2� �� )

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

� 500 �.�. ��

�� 500�.�. ��

�� 100 �.�. �� (2� x 2� �� )

��-��

��

��

��

��

�� /��

��

�� 2000�.�. ��

��

��

��

��

�� -��

�� 100 �.�. �� (2� x 2� �� )

�� 100 �.�. �� (2� x 2� �� )

��

��

�� /�� /��

�� / ��

��

��

�� 100 �.�. �� (2� x 2� �� )

��

��

��

� ��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

�� -��

�� (�� ...��)

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

�� 20% ��

��

�� 150�. ��

��

��

��-��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

Coordinate System: Adindan UTM Zone 37NProjection: Transverse Mercator

Datum: Adindanfalse easting: 500,000.0000

false northing: 0.0000central meridian: 39.0000

scale factor: 0.9996latitude of origin: 0.0000

Units: Meter

City administrative boundary

Maj

or

Land

use

CodeSub

Category Prohibited Use Basic/ Mandatory RegulationColor

At least 60% of the permitted building function should be residence (60% ofthe FAR excluding parking space)

LEGEND

Manufacturing and Storage with plot area more than 2000 m2

R-2

Corporate Headquarters (for own use only) are not obliged to mix residence

Stadium, Prison,Military establishment

Low Density Mixed Residence

Mix

ed R

esid

ence

(R)

Medium Density Mixed Residence

R-1


Treatment plant & Landfill site

Stadium,Prison, Military establishment


Social service,worshiping place,manufacturing and storage <500 m2, administration, car parking building,public park, hotel are not obliged to mix residence

High Density Mixed Residence

R-3

All Manufacturing and Storage


Cemetery

Slaughterhouse

Quarry

Stadium,Prison,Military establishment

At least 40% of the permitted building function should be residence (40% of the FAR excluding parking space)

Social service,worshiping place,administration,car parking building,public park, hotel are not obliged to mix residence

One tree (2mx 2m) every 100 m2 plot area

Com

mer

ce (C

)


Mixed Commerce CB-1


Cemetery

Slaughterhouse

Quarry

Market Place

Higher Level Market

Medium Level Market

Small Market

Government Organization One tree (2mx 2m) every 100 m2

plot area

At least 30% of the permitted building function should be residence (30 % of the FAR excluding parking space)

Social service,worshiping place,administration,car parking building,public park, hotel are not obliged to incorporate residence


Soci

al S

ervi

ce (S

)

CB-2

More than three fourth of car parking space should be underground

CB-21

CB-23

CB-22

AD-11

AD-2

All except functions defined within the same sub-category

AD-12

AD-13

AD-14

AD-1


Secondary school includes secondary and preparatory levels


Social Care Center

Sport center

Woreda SportField

Sub city-Level Stadium

City-Level Stadium

Sport FacilityNational Stadium

Education

Special needs school

Secondary school

TVET

University/CollegeResearch Center

Health

Health Center

Hospital

Specialized Hospital

S-1

S-11

S-12

S-13

S-14

S-15S-2

S-21

S-22

S-23

S-3

S-31

S-32

S-33

S-35

S-4

S-34

Mun

icip

al S

ervi

ces

(S-5

)

Fire and Emergency Service

Festival Site and Plaza

Green Cemetery

Culture and Civic Center

S-51

Slaughterhouse S-52

S-53

S-54

S-55



Building construction for cemeteries and festival sites

Public toilets

LEGEND

Tran

spor

t Ser

vice

(T)

Bus ,LRT ,Rail and AIR

Intra-city terminal

Freight Terminal

Inter-city Terminal

Airport

Surface parking

Terminal Public toilets

Parking Building

Parking

Car parking space (parking buildingor surface parking)

All functions except defined by transport, street and related infrastructure installations

T-1

T -11

T-12

Central Station- transport hub

T-2

T-21

T-22

Bus depot

Maj

or

Land

use

CodeSub Category Prohibited Use Basic/ Mandatory RegulationColor

Stre

et N

etw

ork

(SN

)

Electric powerstation

Street vending on Arterial Street

LRT power station

High tension electric line buffer

Telecom station

Water reservoir

EA-1Green Infrastructure

EA-11Multi Functional Forest

River Buffer

Regional Park

Sub-City level Park

Woreda-level park

Special park

Waste Management

Solid waste management and treatment site

Liquid waste management and treatment station plant

EA-12

EA-13

City Level Park EA-14

EA-16

EA-15

EA-17

EA-2

EA-21

EA-22

EA-31

All landuses except walkways,bikeways, flood control structure

Agro forestry on 15-30% slope, conservation forestry on > 30% slope

All landuses except access streets, inspection posts and soil conservation structure

Conservation forestry on > 30% slope, agroforestry on 15-30% slope and park development on flat slope.

All landuses except conservation forestry and infrastructure that suit eco-tourism function

All landuse except access street and other light structure

The maximum allowable physical structure footprint is 5% of the total area.

Maintain a minimum green buffer of 50m around transfer stations and 200m around sanitary landfill sites

Artificial Lake

EA-3

Ground WaterProtection Zone EA-32

Quarry site

EA-33A


Flood Protection Pond

Relocation site R-4 All except housing for relocateesfrom environment land use

Infr

astr

uctu

re S

ervi

ce (I

S)En

viro

nmen

t Pro

tect

ion

(EA

)M

anuf

actu

ring

and

Sto

rage

(M

S)

Urba

n Ag

rricu

lture

(UA) UA

Vegetables, fruits, commercial Forest Farming, poultry, cattle fattening and Diary, etc.

Urban Agriculture

Manufacturing and storage M-S1

A maximum of 20% of total area could be used for residences, office and business,green spaces and playgrounds for direct use bythe designated function

Fuel depot M-S2

M-S3Granary


Spec

ial P

roje

ct (S

P)

High - end Hotel( 5 star) SP-1

International level hospital SP-2Special Recreational Facilities ( Golf Course,Horse Riding Field,etc.)

SP-4Shopping Mall

Recreational watchtower

HB-1

SP-3


His

toric

al C

onst

ruct

ion

and

Site

(HB

)

Historical Site

SP-5

Historical Structure

PA

Additions, modification /alteration, demolishing and replacement only as per the specifications by the Authorized Institution

Aviation Zone

Prot

ecte

d A

rea

(PA

)

HB-2Smoke emitting and bird attracting landuse

High elevation building beyond the allowable height (See Building Height Proposal)

All except functions defined within the same sub- category

IS-01

IS-02

IS-04

IS-03

IS-05

Hot Spring area

All urban functions except street and related infrastructureinstallations


Stadium, Prison, Military establishment

Adm

inis

trat

ive

Ser

vice

(A

D)

The potential quarry must be exploited before the land is allocated,developed or reclaimed

All landuse except forestry, siliviculture,controlled agriculture

Provide a minimum buffer distance of 150m around the shoreline

Sub-City Adminstration

City Adminstration

Woreda administration

Other GovernmentalInstitutions

Inter-Governmental Organization

Main City Center MCC boundary wide

Cemetery

Quaries are prohibited on landslide and erosion-proneareas


Secondary center Boundary

Tertiary center boundary

Woreda center boundary

Special center boundary

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

�� 100� �� 50� ��

�� /��

��

�� /��

�� 100 �.�. �� (2� x 2� �� )

�� /��

��

�� 100 �.�. �� (2� x 2� �� )

�� -��

��

� 30% �� 15-30% ��

��

��

Social service,worshiping place,manufacturing and storage <2000 m2,administration,car parking building,public park,hotel are not obliged to mix residence


Slaughterhouse

Quarry

Cemetery

Slaughterhouse

Quarry





Public toilets

Playground/multi-purpose sport field for all education facilities

Public toilets for all sport facilities

Car parking space

Street vending is allowed on Collector Street or lower street hierarchy

Any Obstacle on pedestrian lines

On street parking only on Arterial and sub- Arterial streets within the Ring Road

Maintain minimum green buffer of 100m around central waste water treatment plant and 50m around decentralized facilities and transfer stations

Quarry and water body

�� : �� UTM �� 37 �� : ��

�� : ��

�� : 0.0000�� : 500,000.0000

�� : 39.0000�� : 0.9996

�� : 0.0000�� : ��

SP-5

s

Plot assigned for Parking Building should provide a space for a minimumof 250 cars

