对啊网[www.duia.com ]让学习触手可得 四级真题系列

2012年12月四级真题

　　Part Ⅰ Writing (30 minutes)　　Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Education Pays based on the statistics provided in the chart below (Unemployment rate in 2010). Please give a brief description of the chart first and then make comments on it. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

Education Pays_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________　　Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)　　Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1- 7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.

The MagicianThe revolution that Steve Jobs led is only just beginning

　　When it came to putting on a show, nobody else in the computer industry, or any other industry for that matter, could match Steve Jobs. His product launches, at which he would stand alone on a black stage and produce as if by magic an "incredible" new electronic gadget ( 小 器 具 ) in front of an amazed crowd, were the performances of a master showman. All computers do is

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对啊网[www.duia.com ]让学习触手可得 四级真题系列fetch and work with numbers, he once explained, but do it fast enough and "the results appear to be magic". Mr Jobs, who died recently aged 56, spent his life packaging that magic into elegantly designed, easy-to-use products. 　　The reaction to his death, with people leaving candles and flowers outside Apple stores and politicians singing praises on the internet, is proof that Mr Jobs had become something much more significant than just a clever money-maker. He stood out in three ways—as a technologist, as a corporate (公司的) leader and as somebody who was able to make people love what had previously been impersonal, functional gadgets. Strangely, it is this last quality that may have the deepest effect on the way people live. The era of personal technology is in many ways just beginning. 　　As a technologist, Mr Jobs was different because he was not an engineer—and that was his great strength. Instead he was keenly interested in product design and aesthetics ( 美 学 ), and in making advanced technology simple to use. He repeatedly took an existing but half-formed idea—the mouse-driven computer, the digital music player, the smartphone, the tablet computer (平板电脑)—and showed the rest of the industry how to do it properly. Rival firms competed with each other to follow where he led. In the process he brought about great changes in computing, music, telecoms and the news business that were painful for existing firms but welcomed by millions of consumers. 　 　 Within the wider business world, a man who liked to see himself as a hippy (嬉皮士), permanently in revolt against big companies, ended up being hailed by many of those corporate giants as one of the greatest chief executives of his time. That was partly due to his talents: showmanship, strategic vision, an astonishing attention to detail and a dictatorial management style which many bosses must have envied. But most of all it was the extraordinary trajectory ( 轨 迹 ) of his life. His fall from grace in the 1980s, followed by his return to Apple in 1996 after a period in the wilderness, is an inspiration to any businessperson whose career has taken a turn for the worse. The way in which Mr Jobs revived the failing company he had co-founded and turned it into the world’s biggest tech firm (bigger even than Bill Gates’s Microsoft, the company that had outsmarted Apple so dramatically in the 1980s), sounds like something from a Hollywood movie. 　 　But what was perhaps most astonishing about Mr Jobs was the absolute loyalty he managed to inspire in customers. Many Apple users feel themselves to be part of a community, with Mr Jobs as its leader. And there was indeed a personal link. Apple’s products were designed to accord with the boss’s tastes and to meet his extremely high standards. Every iPhone or MacBook has his fingerprints all over it. His great achievement was to combine an emotional spark with computer technology, and make the resulting product feel personal. And that is what put Mr Jobs on the right side of history, as technological innovation (创新) has moved into consumer electronics over the past decade. 　 　 As our special report in this issue (printed before Mr Jobs’s death)

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对啊网[www.duia.com ]让学习触手可得 四级真题系列explains, innovation used to spill over from military and corporate laboratories to the consumer market, but lately this process has gone into reverse. Many people’s homes now have more powerful, and more flexible, devices than their offices do; consumer gadgets and online services are smarter and easier to use than most companies’ systems. Familiar consumer products are being adopted by businesses, government and the armed forces. Companies are employing in-house versions of Facebook and creating their own "app stores" to deliver software to employees. Doctors use tablet computers for their work in hospitals. Meanwhile, the number of consumers hungry for such gadgets continues to swell. Apple’s products are now being snapped up in Delhi and Dalian just as in Dublin and Dallas. 　 　 Mr Jobs had a reputation as a control freak ( 怪 人 ), and his critics complained that the products and systems he designed were closed and inflexible, in the name of greater ease of use. Yet he also empowered millions of people by giving them access to cutting-edge technology. His insistence on putting users first, and focusing on elegance and simplicity, has become deep-rooted in his own company. , and is spreading to rival firms too. It is no longer just at Apple that designers ask: "What would Steve Jobs do?"　　The gap between Apple and other tech firms is now likely to narrow. This week’s announcement of a new iPhone by a management team led by Tim Cook, who replaced Mr Jobs as chief executive in August, was generally regarded as competent but uninspiring. Without Mr Jobs to shower his star dust on the event, it felt like just another product launch from just another technology firm. At the recent unveiling of a tablet computer by Jeff Bezos of Amazon, whose company is doing the best job of following Apple’s lead in combining hardware, software, content and services in an easy-to-use bundle, there were several attacks at Apple. But by doing his best to imitate Mr Jobs, Mr Bezos also flattered ( 抬 举 ) him. With Mr Jobs gone, Apple is just one of many technology firms trying to arouse his uncontrollable spirit in new products. 　 　 Mr Jobs was said by an engineer in the early years of Apple to emit a "reality distortion (扭曲)field", such were his powers of persuasion. But in the end he created a reality of his own, channelling the magic of computing into products that reshaped entire industries. The man who said in his youth that he wanted to "put a ding in the universe" did just that. 　　1. We learn from the first paragraph that nobody could match Steve Jobs in _________. 　　A) intelligence C) magic power 　　B) showmanship D) persuasion skills 　　2. What did Steve Jobs do that most deeply affected people’s way of life?　 　 A) He invented lots of functional gadgets. C) He started the era of personal technology. 　 　 B) He kept improving computer technology. D) He established a new style of leadership.

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对啊网[www.duia.com ]让学习触手可得 四级真题系列　　3. Where did Mr Jobs’s great strength lie?　　A) His profound insight about consumers’ needs in general. 　　B) His keen interest in designing elegant and user-friendly gadgets. 　　C) His firm determination to win in the competition against his rivals. 　　D) His rich knowledge as a computer scientist and electronic engineer. 　　4. Many corporate giants saw Steve Jobs as _________. 　　A) one of the greatest chief executives of his time 　　B) a dictator in the contemporary business world 　　C) an unbeatable rival in the computer industry 　　D) the most admirable hippy in today’s world 　 　 5. For those who have suffered failures in business, Steve Jobs’s life experience serves as _________. 　　A) a symbol C) an ideal 　　B) a standard D) an inspiration 　　6. What was the most astonishing part of Mr Jobs’s success?　　A) He turned a failing company into a profitable business. 　　B) He set up personal links with many of his customers. 　　C) He commanded absolute loyalty from Apple users. 　　D) He left his fingerprints all over Apple products. 　 　 7. What is mentioned in this issue’s special report about innovation nowadays?　 　 A) It benefits civilians more than the military. C) Many new ideas first appear on the internet. 　 　 B) New products are first used in the military. D) It originates in the consumer market. 　 　 8. In spite of the user-friendliness of Apple products, critics complained that they were_________　　9. Amazon, by having hardware, software, content and services _________ in an easy-to-use bundle, did the best job in following Apple’s lead. 　　10. By channelling the magic of computing into products, Steve Jobs had succeeded in 　　Part Ⅲ Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)　　Section A 　　Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. 　 　11. A) He needs another week for the painting. C) The building won’t open until next week. 　　B) The painting was completed just in time. D) His artistic work has been well received.

