training bts 3.ppt
TRANSCRIPT
© Alcatel University - 8AS 90125 0189 VT ZZA Ed.01 1.1
Alcatel 9100 BTS Commissioning
1.2
BTS CommissioningCourse content
S1: Base Transceiver Station Introduction
S2: BTS Functional, Hardware description
S3: Preliminary Checks
S4:Checking power supply and power up S5: Commissioning test S5: Check antenna, output power
© Alcatel University - 8AS 90125 0189 VT ZZA Ed.01 1.3
1 Introduction
1.4
1 IntroductionSession presentation
Objective : to be able to identify the role and the situation of the BTS
Program :
1.1 Situation of the Evolium™ BTS
1.2 Functions of the Evolium™ BTS
1.3 Main characteristics of the Evolium™ BTS
1.5
GGSNGGSNIP GPRS IP GPRS
BackboneBackboneInternetInternet
Gb
SGSNSGSN
TC MSC
PublicPublicSwitchedSwitchedNetworkNetwork
AA-ter
A-bis
BSC
BSC
HLR
Alcatel 9135MFS
MSC
OMC-R
BTS
BTS
BTS
BTS
S1 : Introduction Situation of the BTS
1.6
AbisClock I/O
External alarms I/OBTS Terminal
BTS
Antennas
BTS
BTS
BTS
BTS
BTS
BTS
BTS
BTSBTS
BSC
Multipoint Configuration (Multidrop)
Chain Configuration
Sectorised Configuration
Star Configuration
Abis
Um
Cell split (2 BTS)
AbisAbis Abis
BTS
Satellite
S1: Introduction Situation of the BTS : Topology
1.7
BTS
S1 : Introduction Functions of the BTS
The Evolium™ BTS is designed to ensure an outstanding quality of service through very high radio performance and minimum service interruption, and to facilitate all kinds of evolution.
The BTS performs: The coverage of the radio transmission The management of air interface with the mobile The O&M functions
1.8
S1 : Introduction Features
Radio Performance 1/2
Support GSM900 (E-GSM), GSM1800 and GSM850 Dual band configurations Reception sensitivity -111 dBm DR (Dual Rate), EFR (Enhanced Full Rate); AMR HW Support several A5 ciphering algorithms (A5/0, A5/1 and
A5/2)
1.9
S1 : Introduction Features
Radio Performance 2/2
Radio (synthesized) frequency hopping Coverage solution to improve the output power
TRX GSM 1800 High Power Low-loss configuration Range Extension Kit (REK) Tower Mounted Amplifiers (TMA)
Antenna diversity
1.10
S1 : Introduction Features
Standard features 1/2
BTS autotests are improved Support the BTS auto_detection SW download (from BSC to BTS) without service
interruption 2 SW version kept in flash EPROM’s in SUM Fast restart after breakdown
1.11
S1 : Introduction Features
Standard features 2/2
On line extension / reduction Hot insertion / extension of all modules Bridge over of Abis connections in case of BTS switch off Intelligent power down concept in case of AC main power
failure Include the remote inventory Plug-in light indoor Unit (PIDU) of Microwave entity
1.12
S1 : Introduction Features
Evolution
GPRS ready EDGE ready by a simple “add TRE” UMTS ready Split Cell
1.13
S1: Introduction Features : Cell split over 2 BTSs (1/2)
Description The cell split feature provides the operator with the capability
to map sector/cells onto TRX belonging to 2 different BTS.
Benefits A BTS can have up to 12 TRX, whereas cells can be defined
with up to 16 TRX : the cell split feature allows to create or modify cells with up to 16 TRX.