��

S-53

40%

30%

SN

EA-33B

EA-33C

EA-33B

EA-33C

��

60%

�� 60%

T-22

�� ( 5 ��)s

Market places are not obliged to mixresidence

��

SN

T-11

EA-13

EA-11

EA-13

EA-11

SP-3

EA-11

EA-17

UA

EA-11

EA-17

EA-13

R-1

EA-11

M-S1

UA

M-S1

EA-12

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

EA-11

R-1

UA

EA-14

R-1

EA-11

EA-14

UA

EA-17

M-S1

EA-14

EA-12

R-1

R-1

R-1

EA-12

R-1

R-1

R-1

EA-14EA-11

EA-33A

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

UA

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

EA-11

R-1

M-S1

EA-12

EA-14

M-S1

R-1

R-1

M-S1

R-1

EA-12

EA-11

R-1

R-1

EA-33A

R-1

S-14

R-1

R-1

M-S1

R-1

M-S1

R-1

R-1

R-1

EA-12

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

UA

R-1

R-1

R-2

R-1

R-1R-1R-1

R-1

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

EA-22

EA-11

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

EA-22

M-S1

UA

R-1

R-1

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-2

S-14

R-1

S-31

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-2

EA-11

AD-14

EA-11

R-1

R-1

R-2

EA-12

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-2

R-1

S-14

R-1

EA-17

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

M-S1

R-1

R-1

EA-14

EA-11

R-1

R-1

EA-11

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

M-S1

R-1

EA-22

R-1

R-1

AD-14

EA-11

R-1

R-1

R-1

SP-4

R-1

EA-12

R-2

R-1

M-S1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

M-S1

R-1

R-3

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-3

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

M-S1

R-1

R-1

EA-12

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-2

R-1

EA-11

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-2

R-1

R-1

EA-33C

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-2

R-2

R-2

EA-12

EA-11

M-S1

R-1

R-1

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-2

R-1

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-3

R-1

R-1

R-2

R-1

R-2

EA-12

EA-12

R-1

R-2

R-1

R-1

M-S1

EA-22

R-1

R-3

R-1

R-1

R-2

T-13

R-3

R-1

R-1

R-1

EA-14

R-1

R-1

R-1

SP-1

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-2

R-1

EA-12

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-3

R-2

R-1

EA-11

EA-11

R-1

R-3

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

M-S1

EA-11

T-13

M-S1

R-1

R-1

EA-11

R-1

R-1

R-2

R-1

S-55

R-2

R-1

R-1

EA-14

R-1

R-1

R-1

AD-2

R-1

R-1

M-S1

R-1

M-S1

R-2

M-S1

R-1

R-2

EA-12

R-1

EA-11

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

S-23

R-1

EA-11

R-1

R-2

EA-11

R-1

R-1

R-1

EA-12

R-2

R-2

R-3

R-1

R-2

EA-12

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

S-15

R-4

R-1

R-1

R-1

EA-11

EA-11

R-1

AD-14

R-1

SN

R-1

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-3

M-S1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-2

M-S1

R-1R-1

R-1

R-2

R-1

R-3

R-2

R-1

R-1

EA-12

R-1

R-2

S-53

R-1

R-2

IS-05

R-2

AD-14

R-2

R-1

EA-12

R-2

R-1

R-2

R-1

EA-17

R-1

R-1

M-S1

R-2

R-2

R-2

R-1

R-1

M-S1

R-1

EA-33C

R-3

S-13

R-2

R-2

EA-12

R-1

R-2

S-53

R-1

S-54

R-1

R-1

UA

R-1

R-1

R-2

R-3

R-3

R-1

EA-11

R-2

R-3

EA-12

R-1

R-1

R-3

R-2

R-2

EA-14

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

IS-05

R-4

S-14

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

M-S1

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-2

R-3

R-1

R-1

M-S1

R-1

R-1

EA-12

M-S1

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-1

EA-12

R-3

R-1

R-2

R-3

R-1

R-2

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-2

M-S1

AD-2

M-S1

R-1

UA

R-1

R-1

M-S1M-S1

R-1

R-1

R-2

R-1

AD-2

R-1

R-3

R-1

R-1

R-1

EA-12

R-1

R-1

R-2

AD-11

R-2

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

EA-11

EA-12

R-1

R-2

M-S1

CB-1

R-1

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-2

R-1

R-1

M-S1

R-1

EA-12

AD-14

R-1

R-2

R-1

R-3

R-2

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-4

R-1

R-1

R-3

R-3

R-3

R-2

R-2

R-4

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-3

R-2

S-33

R-1

R-1

R-3

R-2

R-3R-1

R-2

EA-22

M-S1

R-3

R-2

R-2

R-2

M-S1

R-1

R-2

R-2

R-1

R-2

R-1

EA-11

R-1

R-2

R-1

R-1

EA-11

UA

R-4

R-1R-1

R-1UA

R-2

R-1

R-1

EA-12

R-3

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-2

R-1

T-13

S-52

R-2

R-1

R-2

R-1

M-S1

EA-11

R-2

S-12

R-1

R-1

M-S1

R-1

R-4

R-1

M-S1

R-2

R-1

R-2

R-1

EA-12

S-4

R-2

R-2

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-1

EA-11

R-1

R-1

R-2

R-3

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

EA-14

AD-2

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-3

R-1

EA-12

R-3

R-2

EA-14

R-2

M-S1

R-1

R-2

EA-12

R-2

M-S1

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-3

R-2

CB-1

R-3

R-1

R-3

R-1

R-1

CB-1

R-2

EA-11

S-14

R-1

M-S1

R-1

R-1

R-2

M-S1

R-1

EA-11

S-53

R-3

R-2

R-2

R-2

R-2

R-3

M-S1

R-3

S-14

R-1

R-1

R-3

R-3

R-3

R-1

R-1

R-1R-3

R-2

R-1

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-2

M-S1

R-3

R-3

R-1

R-2

R-4

R-1

R-2

S-14

R-1

EA-22S-12

M-S1

R-3

R-3

R-1

R-1

R-3

EA-14

R-1

R-1

R-3

R-1

R-3

R-3

R-1

R-1

R-2

M-S1

R-2

R-2

R-1

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-2

EA-12

M-S1

R-1

R-2

M-S1

R-1

R-2

R-1

R-3

R-1

M-S1

R-1

S-53

R-3

R-3

R-1

R-1

R-2

S-11

R-1

R-2

M-S1

T-11

R-2

R-2

R-2

R-3

R-2

R-1

EA-11

R-3

R-1

R-1

EA-12

R-1

EA-11

R-1

R-3

EA-11

R-3

CB-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-3

S-14

R-3

R-2

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-3

R-1

R-1

S-53

R-3

R-1

R-2

R-1

M-S1

R-2

R-1

S-22

M-S1

R-2

R-3

EA-21

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-3

R-2

R-3

R-2

R-1

UA

M-S1

R-1

R-1

R-3

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-2

S-14

S-53

R-1

R-1

R-2

R-1

R-1

S-14

R-1

R-2

EA-12R-2

R-1R-3

UA

R-2

S-53

R-1

R-2

R-3

R-2

EA-21

R-1

R-3

R-2

R-1

R-2

EA-12

R-2

R-1

M-S1

R-2

R-1

R-3

R-1

R-1

T-17

R-1

R-2

R-1

S-14

R-1

EA-11

UA

R-1

R-1

EA-15

S-12

R-2

R-1

S-55

S-53

R-1

R-2

R-1

EA-12

R-1

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-1

S-53R-3

S-53

EA-11

R-3

R-1

R-1

EA-12

M-S1

CB-1

EA-12

AD-14

R-3

S-55

R-1

R-3 S-23

R-1

M-S1

AD-2

M-S1

R-1

R-3

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-2

R-2

EA-14

EA-12

UA

R-1

M-S1

R-1

R-2R-1

R-1

EA-11

R-1

R-2

R-2

M-S1

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-2

R-3

M-S1

R-1

EA-11

R-1

EA-12

R-2

R-2

R-2

R-1

CB-1 R-2

CB-1

R-1

R-1

S-33

S-53

S-12

M-S1

R-3

R-2

R-3

R-2

R-3

S-4

SP-4

M-S1

CB-23

R-4

R-2

R-2R-2

R-1

S-11

R-3

R-1

R-1

R-3

UA

S-53

R-1

R-2

EA-11

R-3

R-3

M-S1

R-1

R-1

R-3

R-2

R-1

S-14

M-S1

M-S1

R-1

R-1

R-2

R-1

SP-1

R-1

T-11

R-3

R-1

R-3

R-2

R-2

EA-12

R-1

AD-2

R-2

R-2 R-2

R-1

M-S1

M-S1

S-53

R-3

R-3

R-2

R-4

M-S1

R-2

R-3

R-1

M-S1

R-1

R-2

R-3

M-S1

R-1

R-3

R-2

R-2

R-2

R-3

R-1

R-1

R-2

R-3

R-1

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-1

AD-14

R-3

R-3

M-S1

R-3

R-3

R-3

CB-1

R-2

R-1

AD-14

S-13

R-3

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-3

EA-15

R-3

R-1

R-3

EA-14

SP-5

R-2

EA-12

M-S1

EA-11

R-3

R-3

R-3

R-1

EA-15

CB-1

S-22

EA-15

R-1

R-2

R-2

M-S1

R-1

S-22

R-1

R-1

S-33

CB-1

R-1

S-54

R-3

R-1

R-3

M-S1

R-1

M-S1

R-1

EA-14

R-1

R-2

R-2

R-1

S-11

R-3

EA-15

EA-12

R-1

R-1

EA-12

R-2

S-53

CB-1

R-1

EA-12

R-1

M-S1

S-53

R-1

R-2

R-3

S-14

R-2

R-1EA-12

R-4

S-22

CB-1

T-17

R-1

EA-12

R-1

S-33

EA-11

CB-1

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-2

R-2

EA-12

R-3

R-3

R-3

R-1

AD-2

R-3

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-3

R-1

R-1

R-2

EA-11

R-1

CB-1S-32

R-3

R-3

R-2

R-3

R-1

T-13

R-2

R-2

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-2

R-1

R-2

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-2

R-1EA-14

T-11

AD-14

R-3

R-3

CB-1CB-1

CB-1

M-S1

R-3

R-1

R-2

R-3

R-1

R-2

S-33

R-2

EA-11

AD-2R-1

R-2

R-2

R-3

S-11

R-2

R-2

CB-1

R-3

S-14

EA-12

UA

S-13

EA-15

CB-1

R-1

R-1

S-15

S-53

R-1

R-1

M-S1

R-2

R-3

EA-16

S-53

R-4

S-11

R-1

R-1

R-3

R-1

R-1

CB-1

R-3

R-2

R-2

R-1

R-2

R-1

EA-15

R-3

R-1

R-1

R-3

S-55

S-53

R-1

S-53

R-1

R-1

R-1

R-3

EA-15

S-11

R-3

R-1

R-1

S-11

EA-16

R-1

SP-5

EA-15

R-1

EA-16

S-11

R-1

IS-02

R-1EA-12

CB-1

R-1

R-3

S-11

R-1

S-13

R-2

R-3

T-11

R-3

R-3

R-3

S-53

R-1

R-3

R-1

R-3

EA-14

R-2

R-3

R-1

S-11

S-55

SP-5

R-1

EA-16

R-2

S-11

R-3

R-1

R-1

R-3

R-1

R-1

R-1

CB-1

T-13

R-1

S-33

R-2

SP-5

R-1

R-3

CB-1

S-53

R-3

R-3

R-1

S-35

R-1

T-11

R-3

R-3

AD-2EA-15

CB-1

CB-1

AD-14

S-14

EA-22

AD-14

R-2

S-53

R-2

UA

S-11

S-4

M-S1

R-3

R-3

EA-15

EA-15

R-3

S-54

EA-11

S-53

S-53

AD-14

UA

SP-2

R-4

R-1

S-22

R-1

S-13

R-3

CB-1

R-1

R-1

R-2

R-3

M-S1

R-2

R-3

CB-1

R-1

R-3

R-3

EA-16

S-11

R-1

S-11

AD-14

R-3

S-4

R-1

R-1

R-3

AD-2

T-11

S-11

EA-15

CB-23

R-3

S-55

S-13

CB-1

S-14

S-53

AD-2

R-2

AD-2

CB-22

CB-1

R-2

S-11

S-11

R-3

R-3

S-22

S-11

SP-5

S-11

S-11

S-33

S-54

S-52

R-3

S-23

S-35

R-3

R-1AD-14

R-1

R-3

T-11

AD-2

S-11

Tafo Sq.

Ayat Sq.

Adwa Sq.

Karl Sq.

Lebu Sq.

Alert Sq.

Kality Sq.

Mikael Sq.

Kotari Sq.

Meskel Sq.

Winget Sq.

German Sq.Kadisco Sq.

Andinet Sq.

Liepzig Sq.

Menilik Sq.

18 Mazoriya

Pushkin Sq.

Olompiya Sq.

Diaspora Sq.

Tewodros Sq.

Yerer ber Sq.

Miazia 27 Sq.

Saris Abo Sq.

Bob Marley Sq.

Yekatit 12 Sq.

Bole Mikael Sq.

Torehayloch Sq.

Abo Mazoriya Sq.

China-Africa Sq.

Abune Peteros Sq.

Sahlitemihiret Sq.

Charles Degaulle Sq.

Maychew (Mexico) Sq.

Bher-Bhereseboch Sq.

Sost Kutir Mazoriya Sq.

Tulu Dimtu toll station Sq.

Kore

Batu

Jemo

Tero

Repi

Koye

Kera

Yeka

Asko

Bela

Idora

Aware

Urael

Gelan

Kolfe

Betel

Dertu

Akaki

LaftoSaris

Gerji

Mikael

Sefera

Rufael

Paulos

Kality

Beleir

Kirkos

Winget

Lideta

Kotari

Sereti

Wedeso

Kotebe

Sarbet

Abinet

Signal

Entoto

Kebena

Gotera

Bambis

Endorro

Weybila

Vatican

Kelinto

Augusta

Phlipos

Sansusi

Legehar

Keranyo

Merkato

Shegole

Kechene

Fit Ber

Janmeda

Weregenu

Filidoro Likuanda

Pasteaur

Yohannes

Ankorcha

Menaheria

Yerer Ber

Mola Maru

Posta Bet

SebategnaBalederas

Bulgariya

Saris Abo

Meri-Loke

Sengatera

Abo Sefer

Jemo Mnt.

Lebu Mnt.

Ferensay

Anfo Meda

Kara Kore

Alem Bank

Yeka Bole

Yeka Tafo

Mekannisa

Amestegna

Mesalemia

Churchill

Arat Kilo

Kazanchis

Geda Wacha

Dama Hotel

Aroge Kera

Beqelo Bet

Weha Limat

Mikililand

Geja Sefer

Dertu Mnt.

Atana Tera

Yeka Abado

Tulu Dimtu

Yerer Goro

Gurd Shola

Wolete Suk

Bole Lemmi

Gofa Sefer

Wolo Sefer

Amist Kilo

Nifas Silk

Jemo Mikael

Bole Mikael

Wube Bereha

Worku Sefer

Hana Mariam

Bole Arabsa

Alula Chaka

Weyra Sefer

Tor Hayloch

Sidist Kilo

Bole Airport

Ehil Berenda

Shola Gabeya

Tolosa Sefer

Yeka Michael

Salo Georgis

Fetno Derash

Old Air Port

Temenja Yazh

Bole Bulbula

Gojam Berenda

Addisu Mikael

Coca Mazoriya

Medehaniyalem

Addisu Gebeya

Sahlitemehert

Gemechu Sefer

Bole Weregenu

Meskel flowerTabot Maderiya

Asko Liz Sefer

Entoto Mariyam

Takelahayemanot

Mariyam Mazoriya

Biserate Gebriel

Gojam Ber Fitesha

Gojam Ber/Dil Ber

Bole Medehaniyalem

Hana Mariyam Dildiy

Kality Bus Terminal

Qusqam Mareyam Sefer

Shegole Anbesa Garage

Gurara St.Kidane Mihiret

Ayer Tena Kidane Miheret

Gulele Botanical Garden

Tulu Dimtu toll road entrance

460000m.E

460000m.E

470

470

480

480

490

490

500

500

510

510

520000m.E

520000m.E

9 800

00m

. N

9 800

00m

. N

990 990

1000

000m

. N

1000

000m

. N

Addis Ababa City Planning Project OfficeJuly 12, 2017

0 5 10 15 202.5

Kilometers

®

��

STRUCTURE PLAN OF ADDIS ABABA

�� /� �� 5�2009 � .� .