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对啊网[www.duia.com ]让学习触手可得 四级真题系列　　12. A) Go camping. C) Decorate his house. 　　B) Rent a tent. D) Organize a party. 　　13. A) She talked with Mr. Wright on the phone. C) She will see Mr. Wright at lunch time. 　　B) She is about to call Mr. Wright’s secretary. D) She failed to reach Mr. Wright. 　　14. A) He is actually very hardworking. C) He needs to spend more time in the lab. 　　B) He has difficulty finishing his project. D) He seldom tells the truth about himself. 　　15. A) Rules restricting smoking. C) Smokers’ health problems. 　　B) Ways to quit smoking. D) Hazards of passive smoking. 　 　 16. A)He is out of town all morning. C) He has been writing a report. 　　B) He is tied up in family matters. D) He has got meetings to attend. 　　17. A He is not easy-going. C) He is not at home this weekend. 　　B) He is the speakers’ boss. D) He seldom invites people to his home. 　　18. A Take a break. C) Ask the way. 　　B) Refuel his car. D) Have a cup of coffee. 　　Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 　 　 19. A) They are as good as historical films. C) They have greatly improved. 　　B) They give youngsters a thrill. D) They are better than comics on film. 　 　 20. A) The effects were very good. C) The plot was too complicated. 　　B) The acting was just so-so. D) The characters were lifelike. 　　21. A) They triumphed ultimately over evil in the battle. 　　B) They played the same role in War of the Worlds. 　　C) T. hey are popular figures among young people. 　　D) They are two leading characters in the film. 　　Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 　　22. A) It is scheduled on Thursday night. C) It takes place once a week. 　　B) It is supposed to last nine weeks. D) It usually starts at six. 　　23. A) To make good use of her spare time in the evening. 　　B) To meet the requirements of her in-service training. 　　C) To improve her driving skills as quickly as possible. 　　D) To get some basic knowledge about car maintenance. 　　24. A) Participate in group discussions. C) Listen to the teacher’s explanation.

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对啊网[www.duia.com ]让学习触手可得 四级真题系列　 　 B) Take turns to make presentations. D) Answer the teacher’s questions. 　　25. A) Most of them are female. C) They plan to buy a new car. 　　B) Some have a part-time job. D) A few of them are old chaps. 　　Section B 　　Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. 　　Passage One 　　Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard. 　　26. A) She is not good at making friends. C) She enjoys company. 　　B) She is not well off. D) She likes to go to concerts alone. 　　27. A) Their similar social status. C) Their common interest. 　　B) Their interdependence. D) Their identical character. 　　28. A) Invite Pat to a live concert. C) Help take care of Pat’s kids. 　　B) Buy some gifts for Pat’s kids. D) Pay for Pat’s season tickets. 　　29. A) It can develop between people with a big difference in income. 　　B) It can be maintained among people of different age groups. 　　C) It cannot last long without similar family background. 　　D) It cannot be sustained when friends move far apart. 　　Passage Two 　　Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard. 　 　 30. A) Priority of students’ academic achievements. C) Social equality between teachers and students. 　　B) Equal education opportunities to all children. D) Respect for students’ individuality. 　　31. A) Efficient. C) Lengthy. 　　B) Complicated. D) Democratic. 　　32. A) To help them acquire hands-on experience. C) To provide part-time jobs for needy students. 　　B) To try to cut down its operational expenses. D) To enable them to learn to take responsibility. 　　Passage Three 　　Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard. 　　33. A) The best way to work through a finger maze. 　　B) Individuals doing better in front of an audience. 　　C) Researchers having contributed greatly to psychology. 　　D) Improvements on the classification of human behavior. 　　34. A) When you feel encouraged by the audience. 　　B) When you try to figure out a confusing game. 　　C) When you already know how to do something.

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对啊网[www.duia.com ]让学习触手可得 四级真题系列　　D) When you complete with other people in a group. 　　35. A) Practicing constantly. C) Learning by doing. 　　B) Working by oneself. D) Using proven methods. 　　Section C 　　Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written. 　 　Americans today have different eating habits than they had in the past. There is a wide (36)_________ of food available. They have a broader (37) _________ of nutrition ( 营 养 ), so they buy more fresh fruit and (38) _________ than ever before. At the same time, Americans (39)_________ increasing quantities of sweets and sodas. 　　Statistics show that the way people live (40) _________ the way they eat. American lifestyles have changed. There are now growing numbers of people who live alone, (41) _________ parents and children, and double-income families. These changing lifestyles are (42) _________ for the increasing number of people who must (43) _________ meals or sometimes simply go without them. Many Americans have less time than ever before to spend preparing food. (44)___________________. Moreover, Americans eat out nearly four times a week on average. 　 　 It is easy to study the amounts and kinds of food that people consume. (45)_____________________________________________________ . This information not only tells us what people are eating, but also tells us about the changes in attitudes and tastes. (46)_____________________. Instead, chicken, turkey and fish have become more popular. Sales of these foods have greatly increased in recent years. 　　Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)　　Section A 　　Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. 　　Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage. 　　French fries, washed down with a pint of soda, are a favorite part of fast-food lunches and dinners for millions of American youngsters. But 47 a cue

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对啊网[www.duia.com ]让学习触手可得 四级真题系列from health experts, a group of 19 restaurant companies are pledging to offer more-healthful menu options for children at a time when 48 . is growing over the role of fast food in childhood obesity (肥胖症). 　　Burger King, the nation’s second-largest fast food chain, for instance, will 49 automatically including French fries and soda in its kids’ meals starting this month, although they will still be 50 . Instead, the company said Tuesday, its employees will ask parents whether they 51 such options as milk or sliced apples before assembling the meals. "We’re asking the customers to 52 what they want, " said Craig Prusher, the chain’s vice president of government relations. Other participating chains, with a 53 of menu options, including Denny’s, Chili’s, Friendly’s and Chevy’s. 　 　 As part of the Kids Live Well campaign—expected to be announced 54 Wednesday—participating restaurants must promise to offer at least one children’s meal that has fewer than 600calories (卡路里), no soft drinks and at least two 55 from the following food groups: fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins or low-fat dairy. Among other requirements, they must offer a side dish that meets similar 56 , with fewer than 200 calories and less than 35% of its calories from

　　A) adapt　　B) available

　　C) begin　　D) concern　　E) criteria　　F) items

　　G) nationwide　　H) possible

　　I) prefer　　J) recommending

　　K) species　　L) specify

　　M) stop　　N) taking　　O) variety

　　Section B 　 　 Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. 　　Passage One 　　Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage. 　 　 As you are probably aware, the latest job markets news isn’t good: Unemployment is still more than 9 percent, and new job growth has fallen close to zero. That’s bad for the economy, of course. And it may be especially discouraging if you happen to be looking for a job or hoping to change careers right now. But it actually shouldn’t matter to you nearly as much as you think. 　　That’s because job growth numbers don’t matter to job hunters as much as job turnover (人员更替) data. After all, existing jobs open up every day due

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对啊网[www.duia.com ]让学习触手可得 四级真题系列to promotions, resignations, terminations (解雇), and retirements. (Yes, people are retiring even in this economy.) In both good times and bad, turnover creates more openings than economic growth does. Even in June of 2007, when the economy was still moving ahead, job growth was only 132, 000, while turnover was 4. 7 million!　　And as it tunas out, even today—with job growth near zero—over 4 million job hunters are being hired every month. 　　 I don’t mean to imply that overall job growth doesn’t have an impact on one’s ability to land a job. It’s true that if total employment were higher, it would mean more jobs for all of us to choose from (and compete for). And it’s true that there are currently more people applying for each available job opening, regardless of whether it’s a new one or not. 　　But what often distinguishes those who land jobs from those who don’t is their ability to stay motivated. They’re willing to do the hard work of identifying their valuable skills; be creative about where and how to look; learn how to present themselves to potential employers; and keep going, even after repeated rejections. The Bureau of Labor Statistics data shows that 2. 7 million people who wanted and were available for work hadn’t looked within the last four weeks and were no longer even classified as unemployed. 　　So don’t let the headlines fool you into giving up. Four million people get hired every month in the U. S. You can be one of them. 　　57. The author tends to believe that high unemployment rate _________. 　　A) deprives many people of job opportunities C) should not stop people from looking for a job 　　B) prevents many people from changing careers D) does not mean the U. S. economy is worsening 　　58. Where do most job openings come from?　　A) Job growth. C) Improved economy. 　　B) Job turnover. D) Business expansion.　　59. What does the author say about overall job growth?　　A) It doesn’t have much effect on individual job seekers. 　　B) It increases people’s confidence in the economy. 　　C) It gives a ray of hope to the unemployed. 　　D) It doesn’t mean greater job security for the employed. 　　60. What is the key to landing a job according to the author?　　A) Education. C) Persistence. 　　B) Intelligence. D) Experience. 　　61. What do we learn from the passage about the unemployment figures in the U. S. ?　　A) They clearly indicate how healthy the economy is. 　　B) They provide the public with the latest information. 　　C) They warn of the structural problems in the economy. 　　D) They exclude those who have stopped looking for a job. 　　Passage Two