There is no need to modify the configuration of the existing BTS when extending a site, in particular there is no need to change the cabling
1.14
CombiningANC
TRX 1 TRX 4
TRX 1 TRX 4
TRX 1 TRX 4
TRX 1 TRX 4
TRX 1 TRX 4
TRX 1 TRX 4
Sector 1: 1x 8 TRX
Cabinet 1Standard 4,4,4 TRX
Cabinet 2Standard 4,4,4 TRX
Sector 2: 1x 8 TRX Sector 3: 1x 8 TRX
CombiningANC
CombiningANC
CombiningANC
CombiningANC
CombiningANC
S1: Introduction Features : Cell split over 2 BTSs (2/2)
Example: 3x8 TRXs configuration with only 2 BTSs (cell split)
1.15
Extended cell
35 km to35 km
Outer cell
Inner cellInner cell
Handover relationship
70 km
Sector1
Sector2
S1 : Introduction Features : Extended Cell (1/3)
Definition Provides the continuous coverage minimizing the number of sites Allows reaching a coverage range of up to 70 km 2 Sector indoor BTS with up to 4 TRX/sector Outer cell sector to be configured as:
Low loss with REK, or Standard with TMA
Principle all traffic managed by BCCH of outer cell inner cell is barred (no access) all traffic managed by BCCH of outer cell receiver of inner cell BCCH is adjusted to
outer cell BCCH frequency
1.16
TRX 1 TRX 4
PDU
MAB MAB
TRX 1 TRX 2
Combining ANc
No-combining ANc
No-combining ANc
PDU
MAB MAB
TRX 1 TRX 2
Standard 1x4 TRX Low-loss 1x4 TRX + REK
REK
Outer cellInner cell
MAB Masthead Amplification BoxPDU Power distribution Unit
S1 : Introduction Features : Extended Cell (2/3)
Extended cell Evolium™ BTS using Range Extension Kit (REK)
1.17
Combining ANc
TRX 1 TRX 4
Combining ANc
PDU
TMA TMA
TRX 1 TRX 2
Standard 1x4 TRX Standard 1x4 TRX + TMA
TMA
Outer cellInner cell
S1 : Introduction Features : Extended Cell (3/3)
Extended cell Evolium™ BTS using Tower Mounted Amplifier (TMA)
© Alcatel University - 8AS 90125 0189 VT ZZA Ed.01 1.18
2 Functional, Hardware Architecture
1.19
Functional Architecture
1.20
2.1 Functional Architecture Session presentation
Objective : to be able to identify the functional subsets of the BTS
Program : 2.1.1 BTS architecture 2.1.2 Telecommunication 2.1.3 Operation and maintenance 2.1.4 Transmission 2.1.5 Antenna network 2.1.6 Remote Inventory, RF cable detection
1.21
Abis BTS - BSC InterfaceSUM Station Unit ModuleTRANS TransmissionClock ClocksOMU Operation and Maintenance UnitTRE Transceiver EquipmentAN Antenna NetworkBTS_TE BTS Terminalalso called LMT (Local Maintenance Terminal)
AN
OMU
TRANS
BTS_TE
Abis
SUM
TRE
CLOCK
S2 : Functional architectureBTS Overall architecture
1.22
Speech Processing
SpeechTranscoding
Rate Adaptation
Transmission
&
TranscoderFonctions
ChannelEncoding Interleaving Encryption Modulation Transmission
SpeechTranscoding
Rate Adaptation
ChannelDecoding
De- Interleaving
Dencryption Demodulation Reception
* Some uplink fonctions are duplicate for Antena Diversity.
Duplexing
S2 : Functional architectureTelecommunication
1.23
S2 : Functional architectureTelecommunication
Speech Processing Speech Transcoding
The TC performs speech transcoding on the TCH in both directions. It realizes the coding of the TCH by TCH/F or TCH/H
Rate adaptation Adapts the TC data rate to the speech frame format used on the Air Interface 64 kbps to 16kbps (vice-versa).