��

LAND USE

R-2

R-1

R-3

CB-1

CB-2

CB-21

CB-23

CB-22

AD-11

AD-2

AD-12

AD-13

AD-14

AD-1

S1

S-11

S-12

S-13S-14S-15S2

S-21

S-22

S-23S3

S-31

S-32

S-33

S-35

S-4

S-34

S-51

S-52

S-54

S-55

T-1

T -11

T-2

T-21

SN

EA-1

EA-11

EA-12

EA-13

EA-14

EA-16

EA-15

EA-17

EA-2

EA-21

EA-22

EA-31

EA-3

EA-32

EA-33A

R-4

UA

M-S1

M-S2

M-S3

SP-1

SP-2

SP-4

HB-1

SP-3

SP-5

PA

HB-2

IS-01

IS-02

IS-04

IS-03

IS-05

� ��

� 2000 � .� . ��

��

� ��-� � � �

��

� ��

� ��-� � � �

��

� ��

��

��

� ��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

(��

)

��

��

��

��

�

��

��

� ��

��

� � � ��

�� -� ��

� ��

��

��

�� /��

��

� �

� � � � �

��

� ��

� ��

��

��

��

��

�� -� � � �

��

��

��

��

�� -��

��

� ��

��

�� (�� )

��

� ��

��

��

� ��

� (

S-5)

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��-� � ��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��-� ��

��

� �� 200� �� 50� ��

� �� 5% � ��

�15-30% �� (� �� …) � 30% ��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

�� 100 � .�. �� (2� x 2� �� )

��

��

� ��

��

��

� � � � ��

��

��

��

��

��

� ��

��

� ��

��

� ��

��

��

��

��

� ��

��

� 500 � .� . ��

� �� 500� .� . ��

�� 100 � .�. �� (2� x 2� �� )

� ��-� � � ��

��

��

��

��

�� /� ��

� ��

� �� 2000� .� . ��

� ��

��

��

��

�� -� � � �

�� 100 � .�. �� (2� x 2� �� )

�� 100 � .�. �� (2� x 2� �� )

��

��

�� /� � �� /� ��

�� / ��

��

��

�� 100 � .�. �� (2� x 2� �� )

� ��

��

��

� ��

��

��

� ��

��

��

��

�

��

� ��

� ��

� � � ��

� � � �� -��

�� (�� ...� �� )

��

��

��

� � ��

��

��

� � ��

��

��

�� 20% ��

��

�� 150� . � � ��

��

��

��-� � � � � � ��

��

��

� ��

��

��

��

��

��

��

� ��

��

��

Coordinate System: Adindan UTM Zone 37NProjection: Transverse Mercator

Datum: Adindanfalse easting: 500,000.0000

false northing: 0.0000central meridian: 39.0000

scale factor: 0.9996latitude of origin: 0.0000

Units: Meter

City administrative boundary

Maj

or

Land

use

CodeSub

Category Prohibited Use Basic/ Mandatory RegulationColor


LEGEND


R-2


Stadium, Prison,Military establishment

Low Density Mixed Residence

Mix

ed R

esid

ence

(R)

Medium Density Mixed Residence

R-1



Stadium,Prison, Military establishment


Social service,worshiping place,manufacturing and storage <500 m2, administration, car parking building,public park, hotel are not obliged to mix residence

High Density Mixed Residence

R-3



Cemetery

Slaughterhouse

Quarry

Stadium,Prison,Military establishment

At least 40% of the permitted building function should be residence (40% of the FAR excluding parking space)

Social service,worshiping place,administration,car parking building,public park, hotel are not obliged to mix residence


Com

mer

ce (C

)


Mixed Commerce CB-1


Cemetery

Slaughterhouse

Quarry

Market Place

Higher Level Market

Medium Level Market

Small Market

Government Organization One tree (2mx 2m) every 100 m2

plot area

At least 30% of the permitted building function should be residence (30 % of the FAR excluding parking space)

Social service,worshiping place,administration,car parking building,public park, hotel are not obliged to incorporate residence


Soci

al S

ervi

ce (S

)

CB-2

More than three fourth of car parking space should be underground

CB-21

CB-23

CB-22

AD-11

AD-2


AD-12

AD-13

AD-14

AD-1


Secondary school includes secondary and preparatory levels


Social Care Center

Sport center

Woreda SportField

Sub city-Level Stadium

City-Level Stadium

Sport FacilityNational Stadium

Education

Special needs school

Secondary school

TVET

University/CollegeResearch Center

Health

Health Center

Hospital

Specialized Hospital

S-1

S-11

S-12

S-13

S-14

S-15S-2

S-21

S-22

S-23

S-3

S-31

S-32

S-33

S-35

S-4

S-34

Mun

icip

al S

ervi

ces

(S-5

)

Fire and Emergency Service

Festival Site and Plaza

Green Cemetery

Culture and Civic Center

S-51

Slaughterhouse S-52

S-53

S-54

S-55



Building construction for cemeteries and festival sites

Public toilets

LEGEND

Tran

spor

t Ser

vice

(T)

Bus ,LRT ,Rail and AIR

Intra-city terminal

Freight Terminal

Inter-city Terminal

Airport

Surface parking

Terminal Public toilets

Parking Building

Parking

Car parking space (parking buildingor surface parking)

All functions except defined by transport, street and related infrastructure installations

T-1

T -11

T-12

Central Station- transport hub

T-2

T-21

T-22

Bus depot

Maj

or

Land

use

CodeSub Category Prohibited Use Basic/ Mandatory RegulationColor

Stre

et N

etw

ork

(SN

)

Electric powerstation

Street vending on Arterial Street

LRT power station

High tension electric line buffer

Telecom station

Water reservoir

EA-1Green Infrastructure

EA-11Multi Functional Forest

River Buffer

Regional Park

Sub-City level Park

Woreda-level park

Special park

Waste Management

Solid waste management and treatment site

Liquid waste management and treatment station plant

EA-12

EA-13

City Level Park EA-14

EA-16

EA-15

EA-17

EA-2

EA-21

EA-22

EA-31

All landuses except walkways,bikeways, flood control structure

Agro forestry on 15-30% slope, conservation forestry on > 30% slope

All landuses except access streets, inspection posts and soil conservation structure

Conservation forestry on > 30% slope, agroforestry on 15-30% slope and park development on flat slope.

All landuses except conservation forestry and infrastructure that suit eco-tourism function

All landuse except access street and other light structure

The maximum allowable physical structure footprint is 5% of the total area.

Maintain a minimum green buffer of 50m around transfer stations and 200m around sanitary landfill sites

Artificial Lake

EA-3

Ground WaterProtection Zone EA-32

Quarry site

EA-33A


Flood Protection Pond

Relocation site R-4 All except housing for relocateesfrom environment land use

Infr

astr

uctu

re S

ervi

ce (I

S)En

viro

nmen

t Pro

tect

ion

(EA

)M

anuf

actu

ring

and

Sto

rage

(M

S)

Urba

n Ag

rricu

lture

(UA) UA

Vegetables, fruits, commercial Forest Farming, poultry, cattle fattening and Diary, etc.

Urban Agriculture

Manufacturing and storage M-S1

A maximum of 20% of total area could be used for residences, office and business,green spaces and playgrounds for direct use bythe designated function

Fuel depot M-S2

M-S3Granary


Spec

ial P

roje

ct (S

P)

High - end Hotel( 5 star) SP-1

International level hospital SP-2Special Recreational Facilities ( Golf Course,Horse Riding Field,etc.)

SP-4Shopping Mall

Recreational watchtower

HB-1

SP-3


His

toric

al C

onst

ruct

ion

and

Site

(HB

)

Historical Site

SP-5

Historical Structure

PA

Additions, modification /alteration, demolishing and replacement only as per the specifications by the Authorized Institution

Aviation Zone

Prot

ecte

d A

rea

(PA

)

HB-2Smoke emitting and bird attracting landuse

High elevation building beyond the allowable height (See Building Height Proposal)

All except functions defined within the same sub- category

IS-01

IS-02

IS-04

IS-03

IS-05

Hot Spring area

All urban functions except street and related infrastructureinstallations


Stadium, Prison, Military establishment

Adm

inis

trat

ive

Ser

vice

(A

D)

The potential quarry must be exploited before the land is allocated,developed or reclaimed

All landuse except forestry, siliviculture,controlled agriculture

Provide a minimum buffer distance of 150m around the shoreline

Sub-City Adminstration

City Adminstration

Woreda administration

Other GovernmentalInstitutions

Inter-Governmental Organization

Main City Center MCC boundary wide

Cemetery

Quaries are prohibited on landslide and erosion-proneareas


Secondary center Boundary

Tertiary center boundary

Woreda center boundary

Special center boundary

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

� �� 100� �� 50� ��

�� /� ��

��

�� /� ��

�� 100 � .�. �� (2� x 2� �� )

�� /� � � ��

��

�� 100 � .�. �� (2� x 2� �� )

� �� -� � � � ��

��

� 30% �� 15-30% ��

��

��

Social service,worshiping place,manufacturing and storage <2000 m2,administration,car parking building,public park,hotel are not obliged to mix residence


Slaughterhouse

Quarry

Cemetery

Slaughterhouse

Quarry





Public toilets

Playground/multi-purpose sport field for all education facilities

Public toilets for all sport facilities

Car parking space

Street vending is allowed on Collector Street or lower street hierarchy

Any Obstacle on pedestrian lines

On street parking only on Arterial and sub- Arterial streets within the Ring Road

Maintain minimum green buffer of 100m around central waste water treatment plant and 50m around decentralized facilities and transfer stations

Quarry and water body

�� : �� UTM �� 37 �� : � ��

�� : ��

�� : 0.0000�� : 500,000.0000

�� : 39.0000�� : 0.9996

�� : 0.0000�� : � ��

SP-5

s

Plot assigned for Parking Building should provide a space for a minimumof 250 cars

� ��

S-53

40%

30%

SN

EA-33B

EA-33C

EA-33B

EA-33C

��

60%

�� 60%

T-22

�� ( 5 �� )s

Market places are not obliged to mixresidence

��

Structure plan of Addis Ababa land use

Source: Addis Ababa City Planning Project Office July 12, 2017

98

As the world becomes increasingly urban, the challenges of urban governance have become a central consideration as part of global development efforts. The new 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, adopted by the United Nations in September 2015, includes for the first time a dedicated section on urban development, Sustainable Development Goal 11 (SDG 11) to make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable; while the 2015 UN COP21 conference in Paris, which led to the signing of the Paris Agreement on climate change, was largely supported by city-level commitments on climate action. Most recently, UN member states adopted the New Urban Agenda (NUA), which was prepared for the United Nations’ 2016 Habitat III conference in Quito. Considered the urban-level implementation agenda of the SDGs and the Paris Agreement, the NUA centrally positions urban governance as an enabling condition for a more sustain-able global future; it establishes a range of concrete aspira-tions for developing urban governance systems, institu-tional structures and capacities.

At the same time, digital technology is changing the way city governments operate and how they interact with citizens. Cities are increasingly using big data and real-time information to inform decision making, and some are creating ‘urban innovation labs’ to develop and imple-ment new approaches to local policymaking. Furthermore, citizens are using new digital platforms that reshape their interactions with governors, and tech-based start-ups are disrupting established models of public service delivery.

4.1 Urban Age governance issues

The New Urban Governance focus of the Urban Age Task Forces is designed to support concrete change across dif-ferent tiers of governments. It will build on LSE Cities’ research on urban governance such as the 2014 Urban Age ‘Governing Urban Futures’ conference in India; its research on infrastructure governance in Ethiopia; and its leadership of the policy unit four ‘Urban Governance, Capacity and Institutional Development’ of the Habitat III conference.

Urban Age investigates the context-specific potential for institutional reform and critical alignments with substan-tive policy agendas alongside the challenges faced by elected officials, administrators and regulators of rapid technological change. Working with local partners, the Urban Age will assist with identifying relevant policy, technology and governance innovations, and, in connec-tion with capacity building efforts, will pinpoint how these could be deployed on the ground.

As part of an initial effort to prioritise future Urban Age engagement with urban governance, Table 2 identifies the core and wider urban governance issues.

Table 2: Urban governance issues

Core Issues Wider Issues

− Data and information − Strategic planning − Scenario planning − Integrated governance and coordination

− Policy interdependence − Budgets and finance − Skills and capacity − Transitions − Communication − Leadership − Visions and agenda setting

− Problem solving − Monitoring

− Corruption − Politicisation − Legal structures − Decision making − Addressing uncertainty − Participation − Trust − Formalisation − Land governance − Change management − Staffing − Implementation

4.2 Priority governance issues for the Addis Ababa Task Force

Based on a scoring exercise of the urban governance core and wider issues* outlined in Table 2 (see Appendix 2, three priority issues were identified: data and information; inte-grated governance and coordination; and land governance. These were then evaluated both by the Plan Commission and the Urban Age Executive Group in order to determine the main governance focus of an Addis Ababa Task Force.