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对啊网[www.duia.com ]让学习触手可得 四级真题系列　　Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage. 　　Our risk of cancer rises dramatically as we age. So it makes sense that the elderly should be routinely screened for new tumors—or doesn’t it?　　While such vigilant (警觉的) tracking of cancer is a good thing in general, researchers are increasingly questioning whether all of this testing is necessary for the elderly. With the percentage of people over age 65 expected to nearly double by 2050, it’s important to weigh the health benefits of screening against the risks and costs of routine testing. 　 　 In many cases, screening can lead to surgeries to remove cancer, while the cancers themselves may be slow-growing and may not pose serious health problems in patients’ remaining years. But the message that everyone must screen for cancer has become so deep-rooted that when health care experts recommended that women under 50 and over 74 stop screening for breast cancer, it caused a riotous reaction among doctors, patients and advocacy groups. 　 　 It’s hard to uproot deeply held beliefs about cancer screening with scientific data. Certainly, there are people over age 75 who have had cancers detected by routine screening, and gained several extra years of life because of treatment. And clearly, people over age 75 who have other risk factors for cancer, such as a family history or prior personal experience with the disease, should continue to get screened regularly. But for the remainder, the risk of cancer, while increased at the end of life, must be balanced with other factors like remaining life expectancy (预期寿命). 　 　 A recent study suggests that doctors start to make more objective decisions about who will truly benefit from screening—especially considering the explosion of the elderly that will soon swell our population. 　 　 It’s not an easy calculation to make, but one that makes sense for all patients. Dr. Otis Brawley said, "Many doctors are ordering screening tests purely to cover themselves. We need to think about the rational use of health care. "　 　 That means making some difficult decisions with elderly patients, and going against the misguided belief that when it comes to health care, more is always better. 　 　 62. Why do doctors recommend routine cancer screening for elderly people?　　A) It is believed to contribute to long life. 　　B) It is part of their health care package. 　　C) The elderly are more sensitive about their health. 　　D) The elderly are in greater danger of tumor growth. 　　63. How do some researchers now look at routine cancer screening for the elderly?　　A) It adds too much to their medical bills. C) They are doubtful about its necessity. 　　B) It helps increase their life expectancy. D) They think it does more

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对啊网[www.duia.com ]让学习触手可得 四级真题系列harm than good. 　 　 64. What is the conventional view about women screening for breast cancer?　　A) It applies to women over 50. C) It is optional for young women. 　　B) It is a must for adult women. D) It doesn’t apply to women over 74. 　　65. Why do many doctors prescribe routine screening for cancer?　　A) They want to protect themselves against medical disputes. 　　B) They Want to take advantage of the medical care system. 　　C) They want data for medical research. 　　D) They want their patients to suffer less. 　　66. What does the author say is the general view about health care?　　A) The more, the better. C) Better early than late. 　　B) Prevention is better than cure. D) Better care, longer life. 　　Part Ⅴ Cloze (15 minutes)　　Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. 　　Strong emotional bonds between mothers and infants increase children’s willingness to explore the world—an effect that has been observed 67 the animal kingdom, in people, monkeys and even spiders. The more secure we are in our 68 to Mom, the more likely we are to try new things and take risks. Now researchers are discovering that this effect continues into adulthood. A 69 reminder of Mom’s touch or the sound of her voice on the phone is 70to change people’s minds and moods, 71 their decision making in measurable ways. 　 　 In a study 72 online in April in Psychological Science, undergraduate business students had to choose between safe bets and risky gambles—a bond with a guaranteed 4 percent yearly 73 or a riskier stock option, for example. In half the cases, the experimenters patted the students 74 on the back of the shoulder for about one second 75 providing verbal (口头的) instructions about the study. Both male and female students who were touched by a female experimenter were 76 more likely to choose the risky alternative 77 were those who had not been touched or were patted by male experimenters. The reassuring (宽慰的) touch of a woman may have 　　induced early associations, 78 the same openness to exploration that is observed in young children of 79 mothers, explains Jonathan Levav, a business professor at Columbia University and lead author of the study. 　 　To further 80 that a woman’s touch links feelings of security 81 risk taking, the researchers asked a 82 group of undergraduates to make financial decisions utter a writing exercise. Half of them wrote about a time they felt secure and supported, whereas the 83 half wrote about feeling

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对啊网[www.duia.com ]让学习触手可得 四级真题系列insecure and alone. Evoking (唤起) a 84 of insecurity made students in the latter group 85 receptive to the gentle shoulder pats from female experimenters and much more willing to take a risk—just as a child leaving for a field trip might steal one last reassuring hug 86 Mom before stepping on the bus. 　　67. A) by C) above 　　B) up D) across 　　68. A) concern C) treatment 　　B) attachment D) appeal 　　69. A) bare C) mere 　　B) unique D) just 　　70. A) enough C) easy 　　B) ready D) quick 　　71. A) generating C) affecting 　　B) regulating D) refining 　　72. A) exhibited C) appeared 　　B) published D) advertised 　　73. A) return C) cost 　　B) expense D) prize 　　74. A) seemingly C) partly 　　B) strongly D) lightly 　　75. A) if C) while 　　B) so D) whereas 　　76. A) rather C) further 　　B) far D) pretty 　　77. A) than C) which 　　B) as D) that 　　78. A) intending C) inspiring 　　B) inferring D) instructing 　　79. A) supportive C) strict 　　B) lively D) respectful 　　80. A) enable C) consent 　　B) ensure D) confirm 　　81. A) beyond C) for 　　B) with D) along 　　82. A) relative C) different 　　B) competitive D) successive 　　83. A) next C) minor 　　B) other D) opposite 　　84. A) hint C) chain 　　B) clue D) sense 　　85. A) especially C) securely 　　B) specially D) entirely 　　86. A) toward C) of

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对啊网[www.duia.com ]让学习触手可得 四级真题系列　　B) into D) from 　　Part Ⅵ Translation (5 minutes)　 　 Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets. Please write your translation on Answer Sheet 2. 　 　 87. I finally got the job I dreamed about. Never before in my life_______________________ (我感到如此激动)！　 　 88. Yesterday Jane left the meeting early. Otherwise，she__________________________(可能会说一些后来会懊悔的话). 　 　 89. With the noise going on outside the classroom ， I had great difficulty__________________(集中注意力复习功课). 　 　 90. This is the first time I___________________________________________________(听到他们用法语交流).

91. All the information you need to apply for your Visa is_____________________________(可以免费获取).

2012年12月大学英语四级考试真题精析　　Part Ⅰ Writing 　　【范文评注】

Education Pays　　As is shown in the bar chart, in 2010, the unemployment rate of people possessing doctoral degree is 1. 9%, which is the lowest, and on the contrary 1, the unemployment rate of people with less than a high school diploma is the highest which is up to 14. 9%. Additionally 2, we can discover that the higher the education level is, the lower the unemployment rate is. Obviously, the bar chart powerfully demonstrates a fact: Education pays. 3　　It’s not difficult to explain the phenomenon—people with higher education level acquire more advanced knowledge and professional skills, become more competitive among their coworkers, and eventually secure a more stable job. However, people without high degree are easily dismissed because their jobs are easy and can be carried out by many other people. 4　　Under the environment of fierce competition, the recruitment requirements of enterprises become even stricter, and the advantage of good education background becomes highlighted. 5 So, as university students, we should grasp as much knowledge and learn as many skills as we can and prepare ourselves for the future careers. 6　　1. 这篇图表作文本身就是对数据的对比，所以在行文中用表示对比的短语 on me contrary 可以使文章与图表结合得更加紧密。　　2. 结构副词的使用使文章结构清晰，主次分明。　　3. 首段末点题，简洁明了，统领下文。　　4. 通过分析受过高等教育和没有受过高等教育的两类人对图表进行解读。　　5. 结合当今实际，进一步强化主题。

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对啊网[www.duia.com ]让学习触手可得 四级真题系列　　6. 结尾从学生的角度出发，表明自己的观点。　　【译文】