Channel Encoding & Decoding Produces a string of encoded TDMA bursts for transmission over the Air Interface
Interleaving / De-interleaving Applied to improve the error detection rate Except the the burst which carries the BCCH
Encryption / Decryption Used to protect the confidentiality of the messages on the Air Interface Three options are possible in accordance with the GSM Rec. 03.20 :
Two algorithms A5/1or A5/2 for encryption A5/0 no encryption
1.24
S2 : Functional architectureOperation & Maintenance
The O&M functions monitor and control the operation of the BTS :
Configuration management Fault management External alarm handling
1.25
S2 : Functional architectureOperation & Maintenance
The O&M Configuration Management Function handles the following tasks:
Central command Control Configuration / Initialisation File Handling Data base Remote Inventory and RF Cabling Detection Live Insertion and Removal of modules Hardware extension / Reduction
1.26
S2 : Functional architectureOperation & Maintenance
The Fault Management Function handles the following tasks:
Alarm detection and Correlation Alarm Reporting Alarm Translation Module Power Supply Control
1.27
S2 : Functional architectureOperation & Maintenance
External Alarm Handling External Alarm Connections provide a mechanical/electrical
interface between the Dedicated Alarm and Control Handling function. These external alarm sources include the cabinet door switch, smoke detector, etc .
Translation of the SBL to Hardware Element This function allows the translation of the SBL received from
the BSC to the modules defined in the architecture
1.28
S2 : Functional architectureTransmission
To ensure the connection of the BTS to the BSC, both are connected by a Abis interface at 2 Mbps.
This interface is supervised by transmission functions at BTS and BSC
This interface handles the transfer of traffic and signalling data
The 2 Mbps bandwidth of the Abis Interface is used as 32 time slot, each of 64 kbps.
1.29
S2 : Functional architectureTransmission
Multiplexing On the Downlink / Uplink, the BSC transmission functions multiplexes
and de-multiplexes the data onto the Abis Interface. At the BTS the data is de-multiplexed / multiplexed by the BTS
transmission functions
Signalling Signalling frames are sent
via the RSL between the BSC and the baseband functions One RSL is required for each BTS carrier
Via the OML between the BSC and the O&M functions Only one OML is used by BTS
1.30
S2 : Functional architectureTransmission
Traffic Time slots not used for signalling information are available
to carry traffic. For this purpose, each 64 kbps slot is divided into four 16 kbps nibbles.
For TCH/F each time slot is shared between four full rate TCHs For TCH/H each time slot is shared between eight half-rate TCHs
1.31
S2 : Functional architectureAntenna Network
The main functions of the AN are: Downlink
Isolation of the transmitters from the receivers Combining of two transmitters to connect them to single antenna Duplexing to allow transmitters and receivers to share the same
antenna Power coupling and detection to sample the VSWR forward and
reflected power
Uplink Pre-amplification to amplify the received signal and control the
overall gain of the antenna network Splitting to distribute the received signal to a pair of receivers
1.32
S2 : Functional architectureRemote Inventory
Auto identification Auto identification is the capability of the BTS to recognise
by it self: For each managed module, both RIT type and RIT location, The sector to which each ANC belongs to, The mapping TRE/ANC All the BTS HW and SW capabilities.
Most of the information, mainly capabilities and module type versions, are retrieved by the Remote Inventory function. The mapping is retrieved with the help of the RF cabling detection.
© Alcatel University - 8AS 90125 0189 VT ZZA Ed.01 1.33
Hardware Architecture
1.34
2.2 Hardware Architecture Session presentation
Objective : to be able to identify the hardware modules of the BTS
Program : 2.2.1 Introduction 2.2.2 Station unit (SUM) 2.2.3 Telecommunication unit (TRE) 2.2.4 Antenna network unit (ANY) 2.2.5 Antenna network unit (ANC) 2.2.6 BTS external connections 2.2.7 Fan units 2.2.8 BTS Specific Hardware
1.35
S3 : Hardware architectureIntroduction
The Architecture of the Alcatel 9100 Base Station is based on three levels:
Antenna Coupling Network level Duplexers stage (ANC) Combiners stage (ANY)
Transceiver (TRX) level Base station Control Function (BCF) level
1.36
TRX level
Antennacouplinglevel
BCF level
ANc
Air interface
ANc
TRX TRX TRX TRX
ANy
TRXTRXTRXTRX
ANyRFI
RFI
RFITRX TRX TRX TRX
SUM FACB
BTS-RI
Interface Abis
XIOBBTS-CAor COAR
BSII
S3 : Hardware architectureIntroduction
1.37
S3 : Hardware architectureStation Unit Module (SUM)
Main Functions
Generating the clocks for all other BTS modules: the clocks can be either synchronised to an external clock
reference, e.g. Abis link, or another BTS, or generated in a pure free run mode by an internal frequency
generator.
