towards open data development in mongolia
TRANSCRIPT
Department of Information and Computer Sciences
NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF MONGOLIA
NATIONAL INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGY PARK OF MONGOLIA
TOWARDS OPEN DATA DEVELOPMENT IN
MONGOLIA
Amarsanaa Ganbold, Tsolmon Zundui
DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION, COMPUTER SCIENCE
School of Engineering and Applied Sciences
National University of Mongolia
[email protected], [email protected]
2014-11-25 DISI Seminar
Contents
About Mongolia
1. Issues
Legal
Organizational
2. Open Data Initiative in Mongolia
At the National Information Technology Park (NITP) of Mongolia
Discussions
2
About Mongolia
3
Language Mongolian (uses Mongolian Cyrillic Script)
Culture Nomadic lifestyle in rural (285K herders)
Population3 2.9 M (46% in capital city Ulaanbaatar)
GDP2 $11.52 B
GDP growth2 11.7%
Total area 1,564,000 km2
Mobile Users1 4.3 M (smart phone users 1.4 M – 34%)
Internet Users1 1 M
IDI Rank 85 (up 5 places 2011-2012, top rank increase)
2 http://data.worldbank.org/country/mongolia
1 Communications Regulatory Commission of Mongolia, 2014 statistics
3 Mongolian Statistical Information Service, http://1212.mn
From BIG state to Smart state
4
E-Government
No open data
projects?
No standards?
No policy?
Smart
Ulaanbaatar
Smart
Government
Initiatives, Programs, Projects
4 Apr
2012
• E-Government national programDecree No.101 of the Government
16 Nov
2013
• From big state to smart state initiativeNational Consultative Meeting
27 Mar
2014
• Smart Ulaanbaatar program Decree No.16/11 of the City Council
24 Jun
2014
• Smart Government projectunder debate to the Parliament of Mongolia
5
Laws on IT (Open Data related)
6
Legislated Needed
LEGAL FRAMEWORK ISSUES
Freedom of Information
Constitution of the Mongolian People's Republic, 1992
16.17 Right to seek and receive information except that which the State and its
bodies are legally bound to protect as secret
Information Transparency, Right to Receive Information Act, 2011 (=FOIA)
5.1.3. any other information should be open except legally protected as secret
11.1.3. right to receive any other information related to institution activities
Directive to use of database of government organizations, 2013
1.3.2. organizations should provide citizens and institutions to receive and use of
information stored in database of government organizations by alternative rules
Regulation on payment to provide information, discount and exemption, 2013
2.1 information in digital format should be provided free for citizen, legal body
Transparency Budget Act, 2014
3.2. budget, financial plan, performance, implementation, report and related cash
flow and transactions should be open
7
LEGAL FRAMEWORK ISSUES
Freedom of Information (2)
in the FOIA, 2011 following
information? should be open
Institutional activities
Human resource
Budget, Finance
Procurement
8
in the General Rule for
Information transparency
following information?
Procurement plan
Investment
Loan, subsidy
Welfare expenditure
Assessment audit etc.
+
Appropriate definitions on data,
information? etc.
No mention about license?
Needed to be reflected
LEGAL FRAMEWORK ISSUES
ITPTA, Survey report on performance of FOIA, July 2014
75 organizations, 36 indicators – average 19.5% open
Legal issues
Not complete, lack of other legislations
E.g., Data Protection Act is needed
No policy on Open Data or (re-)use of public sector
information
Government institutions don’t use any license with respect
to release/use of its data
No license on data or information
Don’t assume that data is an asset
No legislation on data protection
Private data is not protected -> civil servants are not sure to publish
datasets
Implementation of legislation
9
LEGAL FRAMEWORK ISSUES
IT organizational structure
Information Technology, Post
and Telecommunication
Authority
(ITPTA)
National IT Park
(NITP)
National Data Center
(NDC)
Government Chief of
Information Office
10
ORGANIZATIONAL ISSUES
proposed
current
Legend
Institutional Readiness
No agency or entity managing Open Data
NITP is starting Open Data Initiative without sufficient political
authority
No political leaderships supporting Open Data
No agency dedicated to data management or responsible
for ICT systems – e.g., Chief of Information Office (CIO)
National Data Center is just hosting government
information systems
now responsible for hardware infrastructure only
should coordinate to inter-agency mechanisms
No performance management or measurement on quality
of service delivery with respect to ICT
National Statistics Office (NSO) is responsible for statistical
data. 11
ORGANIZATIONAL ISSUES
Released Open Data in Mongolia
• has published statistical data as Open Data (in CVS, XLS
formats) in the Mongolian Statistical Information Service -
1212.mn
National Statistical Office
• General category and codes of terms on Information Exchange
Portal - code.gov.mn which provides some API
Information Technology, Post and
Telecommunication Authority
• All national laws, acts, decrees etc. in the Mongolian Legislation
Portal – legalinfo.mn
Ministry of Law
12
ORGANIZATIONAL ISSUES
Data within government
Title Stars Description
Transport Timetables Bus routes, bus stops (only UB)
Government Budget State general budget
Government Spending Not individual agency level, forced to be
opened by Transparency Budget Act since 2015
Election Results Results of Parliament and President Elections
Company Register None
National Map ? OpenStreetMap.org
National Statistics Various statistics in XLS, CSV + apps
Legislation Records of proceedings, draft laws under
debate and enacted version of legislation
Postcodes / Zipcodes Postal codes for administrative divisions
Emissions of pollutants Air pollution data by infographics
13
ORGANIZATIONAL ISSUES
Government data issues
No management of government information
No process for information and data security
No standard exists on accuracy and quality of data
Data archiving on papers only, not in digital formats
No inventory across government organizations
Cross-government standards are paper based
Metadata standards are very poor
Only NSO has own inventory
Less core common reference datasets across government
Published data are not in non-proprietary formats
Re-use of data is unknown
Data through API is not common
14
ORGANIZATIONAL ISSUES
Demand for Open Data
Civil societies and citizens don’t know their rights to
access information
Too much bureaucracy on data request
Data journalism is new term in Mongolia
No business uses government data
But, Government Service Machine delivers services
No local businesses in geospatial data and maps, in weather or in
transport information
Intra-government data is not shared enough
Public agencies don’t listen to demands for data and
respond
overall ICT skill base among senior government leaders
and civil servants is poor
15
ORGANIZATIONAL ISSUES
Open Data Initiative at NITP
Open Data
Policy
Open Data
Platform
• CKAN 2.2 Localization - 62%
• Releasing Alpha version
Release NITP
open data• Starting from Jan 2015
Federate
Open Data
16
• Released Oct 2014 in scope of NITP
• Joined to the workgroup of Data Protection Act
More actions of the ODI
Define licenses, guidelines, standards
Produce proposals on legislative acts
Promote open data to civil societies and public
agencies
Produce training program and train civil servants
17
Discussions
Opening government data is possible in Mongolia without
legal restriction.
Starting point is Ulaanbaatar city which is ready to open
up data
CIO of the city could manage Open Data
ICT Skills are relatively high
Demand for Open Data with respect to Smart Ulaanbaatar program
We need to show a successful case study and boost Open
Data Initiative in Mongolia.
18
