TRANSLATING HADITH

Dr. Nasrin AltuwaireshIslamic Translation/ 1436-37

Hadith: Definition

Hadith is defined as the report of the words (أقوال), actions (أفعال), or approval/ disapproval (تقرير) of the Prophet (peace be upon him)

Components of Hadith:

Isnad (leaning): a chain of narrators or transmitters reporting the hadith

The formula introducing such a Hadith would speak in the first person: “It was related to me by A, on the authority of B, on the authority of C, on the authority of D, from E (here a companion of Muhammad) that the Prophet said….” This chain of names constituted the isnād on which the saying or event depended for its authenticity.

Matn (gist): the text/ narrative itself

Classification of Hadith:

sahih (“sound, authentic") hasan ("good")   da'if ("weak") Forged/ Fabricated Hadith

(موضوع) Hadith Qudsi (Divine/Sacred/ Holy

Hadith)

Hadith Qudsi

What is the difference between Hadith Qudsi and Quran?

Translation of Isnad:

أنه عنه الله رضي هريرة أبي عنالله: صلى الله رسول قال قال

وسلم ...... عليه

Translation of Isnad:

On the authority of OR narrated Abi Hurarah (may Allah be

pleased with him) who said: the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: ….

Translating takhreej :

Narrated/ related/reported by Al-Bukhari ( البخاري (رواه

[Bukhari, Muslim, etc.] Agreed upon ( عليه (متفق أخرى رواية :وفي In another narration, Another narration reads/ states,

1. Prophet’s Actions

عليه الله صلى fيg hب الن iانi ك lولlقi ي ،iةi عnب lش iنn ب iة iيرgغlمn ال عن ،lهi ل lالiقl فiي lاهiمiدiق ـ iخgفi nت iن ت nو

i أ ـ iمgرi ت hى حiت lصiلwي ي وسلم( البخاري " ". ( رواه ا yورl ك iش nدyا عiب lونl iك أ i iفiال أ lولlقi فiي

Narrated Al-Mughira bin Shu`ba: The Prophet used to pray so much that his feet used to become edematous or swollen, and when he was asked as to why he prays so much, he would say, "Shall I not be a thankful slave (to Allah)?“. [Related by Albukhari]

1. Prophet’s Actions

iانi ك iالiق ـ عنهما الله رضى ـ iرiمlع gنn ب gهh الل gدn عiب nنiع iر nشiعn ال lفgكi iعnت ي وسلم عليه الله صلى gهh الل lولlس iر

( عليه ( متفق iانiضiم iر nنgم iرgاخiوi األ

Narrated Ibn `Umar (May Allah be pleased with them), who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) used to perform I`tikaf (seclusion for prayers) in the last ten days of Ramadan. [Agreed upon]

2. Prophet’s Approval/Disapproval

gهh الل gدn عiب gنn ب gرg اب iج gهh الل gدn عiب gي بi أ nعن

" : yالlج iر hنi أ nهlمiا عiن lهh الل iيgض iر wيgارiصn iن nاألسلم و عليه الله صلى gهh الل iولlس iر iلi أ iس

:، gاتi lوب nت nمiك ال nت hي صiل إذiا nت iي أ iرi أ iالiقiف

، iل iالiحn ال iلnت ل nحi وiأ ، iانiضiم iر وiصlمnتyا؛ nئ ي iش iكgلiذ عiلiى nدgز

i أ nمi وiل ، iام iرiحn ال مnت hرiحiو( ) ." : مسلم رواه nمiعi ن iالiق hةi؟ ن iجn ال lلlخnدi iأ أ

2. Prophet’s Approval/Disapproval

On the authority of Abu Abdullah Jabir bin Abdullah al-Ansaree (may Allah be pleased with them) that: A man askedthe Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) and said, “Do you think that if I perform the obligatory prayers, fast in Ramadhan, treat as lawful that which is halal, and treat as forbidden that which is haram, and do not increase upon that [in voluntary good deeds], then I shall enter Paradise?” He (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) replied, “Yes.” [Muslim]

3. Prophet’s Words:

gنn ب iرiمlع gنn ب gهh الل gدn عiب gنiمnح hالر gدn عiب gي بi أ nنiع

: مgعnت iس iالiق nهlمiا عiن lهh الل iيgض iر gابhطiخn ال : lولlقi ي سلم و عليه الله صلى gهh الل iولlس iر

: )iهi إل iال nنi أ gةiادiه iش خiمnس� عiلiى lم iال nسg nاإل iيg lن ب g gقiام وiإ ،gهh الل lولlس iر مlحiمhدyا hنi وiأ lهh الل hإال

g وiصiوnم ، gتn iي nب ال wجiحiو ،gاةi ك hالز gاءi gيت وiإ ،gة iالhالصومسلم) البخاري رواه iانiضiم iر.