Ensuring central BTS O&M application Handling the Abis transmission links Handling OML (Operation and Maintenance Link) and Qmux
protocols (transmission equipment supervision)
1.38
S3 : Hardware architectureStation Unit Module (SUM)
Features
Only one SUM for all BTS sectors (Station Unit Sharing) GPS Options on the main board Abis extension or HDSL Options on baby board USB access (for factory autotest today) Control the AC/DC function Control and Set the optimal voltage and current for battery
charging
1.39
S3 : Hardware architectureStation Unit Module (SUM)
SUMA block diagram
1.40
S3 : Hardware architectureStation Unit Module (SUM)
SUMA Front View
1.41
S2 : Hardware architectureTelecommunication Unit (TRE)
Main FunctionsBase band processing and RF processing :
Radio resource management Burst coding/decoding, encryption/decryption,
modulation/demodulation, power control and ramping, DTX ...
Terrestrial link management Transcoding and rate adaptation, LAPD management
16 & 64 kbps with static and statistical submultiplexing
Telecom TRX management Overload management, Telecom configuration/
reconfiguration, RSL management
Analogue signal processing Analogue transmitter, analogue receiver, loop for RF supervision
1.42
S3 : Hardware architectureTelecommunication Unit (TRE)
TRE basic architecture
TRED
BSII
CLKI
HFFI
PSI
BCB
LEDS
TREA
TREP
FHL
ADR
PRI
CUIRCD
RFI
DEBUG
I²CA
PSWITCH
1.43
S3 : Hardware architectureTelecommunication Unit (TRE)
Several variants of TRE following band and power:
Variant Band (MHz) Power (Watt) Output level (dBm)
TRGM 900 35 W 45.44dBm +/-0.5dB
TRDM 1800 37 W 45.69dBm +/-0.5dB
TRPM 1900 35 W 45.44dBm +/-0.5dB
TRDH 1800 63,5 W 48.03dBm +/-0.75dB
1.44
S3 : Hardware architectureTelecommunication Unit (TRE)
Several variants of TRE following band and power:
Variant Band (MHz) Power (Watt) Output level (dBm)
TRAG 900 45 W 46.5 dBm +/-0.5dB
TRAD 1800 35 W 45.4dBm +/-0.5dB
TRAP 1900 45 W 46.5 dBm +/-0.5dB
TRAL 850 45 W 46.5 dBm +/-0.5dB
TRAH 1800 60 W 47.7 dBm +/-0.5dB
1.45
S3 : Hardware architectureAntenna Network Unit (ANY)
The twin Wide Band Combiner module (ANY) The ANY combines up to four transmitters into two outputs,
and distributes the two received signals up to four receivers.