教育有回报　　如条形图所示，2010 年，拥有博士学位的人失业率最低，为 1. 9％，相反，高中以下学历的人失业率最高，达 14. 9％。此外，我们还发现受教育程度越高，失业率越低。显然，这张条形图强有力地说明了一个事实：教育有回报。　　这一现象不难解释：人们的教育水平越高，学得的先进知识和专业技能就越多，在同行中也就越有竞争力，最终所拥有的工作也会越稳定。而不具备高学历的人则很容易被解雇，因为他们所从事的工作比较容易，许多人都可以完成。　　在竞争激烈的环境下，企业的招聘标准变得更加严格，同时好的教育背景的优势也更加凸显。所以，作为大学生，我们应该尽可能多地掌握知识，学习技能，为将来的职业生涯做好准备。　　【要点用法】as is shown in. . . 如……所示 eventually 最终　　on the contrary 相反 stable 稳定的　　additionally另外 easily dismissed 很容易被解雇　　obviously 显然 fierce competition 激烈的竞争　　powerfully demonstrate 有力地说明 recruitment requirement招聘要求　　phenomenon 现象 highlighted突出的　　acquire掌握；习得 grasp. . . knowledge掌握……知识　　【句法点评】1. As is shown in me bar chart...　　首句是图表作文的通用开篇句式，类似的表达方法还有：As we can see from the bar chart. . . 等。　　2. Additionally. we can discover that tile higher the education level is, the lower the unemployment rate is. 　　该句中 that引导的从句作 discover 的宾语，其中包含了“the+比较级…me+比较级…”这一句型，表示“……越……，……越……”。　　3. …people with higher education level acquire more advanced knowledge and professional skills ， become more competitive among their coworkers，and eventually secure a more stable job. 　　本句是排比递进句式，acquire，become 和 secure三个词并列作谓语，表达的意思逐层深入，从而使分析更有说服力；其中 with higher education level 是后置定语，修饰 people。　　Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)　　【参考译文】

魔术大师乔布斯领导的革命只是刚刚开始

　　[1]从表现力来看，整个电脑行业，还有其他相关的产业中，都没有人能够与史蒂夫 · 乔布斯相匹敌。在他的产品发布会上，乔布斯独自一人站在黑色的展示台上，在满脸震惊的观众面前展示出一件“不可思议的”新型电子设备，就像是一位魔术大师在表演。乔布斯曾经解释说，所有的电脑都是用来读取和处理数字的，但要把它做得足够快，这样“结果看起来就有如魔法般神奇”。乔布斯不久前离开了人世，终年 56岁，他终其一生都在将其“魔法”融入到设计雅致、易于操作的产品中去。　　乔布斯逝世后，人们在苹果专卖店门外留下蜡烛和鲜花，政要们在互联网上发布颂词这些都足以证明他远远不止是个精明且会赚钱的人。[2]乔布斯的出类拔萃体现在三个方面

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对啊网[www.duia.com ]让学习触手可得 四级真题系列——他是一名出色的技术专家、一个卓越的企业领导，同时更是一个能让人们喜欢上那些在以前是冷冰冰的、功能型的小玩意的人。奇怪的是，正是这最后一个特质可能对人们的生活方式产生了最为深远的影响。个性技术化的时代在许多方面才刚刚开始。　　[3]作为一名技术专家，乔布斯是与众不同的，因为他并不是一名工程师——这正是他的强大优势所在。而他真正感兴趣的是产品设计、关学以及使先进技术变得简单好用。他反复拿出已经存在但理念还未完全形成的产品——鼠标驱动式电脑、数码音乐播放器、智能手机、平板电脑——来向其行业展示应如何正确地发展下去。竞争对手们争相跟随他指引的方向。在这个过程中，他给计算机应用、音乐、电信和新闻业带来了巨大盼改变，这对既有公司而言是痛苦不已的，但却受到了数百万消费者的欢迎。　　在这个更为广阔的商业世界中，乔布斯喜欢把自己看做一个嬉皮士，永远不停地挑战大公司，[4]最终他却被许多商业巨头们盛赞为他那个时代最伟大的首席执行官。这部分归功于他的天赋：表现能力、战略眼光、对细节惊人的观察力，以及许多老板一定非常嫉妒的独裁式的管理风格。但是最重要的还是他那非凡的人生轨迹。[5]上世纪 80 年代乔布斯 在苹果不得势，他离开了那里，而后 1996 年在沉寂一段时间后他又回归苹果，这对于任 何一个事业走向低谷的商业人士来说都是一种激励。乔布斯将他自己参与创建的、正在走向衰败的苹果公司复兴，并将它发展成为世界上最大的科技公司(甚至比比尔·盖茨的微软公司更大，而该公司曾在上世纪 80 年代大大地超越苹果)，这听起来就像是发生在好莱坞电影里的故事。　　[6]但是，或许最让人吃惊的还是乔布斯设法使消费者对其产品产生的绝对的忠诚。 许多苹果的用户都感觉自己是以乔布斯为领导者的一个团体中的一部分。而这其中确实存在着一种个人关联。苹果的产品都是按照作为老板的乔布斯的品位来设计的，并且能够满足他异乎寻常的高标准。每一部 iPhone 手机或者苹果笔记本电脑上都满是他的指纹。乔布斯的伟大成就在于将情感的火花与电脑技术融合在了一起，并且使得最终的产品更加个性化。而在过去的十年中，技术创新渐渐转移到消费电子产品上，正是这一点使乔布斯顺应了历史潮流。　　[7]按照我们这期中的 ( 印制于乔布斯逝世前 ) 特别报道部分的解释，创新过去常常是从 军事和企业实验室向消费市场流动，但最近这个流动趋势开始颠倒了。如今，很多人家里的设备都比其办公室的更强大、更灵活；消费类的小物件和在线服务比大多数公司的系统更智能，也更便于使用。为大家熟知的消费类产品也正在被企业、政府和武装部队所采用一些公司正在使用内部的脸谱网，同时也在建立它们自己的“应用程序商店”来向员工们发送软件。在医院里，医生们使用平板电脑进行工作。与此同时，渴求这类设备的消费者的数量仍在继续增加。位于德里和大连的苹果专卖店与都伯林和达拉斯的一样，其苹果产品都在被消费者们疯狂抢购。　　[8]乔布斯有一个“控制怪人”的称号，他的批评者抱怨他所设计的产品和系统名义上更易于使用，实际上是封闭而不灵活的。但同时，他也让数百万人接触到了尖端科技。他对用户至上理念的坚持以及对优雅和简洁的专注，已经深深地植入到了他的公司中，同时也正在向竞争对手的公司传播。现在，已经不只在苹果公司才能听到设计师们这样问：“乔布斯会怎么做?”　　苹果和其他科技公司之间的差距可能正在缩小。本周，以蒂姆·库克(于 8月份接替乔布斯的首席执行官的职务)为首的管理团队主办了新版 iPhone 的发布会，该发布会被普遍认为效果不错但缺乏创意。没有了乔布斯来添光加彩，苹果的发布会就像是其他科技公司发布别的产品的发布会一样。[9]最近，杰夫 · 贝索斯所在的亚马逊公司也发布了一款平板 电脑。该公司正在尽力跟随苹果的领导，即将硬件、软件、内容和服备集于一体，并使之便于使用。这招来了苹果公司的尖锐批评。但努力模仿乔布斯的同时，贝索斯其实也是在

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对啊网[www.duia.com ]让学习触手可得 四级真题系列抬举他。乔布斯去世后，苹果公司变得与其他科技公司一样，努力在新产品中注入乔布斯式的判逆元素。　　在苹果公司的早期，曾有一位工程师说乔布斯散发着“将现实扭曲的魄力”，指的就是他的说服力。[10]但是最后，乔布斯创造了一个属于自己的现实，将计算机应用的魔力引入到重塑了整个行业的产品中去。这个在年轻时曾说过想要“做出一番成就”的男人，最终做到了。　　【答案解析】　　1. B 　　线索词：the first paragraph，match 　　定位处：文章第一段第一句　　解析：本题问从文章第一段可以了解到在什么方面没有人能与史蒂夫·乔布斯相匹敌。文章第一段第一句提到：“从表现力来看，整个电脑行业，还有其他相关的产业中，都没有人能够与史蒂夫·乔布斯相匹敌。”B项中的 showmanship 意为“表演技巧，表现能力”，是第一句中 putting on a show 的同义转述，与文意相符，故为正确答案。 　　2. C 　　线索词：most deeply affected people’s way of life 　　定位处：文章第二段第二、三句　　解析：文章第二段第二句提到：“乔布斯的出类拔萃体现在三个方面——他是一名出色的技术专家、一个卓越的企业领导，同时更是一个能让人们喜欢上那些在以前是冷冰冰的、功能型的小玩意的人。”而紧接着第三句话明确指出：“奇怪的是，正是这最后一个特质可能对人们的生活方式产生了最为深远的影响。”故可知，乔布斯把以前那些冷冰冰的、功能型的小玩意改进得更加个性化，使它们受到人们的喜爱，也深刻地影响了人们的生活方式。故可知答案为 C。　　3. B 　　线索词：Mr Jobs’s great strength 　　定位处：文章第三段第一句　　解析：文章第三段第一句提到：“作为一名技术专家，乔布斯是与众不同的，因为他并不是一名工程师——这正是他的强大优势所在。”紧接着第二句说：“而他真正感兴趣的是产品设计、美学以及使先进技术变得简单好用”，即对乔布斯的强大优势作进一步说明，分析四个选项可知正确答案为 B。　　4. A 　　线索词：corporate giants 　　定位处：文章第四段第一句话　　解析：文章第四段第一句话提到：“在这个更为广阔的商业世界中，乔布斯喜欢把自己看做一个嬉皮士，永远不停地挑战大公司，最终他却被许多商业巨头们盛赞为他那个时代最伟大的首席执行官”，其中 A项 one of the greatest chief executives of his time属于原词复现，故为正确答案。　　5. D 　　线索词：suffered failures in business，Steve Jobs’s life experience 　　定位处：文章第四段第三句　　解析：本题问对于那些事业遭受失败的人来说，乔布斯的人生经历起到了什么样的作用。文章第四段第三句提到：“上世纪 80 年代乔布斯在苹果不得势，他离开了那里，而后 1996 年在沉寂一段时间后他又回归苹果，这对于任何一个事业走向低谷的商业人士来说都是一种激励。”故本题选 an inspiration。

