towards sustainable mobility
TRANSCRIPT
Towards Sustainable MobilityTowards Sustainable Mobility
Piet SteelVice-PresidentEuropean & Government Affairs Toyota Motor Europe
1969 S800 gas turbine hybrid
1975 Centurygas turbine hybrid 1996 1st FC vehicle
2003 Prius 2nd generation
2006Lexus GS 450h
2009 Prius3rd generation
1997 Prius
19701960 1980 1990 2000 2010
2005Lexus RX 400h
2007Lexus LS 600h
2009Lexus RX 450h
1963Start of HV
car development1997 RAV4-EV
1998 e-com
2010 Auris HSD
Toyota environmental historyToyota environmental history
The main challenges of today, The main challenges of today, as as Toyota sees itToyota sees it
1. Response to energy diversification2. CO2 reduction3. Improved air quality
HVs & PHVs with internal combustion engine
Passenger cars
HVHV
PHVPHV
Gasoline, diesel, bio-fuels, compressednatural gas, gas to liquids,
coal to liquids, etc.HydrogenElectricity
Veh
icle
size
Driving distance
We believe in the SustainableWe believe in the Sustainable--mobility based society, mobility based society, where several types of ecowhere several types of eco--cars will cars will coco--existexist……
EV
Small delivery vehicles
�� ��
seriesWinglet
Short-distance commuters
EVEV
Motorcycles
FCHVS
FCHVFCHV
FCHV (BUS)FCHV (BUS)
Heavy-duty trucks
Delivery trucks
Route buses
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The right car, the right place, the right time
……however, we do believe in one however, we do believe in one technology platform: Hybrid Synergy Drivetechnology platform: Hybrid Synergy Drive
Gasoline,diesel
Gaseousfuels Biofuels Synthetic
fuels Electricity Hydrogen
CO2 reduction Air qualityEnergy diversity
Sustainable Mobility
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Our aim: 1 million hybrid sales per year, early 2010s1 hybrid option in every model, early 2020s
Our experience tells us that the market Our experience tells us that the market for hybrid vehicles is growingfor hybrid vehicles is growing
2.75 million
0
500000
1000000
1500000
2000000
2500000
3000000
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Units
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Only the full hybrid technology allows driving Only the full hybrid technology allows driving in purely electric modein purely electric mode
Idle-stop Micro hybrid Mild hybrid Full hybrid
Start/Stop
Regenerativebraking
Motor-assist
EV Drive
Start/Stop
Regenerativebraking
Motor-assist
Start/Stop
Regenerativebraking
Start/Stop
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A PlugA Plug--in Hybrid: simply a conventional hybrid, with an in Hybrid: simply a conventional hybrid, with an extended EV rangeextended EV range……
Engine
Gasoline station
Motor
Fuel tank
Battery
Household electrical energyor public charging post
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Short distance: EV
…… functions as EV for city transportationfunctions as EV for city transportationand as a conventional full hybrid for longer drives and as a conventional full hybrid for longer drives
Long distance: Hybrid
PHV: “the best of both worlds”Copyright
100 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000 8,000 9,000 10,000
Ene
rgy
dens
ity b
y w
eigh
t (w
att h
ours
/ kg
)
Energy density by volume (watt hours / litre)
10,000
1,000
100
Weight & package are limiting todayWeight & package are limiting today’’s battery s battery technologytechnology……
Substantial R&D needed for batteries to reach levels similar to conventional
energy sources
Gaseous fuels
CNG
Hydrogen absorbing
alloy
Hydrogen
Batteries
Lithium-ionNickel metal
Lead
Liquid fuelsEthanol
Gasoline
Bio-diesel Diesel
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Electric Vehicle Electric Vehicle -- EVEV
Motor/GeneratorMotor/Generator
BatteryBattery
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FTFT--EVIIEVII
Launch of small commuter EV planned for 2012
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Motor/GeneratorMotor/Generator
BatteryBattery
Fuel TankFuel TankEngineEngine
Modular HSD Modular HSD -- Readily adaptable to PHV, Readily adaptable to PHV, EV and FCHV EV and FCHV
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Fuel Cell Hybrid Vehicle Fuel Cell Hybrid Vehicle -- FCHVFCHV
Motor/GeneratorMotor/Generator
BatteryBattery
FC StackFC Stack Hydrogen TankHydrogen Tank
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Reality not theory: the FCHVReality not theory: the FCHV--advadv
*1: in LA#4 test cycle, Toyota in-house test
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Next steps: ToyotaNext steps: Toyota’’s expansion s expansion plan for EVs, PHVs and FCHVsplan for EVs, PHVs and FCHVs
PHV
EV
FCHV
2010 2015
Test Phase Market launch
Market launch (US)
Test Phase Market launch
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Prius PlugPrius Plug--in Hybrid in Hybrid
Thank you