4.2.1 Data and information

This is a priority concern in Addis Ababa due to:

− a lack of available data across and within policy sectors; − existing data not being reliable; − existing data not being up to date.

Alongside addressing these concerns, new opportunities for automating data collection and analysis, as well as sharing across departmental units, needs to be found. All agencies in different sectors need to be provided with tech-nology supported database systems and new ways of shar-ing data. For example, real-time data on road and traffic conditions could be made available via Addis Ababa Road Authority, and education data via the Education Bureau. A city-wide data store would require a cross-departmental approach and could not be done by one agency alone (see 4.2.2 Integrated governance and coordination).

In Ethiopia, the Central Statistical Agency is responsible for providing the government with all statistical data. Addis Ababa has a branch of the Central Statistical Agency, which directly reports to the federal Central Statistical Agency but is also accountable to the City Administration and the mayor to a certain extent. However, political lead-

4. New urban governance

View looking south west over Addis Ababa from the hills above Megenagna© Charlie Rosser

*On behalf of the Addis Ababa Plan Commission, this included assessments by Dr Firehiwot Jebessa, Addis Ababa University (sociologist); Dr Belay File, Ethiopian Civil Service University (urban planner); Dr Moges Tadesse, Plan Commission (economist); Mr Dereje Yohannes, Addis Ababa University; Mr Dumesa Olke-ba, Plan Commission (development economist); Mr Ephreme Bekele, Plan Commission (urban planner and architect); and Dr Philipp Rode, LSE Cities, on behalf of the Urban Age Programme.

1110

Critical cases for the land governance issue exist across the city, centrally as well as on its outskirts. Particularly impor-tant cases can be seen in:

− the peripheral sub-cities of Akaki Kaliti (nine woredas), Bole (six woredas), Kolfe (seven woredas), Yeka (five woredas) and Nefas Silk Lafto (three woredas)

− neighbourhood villages where large numbers of dis-placed farmers are concentrated – the total number of displaced households is estimated at 6,556, equaling 22,209 individuals (source: Addis Ababa City Admin-istration Rehabilitation Project Office for Displaced Farmers)

− central areas such as La Gare, Piazza and Akaki Kaliti

The Urban Age Programme has not worked on a dedicated land governance strand to date although some LSE Cities research has included issues of land pooling, banking and value capture. More work has been conducted in relation to the substantive issue of compact growth and density (see 5 Substantive policy issues and themes).

A potential focus on land governance raises the following questions:

− How to navigate a subject which is highly political? − To what extent can the highly specific legal systems

related to land in Ethiopia be incorporated as part of an international collaborative task force?

− What are the most relevant substantive issues linked to land governance, housing, transport, compact growth, other infrastructure development, and informal versus formal development?

Conclusion: The critical issue of land governance will have to be acknowledged by any engagement linked to urban planning and design. However, a top-tier or exclusive focus on land governance for the task force faces several chal-lenges: the governance of land tends to be more deeply embedded in specific local political and administrative traditions, which limits the value of international compara-tive insights; Ethiopia and its near-exclusive form of public land ownership is an outlier within the wider African context; land governance is centrally determined by national government legislation and constitutional arrangements, with which an Addis Ababa Task Force would have limited scope to engage; land governance is a highly politicised concern to which a task force of local and international experts may not be equipped to respond.

ers take little interest in data collection and are not directly involved with addressing the data gap. For sub-regional and city analysis, data is available from the last census, which was taken in 2007; a new population and housing census will be taken in April 2019.

The Urban Age Programme has considerable expertise in comparative, high-level data analysis, Geographic Infor-mation System (GIS) mapping and information design. The programme is less familiar with big data, deep statistical analysis, econometrics and producing large quantitative datasets such as census surveys.

A potential focus of the Addis Ababa Urban Age Task Force on data and information raises the following questions:

− Would this focus be exclusive and general? − Should this focus be combined with specific sectoral

perspectives and, if so, which ones? − Can a focus on data be linked to propositional issues of

urban development? − Would this focus include the generation of new data

or mainly develop a strategy for data production and analysis?

Conclusion: For any task force governance focus, issues of data and information will have to play a central role. How-ever, choosing this issue as the top-tier urban governance concern does not connect well enough with the level of expertise available via the Urban Age network as the net-work does not include the required technical expertise on statistical services, big data analysis and computer science. Furthermore, the necessary engagement with Ethiopia’s Central Statistical Agency risks moving the scope of the task force beyond a focus on Addis Ababa and beyond specifically urban-related concerns.

4.2.2 Integrated governance and coordination

Addis Ababa has been struggling to coordinate and inte-grate its main development initiatives, and city officials have observed for some time that there are considerable costs occurring as a result of this. Common integration failures include macro-level connections between hous-ing and transport, as well as infrastructure coordination between different utilities, such as water, electricity and transport. The latter have very different operational plans, do not conduct any joint planning, and have no data exchange or joined-up technological support. There is also an urgent requirement to allow for better access to data and information during decision-making processes.

The city has started to roll out measures addressing coordination issues. For example, the city administration has started to restructure key urban sectors particularly through new joint planning and data sharing initiatives. The Addis Ababa Infrastructure Coordination and Build-ing Permit Authority was created by the city council in 2017 to facilitate infrastructure coordination, while the Plan Commission is responsible for the whole planning process and sectoral integration.

The Urban Age Programme has developed a wide range of reports and studies looking into broader questions of inte-grated city-making and governance. LSE Cities is currently researching governance and coordination mechanisms as part of infrastructure development in Addis Ababa and Dire Dawa.

A focus on integrated governance and coordination raises the following questions:

− At what levels of governance should an Urban Age Task Force develop integration mechanisms?

− What are the key elements for vertical coordination? Sub-city and city level, city and region level, or city and national level?

− What are the key elements for sectoral integration, both across key infrastructure sectors and between key urban development policy sectors such as housing and transport?

− Which specific policy-making opportunities, projects or programmes could this focus be aligned with?

Conclusion: A task force focus on issues linked to inte-grated urban governance and coordination offers the broadest joint basis for collaboration and can build on ongoing research activities at LSE Cities as well as ongoing government initiatives in Addis Ababa. Such a focus would also address issues that are relatively universal across specific cultural and political contexts offering opportunities for international ideas and knowledge exchange. Further advantages of a top-tier concern linked to coordination for a task force engagement is the impor-tance of cross-sectoral and multi-level perspectives, and coordination as a universally acknowledged aspiration independent from specific political agendas.

4.2.3 Land governance

Land governance is a top concern in Addis Ababa, especially for local residents and communities; it is the subject of a considerable amount of public complaint and political tension. For example, as the city is expanding horizontally it has not been able to sufficiently take into consideration the interests of local farming communities and their land surrounding Addis Ababa. The city requires a land-use system that ensures land is used efficiently and intelligently (China may be an interesting reference with its recent land governance reforms). This focus would include comparative case studies and could be directly linked to the issue of compact growth and density.

The formal responsibility for land governance sits with the Addis Ababa municipality. However, as the capital city, the national government is a powerful partner. The city administration is accountable to both the city council and the national government. In addition, there is a national ministry working exclusively on land issues. Within the city administration, the Plan Commission and Land Devel-opment Office is in charge of land governance and negoti-ating between different land uses.

1312

− What are appropriate mechanisms to enable transit-oriented development (TOD) as an urban development strategy rather than a financing approach?

Conclusion: A task force focus on compact growth offers a unique joint platform for the Plan Commission and the Urban Age Programme. Given the boundary constraints Addis Ababa is required to work with following the politi-cal tensions linked to regional expansion of the city, popu-lation and industry growth will have to be accommodated within the existing city boundaries. As a result, compact urban growth has become the default planning agenda for which the Plan Commission is directly responsible. The Urban Age Programme and its network has built consider-able expertise around issues linked to urban compaction, densification and urban regeneration in both developed and developing world cities. Compact growth also directly deals with a multi-sectoral, spatial development agenda for cities and underpins many international agreements on urban futures (e.g. the SDGs and the NUA). At the same time, this broader agenda needs to be translated in a more effective way to specific contexts while addressing concerns such as affordability, overcrowding, congestion, infrastructural complexity and designing alongside nature.

5.1.2 Transport

The development of a new transport infrastructure is a defining feature of Addis Ababa’s commitment to plan-led urban development. Alongside the condominium developments, road and mass rapid transit infrastructure development is the most significant public intervention as part of Addis Ababa’s urban growth. While transport infrastructure development in the city may look good in comparative terms, local conditions remain problematic and severely compromise overall urban accessibility.

The main aspects of conventional transport planning are under the control of the Addis Ababa Transport Authority. Government has invested an enormous amount of money in new infrastructure and maintenance, but big problems remain. Connectivity is a critical issue and congestion is getting worse every day. Housing in particular was not linked to connectivity concerns. There are issues with transport management and the important combination of software and hardware. Transport management systems also need to be better supported by new technology. Road development and street design raise important ques-tions about how to maintain the city’s low car ownership. Policies and proclamations need to be tested for contra-dictions, and overall sustainable solutions are not really addressed.

The Urban Age Programme has a strong track record in advocating for sustainable urban transport and highlight-ing the complex relationship between transport policy and urban development. A focus on transport could also be supported by high-level political leaders from within the Urban Age network.

The Urban Age task forces are designed to guide and connect the urban governance focus to more specific concerns of sustainable urban development, and the impact of major drivers of change in developing and developed countries. The key urban development issues listed in Table 3 are indicative areas of engagement, reflecting both their global relevance and the knowledge and skills available through the Urban Age network.

Table 3: Urban development issues

Core Issues Wider Issues

− Spatial planning − Compact growth and density

− Architecture and buildings

− Transport − Technology − Climate − Inclusive city − Migration − Innovation − Housing affordability − Health and well-being − Large and mega cities

− Crime − Conflict − Violence − Education − Energy − Water/waste − Food − Historic preservation − Job creation − Smaller cities and towns

− Regional urbanisation − Media − Engineering

5.1 Priority urban development issues for Addis Ababa Urban Age Task Force

Based on a scoring exercise of the above urban develop-ment issues (see Appendix 2), three priority issues were identified: compact growth and density; transport; and the inclusive city. As with the urban governance issues, these issues were evaluated by both the Plan Commission and the Urban Age Executive Group in order to inform the main focus of an Addis Ababa Urban Age Task Force.

5.1.1 Compact growth and density

Addis Ababa is committed to compact and connected urban growth, which is a relatively new concern in the Ethiopian context. The city’s geographical area within which it needs to accommodate all its growth is clearly defined and cannot be expanded. Compact growth will have to negotiate between many competing land uses and guarantee overall the most efficient use of land as a scarce resource. This issue is directly connected to the land governance issue and would benefit from international comparative case studies, in particular from the latest reforms taking place in China.

Specific areas which need to be redeveloped in accord-ance with compact growth in the main city centre include the Ethiopian National Theatre, the Addis Ababa National

Stadium, Meskel Square, the Filwoha, Mexico, Kazanchis, Piazza, Merkato and La Gare. La Gare is dealt with directly by the mayor and the National Government and may be an interesting deep dive case study for the Urban Age Task Force. Areas to be redeveloped as secondary centres include Jemo, Meri Luke and Kaliti, and as tertiary centres include Bole Ararsa, Koye Feche, Megenagna, Ayer Tena, Addisu Gebeya, Saris and Bisrate Gebriel.

While the city government has launched a compact growth agenda, it is facing a range of capacity issues. The debate about mixed-use and density continues to be particularly relevant. La Gare has minimum of 10 Floor Area Ratio (FAR) and many corridors of 5 FAR, and some planners argue that these could be even higher. Many compact-growth issues are missing in the current Structure Plan and there is an urgent need to better understand comparative cases of effective compact growth planning. A critical issue is how to implement transit-oriented development, work with connectivity and avoid hugely problematic fragmen-tation of urban growth.

The Urban Age Programme and LSE Cities have consider-able expertise in compact and connected urban growth. This agenda has been a defining feature of proactive urban planning trying to overcome business-as-usual urban expansion and sprawl. Relevant work for the United Nations Environment Programme and the Global Com-mission on the Economy and Climate could underpin this task force focus.

Specific questions related to compact urban growth may include:

− What are appropriate density standards for different parts of the city?

− What guidance could be provided on mixed use, par-ticularly between industrial and other urban uses?