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对啊网[www.duia.com ]让学习触手可得 四级真题系列　　6. C 　　线索词：the most astonishing part 　　定位处：文章第五段第一句　　解析：文章第五段第一句话提到：“但是，或许最让人吃惊的还是乔布斯设法使消费者对其产品产生的绝对的忠诚。”四个选项中只有 C项与此表述一致。其中的 absolute loyalty属于原词重现；commanded 是对原文中的 managed to inspire 的同义转述。　　7. D 　　线索词：special report，innovation 　　定位处：文章第六段第一句　　解析：文章第六段第一句指出：“……创新过去常常是从军事和企业实验室向消费市场流动，但最近这个流动趋势开始颠倒了。”由此可以推断，现在创新的流动过程是从消费市场转向军事和企业实验室，也就是源自消费市场，因此只有选项D符合题意，故为正确答案。　　8. closed and inflexible 　　线索词：critics complained 　　定位处：文章第七段第一句　　解析：文章第七段第一句话提到：“…his critics complained that the products and systems he designed were closed and inflexible，in the name of greater ease of use. ” 题 干 中 的 they 指 代 的 就 是 the products and systems he designed(他所设计的产品和系统)，因此空格处应填入 closed and inflexible。　　9. combined 　　线索词：Amazon，hardware，software，content and services 　　定位处：文章第八段第四句　　解析：文章第八段第四句提到：“……亚马逊公司也发布了一款平板电脑。该公司正在尽力跟随苹果的领导，即将硬件、软件、内容和服务集于一体，并使之便于使用。这招来了苹果公司的尖锐批评。”原文中的表达是. . . whose company is doing the best job of following Apple’s lead in combining hardware…，其中 combine 这个动作的执行者是 the company ，故此处用 了 现 在 分 词 形式， 而 本 题空格处所缺词 与hardware、software、content and services 之间是 被 动关系 ，故空格处应填入combined。　　10. reshaping entire industries 　　线索词：channelling the magic of computing into products 　　定位处：文章最后一段第二句　 　 解 析 ： 文 章 最 后 一 段 第 二 句 提 到 ： “ … he created a reality of his own，channeling the magic of computing into products that reshaped entire industries. (……乔布斯创造了一个属于自己的现实，将计算机应用的魔力引入到重塑了整个行业的产品中去。)”可知空格处应填入的内容为“重塑了整个行业”，但因空格前是谓语动词 succeeded in，因此应填入 reshape 的动名词形式，故答案为 reshaping entire industries。　　Part Ⅲ Listening Comprehension 　　Section A 　　11. B 　　W: Have you finished that painting for the new student center?　　M: Just this morning. I’ve been working extra hours all week. You know the

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对啊网[www.duia.com ]让学习触手可得 四级真题系列building opens tomorrow. 　　O: What does the man mean?　　【听前预测】　　1. 两项提及 painting，一项提及 artistic work。　　2. 两项提及一位男士(he，his)。　　3. 三项涉及时间(another week，just in time，next week)。　　结论：对话可能与男士和绘画有关，需重点关注与时间有关的信息，如是否能按时完成等。　　【解析】女士问男士是否已经完成了为新建的学生中心绘制的画作，男士说他今天早上才完成，他一整周都在加班加点，因为学生中心明天就要开放了。故选 B。just in time意 为“刚好赶上，刚刚来 得及”， 对应男士 所 说 的 just this morning 和 open tomorrow 这两个关键信息。　　12. A 　　M: Do you sell camping gear?　 　 W: Yes, we have tents, sleeping bags, just about everything you might need, including stoves. 　　Q: What is the man probably going to do?　　【听前预测】四项均以动词原形开头，分别意为：去野营、租一个帐篷、装饰他的房子和组织一 个派对 。 对 话 可 能 与某人将要做某事 有关，应留意 是否有 与camping、house、tent、party 有关的信息。　　【解析】听辨 gear 一词并理解它的意思是解答本题的一大难点，gear 在本对话中意为“工具，装备”，camping gear即为“野营装备”。男士问女士的店里是否出售此类装备，女士答道：“是的，我们有帐篷、睡袋，几乎有你可能需要的所有东西，包括炉子。”即使不知道 gear 的意思，从女士的回答中我们也能够推知男士可能要去野营。故选A。　　13. D 　 　 M ： Hi ， Jenny! Have you talked to Mr. Wright about the new sports program?　　W：Well, I contacted his office half an hour ago，and his secretary said he was out for lunch until 2：00. 　　Q：What does the woman mean?　　【听前预测】　　1. 四项均以 she开头。　　2. 四项均提及Mr. Wright。　 　 3. 女 士 的 动 作 均 与 联 系 Mr. Wright 有 关 (talk with ， call. . . secretary，see，reach)。　　结论：本题可能考查某位女士联系 Mr. Wright 的结果如何。　　【解析】男士问女士：“你和赖特先生谈了关于新的体育节目的事了吗?”女士回答道：“我半个小时之前联系了他的办公室，他的秘书说他出去吃午饭了，要两点才能回来。”可见，女士没有联系上赖特先生。故选 D。fail to do sth. 意为“未能做某事”，reach sb. 即“联系上某人”。　　14. A 　　M: Bill says he’s not working so hard on his biology project. 　　W: But he spends a lot of time in the lab, doesn’t he?

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对啊网[www.duia.com ]让学习触手可得 四级真题系列　　Q: What does the woman imply about Bill?　　【听前预测】　　1. 四项均以 he开头，对话讨论某位男士的情况。　　2. 两项含有与研究有关的词(project，lab)。　　3. 两项含有与事实相关的词(actually，truth)。　　结论：对话可能谈及男士以及他所做的研究，可能涉及话语与事实的差异。　　【解析】本题问关于比尔女士暗示了什么。男士说：“比尔说他没有在他的生物项目上下太大的工夫。”女士回答道：“但他花很多时间待在实验室里，不是吗?”女士的言外之意是实际上比尔工作很勤奋，而不是为了强调比尔说谎，故排除D项，选择A项。　　15. A 　　M: I have to say I find the new smoking regulations too strict. 　　W: Well, they are for everyone’s health. I have no complaints. 　　Q: What are the speakers talking about?　　【听前预测】四项均为与吸烟有关的名词短语，分别是：限制吸烟的规定、戒烟的方法、吸烟者的健康问题以及被动吸烟的危害。本题很可能考查对话中的两个人在谈论什么话题。　　【解析】男士说：“我不得不说，新的吸烟规定太苛刻了。”女士回答道：“这是为了每个人的健康，我没有什么好抱怨的。”可见 smoking regulations 是否苛刻是二人讨论的话题，A项 rules restricting smoking 是对该短语的同义转述，故选 A。其他三项对话均未提及。　　16. D 　 　 W: Jack asked me to drop off this report. He’s tied up in meetings all morning. 　　M: I was hoping he’d bring it himself. I need to talk with him about it. 　　Q: Why can’t Jack come in person?　　【听前预测】　　1. 四项均以 he开头。　 　 2. 四项均与男士 当前的状态有关 (is out of town ， is tied up ， has been writing，has got meeting)。　　结论：本题可能考查男士目前的状态，由选项中的 out、tied up、meetings推测男士可能无法做某事，正确选项应能解释其无法做某事的原因。　　【解析】女士说：“杰克让我顺便把报告交过来，他一上午都要碜加会议。”男士回答道：“我原本希望他会自己送过来，关于报告我有些话要跟他说。”由此可知，D项为正确答案。drop off sth. 意为“中途顺便将某物送交某处”；be tied up指“被缠住(无法脱身)”。注意不要受 tied up原词复现的干扰而直接选B。　　17. B 　　M：Should we invite Mr. smith to join us for dinner this weekend? He’s just come back from England. 　　W：You can have a try. But as far as I know, he seldom accepts invitations from his employees. 　　O：What can we infer about Mr. Smith?　　【听前预测】四项均以 he开头，描述某位男士的特点或状态，分别为：他不是很随和、他是两位说话者的老板、他这个周末不在家、他很少邀请别人去他家。信息点比较分散，考生需根据听音内容作出进一步的判断。

