transforming thana culture

8/6/2019 Transforming Thana Culture

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Thana Culture:

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Thana Culture:

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Thana Culture:

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Colonial Police

Stations;

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But We Want ...

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Where people feel comfortable enter,

Police stations ...;

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Where they receive a courteousreception,

Police stations ........;

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Where their concerns are heard withsympathy

and

Police stations .............;

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Where their problems are solvedefficiently

Police stations ...............;

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Transforming Thana

Culture:

Reconnecting Police and People

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Proposal

Mian Masroor SaeedDr Shafqat Qamar

Transforming Thana Culture:

June 2011

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. proposal outlinesi) challengesii) bottom-up

measures

Professional & Administrativeconsultation lead to;

Interim policy including

business plan Pilot project

Feed backs and Professional

& Administrativeconsultation lead to;1212


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Transforming ThanaCulture:

1

The challenges

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(i) Registration of cases:

(ii) Police behaviour

(iii) Lack of skills, Investigation incompetence(iv) Lack of resources (man, money material)

(v) Corruption Chains

(vi) Accountability

(vii) Laws, rules, regulations and policies(viii) Awareness and participation of local

community

(ix) Lack of missionary spirit

(x) Police stations buildings:

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(i) Registration ofcases

Police prevent anddetect only cognisablecases.

non-cognisablecases,

no action is 1515


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(i) Registration of

cases-to keep the crime graph down onpaper positive picture ofperformance

-Money from opposite party-Political /administration pressure

Lead to

negative impact on the entire criminaljustice system

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(ii)

Police culture

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The challenges

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(ii) Police culture

BEHAVIOUR;

Abusive language

Rude attitudeNon cooperative

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(ii) Police culture

Torture

for obtaining facts

for obtaining moneyfor confession.innocent

HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS

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(ii) Police culture

March 10, 2010

Justice Sair Ali of Supreme Court (SC)

has remarked thana (police station)culture will stand changed when thefloggers are flogged.

Torture

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(ii) Police culture

1. for First Information report(FIR)2. to get release from falsearrest

4. to avoid false arrest5. for Police verification forpassport6. to take down a complaint

7. to be paid to avoid arrest8. to arrest accused9. to get character certificatefor immigration10. for Police verification for

job

Corruption;

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1

The challenges(iii)

Lack of skills

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Lack of skills

Two tier cadre-Top tier (PSP) less than 1% of the total forcelack operational experience full authority, no responsibility, no accountability

-Lower tier constables, who make up 87% of the forcereceive basic training of marching, discipline and little skills development . little authority orresponsibility

-Lower tier investigators (ASI, SI, Inspector) make up 13% of the forceauthority and responsibility without professional skills

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Lack of skills

Key skillsEffective Communication

Community and CustomerFocus

Personal Responsibility

ResilienceProblem solving

Respect for Diversity

Teamwork 2424


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InvestigationIncompetence

Lack of skills

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Lack of skills

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Lack of skills

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Police do not undertake lengthy andcomplex investigations on their owninitiative

Police lack basic investigative or crimescene management skills

training of new recruits largely focusedon rudimentary physical training andnot on the cultivation of skills13% of Police force have

investigative skills without anyethical consideration

Lack of skills

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1

Challenges

(iv) Lack of resources(man money material)

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Lack of resources

(man money material)

Out of 180,000 police in the Punjab,only 40,000 stationed in police

stations.

The head of police training

schools/academies are from supervisory PSPcadres, who lack operational experiences,training skills and motivational attitude.

Outdated Weapons,Miserable Police patrolling vehicles

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Lack of resources

(man money material)

Crime victims cover the cost oftransportation and basic supplies

for police

Rely on local political patrons for basic resources

Salary . .