5. Substantive policy issues and themes

Mass transit in Addis Ababa

Urban area

Administrative city

Light rail

Intercity & regional rail

Freight or disused

Popular transit in Addis AbabaBus (Anbessa & Sheger) & minibus taxi

Urban area

Administrative city

Popular transit routes

Addis Ababa residential densityPeak density within admin. area (people/km2): 48,743

Source: Urban Age/LSE Cities analysis based on data from the European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC) and Addis Ababa Masterplan Project Office.

Sources:

Top: Urban Age/LSE Cities analysis based on Working Map of Addis Ababa’s Public Transport Network led by the Addis Ababa Road and Transport Bureau specifically Addis Ababa Transport Authority in partnership with WRI, Addis Ababa University, Transport for Cairo and Digital Matatus; CORINE land cover/Copernicus.eu; Addis Ababa Masterplan Project Office.

Bottom: Urban Age/LSE Cities analysis based on data from OpenStreetMap® (open data, licensed under the Open Data Commons Open Database License (ODbL) by the OpenStreetMap Foundation (OSMF)); CORINE land cover/Copernicus.eu); Addis Ababa Masterplan Project Office.

1514

Piassa, Addis Ababa © Charlie Rosser

Specific questions related to transport may include:

− How can Addis Ababa expand its street network without promoting increased car use?

− How can alternative public transport modes – such as bus rapid transit (BRT), light rail transit (LRT) and metro rail, and popular transit be balanced and better connected?

− What are the key characteristics of different types of streets considering both transport and place functions?

− What are the potential implications of a smart mobility transition – a move towards using new transport tech-nologies, such as ride hailing services – for transport infrastructure development in Addis Ababa?

Conclusion: Alongside housing, transport has emerged as a priority issue in Addis Ababa with considerable invest-ments and related policy priorities. A task force focus on urban transport would build on and expand relevant policy advice and capacity building. However, transport is already the focus of a range of international collabora-tions and includes active contributions in Addis Ababa from the Institute for Transportation and Development Policy (ITDP), the World Resources Institute (WRI) and the Bloomberg Initiative for Global Road Safety (BIGRS). Furthermore, a narrower focus on transport requires a level of technical assistance which the Urban Age Pro-gramme has not developed in greater detail. At the same time, transport concerns will have to feature centrally as part of broader urban planning issues with which the task force will be dealing.

5.1.3 Inclusive city

Addis Ababa recognizes the importance of moving beyond typical economic growth narratives for urban develop-ment. The inclusive city agenda has recently gained considerable traction and complements exiting strategies

through an explicit focus on social inclusion. The inclusive city aims to address the wider demands of citizens and to ensure that relevant services are equally available to people of all socioeconomic backgrounds. Furthermore, it intends to eliminate any discrimination on the grounds of economic, religious and ethnic status.

The key departments involved in implementing the inclu-sive city agenda are: the Urban Development Bureau; the Plan Commission; Addis Ababa Labour and Social Affairs Bureau; Addis Ababa Children and Women Affairs Bureau; and the Bureau of Industry.

Some of the most important issues currently being addressed by the city government include:

− the provision of housing for displaced dwellers within a radius of less than one kilometre, including building city centre apartment blocks specifically for displaced people;

− Ethiopia’s Growth and Transformation Plan II (GTP-II) to ensure equal socioeconomic benefits for vulnerable social groups, such as disabled and elderly people, by establishing a social welfare system and by expanding social security service coverage;

− increasing employment opportunities through promot-ing high-tech industries, small and micro enterprises and the green economy.

For these agencies, the main priority is that economic growth leads to job opportunities, and that green economy and inclusive city initiatives come together.

One of the key problems that the Urban Age Programme has sought to address is how urban development affects those facing inequality and social exclusion in cities of the developing and developed world. Inequality has been interrogated spatially, investigating how the lived experi-ence of a city can differ across social, gender and ethnic groups, with an emphasis on the politics of planning.

Specific questions related to the inclusive city theme may include:

− What are the infrastructures and infrastructure services of the inclusive city?

− How can the inclusive city be financed? − What are the priority developments for the inclusive

city? − What are the priority policy sectors for the

inclusive city – housing, energy, sanitation, health, education, etc.?

Conclusion: The inclusive city agenda is too broad and ambitious to serve as an effective focus for the Addis Ababa Task Force. In addition, it requires a highly con-textualised engagement with issues of ethnicity, religion and class to which the timeframe for this task force cannot do justice. At the same time, a narrower concern linked to inequality and social disadvantage can be addressed through a focus on other substantive issues.

54%

31%

15%

Private car, taxi, other15%

Walking54%

Inter-city bus used locally7.3%

Municipal bus (Anbessa & Sheger)8.4%

Minibus taxi13.9%

Light Rail Transit*1.6%

How people move in Addis Ababa

PublicActive Private

Source: World Bank Report No: PAD1293 *estimates based on available data in 2018

1716

Following the above analysis, this pre-assessment recommends that an Addis Ababa Task Force should focus on combining the top-level urban governance issue of Integrated governance and coordination with the substantive urban development agenda of Compact growth and density, as put forward by the Addis Ababa City Structure Plan 2017–2027. A proposed short working title for the task force is ‘Integrated Governance for Compact Growth’. Issues of data and information, land governance, transport and the inclusive city will be addressed as second-tier concerns as part of the suggested overall focus. Addis Ababa’s compact growth and densification agenda alongside these second-tier concerns, will initially be addressed using three lines of substantive inquiry:

1. high-density, mixed-use and affordable urban retrofit-ting and housing in inner city areas;

2. upgrading urban street space for efficient movement without promoting an increase in car use;

3. green infrastructure and nature-based solutions for urban intensification.

The Addis Ababa Task Force would aim to contribute to the following capacity building objectives stated in the Addis Ababa City Structure Plan 2017–2027 (p218):

− Provide consecutive awareness-creation programmes regarding the Structure Plan to the public at least on a yearly basis, and to implementing agencies as the need arises.

− Strengthen the Plan Commission’s human and institu-tional capacity.

− Provide domestic and international training on envi-ronment quality management, land management and administration, landscape design, urban design and transportation planning.

In addition, the task force will support the development of expertise linked to (p218):

− Preparation of local development plans (LDPs) together with implementation strategies and feasibility studies, and standard guideline manual plans.

− Plan monitoring and evaluation.

To facilitate such contributions, the brief for the task force would target critical strategic input on:

− the most significant tensions and contradictions between the principal aim of compact growth as speci-fied in the Structure Plan, sectoral development pro-grammes (mainly transport and housing) and current development dynamics;

− the main coordination challenges linked to compact growth between sectoral development, different tiers of government and non-government stakeholders;

− priorities for implementing the master plan’s strategic vision and the consideration of trade-offs linked to this prioritisation;

− identification of priority implementation challenges and sites, relevant stakeholders and barriers;

− recommendations for strategies and tactics for address-ing implementation challenges;

− recommendations for appropriate mechanisms assisting integrated governance for compact growth.

Further details on how the Structure Plan intends to address the city’s compact growth and densification agenda are included in Appendix 3.

6. Recommended Addis Ababa Task Force focus

Road and Rail intersection at Megenagna, Addis Ababa © Charlie Rosser

1918

− digitisation of documents (Infrastructure Coordination and Building Permit Authority)

− launching new online systems (Infrastructure Coordina-tion and Building Permit Authority)

− reforms of directives and policies (Infrastructure Coordi-nation and Building Permit Authority)

− Addis Ababa Resilience Strategy to be launched by July 2019 (Resilience Project)

− revised/new transport strategy (Road and Transport Bureau)

− new transport curriculum framework (Road and Trans-port Bureau)

− revised/new water and utilities strategies − roll-out of intelligent transport management systems

(Road and Transport Bureau) − land policy revision (Land Administration and Manage-

ment Bureau) − resettlement policy (Land Administration and Manage-

ment Bureau)

7.1.3 Sectoral priorities for compact growth

Q3: ‘How relevant do you consider the following sub-fields and sectoral issues for a task force focussing on compact urban growth in Addis Ababa?’

Based on the 19 responses received and via rating the rele-vance of 7 sectors for compact growth, a fairly even pattern emerged. Overall, most sectors were rated highly relevant and the table below shows only a small variation between the highest and lowest rated:

Instances of highest relative rating

Instances of lowest relative rating

Effective density and mixed-use standards

4 2

City design and building codes

2 5

Affordability of higher density housing

7 4

Avoiding displacement and ensuring inclusion

5 1

Accommodating economic functions

1 2

Efficient transport and accessibility

5 0

Nature-based solutions and ecology

1 4

7.1.4 Relevant programmes, projects and sites

Q4: ‘Which programmes, projects or development sites your organisation is involved with may be particularly important to consider as part of a contribution of this task force?’

Based on the 19 responses received, the following pro-grammes, projects or sites were identified (in descending order of number of mentions):

− local development programmes for Piazza and Kalite (4) − the Structure Plan Revision (3) − Rivers and riversides development (3) − BRT Project and transit-oriented development (2) − La Gare development (2) − natural resource programme (2) − World Bank projects (Transport Systems Improvement

Project training) − school expansion programme − comprehensive tax reform programme − construction capacity building programme − design and construction of public building projects − hospital programme − social integration programme

7.1.5 Local research needs

Q5: ‘What type of additional local research on Addis Ababa would be particularly helpful for advancing compact and connected urban growth?’

Based on the 19 survey responses received, the following local research areas were identified as priorities:

− compact development and climate change − compact designs and urban heat island − water sensitive designs in Addis Ababa − locally appropriate housing designs − Kazanchis redevelopment area and effects of density − light rail transit and its outcomes − social cohesion facilitated by compact growth − impact of urban intensification on health and well-being,

and responsiveness of primary healthcare − road safety and the economic effects of traffic accidents − transport infrastructure and transport asset

management − inner-city housing solutions avoiding displacement − unemployment and urban growth − smooth redevelopment and improvement of housing

facilities − urban governance and basic service delivery − land markets and governance − informal housing and housing problems − extreme poverty and how to escape it

In order to assess the precise focus of the Addis Ababa Task Force, the pre-assessment team consulted with key city stakeholders (Appendix 4). The selected parties were sent a letter and short survey (Appendix 5) jointly from the Addis Ababa Plan Commission and LSE Cities dur-ing the week of 11 February 2019. In addition, a half-day stakeholder workshop led by Mr Dereje Fekadu Deressa, Dr Moges Tadesse and Dr Philipp Rode was arranged for 14 March 2019, and attended by 28 representatives from 11 stakeholder organisations (Appendix 6). The main aim of this engagement was to better understand how different organisations in Addis Ababa are exposed to the challenges and opportunities of planning, designing and implement-ing strategies for compact urban development in the city.

7.1 General feedback

The overall feedback gathered from the survey and work-shop, as well as from additional individual meetings, was positive and encouraging. The engagement confirmed the recommended focus for the task force and its potential as a vital contribution to Addis Ababa’s current urban develop-ment cycle.

The formal feedback from the survey, which also informed discussions at the stakeholder workshop, was collected from 19 participants from the following 12 organisations:

1. Plan Commission2. Addis Ababa University 3. City Government Mayor’s Office4. Bureau of Education 5. Revenue Authority6. Construction Bureau7. Environmental Protection and Green Development

Commission8. Land Administration and Management Bureau9. Road and Transport Bureau10. City Resilience Project11. Infrastructure Coordination and Building Permit

Authority12. Health Bureau

The following subsections provide a summary of the responses to each question from the survey; further details can be found in Appendix 5. Overall, the responses revealed strong sectoral biases towards urban develop-ment and Addis Ababa’s compact growth agenda. Notable exceptions were shared governance challenges such as coordination, information and capacity.

7.1.1. Compact and connected urban growth challenges

Q1: ‘What do you consider the major challenges for your organisation to help plan, design, and/or implement com-pact and connected urban growth in Addis Ababa?’

Based on the 19 survey responses received, the following challenges were identified (in descending order of number of mentions):

− lack of coordination among stakeholders (10) − lack of capacity, experience, skills and knowledge (7) − lack of data and information (7) − enforcement and violation issues by implementing

agencies, and informality (5) − lack of awareness (4) − financial constraints and infrastructure finance (3) − recent leadership change and political instability (2) − political will and commitment (2) − need for adequate (infrastructure) services for greater

density (2) − need for better links between knowledge producers

(universities) and communities − building culture and traditions − construction standards − issues relating to location and redevelopment

Above all, these responses highlight concerns related to urban governance issues rather than those linked to the challenges of delivering compact growth and dealing with higher urban densities. The repeated mentions of coordi-nation, capacity and information challenges support the identified top-level focus of the proposed task force.

7.1.2 Relevant strategic decisions up to 2020

Q2: ‘The task force is scheduled to report back by mid/end 2020. Which upcoming strategic decisions in your organi-sation could this opportunity be linked to?’

