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Transparency International Corruption Perceptions Index 2016
Contents 2 The global picture
4 Country contrast
6 How does your country measure up?
8 Americas
9 Asia Pacific
10 Europe and Central Asia
11 Middle East and North Africa
12 Sub-Saharan Africa
Contents 2 The global picture
4 Country contrast
6 How does your country measure up?
8 Americas
9 Asia Pacific
10 Europe and Central Asia
11 Middle East and North Africa
12 Sub-Saharan Africa
Corruption and inequality feed off each other, creating a vicious circle between corruption, unequal distribution of power in society, and unequal distribution of wealth. As the Panama Papers showed, it is still far too easy for the rich and powerful to exploit the opaqueness of the global
the expense of the public good.
Based on expert opinion from around the world, the Corruption Perceptions Index measures the perceived levels of public
country comes close to top marks, while over 120 countries score below 50 on the
countries are even above the midpoint.
“ In too many countries, people are deprived
while the powerful and corrupt enjoy lavish lifestyles with impunity.”
Access the full 2016 Corruption Perceptions Index at www.transparency.org/cpi
Corruption hurts all countries. In our
frequently face situations of bribery and extortion, rely on basic services that have been undermined by the misappropriation
the situation may seem less obvious in the daily lives of citizens, but closed-door deals,
exacerbate many forms of corruption at home and abroad. “We do not have the
lives of people across the world improve”.
José Ugaz, Chair, Transparency International
1Transparency International Corruption Perceptions Index 2016 |
Score 0 25 50 75 100
very clean
43 66Global EU & Western Europe
44 44Americas
The
picture
| Transparency International Corruption Perceptions Index 20162
38 34 31Middle East& North Africa
Eastern Europe& Central Asia
Sub-Saharan Africa
LESS THAN 50 = SERIOUS CORRUPTION PROBLEM
6 billion +of countries worldwide score below 50
of G20 countries score less than 50
of BRICS countries score less than 50
people live in countries with a serious corruption problem
Transparency International Corruption Perceptions Index 2016 | 3
Lowest scorers
South Sudan
11
Top scorers
Denmark
Lowest scorers
Somalia
10
Country contrast
| Transparency International Corruption Perceptions Index 20164
Top scorers
New Zealand
What’s changed?
Countries that have improved include
Countries that have declined include
AlbaniaAustriaCzech RepublicGreeceIndonesia
LatviaSenegalSlovakiaUnited Kingdom
AustraliaBrazilGambiaHungaryJapanMadagascarMalawiMexico
MozambiqueSpainSri LankaTanzaniaTurkeyUgandaYemen
Comparison of 2012 and 2016 performance
Transparency International Corruption Perceptions Index 2016 | 5
How does your country measure up?The perceived levels of public sector corruption in 176 countries/territories around the world.
SCOREVery cleancorrupt
1 Denmark13 Finland4 Sweden 885 Switzerland 866 857 848 839 Canada 8210 Germany 8110 8110 8113 Australia14 Iceland151517 Austria18 United States19 Ireland20 Japan2122 Estonia23 France
24 Bahamas 66
24 Chile 66
24 United Arab Emirates 66
27 Bhutan 65
28 Israel 64
29 Poland 62
29 62
31 Barbados 61
31 Qatar 61
31 Slovenia 61
31 Taiwan 61
35 Botswana 60
35 Saint Lucia 60
35 Saint Vincent and The Grenadines
60
38 Cape Verde
38 Dominica
38 Lithuania
41 Brunei 58
41 Costa Rica 58
41 Spain 58
44
44 Latvia
46 Grenada 5647 Cyprus 5547 Czech Republic 5547 Malta 5550 Mauritius 5450 Rwanda 5452 5353 5254 Slovakia 5155 Croatia55 Malaysia57 4857 Jordan 4857 Romania 4860 Cuba60 Italy62 Sao Tome and Principe 4662 Saudi Arabia 4664 4564 Oman 4564 4564 South Africa 4564 Suriname 45
69 Greece 44
70 Bahrain 43
70 Ghana 43
72 Burkina Faso 42
72 Serbia 42
72 Solomon Islands 42
75 41
75 41
75 Tunisia 41
75 Turkey 41
79 Belarus 40
79 Brazil 40
79 China 40
79 India 40
83 Albania
83 Bosnia and
83 Jamaica
83 Lesotho
87 38
87 Panama 38
87 38
90 Colombia
RANK COUNTRY/TERRITORY SCORE
| Transparency International Corruption Perceptions Index 20166
90 Indonesia90 Liberia90 Morocco90 The FYR of Macedonia95 3695 Benin 3695 El Salvador 3695 3695 Maldives 3695 Sri Lanka 36101 Gabon 35101 35101 Peru 35101 Philippines 35101 Thailand 35101 Timor-Leste 35101 35108 34108 Côte d’Ivoire 34108 34108 Ethiopia 34108 Guyana 34113 Armenia 33113 Bolivia 33
113 Vietnam 33116 Mali 32116 Pakistan 32116 Tanzania 32116 32120 Dominican Republic 31120 Ecuador 31120 Malawi 31123 Azerbaijan 30123 Djibouti 30123 Honduras 30123 Laos 30123 Mexico 30123 Moldova 30123 30123 Sierra Leone 30131 Iran131131131 Russia131 Ukraine136 Guatemala 28136 28136 Lebanon 28
136 Myanmar 28136 28136 28142 Guinea142 Mauritania142 Mozambique145 26145 Cameroon 26145 Gambia 26145 26145 26145 26151 Tajikistan 25151 25153 Comoros 24154 Turkmenistan 22154 22156 Cambodia 21156 Democratic 21
156 Uzbekistan 21159 Burundi 20159 Central African Republic 20159 Chad 20
159 Haiti 20159 20164 18164 Eritrea 18166 Iraq166 Venezuela168 Guinea-Bissau 16169 15170 Libya 14170 Sudan 14170 Yemen 14173 Syria 13174 12175 South Sudan 11176 Somalia 10
Transparency International Corruption Perceptions Index 2016 | 7
Americas
In briefIt is not always bad to have headlines about corruption. From the Panama Papers in April to the record US$3.5 billion Odebrecht
set up thousands of secret shell companies, many of them used by corrupt politicians, criminals and tax abusers around the world. The Odebrecht settlement with the U.S. Department of Justice
politicians and political parties across Latin America, as well as in two African countries in order to win business contracts.
