tpi - inogate - pa… · tpi landslid e weld defects corrosion old ac corrosion ... direct (defect)...

Distance (mm)

0.000 20.00 40.00 60.00 80.00 100.0 120.0 140.0 160.0 180.0 200.0 220.0 240.0 260.0 280.0 300.0 320.0

Time (µs)

22.00

22.50

23.00

23.50

24.00

24.50

25.00

25.50

26.00

26.50

27.00

27.50

28.00

28.50

29.00

29.50

30.00

30.50

31.00

31.50

32.00

32.50

Mill/Constr.

defects

TPI

Landslid

e

Weld defects

Corrosion

AC corrosion Old

joints

Types of Defects

lightning

73

Pipeline Operation and Maintenance | 10.4.2014

Integrity by Assessment of Defects

Ensure Integrity by Assessment of

Defects

Weld defects

Cracks

Gouges from External Damage

Metal Loss caused by Corrosion

Dents

(Puncture)

74


Assessment Criteria defined in Company Standard


75

Internal Company Standard

Basis for Assessment of Pipeline Integrity

Describes basic principles of pipeline

integrity

Describes methods and procedures for

assessment of pipeline condition

Describes type, extent and frequency of

testing and assessment

Contains assessment criteria and limit values

Describes possible mitigating measures.

Company Standard

Basic Principles of Pipeline Integrity;

Rules and Procedures for Verification

of Technical Pipeline Integrity

Non-Destructive Testing and Evaluation of Defect Geometry

Direct (Defect) Assessment Methods 76


Defect Measurement Using OPTO-CAM (3D Scanning)

Corrosion damage

Photo Measurement of corrosion

using light/laser scanning

Digital reproduction

(3D point cloud)

Calculation of stress

distribution in surface

using FEM



Finite Element Analysis

Unstable slopes

Bending

Buckling

Corrosion feature

assessment

Eigenvalue

Crack assessment

Vibration

analysis



On-Site Material Analysis

Hardness test

UCI method

Chemical analysis

Spark spectrometry

Micrograph at

surface



Monitoring – Field Measurements

Vibrations

Strain



Online monitoring

max.958

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000

03.0

2.1

999

24.0

2.1

999

17.0

3.1

999

07.0

4.1

999

28.0

4.1

999

19.0

5.1

999

09.0

6.1

999

30.0

6.1

999

21.0

7.1

999

11.0

8.1

999

01.0

9.1

999

22.0

9.1

999

13.1

0.1

999

03.1

1.1

999

24.1

1.1

999

15.1

2.1

999

05.0

1.2

000

26.0

1.2

000

16.0

2.2

000

08.0

3.2

000

29.0

3.2

000

19.0

4.2

000

10.0

5.2

000

31.0

5.2

000

21.0

6.2

000

12.0

7.2

000

02.0

8.2

000

23.0

8.2

000

13.0

9.2

000

04.1

0.2

000

25.1

0.2

000

15.1

1.2

000

06.1

2.2

000

27.1

2.2

000

17.0

1.2

001

07.0

2.2

001

28.0

2.2

001

21.0

3.2

001

11.0

4.2

001

02.0

5.2

001

23.0

5.2

001

Datum

Verg

leic

hsd

eh

nu

ng

(µ

m/m

)

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

Tem

pera

tur

(°C

)

Evg ME 6.1

Evg ME 6.2

Temp.(°C)

Evg 756 µm/m S=1,5

Trend in strain following stress relief

Temperature-induced stress

Stress relief following

mining subsidence

winter

summer



PIA2 - Assessment of Old Joints


82

Spannungsnachweis

Istwerte=Betriebsbedingungen

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

0 500 1000Leitungsmeter

N/m

m²

SigV_3 SigVd_2 SigGg3_3 SigGg3_3

until 1954 from 1955

+

Usage factor = (type of joint, diameter, pressure, wall thickness, grade, …)

Theoretical Load Real Behaviour

Metallography in Defect Analysis


83

Brittle

Analysis with

SEM and EDX

Failure analysis

Ductile/brittle

Fibers

Microstructure

Direct (Defect) Assessment Methods

Excavation Procedure (Corrosion Investigation)

Decision for excavation of MFL pig run feature

GPS localisation of feature

Conduction of

intensive measurement at

feature position +/- 50 m

Excavation

Corrosion study

(considering soil type, soil chemistry, type of coating, coating

condition, corrosion products, pH at coating defect and

underneath coating, scale formation, CP operational

parameters etc.)

84


Contents

OGE at a Glance, OGE Pipelines in Germany

Integrated Management System

Pipeline Design & Safety Philosophy

Pipeline Integrity Management System

Corrosion Control

Hydrostatic and Tightness Testing

Inline Inspection Techniques

Defect and Failure Investigation

Troubleshooting & Repair-Techniques

Conclusions


85

Repair Techniques

Repair of Small Defects

Grinding, Welding Patches,

Welding

Securing of Old Joints

Welding sphericial caps

Repair of Severe Defects

Split sleeve, hot sleeve,

pipe replacement

86


Repairing by Split Sleeve

X 80 Pipe

87


T-Joint

88


Gas flow: 106 m³/h

Same Good Behaviour of Welding X 70 and X 80 in Service

T-Joint 89


Testing of New Repair Method (“Hot Sleeve“), Example

Numeric simulation indicates

insufficient safety level “Hot sleeve”

Installation of

“hot sleeve”

Data transmission

For online monitoring

Hot Sleeve 90


Low Internal Pressure

Type „Ruhrgas“

High Internal Pressure

Type „Plidco“

High Internal Pressure and Coated

Pipe

Type „Manibs“

Temporary Repair Methods


91

Cutting Pipeline in Areas of Ground

Movement

Inliner in Pipeline

Repair Techniques


92

Closure of Filter

or Pigging traps

Construction

with Screws

Repairing in

Workshop

Cracks at

Welds

Repairing by

Grinding

Repairing in

Operation

Special Repair Techniques 93


Simulation and

Analysis Thermografy

in Operation

3-dimensional

Construction

Cracks at

Combustor

Repairing

in Workshop

Pressure Testing of New

Combustor

94


Special Repair Techniques

Contents

OGE at a Glance, OGE Pipelines in Germany

Integrated Management System

Pipeline Design & Safety Philosophy

Pipeline Integrity Management System

Corrosion Control

Hydrostatic and Tightness Testing

Inline Inspection Techniques

Defect and Failure Investigation

Troubleshooting & Repair-Techniques

Conclusions


95

Conclusions

Different Pipeline Standards Existing at OGE

Pipelines became older but are fully operational

Operation of pipeline for much more than 90 years is possible

Expert KnowHow for maintenance is very important

Intelligent strategies for operation of old and new pipelines are available at OGE

The DVGW technical rules (and the referenced standards) provide the

framework for construction, operation and maintenance of approx. 12,000 km of

Transmission pipelines

96


tpi - inogate - pa… · tpi landslid e weld defects corrosion old ac corrosion ... direct (defect)...

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