Based on the answers of the 19 respondents, the following strategic decisions were identified:

− Growth and Transformation Plan II (GTP-II) ending (in 2022) and preparations for a new GTP

− revision of the Structure Plan (in July 2019, Plan Com-mission)

− Structure Plan implementation (Plan Commission) − National Census − revision of Main City Centre Development Plan (in Sep-

tember 2019, Plan Commission) − BRT line 2 implementation (Plan Commission and Road

and Transport Bureau) − Woreda transformation in health (Health Bureau) − infectious disease programme (Health Bureau)

7. Stakeholder engagement and feedback

2120

7.1.6 International research needs

Q6: ‘What aspects of compact and connected urban growth are particularly relevant to learn more about from international experiences?’

Based on the 19 responses received, the following interna-tional research areas were identified as important:

− how to align project-based development with existing strategies (2)

− integrated governance for infrastructure and utility providers, land and transport, and natural and urban environments

− critical cases of urban densification (e.g. Hong Kong, Barcelona, etc.)

− Singapore style transit-oriented development − European cities on climate change aspects − design and governance processes for Structure Plan

implementation − efficient transport and urban accessibility research − international sustainable transport practices and

transport capacity building − international approaches to dense, mixed-use develop-

ments including housing − successful policy for reducing car use and better

connectivity − urban quality of life and environmental friendliness − public consultation and collaborative approaches − green development for compact cities − city design and construction quality − metropolitan planning approaches − construction materials and environmental impact − responsive health care systems in high-density urban

environments − approaches to compensation for displaced populations − experiences to improve urban economy and business

environment − experiences to improve inclusivity challenges (access to

services, gender inequality, etc) − experiences to improve resilience challenges − safe sewerage and waste management systems − rule of law and efficient public service − proper and safe housing

Addis Ababa LRT Ayat Station © Charlie Rosser

2322

Task Force Week Addis Ababa (17–21 February 2020) − present commissioned papers and background research − series of local workshops − bi-lateral meetings between experts − site visits − interviews and meetings with key city officials − sign-off focus for phase 2 and final report

Task Force Phase 2 (March 2020–June 2020) − monthly virtual meetings − operate in smaller working groups, which mix interna-

tional and local experts − commission papers − review research and policy papers − advise on final report − review final report written by the task force secretariat

Task Force final report launch, Addis Ababa (July 2020) − press conference − presentation for key city officials − public event

8.2 Task force support

AHG round table, Berlin (28 March 2019) − workshop on international collaboration for integrated

governance

Executive MSc in Cities Lab (EMC Lab) (May–August 2019) − based on an assignment titled ‘Piloting for strategic

interventions’, the EMC Lab will consider global prac-tices and local applications of compact and connected growth relevant to Addis Ababa for three sub-strands:

1. expanding street networks without promoting motorisation;

2. high-density, affordable urban retrofitting and housing;3. nature-based solutions for urban intensification

− final report developed as critical resource for task force

EMC Lab Week, London (3–7 June 2019) − define, improve and test emerging ideas for implemen-

tation pilots − input from local experts

This section sets out the operational details of an Addis Ababa Task Force between January 2019 and December 2020. The task force activities are incorporated into an existing and ongoing engagement between Addis Ababa and the Urban Age Programme, which started in 2017 and is intended to continue beyond 2021 (see Figure 2).

The overall programme is composed of four distinct strands of engagement (see Figure 3):

1. framing, which includes the pre-assessment;2. the task force core;3. task force support;4. background research.

While the pre-assessment is covered in the main body of the report, the remaining three strands are summarised in this section.

Given political uncertainties, it is important to note that special arrangements will have to be made to allow for a flexible scheduling process throughout the task force process, which is able to accommodate the considerable level of uncertainty and the need to change timelines at short notice.

8.1 Task force core

The key phases of the task force core will include:

Urban Age Task Force brief/Memorandum of Understanding (April–May 2019)

− final brief negotiation and development − brief writing based on pre-assessment

Select experts and establish team (June–August 2019) − interview and select international experts − interview and select local experts

Task Force Phase 1 (September 2019–January 2020) − receive task force brief, information base, Urban Age

analytics report and Executive MSc in Cities Lab (EMC Lab) report

− virtual kick-off meeting − monthly virtual meetings − operate in smaller working groups, which mix

international and local experts − commission research and policy papers

8. Operationalising an Addis Ababa Task Force

Figure 2: Urban Age engagement with Addis Ababa since 2017

Urban Age Conference and Research 2017-18

“Developing Urban Futures”

In partnership with:United Nations Economic Commission for AfricaMinistry of Urban Development and Construction, EthiopiaCity Government of Addis AbabaEiABC, University of Addis AbabaForum of Social Studies, Addis AbabaEthiopian Civil Service University

Framing Urban Age 2021 onwards

Contributions to: − Capacity Building − International Building Exhibition

− City Design Panel − City Forum

Pre-assessment

Task Force Core

Urban Age Addis Ababa Task Force 2019-2020

Support

EMC Lab

Commissioned papers

Research

UA Analytics

Governance review

Figure 3: Task Force Programme elements and schedule

01/19 02/19 03/19 04/19 05/19 06/19 07/19 08/19 09/19 10/19 11/19 12/19 01/20 02/20 03/20 04/20 05/20 06/20 07/20 08/20 09/20 10/20 11/20 12/20

pre-assessment

final brief

AHG roundtable Berlin

ua analytics

governance review

research trip Addis Ababa census 2020 analytics

emc lab week London

papers set 1

papers set 2 capacity buildingemc lab

select expert task force workshop week Addis Ababa

task force report launch Addis Ababatask force phase 2

task force phase 1

municipal elections (tbc

relevant policies, programmes and projects (tbc)

2018 2019 2020 2021

Support

Task Force Core

Framing

Research

2524

Paper Set 1 (November 2019–January 2020) − local issue papers commissioned by Urban Age Task

Force from experts based in Addis Ababa to review critical aspects relevant to the task force workshop

− general issue papers commissioned by Urban Age Task Force from international experts on critical aspects relevant for the task force workshop

Paper Set 2 (April–June 2020) − additional papers commissioned by Urban Age Task

Force from experts on key topics relevant to concluding the task force report

Capacity building (September–December 2020) − Addis Ababa-based training sessions − virtual training and online lectures

8.3 Research

Urban Age analytics (May–August 2019) − local comparative analysis − establishing an information base − report writing and submission − research trip to Addis Ababa (early July 2019)

Integrated Governance and Strategic Planning Review (May 2019–January 2020)

− review of integration mechanisms − network analysis of relevant urban governance links − comparative insights on urban governance

8.4 List of task force deliverables

− Urban Age analytics report (September 2019) − EMC Lab report (September 2019) − Urban Governance Review paper (January 2020) − Commissioned papers (Set 1, January 2020;

Set 2, July 2020) − Urban Age Task Force workshop week (January 2020) − Urban Age Census 2020 analytics report (July 2020) − Urban Age Task Force final report (July 2020)

Yangon, Myanmar

Undertaken as part of the Executive MSc in Cities in 2016/17, the task force focus was on strategic planning and infrastructure development in Yangon, Myanmar, working with the Yangon City Development Corporation (YCDC) on long-term scenario planning for this rapidly growing South East Asian metropolis. The task force worked to develop a research report that can be used by YCDC as they consider different spatial development pathways when transitioning from a city of 5.2 million to a megac-ity of more than 10 million inhabitants between now and 2050. It explored different scenarios of how this rapid population growth could be physically accommodated in the city, relating the Yangon context to international experiences with urban expansion driven by infrastruc-ture development. Three spatial development scenarios (compact, polycentric and sprawl) were analysed for two economic growth trajectories (high and low GDP growth) while the same level of projected urban population growth is assumed. The aim of the task force was to provide a valuable resource and accessible document to inform decision making in Yangon beyond technocratic processes.

India Smart Cities

The India Smart Cities Mission pilot was a capacity build-ing event held in Delhi in 2015, attended by state govern-ments, mayors and municipal commissioners of the 98 cities included in the Smart Cities Mission. The two-day programme explored various aspects of smart city devel-opment, with a group of experts from the Urban Age network working with the city officials to facilitate discus-sion and potential actions in relation to issues such as how to set goals for cities, understanding area-based develop-ment and financing smart city projects, so that these could be taken forward and developed within their own cities/administrations.

Dutch Government

The National-Regional Programme for Amsterdam, Almere and Markermeer (RRAAM) was a development, environmental and transportation strategy for the North Wing of the Randstad, which will see the city of Almere double in size by 2030. LSE Cities convened a panel of experts from our Urban Age network to look at the existing plans and alternatives in order to assess the programme from a more qualitative and international perspective, working alongside the local administrative authorities as well as two central government ministries. The findings were then presented to the Ministry of Infrastructure and Environment. With the RRAAM International Review, LSE Cities informed and influenced the Dutch National Government and civic leaders in city and urban planning. The final report submitted, following the inputs from the international panel of experts, was critically instrumental in the decisions made by local and national policymakers.

Appendix 1. Task force pilot programmes

2726

A. RELEVANCE B. SUITABILITY

Core IssuesA1. Demand A2. Impact A3.

Knowledge gap

B1. City Authority

B2. Plan Commission

B3. UA Capability

B4. UA Legacy

Total AA Assmt.*

TOTAL including UA

Data and information

5 5 5 5 4 5 5 24 34

Strategic planning 3 2 2 3 3 4 4 13 21

Scenario planning 3 2 2 3 3 3 2 13 18

Integrated governance and coordination

4 5 4 4 4 5 4 21 30

Policy interdependence

2 3 2 2 2 5 4 11 20

Budgets and finance

3 3 2 3 3 2 2 14 18

Skills and capacity 5 5 4 5 4 3 2 23 28

Transitions 3 2 2 2 2 3 2 11 16

Communication 3 4 3 4 4 3 3 18 24

Leadership 3 4 3 4 4 2 4 18 24

Visions and agenda setting

3 3 2 3 3 3 3 14 20

Problem solving 3 3 4 3 3 3 3 16 22

Monitoring 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 15 20

Wider Issues A1. Demand A2. Impact A3. Knowledge gap

B1. City Authority

B2. Plan Commission

B3. UA Capability

B4. UA Legacy

Total AA Assmt.

TOTAL

Corruption 3 4 3 3 3 1 1 16 18

Politicisation 2 3 2 3 2 2 1 12 15

Legal structures 2 3 2 3 2 1 2 12 15

Decision making 3 4 2 4 2 3 3 15 21

Addressing uncertainty

3 3 4 3 4 3 3 17 23

Participation 3 3 3 3 3 2 3 15 20

Trust 3 4 2 4 4 1 1 17 19

Formalisation 4 4 3 4 4 2 1 19 22

Land governance 4 5 4 5 5 3 4 23 30

Change management

4 4 4 4 4 2 1 20 23

Staffing 3 3 3 3 3 1 1 15 17

Implementation 3 4 4 4 4 3 1 19 23

Wider Issues A1. Demand A2. Impact A3. Knowledge gap

B1. City Authority

B2. Plan Commission

B3. UA Capability

B4. UA Legacy

Total AA Assmt.

Total

Crime 2 3 3 3 2 1 1 13 15

Conflict 2 2 2 3 2 1 1 11 13

Violence 3 3 3 2 3 1 2 14 17

Education 3 4 3 5 3 2 1 18 21

Energy 3 3 3 2 3 2 1 14 17

Water/Waste 4 4 5 5 5 2 1 23 26

Food 3 3 2 3 2 1 1 13 15

Historic preservation

3 2 2 2 2 2 1 11 14

Job creation 5 5 5 5 5 2 2 25 29

Smaller cities and towns

2 2 3 2 3 2 1 12 15

Regional urbanisation

3 3 3 3 3 1 1 15 17

Media 3 3 3 3 3 1 1 15 17

Engineering 3 4 3 3 3 1 1 16 18

A. RELEVANCE B. SUITABILITY

Core Issues A1. Demand A2. Impact A3. Knowledge gap

B1. City Authority

B2. Plan Commission

B3. UA Capability

B4. UA Legacy

Total AA Assmt.