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对啊网[www.duia.com ]让学习触手可得 四级真题系列　　【解析】本题问关于史密斯先生我们可以推知什么。男士问女士：“我们是否该邀请史密斯先生这周末和我们一起吃晚餐呢?他刚刚从英国回来。”女士回答道：“你可以试着邀请他 ，但据 我 所 知 ， 他 很少接受 员 工 的邀请。”解 题 的关键在于女士 所 说 的 his employees，即史密斯先生是两位说话者的老板，故选B。　　18. B 　　W: This place doesn’t look familiar at all. We must be lost. 　　M: Yeah, it seems so. Let’s pull in here. While I’m filling in the tank, you go ask the way and get me something to drink please. 　　Q: What is the man going to do first?　　【听前预测】四项均以动词原形开头，分别为：休息一下、给车重新加满油、问路、喝杯咖啡。本题可能考查即将发生的动作，需留意题目中提到的动作发出者是谁。　　【解析】女士说：“这个地方看起来一点也不熟悉。我们肯定是迷路了。”男士回答道：“看起来是这样的，我们在这儿停下。我加油的时候，你去问问路，然后帮我带点喝的回来。”理解对话的一个难点在于 pull in，该短语表示“暂时停车”，其同义词组还有pull over。题目问男士首先要做什么事情，B项 refuel his car"对应对话中男士提到的fill in the tank，二者都表示“给车加油”。故选B。　　Conversation One 　　M: Well, did you enjoy it?　　W: Yes, I enjoy it much more than I thought I would. 　　M: Really?　 　W: Yes, I don’t usually go to science fiction films. I don’t think they are much better than comics on film, if you know what I mean. 　 　 M: Yes, sure. [19] And a few years ago, they were certainly like that. But they’ve got a lot better now. 　　W: Yes, and historical films, that’s what I really like. I never miss a good film set in the middle ages. Oh, and love stories, I never miss one on TV. 　　M: Funnily enough, I don’t like those kinds of films at all. But to come back to this one, I personally didn’t think it was very good. It certainly wasn’t as good as other science fiction films I’ve seen. 　　W: Wasn’t it?　　M: No, not at all. [20] Oh, the effects were very good. 　 　 W: Yes, I thought they were marvelous, especially the battle in space, incredible. 　　M: Yes. But I was going to say I thought the acting was terrible. 　 　 W: Yes. [21] I suppose Jason was too good to be true. And what was the name of the baddy?　　M: Cargon?　 　 W: Yeah, Cargon was really evil, wasn’t he? But I suppose that’s what these films are all about—good triumphing over evil. And the characters have to be black and white. 　 　 M: Well, yes, but not always. War of the Worlds wasn’t like that, for example. Anyway, you enjoyed the film. That’s the most important. 　　W: Yes, I did. Thanks for taking me. 　　19. What does the man say about science fiction films?

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对啊网[www.duia.com ]让学习触手可得 四级真题系列　 　 20. What opinion do the speakers share about the film they have just seen?　　21. What to be learned about Jason and Cargon?　　l9. C 　　【听前预测】　　1. 四项均以 they开头。　　2. 两项分别提到了一种类型的电影(historical films，comics on film)。　　3. 三项含有表示比较意义的内容(as good as，improved，better than)。　　结论：该题可能是将不同类型的电影进行比较，they 可能指代除 historical films 和comics on film 以外的其他某种类型的电影。听音时应先确定 they 的指代对象，然后根据对话内容作出进一步的判断。　　【解析】题目问男士对科幻电影的看法如何。在对话的开头部分，当女士说她觉得科幻电影并没有比喜剧电影好太多时，男士说以前确实如此，但现在科幻电影已经变好了很多。由此可见，C项“它们(科幻电影)有了很大的进步”为正确答案。　　20. A 　　【听前预测】 　　1. 四项均含有评价性词汇(good，just so-so，too complicated，lifelike)。　　2. 三项的主语均为与电影有关的某项内容(acting，plot，characters)。　　结论：由选项内容可以推测，该题可能考查对某部电影的评价。听音时需重点关注与电影效果、表演、剧本或人物有关的内容。　　【解析】本题问两位说话人对刚刚看过的电影有什么共同的看法。对话中男士说，他认为这部电影不是很好，一点也不如自己看过的其他科幻电影，但是特效非常棒。女士对此表示赞同，她觉得那些特效美妙绝伦，尤其是太空大战，简直不可思议。由此可见，两位说话人的共同看法是特效非常好，故 A项为正确答案。两人都认为表演很差劲，故可排除 B；女士觉得贾森的角色好得不真实，而卡根又太过邪恶，故 D项“人物很真实”也可排除。C项文中未提及。　　21. D 　　【听前预测】　　1. 四项均以 they开头。　 　 2. 两项含有 与 电影角色有关的内容 (role in War of the Worlds ， leading characters in the film)。　　结论：该题考查的内容可能与 they 的身份有关。由选项内容可以推测，they 可能是某部电影中的角色。　　具体信息需要根据对话内容作出进一步的判断。　　【解析】本题问关于贾森和卡根可以知道些什么。对话中女士提到，贾森的角色太正面了，以至于不够真实，而卡根又太过邪恶，但可能这类电影的主题就是这样——正义战胜邪恶，电影角色就应该既有正面的也有反面的。由此可知 A项错误，D项正确。对话中确实提到了 War of the Worlds，但并未提及贾森和卡根在其中扮演了同样的角色，故可排除B项；C项对话中并未提及，也可排除。　　Conversation Two 　　M: Can I ask you about your evening class? What class do you go to?　　W: Car maintenance. 　　M: What night of the week is it on?　　W: [22] Wednesday night.

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对啊网[www.duia.com ]让学习触手可得 四级真题系列　　M: And how long does it last?　　M: Well, it supposed to start at 6:00, but that’s a bit of problem because people have difficulty getting through the traffic. So we start at 6:30 and then it goes on until 9 o’clock. 　　M: And what was your reason for wanting to do the class?　　W: [23] Well, I just bought my first car and I don’t know anything about cars. So I thought it was a good opportunity to learn. I guess most people in the class are in the same situation. 　 　M: Um, and what do you actually do? Do you bring the car along to the class?　　W: Yes, we do. [24] And in the first part of the lesson, the first half hour, the man who runs the class will go through some particular part of the car, and we’ll learn about it. And then we spend the rest of the time actually working on our own cars, the same problem. 　　M: And how many people are there in the class?　 　 W: [25] Mm, I think 16, but 3 quarters of them are women. It’s quite interesting because the man is obviously used to teaching man. And he always starts his sentence by saying, "Wow, you chaps hello. " And then he stops and says "Oh, and you women, ur, you ladies, but. . . ur. . . "　　M: Huh hun. . . sounds funny. 　　22. What does the woman say about her evening class?　　23. Why did the woman want to attend the class?　 　 24. What do the people who attend the class do in the first part of the lesson?　　25. What do we learn about the participants in the class?　　22. C 　　【听前预测】　　1. 四项均以 it开头。　　2. 四项均含有表示时间的内容(Thursday night，nine weeks，once a week，at six)。　　结论：该题可能是与 it 有关的时间问题，具体是所安排的日期、持续的时间、发生的频率还是开始的时间点，需要根据听音内容作出进一步的判断。　　【解析】该题问关于夜校女士说了些什么。在对话开头，男士问汽车保养班开设在周几的晚上，女士回答说在周三晚上，故 A项可排除；接着男士又问每节课多长时间，女士说课本来是从 6 点开始，但是人们因为交通拥堵很难按时到达，所以从 6：30开始，故D项错误，也可排除；B项文中未提及。故正确答案为 C项。　　23. D 　　【听前预测】 　　1. 四项均以动词不定式开头，由此可推知该题考查目的。　　2. 三项提到了 her。　　3. 两项含有与汽车有关的词汇(driving skills，car maintenance)。　　结论：该题可能考查女士做某事的目的，而所做的事情可能与汽车有关。听音时应关注与汽车有关的词汇。