Splitter
Splitter
WBC
TX RXn RXd TRE 1
TX RXn RXd TRE 2
Splitter
Splitter
WBC
TX RXn RXd TRE 3
TX RXn RXd TRE 4
TXA RXA TXBRXdivA RXB RXdivB
1.46
S3 : Hardware architectureAntenna Network Unit (ANY)
RX0AIN
RX1AIN
RX0AOUT1
RX1AOUT1RX0AOUT2
RX1AOUT2
RX0BIN
RX1BINRX0BOUT1
RX1BOUT1
RX0BOUT2
RX1BOUT2
TXAOUT
TXAIN1
TXAIN2
TXBOUT
TXBIN1
TXBIN2
SERIAL NBR LABEL
MNEMONIC LABEL
FROM/TOTRE
FROM/TOANX
FROM/TOANX
FROM/TOTRE
FROM/TOTRE
FROM/TOTRE
1.47
S3 : Hardware architectureAntenna Network Unit (ANC)
The Antenna Network Combiner (ANC) module
Duplexing transmit and receivepaths onto common antennas
Providing filtering for the transmit and the receive paths
Combining if necessary output of the transmitters
Supervising antennas VSWR
1.48
S3 : Hardware architectureAntenna Network Unit (ANC)
Antenna network Combiner ANC – No-combining mode
ANTENNA ATXA - RXA - RXdivB
ANTENNA BTXB - RXB - RXdivA
TX RXn RXd
TRE 1
Splitter
Splitter
SplitterWBC
LNA
FilterFilter
Duplexer
Splitter
Splitter
Splitter WBC
LNA
Filter Filter
DuplexerVSWR
Detector
µProcessor& Memory
BCBInterface
DC/DCConverter
BSII BCB -48V
Rxd RXn Tx
TRE 2
1.49
S3 : Hardware architectureAntenna Network Unit (ANC)
Antenna network Combiner ANC – Combining mode
ANTENNA ATXA - RXA - RXdivB
ANTENNA BTXB - RXB - RXdivA
TX RXn RXd
TRE 1
Splitter
Splitter
SplitterWBC
LNA
FilterFilter
Duplexer
Splitter
Splitter
Splitter WBC
LNA
Filter Filter
DuplexerVSWR
Detector
µProcessor& Memory
BCBInterface
DC/DCConverter
BSII BCB -48V
Rxd RXn Tx
TRE 2TX RXn RXd
TRE 2Rxd RXn Tx
TRE 2
1.50
S3 : Hardware architectureAntenna Network Unit (AN)
Losses due to the Antenna Network (AN)
Module Transmission loss (dB)
ANC 4.4
ANC no bridge 1
ANX 1
ANY 3.3
Radio cables
TRE-AN
AN-AN
AN-Antenna
0.3
0.2
0.5
1.51
S3 : Hardware architectureBTS External Connections
XIOB : External Input Output Board
External Input/Output
Interface Group
External Clock
Interface Group
Abis InterfaceGroup
1.52
S3 : Hardware architectureBTS External Connections : XIOB Variant
Circuit Breakers
DC Filter Connectors AC ImputDC Output -48 V / 200W max
External DC
External Battery
DC Filter Connectors
DC Output -48 V / 200W max
1.53
S3 : Hardware architectureBTS External Connections
Cabinet Top view Indoor
Top Fan BackplaneTop Fan (x6)Fan Cover
Ground Bolt
Sector n/ASector n/BSector p/ASector n/B
Interconnection Panel AC or DC Connectors,Depending on CIMA variant
AntennaConnector
AntennaConnector
Sector q/ASector q/BSector r/ASector r/B
1.54
S3 : Hardware architectureFan units
Temperature Control
The Alcatel 9100 BTS is equipped with a forced-air cooling system which is composed of 2 RITs.
A FANU consists of a mouled-plastic frame containing 2 fans. The FANUs are usually installed in groups of 3. They are normally situated below the subracks containing TREs.
A FACB board which monitors the fans and provides power and digital speed control of the Fans independently of each other. Each FACB controls 3 FANUs.