TOTAL

Spatial planning 4 3 3 4 4 5 4 18 27

Compact growth and density

4 5 4 4 4 5 5 21 31

Architecture and buildings

3 2 2 3 3 4 4 13 21

Transport 5 4 4 5 5 4 5 23 32

Technology 4 2 3 4 4 3 4 17 24

Climate 2 2 2 2 2 4 5 10 19

Social integration / Inclusive City

4 4 4 4 4 4 5 20 29

Migration 3 3 2 3 3 2 3 14 19

Innovation 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 14 20

Housing affordability

5 5 5 5 5 2 2 25 29

Health and well-being

3 3 3 2 3 3 3 14 20

Large and mega cities

2 1 3 1 1 5 5 8 18

Ratings from 1 (low) to 5 (high) Ratings from 1 (low) to 5 (high)

1. Urban Governance Issues 2. Substative Urban Development Issues

Appendix 2. Pre-assessment selection criteria tables

*In each table total AA Assessment is the some of A1, A2, A3, B1, and B2

2928

Below are relevant extracts from the Addis Ababa City Structure Plan 2017–2027.

The Addis Ababa City Development Plan (2002-2012) in retrospect

− ‘Regarding major shortcomings of the Plan itself, it had failed to sufficiently elaborate implementation mecha-nisms (including institutional set-up and financial sources) to encourage and guide proposed investments.’

− ‘It should have incorporated strategies for managing the urban edge, for protecting the green frame in peri-urban areas and to curb urban sprawl.’

− ‘It did not integrate its plan with those of neighbouring administrative zones and municipalities.’

Addis Ababa City Structure Plan (2017–2027) general − ‘The Structure Plan is the most important, governing a

citywide plan over all other urban plans.’ − ‘City Structure is the collective name given to major

determinants of the spatial frame that are essentially the backbone (streets, centres, green and main transport axis) of a city.’

− ‘The population of the city and its surrounding almost doubles every 15 years.’

− ‘The city’s population size is expected to increase to more than 4.4 million within the coming decade and surpass 6.6 million in 25 years.’

Future spatial growth and urban structure − ‘A new plan with new ideas to guide the next decade of

urban development by:’ − ‘Coordinating mixed-use housing development and

redevelopment along mass transit lines and business corridors.’

− ‘Inserting green spaces, related functions and public spaces to increase the liveability and image of the city.’

− ‘Providing production premises to MSEs (micro and small enterprises) near to market areas or accessible routes.’

− ‘Filling the gap in the provision of basic services.’

Urban growth principles − ‘Addis Ababa is running out of vacant land in the city

proper. There is a growing need of space for housing, services, access, recreation and working areas. But … available resort remains in intensively reusing the built-up area (redevelopment). But the “how” and the “where” are major questions that need to be answered.’

− ‘Promotion of intensive uses of land and space … this concept is the central theme in the new Structure Plan as there is little potential space for horizontal expansion.’

− ‘Land use principles’ − ‘The Addis Ababa City Development Plan (2002-2010)

had set major land use principles that had to be strictly adhered to. These were:’

− ‘urban-rural harmony’ − ‘decentralisation of urban activities’ − ‘promotion of mixed/compatible land use’ − ‘integration of different components along activity

spine/mass transport lines’ − ‘increased foresight and practicality of plan’

Densification − ‘More than 90 per cent of the houses in the capital are

one-storey buildings, which indicates that land is not efficiently used.’

− ‘Densification should be done systematically, not only to accommodate the growing population but also to regenerate the urban economy.’

− ‘Mass transit attracts/enables high-density develop-ment along corridors. In view of the scarcity of land in the capital, inner-city redevelopment could strategically focus on densification along these corridors.’

− ‘What is more important at this juncture, though, is that at least the Addis Ababa City Government cannot go on providing vacant land for housing. It is time to make a shift from focusing only on green field housing development.’

− ‘To make a shift from focusing only on green field housing development. If housing development uses grey area, as it had for example at Lideta or Arat Killo, it would also serve in regenerating neighbourhoods. If integrated with mass transport routes and boulevards, it could go beyond revitalising communities to serve as an engine of economic growth.’

− ‘High-density development areas are selected by con-sidering mass transport routes and city centres.’

− ‘Any development within a designated high-density mixed residence should accommodate 30–40 per cent residence. Minimum gross density is 150 housing units per hectare (150hu/ha).’

− ‘The proposed minimum gross densities for medium- and low-density mixed residence are 100hu/ha and 50hu/ha respectively.’

Mixed use − ‘The mixed residential density proportion applies both

on the land use and at the building level.’

Housing: principles and targets − ‘Thus, considering these factors, the total number of

housing units that have to be built during the next ten years within Addis Ababa is estimated to be 1.2 million.’

− ‘The plan adapts the following five guiding principles:’ − ‘Compact and green development with a good

balance between open and green spaces and the built form.’

− ‘Diversity across income groups, housing typologies and land uses.’

− ‘Balanced growth through appropriate distribution of housing, economic activities and infrastructure.’

Appendix 3. Addis Ababa’s compact growth and density objectives

Merkato, Addis Ababa © Charlie Rosser

3130

− ‘Efficient use of land in the city centre, along mass transit lines (along LRT, BRT and future Metro lines) and renewal of slum neighbourhoods.’

− ‘Environmental sustainability through protection of the natural ecosystem.’

− ‘The issue will thus be how to build 420,000 housing units for the low income group.’

− ‘Out of the estimated 1,172,195 units (rounded up to 1.2 million) needed for Addis Ababa, 53.76 per cent (approx-imately 645,120 units) will be built in the city proper and the remaining 554,880 units need to be accommodated on land reserved for the expansion of its built-up area on the periphery.’

− ‘Prepare 4,301 ha of land to accommodate the 645,120 units in the inner part of Addis Ababa (brown land) with housing density of 150 units per ha; and another 4,586 ha of land on expansion areas to accommodate 554,880 units by applying a density standard of 121 units per ha.’

Transport: principles and targets − ‘Streets should be developed for people and facilitate

social and other activities, and regenerate the local economy.’

− ‘Introducing transit-oriented urban development (TOD).’

− ‘Transport and Street Network Two concepts are adapted regarding the street system – the first one is to develop alternative expressways to facilitate traffic.’

− ‘The other important concept is to develop or redesign streets for mass transport.’

− ‘Streets are part of the public space where a lot of activi-ties simultaneously take place.’

− ‘Increase the capacity of the street to move more people than more vehicles.’

− ‘Promote sustainable transportation such as mass transit, walking, and cycling.’

− ‘Transport system major goals:’ − ‘Reduce walking distance to the nearest public trans-

port system to 500 metres.’ − ‘Reduce home-to-work travel to one hour.’ − ‘Promote healthy mobility with efficient traffic

management systems, proper parking and terminal facilities.’

− ‘Reduce waiting time for mass transit service to five minutes.’

− ‘Reduce by half the annual average of 940 traffic accidents in the city.’

− ‘Enforce environmental standards on vehicle use and reduce carbon emissions by half.’

− ‘Street network major goals:’ − ‘Increase road density from the existing 13 per cent to

25 per cent.’ − ‘Provide comfortable road infrastructure and related

facilities for the elderly, children, persons with dis-ability, cyclists and pedestrians.’

− ‘Dedicate 50–60 per cent of the street area at centres located inside the existing ring road and identified sections along transit oriented development corridors for NMT.’

Nature and ecosystems − ‘The World Health Organization (WHO) standard is

nine square metres [of green space] per person and that of Africa seven square metres per person. At present, there are well over 18 functional recreational parks in Addis Ababa with total area coverage of 113.7 ha, which puts the current per capita available green space of Addis Ababa at less than one square metre per person and as one of the lowest by international standards.’

− ‘Currently, over 100 million tonnes of earth materials are involved in the manufacturing of concrete products, road materials and other ancillary products. There are a number of quarry sites within Addis Ababa that meet part of the city’s total demand for construction materials, most of which are concentrated in Bole and Akaki Kaliti sub-cities.’

− ‘Moreover, an estimated 250–380 million tonnes of aggregates is required to meet the construction sector targets of the GTP-I. At present about 46,000 tonnes of sand is extracted and supplied to Addis Ababa daily from an average distance of 230 kilometres.’

− ‘The proposal of recreational park development tar-gets at increasing the current per capita green space to at least five square metres per person in 10 years and nine square metres per person in 25 years. Proposed per capita green space.’

− ‘The Structure Plan for environmental protection and development aims at contributing to the liveability of AddisAbaba by:’

− ‘Ensuring clean environment;’ − ‘providing adequate, accessible, networked and

functional green spaces;’ − ‘ensuring sustainable natural resource utilisation and

management;’ − ‘reducing exposure to natural disasters.’

General challenges − ‘The serious dearth of qualified managerial and techni-

cal structures and mandates that separate the corporate and political body of the City Government; and lack of checks and balances for oversight and holding the executive branch accountable.’

− ‘Lack of integrated and sustainable provision of public infrastructure and services. This is perpetuated also by lack of downward accountability.’

− ‘Lack of coordination between Federal entities and the City Government; and lack of coordination among the centre, sub-city and woreda level administrations.’

− ‘Lack of coordination between (sectoral and spatial) planning entities; lack of coordination between plan-ning and implementing entities; and lack of coordina-tion among infrastructure/utility agencies.’

− ‘Lack of coordination among public service providers and absence of strategic infrastructure investment plan have rendered interventions inadequate.’

− ‘Lack of institutional memory through high turnover of managerial manpower and professionals; shortage of trained manpower; and inefficiency in service delivery.’

− ‘Lack of sustainable public participation with regards to project planning and implementation; lack of trust and relational ties with stakeholders, hence loss of potential development partners.’

− ‘Lack of capacities in contract administration and attractive business environment for engaging in various forms of partnership arrangement with the private sector in service delivery.’

− ‘Lack of appropriate tax policy, structure, collection and administration; and lack of modern and integrated tax information system.’

− ‘The biggest challenge is that urban plans are not respected or strictly adhered to, even by those with authority. This trend should be changed. The binding nature of plans needs to be accepted by all, not only by law but also in faith.’

3332

1. Land Development and Management Bureau, Engineer Shimelis Eshetu

2. Construction and Housing Development Bureau, Engi-neer Yonas Ayalew

3. Finance and Economic Development Bureau, Mr Foano Fola

4. Road and Transport Bureau, Dr Solomon Kidane 5. Environmental Protection Authority, Engineer Alemi

Asefa 6. Water and Sewerage Authority, Engineer Zerihun

Abate7. City Government Mayor’s Office, Engineer Awoke

Hailemariam 8. Industry Bureau, Engineer Ermiyas Sikiros 9. Housing Development Bureau, Engineer Senayit

Damtew 10. Revenue and Customs Authority, Mr Shisema Gebresi-

lassie11. Watershed and Green Environment Development

Agency, Dr Sileshi Degefa 12. Trade Bureau, Woyineshet Zerihun13. Investment Commission, Mr Abdulfeta Yesuf 14. Health Bureau, Dr Yohanis Chala 15. Education Bureau, Dr Tabor Gebremedhin

Appendix 4. List of initial stakeholders Appendix 5. Stakeholder survey responses

Organisation AA Health Bureau AA Infrastructure Coordination and Building Permit Authority

AA City Resilience Project

Unknown City Municipal Office

Key Contact Dr Samuel Z. Kidus Timnit Eshetu Fitsumbrhan Tsegaye Unknown Awoke Hailemariam

Key compaction challenges

Adequately skilled pool of experts

Provision of accessible and good quality services

Lack of relevant data and information

Lack of coordination, integration and awareness

Lack of data and information

Lack of coordination among stakeholders

Lack of enforcement

Financial constraints for implementing the plan

Lack of experience and skills gap

Land use violations by implementing bodies

Transport facility challenges

Utilities, water and electric power services

Solid waste management

Task Force links to other initiatives

AA Accelerator HIV/AIDS control programme

Woreda transformation in health

Digitisation of documents

Services via online systems

Reform directives and policies

Resilience Strategy expected to be released by the end of July 2019

Transport Strategy

Water and Utilities Strategy

Solid Waste Strategy

Most relevant subfields












Least relevant subfields



Key programmes, projects or sites

HIV/AIDS prevention and control programme

Community Board Health Insurance

Construction of three new hospitals is starting

Legehar development

Riverside projects

Resilience Strategy will be very relevant to the task force

Kaliti Local Development Plan (LDP)

American Gibi LDP

Main City Centre LDP

Transport Strategy

Water and Utilities Strategy

Solid Waste Strategy

Local research Impact of urban intensification on health

Responsiveness of primary healthcare in AA

Inner-city housing while avoiding displacement

Unemployment versus urban growth

Impact of compact growth on the social and cultural aspects of urban dwellers

Locally appropriate housing design

How can social cohesion be facilitated by compact growth

Linkage with surrounding cities

Smooth redevelopment and improvement of housing facilities

International input

Health service systems in different cities

Creating a responsive healthcare system in urban contexts

Construction materials and environmental impact

Design processes to follow

Public consultation approaches

How to align project-based development in line with existing strategies

Process of implementation

Compensation for households to be displaced

Integration among infrastructure and utility providers

Urban redevelopment without affecting existing urban dwellers

How green development can be boosted in compacted city

How (peaceful) linkage with the surrounding cities is established

Other How to integrate compact growth and informality, ICT and other cross-cutting themes

