Training Materials Prepared and Presented by

Singha Raj UpretyFormer Senior Dirctor, NASC

Identification and Pre-selection of Projects -

I

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Session Objectives

Conceptual underpinnings of

plan, programme and project

Identification of projects

Selection of appropriate project

Necessity of project screening.

Plan, Programme, and Project (PPP)

Plan? A plan is a vision or imagination of a planner to represent the form or feature of desired situation.

proposal sru 3

Plan

Presentsituation

Desired situation

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Plan Program and Project

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Reduce city pollution by 80%Plan

To reduce by 80% we need

• Garbage management• Traffic management• Clean transport system• Loose-foot markets mgmt• Street dogs and animals mgmt• Security mgmt• ……………….

Program

Projects

Success of plan, programme and projects

Success of a plan largely depends upon the:

visionary clarity of planner/s consistent set of programs and projectsadequacy of resources (fin, tech, human, infrastructures, information, management and environmental niche )

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Generally, projects can be identified in relation to:

•improve knowledge, skills and attitude of people;•mobilize and/or optimize the value of available resources;

Project identification

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•meet the unmet demand or supply of goods or services;• extend or expand business or service facilities;•protect environment, prevent or mitigate natural and human induced disasters;• earn money, name and fame ;• follow the policy of Gos and I/NGOs

Project identification

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• act on the recommendations forwarded by research findings, workshop, seminar etc; • act on political (national and international) pressure;•materialize unique and innovative idea

(e.g. the Gramin Bank of Bangladesh);

• transfer appropriate technology; • settle civil unrest or work for peace building;

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• support international mandates like poverty reduction, climate change, environmental protection, good governance, social inclusion, implementation of international protocols and so on;

Project identification

Projects may be for meeting utilitarian value and emotional benefit

Projects may be identified to:

Make/ save money, save time, avoid effort, get more comfort, improve health, be popular, enrich beatitude, protect assets, satisfy curiosity, satisfy appetite, avoid trouble, avoid criticism, protect reputation, grasp opportunities, satisfy ego, build goodwill / image, increase enjoyment, perform development works, resolve conflict and so on.

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Sources of Projects Agency- based

Interaction-based

Opportunity/ Situation based

LEVEL?

SECTOR?

PROJECTSSupply-driven Demand based

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Industrial or Non-industrial

Goods

producin

g

or S

ervic

e

provid

ing

Private or

Public

or Mixed

Profit or

Service oriented

Projects

Project Screening

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Reasons for project screening

anticipate, acquire and allocate

resources in an effective and efficient way

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Basic considerations in selecting a project

From investigators’ view point Project is of your interest It matches with your academic background

You have got experience in this field (theory+practice)

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From organizational standpoint

project is in tune with the national and organizational goal

resources are at hand to commit

gets support of stakeholders to execute it.

From relevancy standpoint

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Selected project is of quite significance

Project is feasible from different angles

Project is of innovative nature

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Sources to funding the selected projects

Projects

NGOs

International NGOs

PrivateInvestors

Government Organizations

.

Public private partnership

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Worksheet #

Name of project Project location

Context (impact study feasibility, ….)

Probable supporting agency

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List the name of any two projects those are of your interest either from individual or official or community ground.

Exercise

Instruction I

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Instruction II

Select projects as per the guidance of your facilitator

In selecting the project/s consider the importance of selected project in relation to :

POVERTY REDUCTION, EMPLOYMENT, SOCIAL INCLUSION, ENVIRONMENT AND CLIMATE FRIENDLY, LEGALLY AMICABLE…

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Rapid appraisal considerations for your selected project

Major points to be taken into consideration while doing a cursory appraisal of your project before starting to write proposal..

• Technically feasible

• Financially profitable

• Economically beneficial

• Socially acceptable

• Politically neutral

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Proposal Appraisal considerations

• Poverty responsive• Socially inclusive • Market sustainable• Environmentally friendly • Free from legal barriers• Manageable from

organizational and working point of view

23Thanks for your due attention

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My publications.

• Guidelines for Improving Your Skills in Project Proposal Writing with LFA, Report Writing and Report Presentation Fifth and Enlarged Edition 2008,

• In Nepali version also 2006

• Daibi Prokop Tatha Prokop Vayvasthapan, 2062 B.S. (Disaster and Disaster Management: General Concept

and Nepalese Context, in Nepali).

• Fundamentals of Monitoring and Evaluation, 2nd Edition

• People's Participation: Lesson for Better Planning published in 1999 by NASC.

Proposal Preparation

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Identification and Pre-selection of Projects - II

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1 Determine project topic

Decide its mode of operationFeasibility StudyBaseline Survey StudyAwareness Creation Work ImplementationImpact EvaluationOthers ……. proposal -sruprety

Steps in Project Proposal Writing

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A Proposal for Ostrich Farmingin Kerua Village

(A Feasibility Study)

A Proposal for raising Ostrichin Kerua Village

A Proposal for the Impact Evaluation Study

of Ostrich production in Kerua Village

Examples to set project titles

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2 Give introduction of selected project

•General introduction

•Specific introduction

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3. State the problem or situation benefit of your project

Some projects are to be selected to solve dire need (Meet the demand of milk, meat, manure etc.)Some are selected to improve situation e.g. (bread improvement).Some are selected to reap better benefit. (quality livestock).

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4. Set objective/s (general objective followed by specific objectives)

* bring an improvement* increase in living standard* empower poor/women* reduce poverty* raise awareness, etc.

Instance of setting general objective

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Raise 100 cows of “X” variety in Harkatar within January 2016

Produce 5000 cow milk per day Establish a veterary health service centre to

serve 200 cattles a day Plant 300 masla tree either sides of 2 km roads

or location A to B Increase per capita income of … from Rs 1000

to1300 per yearRemember always the "SMART" formula while

setting specific objective/s.

Instances of setting specific objectives

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5. Indicate immediate outputs in quantity and quality from the project and expected other benefits (rationale)

6. Select appropriate method of implementatio to suit the set specific objective/s

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Alternative Methodological

Options

Alternative methodological options for feasibility study or impact evaluation study

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Some popular methods

* Sample survey* Opinion collection * Observation * In-depth study* Rapid Appraisal* Secondary information * Seminar or workshop* Experiment* Group interviews * Interview with key informants

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Alternative methodological options for projects intended to raise awareness

Training, Seminar, Workshop etc.

Education (formal or informal/non-formal)

Communication (verbal, non-verbal, press media, electronic media etc.)

Demonstration (model, drama etc.)

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Alternative methodological options for project implementation

Implementation plan one-shot or phase-based organization structure and staffing

patternrules and regulations activity and time schedulingmonitoring, evaluation and reporting

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Implementing agency GO, I/NGO, joint collaboration, people's participation, others.

Implementing approach by project office, contract out, donor or funding agency involvement, if any... ?

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7. Estimate required resources and budget

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Example of a simple Work ScheduleTime in week/month/year

Activity 1 2 3 4 5

A

B

C

D

8. Set work schedule

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9. State the M&E system to be used while implementing your project

10. Mention limitations or assumptions or risk factors while implementing your project

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InputsActivities

Outputs/ Results

Purpose / Objectives

Goal

Important Assumptions/ RisksMeans of

Verification(MOV)

Objectively Verifiable Indicators(OVI)

NSNarrative Summary

11. Put it in logmatrix

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In summary, now we can explain about the :1. Concept of PPP (plan, program,

project))2. Project identification and

sources of projects3. Project selection process4. Guiding steps for writing a

project proposal42proposal -sruprety

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I Got it

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