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对啊网[www.duia.com ]让学习触手可得 四级真题系列　　【解析】当男士问女士为什么想要上汽车保养班时，女士说她只是因为自己刚买了第一辆车，但对车又一窍不通，所以觉得报汽车保养班进行学习是个很好的机会，故D项为正确答案。　　24. C 　　【听前预测】　　1. 四项均以动词原形开头。　 　 2. 四 项 中 均 含 有 与 课 堂 活 动 相 关 的 词 汇 (group discussions ， make presentations ， listen to the teacher’s explanation ， answer the teacher’s questions)。　　结论：该题考查的内容可能与某个具体的课堂活动内容有关，具体是小组讨论、做陈述、听老师讲解还是回答老师的问题，需要根据听音内容作出进一步的判断。　　【解析】本题问上汽车保养课的人在课程的第一阶段做什么。对话中女士提到，在课程的第一阶段，也就是前半个小时，组织这个课的人会详细地讲解汽车的某个特殊的部件学员进行学习。四项中只有 C项“听老师的讲解”与这一意思一致，故为正确答案。　　25. A 　　【听前预测】　　1. 两项含有 them，一项含有 they。　　2. 两项含有与性别有关的词(female，chaps)。　　结论：该题的选项均是时 they 的描述，可能考查 they 的性别。听音时应先弄清楚they 的指代对象，并将听音重点放在 female、part-time job、buy a new car 和 old chaps上。　　【解析】本题问关于课程参与者我们知道些什么。在对话的最后，当男士问班上共有多少人时，女士说有 16 人，但其中四分之三都是女性，故可知答案为 A项。其他三项文中均未提及，都可排除。　　Section B 　　Passage One 　　【听力原文】　　We don’t choose friends on the basis of how much money they have, of course. But vast differences can be disturbing to both sides. Aaron, for example, is single, and earns a very good salary. [26] Her friend, Pat, a divorced mother of three, is struggling to make ends meet. [27] "We are both frequent theatergoers, "Aaron explains, "and I gladly pay for two tickets, just to have Pat’s company at plays and concerts, but she won’t go anywhere unless she can pay her own way. I hate to go alone, so we both stay home. It all seems so silly. " Pat sees the situation differently. After an unhappy marriage to a man who tried to control her without considering her wishes and feelings, she says, "It’s very important to me to carry my own weight. I’m not comfortable in any relationship where all I do is take. "　 　The difficult situation finally changed when Aaron moved recently. Pat’s children were with their father, so she took a picnic lunch to her friend’s new place, then spent the day helping her unpack and get settled. "I was so grateful, " Aaron says, [28] "that I persuaded Pat to let me return the favor in my own way with season tickets to our little theater group. [29] I think she’s beginning to recognize that she contributes as

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对啊网[www.duia.com ]让学习触手可得 四级真题系列much to our friendship as I do. "　　26. What do we learn about Pat?　　27. What draws Aaron and Pat together?　　28. What does Aaron do to return Pat’s favor?　　29. what do we learn about friendship from the passage?　　【整体预测】　 　 快 速 浏 览 各 题 选 项 ， 根 据 其 中 的 关 键 词 汇 making friends 、 well off、company、alone、similar、common 和 income 等推测，该短文可能与交朋友以及朋友的性格特征有关，会提及一个叫 Pat 的人，具体细节需要进一步分析各个选项。　　26. B 　　【解题思路】　　1. 四项均以 she开头。　　2. 四项均为一般现在时态的句子，其中两项含有表示喜欢的词(enjoys，likes)。　　3. 一项提及交朋友(making friends)，一项提及陪伴(company)，一项提及独自一个人(alone)。　　结论：本题考查某位女士的某种特征，可能与她交朋友的习惯有关。听音时应先辨别she 的指代对象。　　【解析】题目问关于 Pat 我们知道什么。短文在第一次提到 Pat时说：“她的朋友，帕特，是一位离婚妈妈，有三个孩子，如今她正在努力使收支平衡。”make ends meet这一习语表示“使收支相抵，勉强养家糊口”，意味着经济条件很差，需要量入为出。 B项中的 is not well off 意为“不富裕，经济条件不好”，与短文中的描述相吻合，故为正确答案。其他三项短文均未提及。解答此题需要理解两个习语，难度较高。　　27. C 　　【解题思路】四项均为以 their开头的名词短语，分别为：他(她)们相似的社会地位、相互的依赖、共同的兴趣以及相同的性情。similar、common 和 identical 都是表示相近或相同的形容词，因此需要留意短文中提到的两个人的共同点。根据已知信息来看，they 很可能是指 Pat 和她的朋友。　　【解析】题目问艾伦为什么和帕特走得很近，也就是问既然能成为朋友，两人之间有何共同点。艾伦说道：“We are both frequent theatergoers. (我们两个人都常去剧院)”。去剧院看戏剧或电影是一种兴趣爱好，故选C。　　28. D 　　【解题思路】　　1. 四项均以动词原形开头，应留意与动作、行为有关的信息。　　2. 四项均提及 Pat，其中两项提及 Pat’s kids。　　3. 四项均表示对 Pat 的某种帮助或好意(invite，buy…for…，help，pay for)。　　结论：本题考查另一个人对帕特的帮助或好意，这个人很可能是她的朋友。听音时还应留意是否提及帕特的孩子。　　【解析】题目问为了还帕特的人情，艾伦做了什么事。短文在近结尾处提到，帕特带着吃的去了艾伦的新家，并且帮她拆包、收拾东西，作为回报，艾伦劝说帕特收下了剧院演出的季票，而之前，帕特总是坚持自己付钱买票。D项所说的“艾伦买票赠予帕特”与短文描述相符，且 season tickets 为关键词复现，故选D。　　29. A 　　【解题思路】　　1. 四项均以 it开头，其中两项后接 can，两项后接 cannot。

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对啊网[www.duia.com ]让学习触手可得 四级真题系列　　2. 三项含有与持续、维持有关的词(maintained，last，sustained)。　　3. 两项提及差别(difference，different)，一项提及相似之处(similar)。　　结论：it 很可能指代“友情”，可能是问什么因素有利于友情的维系。　　【解析】题目问从这篇短文中我们能够得知关于友情的什么信息。短文主要叙述的是艾伦与帕特这一对朋友之间发生的事情，帕特的经济条件不如艾伦，但尽管生活艰苦，她仍然拒绝让艾伦替她买戏剧票，总是坚持自己付钱。最近，情况有了转变，当艾伦搬到新家后，帕特带着吃的去拜访，并且帮她拆包、收拾东西，作为回报，艾伦劝说帕特收下了剧院演出的季票。艾伦说：“我想她已经开始意识到，她为我们的友谊作出的贡献和我是一样多的。”这说明，只要两个人都愿意为他们之间的友情作出贡献，即使收入水平差距很大，也能产生友情。本题选A，其他三项均无法从短文中找到依据。　　Passage Two 　　【听力原文】　　Sun School, in the town of Ashburton, England, is a day school for children aged 10 to 18. [30] It is based on the value of social equality between students and staff, and has few rules. Sun School believes that the healthy growth of a child is more important than academic success. It offers a variety of lessons and activities for students to choose from, and free time for children to follow their own interests. Classes are small, and based on the individual needs of each child. [31] The timetable is fixed, but democratically decided and students are expected to attend. The weekly school meeting is at the center of the way Sun School is organized. It makes all the decisions that affect the school, including rules, the timetable and accepting or rejecting new students and teachers. [31] Participating in these meetings gives the children an understanding of democratic decision-making and helps them develop their skills of argument and persuasion. The most important advantage of the school meeting is that it shows the children that the school is really theirs. They have the right to decide on changes. And the school’s success or failure depends on their decisions and their behavior. Sun School employs no cooking or cleaning staff. These jobs are done by the students and teachers. Decorating and simple repairs are also done by the students. [32] It is believed that for the school to truly belong to those who use it, they must take responsibility for its maintenance. 　　30. What value is Sun School based on?　　31. What is characteristic of the school’s decision-making process?　　32. Why does Sun School ask students to do its maintenance?　　【整体预测】　 　快速浏览各题选项，根据其中 的关键词 students、academic、education 和teachers 等推测，该短文可能与教学有关，第 30 题可能考查某种优点，第 31 题可能考查特点，第 32 题可能考查日的，应留意相关信息。　　30. C 　　【解题思路】　　1. 四项均为名词短语。问题可能以 what开头。