Police expected to work unlimited hours

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Corruption Chains

1Challenges

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Corruption Chains1. Junior police take bribe from public

and criminal gangs2. Senior ranking officers involved in

taking bribe on monthly basis fromjuniors3. Some police stations sold to most

corrupt junior officers4. Trainee recruits forced to pay Rs

3000-4000 monthly bribes

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Accountability:

Individual-level

accountabilityAgency-level

accountability

1Challenges

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Accountability:

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Accountability:

Individual-levelaccountability

Punishments are meant for the PPOs while theluxuries and comforts of bungalows and carsare for those who really have no stake in thesystem. Even if allegations of corrupt practicesare proven against any PSP officer, the officer is

1. ACRs/PER (Performance Evaluation Report)2. Disciplinary Punishments (for junior cadre only)3. Public Safety commissions (non functioning)4. Anticorruption Establishment (non effective)5. Chief Minister/Executive, Parliaments and its members

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Accountability:

Individual-levelaccountability

1. ACRs/PER (Performance Evaluation Report) Statutory dofor senior cadre

2. Disciplinary Punishments (for junior & Senior cadre)3. Police Ombudsman4. Intelligence monitoring

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Accountability:

Agency-levelaccountability

1- Police Ombudsman

2- Academic Attachment with localUniversitiesPublic satisfaction surveys, crime surveys etcEvaluation and improvement of the pilot project,final project

Helping in improving training standards of police

3- Criminal Justice System Reform (CJSR)CellIntelligence monitoring

Academic monitoringThink Tank policy formulation evaluation3838


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Accountability:

Agency-levelaccountability

Cont...1. Public Safety commissions2. Chief Minister/Executive, Parliaments and its membe3. Criminal Justice Coordination Committee4. Police Citizen liaison Committee5. Courts

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Laws rules regulationsand policies

1Challenges

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Awareness and participation of local

community

1Challenges

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Awareness and participation of

local community

Public is ignorant and totally unaware of govtpolicy formulation processes.

Their perception is thatthey are being governed by colonial type ofmanagement.

People do not trust police in any capacity and

People are not ready to participate in any activityrequested by the Police.

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Lack of dedication motivation and

missionary spirit

1Challenges

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Police Stations:

1Challenges

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Police stations buildings:

No proper reception orseating arrangementsfor visiting public

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For

Public Friendly Police Reforms

Public FriendlyInstitution

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Public FriendlyInstitutions

Statutory Public Complaint System

Internal Accountability of all ranks

External of institution and all ranks

Professional Bureaucratic

Independent of external influences

Financially resourceful

Focus on solving public problem not merely implementationof law

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Police Complaint Cell

Police Ombudsman

2Statutory Complaint

System

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System

The majority of complaints against policeofficers need to be investigated throughinternal investigation within police department

in line with Home Department guidance.

Police Inspectorate should monitor complaintpatterns for individual officers. Those withhigher than average numbers or worryingpatterns are identified and inquiries are made

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System

1- Structure

2- Functioning

3- Monitoring and Evaluation

4- Accountability

5- Public Perception Survey

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Police Ombudsman


System

It is not part of any government department;

It is an entirely separate public body; It is independent of the police service; Its decisions cannot be overruled apart

from by a court of law;The Police Ombudsman has its own

investigation teams that enable it to choose

to investigate incidents of alleged police5252

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Police Ombudsman


System

1- Structure

2- Functioning

3- Monitoring and Evaluation

4- Accountability

5- Public Perception Survey

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1. Allocating sufficient budget for stationary, fuel,investigation expenses and other contingencies

2-Upgrading patrolling vehicles and arms

3-Establshing Computer room

4- Installation of CCTV system

5- Reception with drinking water and seating

3:Allocating resources for

police stations

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In developed countries recruitment of police officers isdone only at one level and that is at the bottom.Candidates have to have a minimum of 12 years ofschooling. Go through police academy training and start asa constable. These constables can rise all the way to chiefof police. There is no recruitment in between. That is what

we need in Pakistan but not now.

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Improving recruitmentand training standards

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Right now we recommend that bestlot of constables from reserve maybe trained to UK standard.....

.....to be posted in Police Stations

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1-Basic Requirements; including age, education,domicile, eyesight, driving licence, criminalrecord

2-Standard Entrance Test of Language,Information Handling, Numeracy3-Physical Fitness Test

Recruitment

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4


1. Police training culture should have highestmoral values2. UK training Standards should be followed.3. Commonwealth Manual of Human rights on

Police Training should be incorporated in

training.4. Problem based learning manual for

training and evaluating police traineeshould be made part of training.

Training standards

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Raising InvestigationStandards1. Updating Investigation Manuals2. Improving Individual Police Officer

(all member)s skills3. Strengthening Investigation

Department

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Increasing InternalAccountability1-ACRs and Disciplinary Proceeding

of lower ranksPunitive verses corrective action

against junior officers

2-Supervising officers ACRsSupervising officers dossier should

have worse remarks if they areunable to handle public complaints,unable to improve publicsatisfaction and unable to eradicatetorture cell within or outside theirconcerned police stations.

