towards an integrated ecosystem based management
TRANSCRIPT
Towards an integrated ecosystem-based management: What is
necessary in Chile?
JC Quiroz
División de Investigación Pesquera
Instituto de Fomento [email protected]
Using Target and Limit Reference Points in Low-Trophic Level Fisheries
Small-pelagic fisheries
Anchovy northern
Anchovy northern-central
Anchovy and common sardine
central-southernFuegian sprat
The Chilean fisheries management (1/2)
The small-pelagic case
The exploitation strategies have been done through
annual Total Allowable Catches (TAC's)
Based on reference fishing mortality
Using an overall exploitation criterion
P(Ft>F60%)<0.1
Two reviewing TAC processes a year
DecemberThe National Council of Fisheries, adopted the Total Allowable
Catch (TAC)
February1st review TAC
Finish recruitment closed period
June2nd review TAC
Full fishing season
AugustStart reproductive
closed period
September (30)Start fishing season
JanuaryRecruitment
surveys
April-MayAutumn surveys
Stock Assessmentanchovy
common sardine
The Chilean fisheries management (2/2)
Others important low-trophic level fisheries
Crabs, squat lobsters and shrimps species
December agreement on the TAC’s
Based on reference exploitation rate (µ=Y/B)
Using an overall exploitation criterion
P(µt>[0.12-0.17])<0.1 (decline biomass)
P(µt>[0.12-0.17])<0.5 (stable biomass)
… has been done via only mono-specific stock assessment models and trend over the surveys biomass estimates
Nevertheless, several papers have called attention about trophic interactions and community structure of commercial fishery species off Chile
But, some drawbacks emerge …
Until now, the management …
Neira et al. (2004)Ecological Modelling
The problem is:
“Searching the Ecopath ratios”
In Chile, the knowledge on fundamental P/B, Q/B, EE, DC ratios is
fragmentary at best
Impacts of both fishing and Dosidicus gigas predation on the projections of Chilean
hake
…What about the cycles and the correlation-time structure?
Predation-prey interaction
While these work undoubtedly will contribute to the knowledge ecosystem, it is still necessary to guide them towards a common goal, the Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries (EAF)
How it can be put into practice?
From scientific observer and monitoring programsCath, effort, length, reproduction, by-catch,
misreport, species proportion, etc.Target and not-target speciesOthers observations
number of dead birds caught in longlinewhale sighting
Developing Ecological Indicators for Fisheries Management
From fishery-survey methodsAcoustic (small-pelagics, others pelagics,
demersal)Trawl (crustaceans)
fishery-independent time series dataAggregations’ measurements Biological data (larval, length, weight, sex by
specie)Acoustic characterization of the aggregationsOceanographic data
Developing Ecological Indicators for Fisheries Management
… two purposes are identified to managing the impacts of fishing on marine ecosystem:
performance measurement of the management objetives
It can be used as a part of decision rules to determine adaptive management
Ecological indicators …
Fulton, E. A., Smith, A. D. M., and Punt, A. E. 2005. Which ecological indicators can robustly detect effects of fishing? e ICES Journal of Marine Science, 62: 540-551.
Evaluation
Community Diagnostic
using operating
models(several
species / not while
ecosystem)
Ecological indicators
… Is necessary an Integrated Ecosystem Monitoring , Diagnostic and Evaluation(like single-species fishery management , these represent my own view)
Why?
and sorry if I make any English mistake
Thank you