continued to jump across national borders. On cases
counterparts in Europe and the United States.
towards more active enforcement by authorities in response to
lowest ever. With a loss of 5 points in this year’s index, Mexico is the
What needs to happen
instance, at the London Anti-Corruption Summit in May 2016, commitments to increase transparency around the real owners
Colombia and Mexico.
Citizens must keep up pressure on leaders and continue to demand
needs to make sure these and similar commitments are delivered on.
As the Panama Papers showed, the combination of whistleblowers,
transparency forced upon them.
By Jessica Ebrard, Transparency International
44/100
Top scorer:
Canada
82Lowest scorer:
Venezuela
66% of countries scored less than 50
| Transparency International Corruption Perceptions Index 20168
44/100
Top scorer:
New Zealand
Lowest scorer:
North Korea
12
Poor performance can be attributed to unaccountable
everyday corruption issues, continue to undermine public trust in
Who has improved?
While it remains one of the 10 very corrupt countries on the index,
Timor-Leste, Laos and Myanmar continued to improve their scores
been overshadowed by the deadly violence in Rahkine State. This
improvements, that Myanmar scores only 28 in the index.
Who got worse?Cambodia, for the second year in a row, is the most corrupt South East Asian country on the list, with a score of 21. As space for civil
between perceived corruption and political turmoil. Government
in opposition was banned and dozens of people were detained. The
2017 Watch listChina increased by 3 points but remains at the poor score of 40 out of 100. In recent years, China has focused its anti-corruption
and small. This cannot come at the expense of transparency and
the state’s inability to effectively deal with petty corruption as
on poverty, illiteracy and police brutality shows that not only the
70% of countries scored less than 50
Transparency International Corruption Perceptions Index 2016 | 9
54/100
Top scorer:
Denmark
Lowest scorer:
Uzbekistan
21Corruption Perceptions Index 2016, with only a few exceptions.
corruption has improved, but quite the opposite.
funds or unethical behaviour by politicians in recent years has contributed to public discontent and mistrust of the political system.
Ukraine shows a minor improvement by 2 points on this year’s index. This can be attributed to the launch of the e-declaration system that allows Ukrainians to see the assets of politicians and
and his cronies are currently stalled due to systemic problems in the judicial system.
Corruption scandals have also hit a number of EU countries. Last year in Denmark, the top country on the index, 20 members
declarations. In the same year, Dutch members of the Police Works
expensive dinners, parties and hotels.
Western Balkans, Transparency International’s recent report attributes weaknesses in law enforcement to captured political
and widespread forms of political corruption in the Commonwealth
EU accession and Eastern European countries, it is common to
wider economy to their own interests.
anti-corruption provisions.
Transparency International
Europe and Central Asia
48% of countries scored less than 50
| Transparency International Corruption Perceptions Index 201610
spite of their declined scores.
Five out of the ten most corrupt countries in the world are from
in particular political corruption.
The good
the index. The country took some serious anti-corruption steps last
The bad
power politically and economically, public freedoms are oppressed, and an active independent civil society is absent. The military involvement
Qatar had the sharpest decline in the overall index this year by 10 points. The country has been implicated with FIFA corruption scandals, especially around the votes to host the 2022 World Cup, in
Jordan also dropped below 50 compared with last year, despite the
What are the challenges and solutions?In order for Arab countries to improve, they must ensure effective transparent systems that allow for accountability are in place. Governments should protect freedom of expression and stop
respected to ensure that the corrupt are prosecuted and stolen assets are returned. All of this cannot be achieved without real and serious
Middle East and North Africa
38/100
Top scorer:
UAE
66Lowest scorer:
Syria
1383% of countries scored less than 50
Transparency International Corruption Perceptions Index 2016 | 11
the second worst decliner in the 2016 Corruption Perceptions Index
Jammeh’s Gambia, which both declined, demonstrate how electoral
of corruption.
The goodCape Verde and São Tomé and Príncipe are the most improved African countries in the 2016 index. Both countries held democratic presidential elections in 2016. It is no surprise that the independent electoral observer teams labelled the Cape Verde elections for
In São Tomé and Príncipe elections held in July 2016 led to a
The bad
rampant corruption in Ghana led citizens to voice their frustrations
and in the media for corruption scandals. This included his own
elections were marred by malpractice and corruption, and whose presidential elections were postponed three times last year and are yet to be held.
What needs to happen
services to their citizens. They must implement their commitments
accountable, as well as the electoral systems that allow citizens to either re-elect them or freely choose an alternative.
By Paul Banoba, Transparency International
Sub-Saharan Africa
31/100
Top scorer:
Botswana
60Lowest scorer:
Somalia
1089% of countries scored less than 50
| Transparency International Corruption Perceptions Index 201612
Every effort has been made to verify the accuracy of the information contained in this report. All information was believed to be correct as of
responsibility for the consequences of its use for other purposes or in other contexts.
Source: Transparency International, Corruption Perceptions Index 2016
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