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Establishing Agency-level oversight system1- Academic Attachment with localUniversities

Public satisfaction surveys, crimesurveys etc

Evaluation and improvement of thepilot project, final project

Helping in improving trainingstandards of police

2- Police Ombudsman

3- Criminal Justice System Reform(CJSR) Cell

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8Updating Police Order

2002, Police Rules1934 & CPC 1898

1. CPC 1898; Constable will beempowered to register the case and

to do further investigation ofordinary cases.

2. All the criminal cases irrespective ofcognizable or non cognizable be

registered.3. Best constable will be selected from

reserve constabulary who will begiven refresher training of UKstandard about policing and

investigation. These will beappointed in police stations. Noneed of fresh recruitment.

4. Police Order 2002 will be amendedto replace;

- Public Safet Commissions with6262

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9Developing modern

Police Codes &Manuals

1. U.N. Code of Conduct (a Guide to Law

Enforcement Worldwide )

1. Police be empowered to use caution orreprimand in order;

. to deal quickly and simply with less seriousoffenders;

. to divert them from unnecessary appearancein the criminal courts; and

. to reduce the chances of their re-offending

3. Police be encouraged for local resolution6363

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Upgrading policestation buildings1. Respectable reception2- Dignified seating arrangement for

public

3- Reception walls having clearlyvisible information for publicregarding Police Complaint Policy,

Police Ombudsman ComplaintProcedure and theircontact details.

4- Eight hour shifts be introduced inpolice stations. 6464

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Learning lessons fromexperiences

1-UK

2- South Africa,

3- Ireland Police Ombudsman

4- New members of EU

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Awareness and

Participation of LocalCommunityCitizen Police liaison committee

Citizen Advice Bureaus

1. Watching of suspicious or criminalactivity,

2. Reporting crime and cooperation withPolice

3. Encouraging citizen for utilizing ofcomplaint process .

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14Implementation

strategyFunctions of Criminal Justice

Reform Cell

1. Coordination between different wingsof government, academic institutionsconsultants and public;

2. Receive suggestion, feed back andevaluation from all stack holders;

3. Monitor the operation and effect of itspilot project and draw conclusions;

4. Watching of watchdogs throughstatutory performance standards;

5. Promote awareness of transformingthana culture among the masses;and.

6. Preparation of interim policy and later6767

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14Implementation

strategy1. Phase-1

Pilot projectPolice stations of one rural and one

urban subdivision (Gujar Khan and PindiBhattian)

Amendments CPC 1898 regarding registration of FIR

and providing constable responsibilityof preliminary investigation.

Police Order 2002

-Replacing of Japan modal PublicSafety Commission with Irish modalPolice Ombudsman & South AfricaIndependent Complaint Directorate-Introduction ofStatutory complaintsystem 6868

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14Implementation

strategy1. Phase-1

Improving existing rules or

developing new laws

1. Police code of ethics2. Police investigation manual,3. UK/South African type

performance indicators and4. Statutory guidance on arrest,

search, house raids etc.

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14Implementation

strategy1. Phase-1

1. Refresher training of existingconstables for pilot projectimplementation.

2. Police station buildings will be

made public friendly.3. Effective implementation of ACRs

and E&D rules for accountability ofjunior and senior ranks ;ie first timewarning- later awarding quickpunishment of compulsoryretirement or termination.

Note; Transfer or posting is not

punishment rather it encourages7070

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14Implementation

strategy1. Phase-1

Professional Consultation1. OSCE and University of Portsmouth UK2. Social Sciences and law department of local university

Administrative Consultation1. Punjab Home Department

2. Punjab Law Department3. Planning Department4. Punjab Finance Department5. Punjab Police

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14Implementation

strategy1. Phase-1

Feed back and evaluationon systematic

basis1. Foreign Consultants2. Professors of Local Universities3. Clients/Customers/Service Users4. Police officials

5. Police recruits6. General Public

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Implementation

strategy2. Phase-11

Based on Feed back and evaluation aftersix months

1. Amendments in Interim Policy2. Improvement of Interim Policy3. Preparation of final policy and Business Plan4. Amendments in existing laws/regulations5. Development of new laws/regulations

6. Implementation of final policy within wholePunjab

transforming thana culture

Documents