1.55
S3 : Hardware architectureFan units
FAN UNIT FAN UNIT FAN UNIT
FACB
FACBs
FANsBTSCA
BTSCA
MINI BTS MEDI BTS
1.56
S3 : Hardware architecture Interconnection in the BTS
POWER SUPPLY
FUSE
XIOB
X310
X311
X102
X100X101
X300
X301
X302
X303
X103 X104X105
X106 X107X110
X200X201X202X203
X220
ABIS1ABIS2ABIS3ABIS4
ABIS1&2ABIS3&4
XCLK2 1
XCLK
XCLK1
IN
OUT
IN
/OUT
XBCB
XRT
XGPS
BTSCA
X100
X101
ALARM INPUTS
ALARM INPUTSALARM OUTPUTS
XBCB SIGNALS
EBCB SIGNALS24 V
VCC BCBVCC CA
ABIS1/2
BTS
CON
E
I
AR
N
CT
ON
AE
BTS
I
R
N
T
A
E
L
M
TEST
OML
O
M&
OMU
PS1
ABIS 1
ABIS 2
TRANS FAULT
PS2
TEST PURPOSE
X100
X101
X109
X110
X111
TFBP
X110X111 X112
FACBTOP
BACK PANEL
FACB
3 connectors forFAN UNITS
3 connectors forFAN UNITS
BTSRI
SUMP
EBCB
XBCB
OTHERBACK PANELS
(SUBRACK N°2)
BCBBSII
CLKsADRESS
ABIS1&2XCLKs/XRT/XGPS/EBCB
LIGHTNING PROTECTIONS
RELAYS
1.57
S3 : Hardware architecture Specific Hardware : BTS AC Indoor
MBI 5(5 subracks)
12 TRXs capacity
MBI 3(3 subracks)
8 TRXs capacity
1.58
S3 : Hardware architecture Specific Hardware : ACIB Diagram
© Alcatel University - 8AS 90125 0189 VT ZZA Ed.01 1.59
Configurations
1.60
TRE TRE TRE TRE
ANC
TRETRE TRE TRE
FAN FAN. FAN.
CONNECTION AREA
US
MA ANC
92 cm
S2 : Configurations
Mini indoor 1x4 900 or 1800
1.61
TRETRE TRE TRE
FAN FAN FAN
CONNECTION AREA
USMA ANC
TRETRE TRE TRE
FAN FAN FAN
TRETRE TRE TRE
FAN FAN FAN
ANC ANC
194 cm
TRE TRE TRE TRE
ANC
TRE TRE TRE TRE
ANC
TRE TRE TRE TRE
ANC
S2 : Configurations
Medi indoor 3x4 900 or 1800
1.62
TRETRE TRE TRE
FAN FAN FAN
CONNECTION AREA
USMA ANC
TRETRE TRE TRE
FAN FAN FAN
TRETRE TRE TRE
FAN FAN FAN
ANC
1234
56
TRE TRE TRE TRE
ANC
TRE TRE
ANYANY
TRE TRE TRE TRE
ANC
TRE TRE
ANYANY
S2 : Configurations
Medi indoor 2x6 900 or 1800
1.63
TRETRE
FAN FAN FAN
CONNECTION AREA
USMA ANC
FAN FAN FAN
TRETRE TRE TRE
FAN FAN FAN
ANC ANC
194 cm
TRE TRE
ANC
TRE TRE
ANC
TRE TRE
ANC
S2 : Configurations
Medi indoor 2x4 900 or 1800 low loss
1.64
TRDHTRDH
FAN FAN FAN
CONNECTION AREA
USMA ANC
FAN FAN FAN
TRDHTRDH TRDH
FAN FAN FAN
ANC ANC
TRDM TRDH TRDM
TRDMTRDH
TRDH
ANC
TRDM
TRDH
TRDH
ANC
TRDM
TRDH
TRDH
ANC
TRDM
S2 : Configurations
Medi indoor 3x3 1800 high power
1.65
TRE TRE TRE TRE
ANC
TRE TRE TRE TRE
ANC
TRE TRE TRE TRE
ANC
194 cm
TRETRE TRE TRE
FAN FAN FAN
CONNECTION AREA
USMA ANC
TRETRE TRE TRE
FAN FAN FAN
TRETRE TRE TRE
FAN FAN FAN
ANC ANC
ANC
2
1 2 1
14
23
2
4 4 11
23 3
ANC 1 and ANC 2 are set to the same sector 1GSM 1800/900
ANC 3 and ANC 4 are set to the same sector 2GSM 1800/900
S2 : Configurations
Medi indoor Multiband 2x(..2/..4)
© Alcatel University - 8AS 90125 0189 VT ZZA Ed.01 1.66
S3: Preliminary Checks
1.67
3. Preliminary Checks Session presentation
Objective : to be able to descibles preparation for the operation of commissioning
Program : 3.1 At base 3.2 On arrival at the site
Preliminary Checks
1.68
3. Preliminary Checks Session presentation
At Base : Check that prerequite 3.2 On arrival at the site
Preliminary Checks