3534

Organisation EiABC, AAU AA Environmental Protection and Green Development Commission

AA City Land Administration and Management Bureau

AA University AA Road and Transport Bureau

Key Contact Prof. Hailu Worku Wondwosen Lakeu Elias Zerga Melka Dr Firehiwot Jebessa Bilisuma Wakuma


Capacity problem

Political will

Socioeconomic problems in terms of relocation and redevelopment

Lack of collaboration with stakeholders

During planning there is no consideration of other stakeholders

After planning and design there is lack of performing correct interaction of stakeholders

The culture of inhabitants not to live in high-rise buildings

Lack of firm stand of government and less political commitment

Lack of integration between stakeholders and people

Lack of data and information

Lack of integration

Lack of university and community linkages

Land use management, policy and implementation

Mobility strategy design, road safety and enforcement

Administration of public transport systems and urban planning


Action areas for implementing compact growth

Urban design of selected areas and standards

Implementation strategies

Ensuring that the city is healthy for living

Protecting natural resources

Land policy revision

Boarder issues between Addis and Oromia

Resettlement policies and compensation of the people who are leaving their houses and land

City transport policy and strategy, BRT

Transport curriculum framework preparation

Intelligent transport management systems














City planning and environment integration

Wastewater treatment

Urban resilience issues

AA riverside greenery project

Escalating the protection of nature

Providing awareness to youths to be protective with natural resources

City renewal programmes in the city of different sub-cities

Street children programme

Social integration programme

BRT Projects

Depots construction

Transport knowledge management

Local research Compact development and the impact of climate change

Urban heat island effect and how to mitigate it via design

Water-sensitive urban design

Integrate environment in design process

How our organisation is collaborating with others

How other organisations are involved with environmental issues

Assessing methods important for nature-based solutions

How city land is occupied with and how efficient

Number of population versus number of housing units already existing

Levels of densification with respect to other densities in other cities

Needs assessment of inner-city areas and dwellers

Social integration and inclusive society research

Street city dwellers and children

Road safety

Economic effects of accidents, and mobility

Public service provision

Transport infrastructure and transport asset management

International input

Land and transport integration

How to integrate nature into compact development

Pros and cons of compact growth and striking appropriate balance

The mechanisms that are helpful to implement the plan and collaborative action

How to participate the community in developing environmental issues

Housing aspects


Accommodating economic functions and minimising trip generation

International experiences with inner city displacement

How to deal with indigenous culture and identity

Best practices of international transport

Transport capacity building

Reviewing education curriculum in transport

Other The present Structure Plan was initially made on the basis of integrating part of the services in the surrounding Oromia region i.e. not on the assumption of compact growth in practice. Therefore the Structure Plan should be revisited with respect to the present compact growth thinking and clearly identify areas prioritised for densifying

Organisation AA Construction Bureau AA Plan Commission AA Revenue Authority AA Bureau of Education

Key Contact Eng. Yonas Ayalew Lealem Berhanu / Getachew Haile

Shisema Gebresilassie Dr Tabor Gebremedhin


Technical capacity on plan implementation

Construction standards and techniques

Financial support for construction related studies

Capacity in spatial planning

Finance for infrastructure

Institutional challenges of coordination

Shadow (underground) economy because of lack of comparable fact-based information and tools for data collection and platforms to share it

Problems related to ease of collection and ease of compliance

Problems related to promotion of efficiency and end result equity

Access quality and special needs education for Students increasing in number every year

Lack of motivation as well as skill and knowledge gap of teachers at all levels

Insufficient school infrastructure that leads to poor quality of education


Green construction

Implementation of health and safety in construction

Construction materials and construction economy

Updating and revision of Structure Plan after 2.5 years of implementation (July 2019)

BRT 2 implementation

Revision of Main City Centre Development Plan (September 2019)

Modern, standard, integrated and web-based tax information administration system

Transparent and simplified tax auditing, assessment, compliance and return system

Fair and equitable tax, adequate revenue that will cover cost of government expenditure

School improvement

Access to general education for all children

Quality education





Effective density and mixed use standards





Nature-based solutions





Construction capacity building programme

Design and construction of public building projects

Construction project management

La Gare new development site

Rivers and Riversides Development

Updating current Structure Plan

Comprehensive tax reform programme (with ministry of revenue at federal level)

Upgrading project on state & municipality tax collecting information technology (SIGTAS & SIRM)

Measures on restructuring the tax authority and reengineering the existing processes by the city government

School expansion

Local research Construction industry development programme

Construction and design professional certification project

Construction technicians continuous capacity building programmes

Casainchis redevelopment area on density

Focus on housing development project areas

Light rail transit outcomes and impacts

Research to improve urban governance and basic service delivery

Research related to land market and governance

Research related to informal settlement and housing problems

Neighbourhood and living culture of the community and its commendation with the new culture

Challenges of urbanisation and treatment mechanisms for Addis Ababa

Extreme poverty and the way out in Addis Ababa

International input

City design and construction quality compatibility

Decentralised service – one stop service

Reconstruction of cities

Hong Kong, Barcelona (density and urban form)

European cities on climate change aspects

Singapore on transit-oriented development

Experiences to improve urban economy and business environment

Experiences to improve inclusivity challenges (access to services, gender inequality…) Experiences to improve resilience challenges

Safe sewerage system and waste management

Rule of law and efficient public service

Proper and safe housing

Other Construction economics and its impact on cities development

In my perception, corruption is critical problem in our city

AA experiences or research-based recommendations on technology & human aspect development is important

3736

Organisation AA Plan Commission AA Plan Commission AA Plan Commission AA Plan Commission AA Plan Commission

Key Contact Fitaweke Metaferia Buye Wanaye Dumessa Olkebea Abinet Ergando Dube Demissie Damite


Availability of data for planning

Coordination issues among different stakeholders

Political instability regarding the administrative set-up of AA city in the federal system

The unknown boarder area of the city and its neighbouring regions and political stability

Insufficiency of the existing data and information for planning purposes

Incapability of city sector administrators/leaders

Non-coordination and sectoral activities

Low level of awareness on priorities and importance of planned urbanisation

Low implementation and compliance with standards

Plan violation and informality

Change in leadership and high turnover

Lack of awareness about the importance of urban plan

Lack of social and economic data inform action both city and sub-city level

Knowledge gaps and poor capacity

Poor integration and coordination across sectors


End of 2022 after five years

End of 2023 after GTP-II

Review of Structure Plan

Connectivity, better urban mobility and economic efficiency

Liveability through better public spaces

Housing issues

Transit-oriented development

National census (along planning housing for increasing demand)

Plan revision

Cleshare project

Implementation and integrated master plan

Social and economic growth and transformation plan

Urban thematic research and studies










Nature based solutions and ecology





The Addis Ababa Master Plan

Local development programmes: Piazza and Kalite

Revision of Structure Plan

Transit-oriented development

World Bank funded projects – Transport Systems Improvement Project training

Design and implement local development plans

Research and capacity building

Local research

Resource on transportation system improvements

Research on informal trade and non-observed economic activities

Investments on housing and real estate by private developers and decisions

Transport challenges and its costs (economic perspectives)

Why informal urbanisation and non-consideration of communal spaces

EDRI (Ethiopian Development Research Institute)

Social and economic research at city and sub-city level

Urban sustainability

System and urban innovation

International input

Housing and mixed-use

Less motorisation and better connectivity

Urban quality of life and environmental friendliness

City economic statistics (income and product account)

Urban productivity

Connected urban growth examples

Other Construction economics and its impact on city development

City aspiration and dwellers’ expectations

Tilu Dimtu complex, Addis Ababa© Charlie Rosser

38

Urban Age Addis Ababa Task ForceWorkshop on Integrated Governance for Compact Urban Growth14 March 2019Time: 9:00am–12:30pmVenue: Elilly International Hotel

No Name of Participants Organisation

1 Mr Dereje Fekadu Addis Ababa City Plan and Development Commission

2 Dr Philipp Rode LSE Cities, London School of Economics and Political Science

3 Dr Moges Tadesse Addis Ababa City Plan and Development Commission

4 Mr Dereje Yohanes Addis Ababa University

5 Mr Epherem Bekele Addis Ababa City Plan and Development Commission

6 Prof. Hailu Worku Addis Ababa University, EIABC

7 Mr Girmaye Teshome Addis Ababa City Plan and Development Commission Resilience Project

8 Mr Nebeyou Bikila Addis Ababa City Plan and Development Commission Resilience Project

9 Mr Bekana Wakwaya Addis Ababa City Plan and Development Commission

10 Mr Elias Zerga Melka Addis Ababa City Land Administration and Management Bureau

11 Mrs Yalemtsega Teruneh Addis Ababa City Government Mayor’s Office

12 Fitsumbrhan Tsegaye Addis Ababa City Plan and Development Commission Resilience Project

13 Aklilu Belayneh Addis Ababa City Plan and Development Commission

14 Gemechis Terfa Addis Ababa University

15 Tadese Lemesa Addis Ababa University

16 Yonas Ayalew Addis Ababa City Construction Bureau

17 Wondwosen Lakeu Addis Ababa Environmental Protection and Green Development Commission

18 Shisema Gebresilassie Addis Ababa Revenue Authority

19 Dr Firehiwot Jebessa Addis Ababa University

20 Daniel Shitaye Addis Ababa City Plan and Development Commission Resilience Project

21 Yirgalem Eshetu Addis Ababa Finance Bureau

22 Abinet Ergando Addis Ababa City Plan and Development Commission

23 Demissie Damite Addis Ababa City Plan and Development Commission

24 Fitaweke Metaferia Addis Ababa City Plan and Development Commission

25 Bilisuma Wakuma Addis Ababa Trade Bureau

26 Wondwessen Teferi

27 Mrs Timinet Eshetu Addis Ababa Infrastructure Coordination and Building Permit Authority

28 Samuel Z. Kidus Addis Ababa Health Bureau

Appendix 6. List of participants of stakeholder workshop

Urban AgeThe Urban Age Programme, jointly organised with and supported by the Alfred Herrhausen Gesellschaft is an international investigation of the spatial and social dynamics of cities. The programme consists of conferences, research initiatives, task forces and publications. Since 2005, 17 conferences have been held in rapidly urbanising regions in Africa and Asia, as well as in mature urban regions in the Americas and Europe. urbanage.LSECities.net@UrbanAge_

LSE CitiesLSE Cities is an international centre at the London School of Economics and Political Science that carries out research, conferences, graduate and executive education and outreach activities in London and abroad. It studies how people and cities interact in a rapidly urbanising world, focusing on how the physical form and design of cities impacts on society, culture and the environment. Extending LSE’s century-old commitment to the understanding of urban society, LSE Cities investigates how complex urban systems are responding to the pressures of growth, change and globalisation with new infrastructures of design and governance that both complement and threaten social and environmental equity.LSECities.net@LSECities

Alfred Herrhausen GesellschaftThe Alfred Herrhausen Gesellschaft promotes a free and open society and its cohesion. Democracy, the social market economy and sustainability are the foundations of such a society. Our work is based on the values of Alfred Herrhausen: on freedom and responsibility, on competition and compassion. Alfred Herrhausen thought and acted with the aim of crossing and overcoming boundaries. In his memory, the Alfred Herrhausen Gesellschaft creates platforms for discussions to enrich relevant discourses during selected events, and in publications and other media.alfred-herrhausen-gesellschaft.de@AHG_Berlin

Addis Ababa Plan CommissionAddis Ababa City Plan and Development Commission is committed and fully dedicated to preparing research-based city-wide short, medium and long term strategic development plans (both socio-economic and spatial) in order to transform the city to one among the middle-income cities in the world; create a liveable city for the citizen; and make Addis Ababa the best destination for investment in Africa. The commission is accountable to promote urban economy and jobs; deliver urban renewal and housing for citizens; improve urban environment and quality of life; and support policy decisions that will register accelerated, sustainable and equitable economic growth and a climate resilient green economy.

http://urbanage.LSECities.net

https://twitter.com/urbanage_

https://lsecities.net/

https://twitter.com/LSECities

https://alfred-herrhausen-gesellschaft.de/

https://twitter.com/AHG_Berlin

towards an addis ababa urban age task force › de › docs › ... · 2 1 report authors dr...

Documents