Prophet’s Words:

On the authority of Abi Abdulrahman Abdullah ibn Omar (may Allah be pleased with them), who said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) say, "Islam has been built on five [pillars]: testifying that there is no deity worthy of worship except Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, establishing the salah (prayer), paying the zakat (obligatory charity), making the hajj (pilgrimage) to the House, and fasting in Ramadhan." [Bukhari & Muslim]

Prophet’s Words:

iيgض iر gابhطiخn ال gنn ب iرiمlع حiفnص� gي بi أ iينg nمlؤnمgن ال gيرgمi أ nنiع

: عليه الله صلى gهh الل iولlس iر lتnعgم iس iالiق lهn عiن lالله " : امnرgئ� wلl gك ل hمiا gن وiإ ، gاتh wي gالن ب lالiمnعi nاأل hمiا إن lولlقi ي وسلم lهl ت iرnجgهiف gهg ول lس iرiو gهh الل إلiى lهl ت iرnجgه nتi iان ك nنiمiف iوiى، ن مiا nو

i أ lهiا lصgيب ي iا nي gدlن ل lهl ت iرnجgه nتi iان ك nنiمiو ،gهg ول lس iرiو gهh الل إلiى ." gمiامiا إ lاهiو iر gهn iي إل iرiاجiه مiا إلiى lهl ت iرnجgهiف nكgحlهiا iن ي iة� أ iرnام

، fيgارiخl nب ال مiاعgيل nسg إ lبن lدhمiحlم gالله gدn عiب lو iب أ iينg nمlحiدwث ال lالله iيgض iر fيgورl اب iسn hي الن nحiجhاج ال lبن ªمg ل nسlم gنn ي iسlحn ال lو iب وiأ

" " gبl lت nك ال fحiصi أ هlمiا gينiاللذ nهgمiا ي iيحgحiص فgي nهlمiا عiن

gةiفh nمlصiن .ال

Prophet’s Words:

It is narrated on the authority of Amirul Mu'minin, Abu Hafs 'Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) who said:

I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) say: "Actions are (judged) by motives (niyyah), so each man will have what he intended. Thus, he whose migration (hijrah) was to Allah and His Messenger, his migration is to Allah and His Messenger; but he whose migration was for some worldly thing he might gain, or for a wife he might marry, his migration is to that for which he migrated." [Bukhari & Muslim]

3. Prophet’s Words:

صلى الله wيg hب ةi ـ رضى الله عنه ـ عiنg الن iرn ي iرlي هg بi عiنn أ

" iالiة� ت�ن�ك�ح�عليه وسلم ق� أ ر� ب�ع� ال�م� ر�gهiا أل� gمiال ل

nتi iرgب gذiاتg الدwينg ت gهiا، فiاظnفiرn ب gدgين gهiا وiل gهiا وiجiمiال ب iسiحg وiلiدiاكi ". (رواه البخاري) ي

Narrated Abi Hurraira (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: the Prophet (may peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “A woman is married for four reasons: for her wealth, her family chain, her beauty and her religion, so marry a woman for her religion and you will be blessed.” [Reported by Albukhari]

3. Prophet’s Words:

: gهh الل lول lس iر iذiخi أ iالiق nهlمiا عiن lهh الل iيgض iر iرiمlع nن اب nنiع " : iا nي الدfن فgي nنl ك iالiقiو gي، nكgب gمiن ب سلم و عليه الله صلى

." lهh الل iيgض iر iرiمlع lنn اب iانi وiك gيل� ب iس lرg عiاب nوi أ ªيبgرiغ hك iن iأ ك

: gذiا وiإ ، iاحi الصhب nرgظi nت iن ت iالiف iتn ي iسnمi أ إذiا lولlقi ي nهlمiا عiن

ضgك، iرiمg ل gك ت hحgص nنgم nذlخiو ،iاء iسiمn ال nرgظi nت iن ت iالiف iتnحi صnبi أ

 . gمiوnتgك ل gك iات ي iح nنgمiو[ ]fيgارiخl nب ال lاهiو iر .

Prophet’s Words:

On the authority of Abdullah ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) took me by the shoulder and said, “Be in this world as though you were a stranger or a wayfarer.” And Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) used to say, “In the evening do not expect [to live until] the morning, and in the morning do not expect [to live until] the evening. Take [advantage of] your health before times of sickness, and [take advantage of] your life before your death.” [Al-Bukhari]