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对啊网[www.duia.com ]让学习触手可得 四级真题系列　 　 2. 四项均与 教 育 有关 (students ， academic achievements ， education opportunities，teachers)。　　3. 四项均表示某种优点或长处(priority of. . . academic achievements，equal. . . opportunities，equality，respect for. . . individuality)。　　结论：该题考查的内容可能与某个事物在教育方面的优点有关。听音时应留意相关内容。　　【解析】题目问 sun school 是基于什么样的价值观。关键词 based on 出现在原文开头，第二句提到：“它(太阳学校)是基于‘学生与教职工享有平等的社会地位’这一价值观。”原文中说的是 social equality between students and staff，C项中将 staff替换成了 teachers，其余信息均与短文表述吻合，故为正确答案。　　31. D 　　【解题思路】四项均为形容词，分别为：有效率的、复杂的、冗长的、民主的，词汇的感情色彩不同，但都可用于回答事物具有哪种特征。听音时应注意辨别是问哪种事物。　　【解析】题目问太阳学校决策制定的过程具有什么样的特点。讲话者介绍道：“时间表是固定的，但是是民主决策的结果……每周一次的学校大会是太阳学校主要的组织形式它融合了一切会对学校产生影响的决策，包括规章制度、时间表、对新学生和新教师的接纳与拒绝。参与这些会议能使学生对民主决策有所理解，并且帮助他们培养辩论和说服别人的才能。”结合 democratically decided 和 democratic decision-making 这两个关键短语以及讲话者的介绍，我们能够推知太阳学校的决策过程明显具有民主的特点。故选D。　　32. D 　　【解题思路】　　1. 四项均为以 to开头的不定式状语，表目的。　　2. 四项均含有表示积极意义的动词(help，try，provide，enable)。　　3. 两项含有 them，一项含有 students，再结合 acquire 和 learn推测，them指代的是学生。　　结论：本题考查做某事的目的，可能是某事对于学生有何益处。　　【解析】题目问为什么太阳学校让学生负责学校的日常维修。太阳学校的办学理念是学生就是学校的主人。讲话者提到，该学校不雇用厨师和清洁工，这些工作都是由学生和教师完成的，校园装饰和简单维修也都由学生来做，对于一座真正属于其使用者的学校来说，这些使用者必须负责学校的日常维修。可见学校的目的是让学生以主人翁的精神来爱护自己的学校，D项中的 take responsibility 为关键词的原词复现，故选D。讲话者并没有提到学校的这项决策与亲身经历、运营成本和勤工俭学有何关联。　　Passage Three 　　【听力原文】　 　 [33] Well, to continue, as I mentioned earlier, there is also research that demonstrates that individuals perform worse, not better on tasks when other people are there. R, W. Hubbert did an interesting experiment. He had his subjects learn a finger maze. This is a game in which you indicate with your finger the way through a complex system of passages or paths. The subjects who had an audience did worse than the subjects who did alone. 　 　 Now how can we explain these very different results? It seemed very confusing for a long time. Social psychologist, John Roberts, finally cleared up

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对啊网[www.duia.com ]让学习触手可得 四级真题系列the confusion about why people sometimes perform better and sometimes worse in front of an audience. [34] Roberts found that the presence of an audience facilitates what you already know how to do. That is, if you know what you are doing, having an audience helps you do it better. But if you don’t already know how to do something, you will probably make some mistakes and you will make mistakes for a longer time if you have an audience. That’s exactly what happened to the subjects who were learning the finger maze. 　　So, if you are doing well, having an audience increases the chances that you will continue to do well. If you are doing badly, having an audience increases the chances that you will continue to do badly. [35] Roberts cleverly pointed out that when you are first learning something, you are better off working alone than practising with other people. 　　33. What did the speaker probably discuss before coming to this part of the talk?　 　34. When does the presence of an audience facilitate your performance according to Roberts?　　35. What does Roberts think is a better way to learn new things?　　【整体预测】　 　快速浏览各题选项，根据其中 的关键词 audience、 psychology、 human behavior 和 other people 等推测，该短文可能与人的行为和心理有关，可能涉及观众以及其他人等概念。具体细节需要进一步分析各个选项。　　33. B 　　【解题思路】　　1. 四项均为名词短语。问题可能以 what开头。　　2. 四项的核心词汇分别为最佳方式、个人、研究者、改进，相互之间的关联度不高。　　结论：本题为本篇短文的第一题，可能考查讨论的话题。　　【解析】题目问的并不是本篇短文的话题，而是讲话者在进行这段阐述之前可能讲了什么内容，此类问题的答题线索往往在短文的开头处。短文第一句提到：“好，我们接着讲。正如我之前提到的，也有研究表明，一个人在有他人在场的时候，常常会表现得更糟而不是更好。”worse 和 not better暗示之前讲话者所说的内容应该是“一个人在有他人在场的时候，常常会表现得更好”。故选B。　　34. C 　　【解题思路】　　1. 四项均以 when you开头，表明事情发生的时间条件。　　2. 两项涉及观众以及其他人(audience，other people)。　　结论：本题可能涉及某种情境对人与他人关系的影响，要特别留意时间条件。　　【解析】题目问根据罗伯茨的观点，什么时候观众的存在会帮助你表现得更好。可以在短文中部的人名处找到答题线索。约翰·罗伯茨是一名社会心理学家，他解开了为什么人们在观众面前有时表现好，有时表现差这一难题。他发现，当你已经知道该做什么，也就是你知道自己在做什么的时候，观众能帮助你表现得更好。这段论述的关键词是 you already know how to do，对应C项，故选C。　　35. B

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对啊网[www.duia.com ]让学习触手可得 四级真题系列　　【解题思路】四项均为以动名词开头的短语，分别为：不断练习、独立工作、通过行动 来 学 习、使 用已被证实 的方法 听音重点 为 constantly、by oneself、doing 和proven。　　【解析】罗伯茨提到，如果你不知道自己在做什么，也就是准备不充分的话，你很可能就会犯错，而当有观众在场的时候，这种犯错会持续更长的时间。因此他建议，如果你是第一次学做某件事，开始时最好先独立练习，而不是和其他人一起练习。 B项中的working by oneself 是对短文中提到的 working alone 的同义转述，故选B。　　Section C 　　【听力原文】　 　Americans today have different eating habits than they had in the past. There is a wide [36] selection of food available. They have a broader [37] knowledge of nutrition ( 营 养 ), so they buy more fresh fruit and [38]vegetables than ever before. At the same time, Americans [39] purchase increasing quantities of sweets and sodas. 　 　Statistics show that the way people live [40] determines the way they eat. American lifestyles have changed. There are now growing numbers of people who live alone, [41] single parents and children, and double-income families. These changing lifestyles are [42] responsible for the increasing number of people who must [43] rush meals or sometimes simply go without them. Many Americans have less time than ever before to spend preparing food. [44] Partly as a consequence of this limited time, over half of all American homes now have microwave ovens. Moreover, Americans eat out nearly four times a week on average. 　 　 It is easy to study the amounts and kinds of food that people consume. [45] The United States Department of Agriculture and the food industry collect sales statistics and keep accurate records. This information not only tells us what people are eating, but also tells us about the changes in attitudes and tastes. [46] Red meat, which used to be the most popular choice for dinner, is no longer an American favorite. Instead, chicken, turkey, and fish have become more popular. Sales of these foods have greatly increased in recent years. 　　36. selection选择 40. determine决定　　37. knowledge认知，了解；知识 41. single单身的　　38. vegetable蔬菜 42. responsible 有责任的　　39. purchase购买 43. rush匆忙地做(某事)　　Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)　　Section A 　　【参考译文】　　对于美国数百万的青少年来说. 速食午餐和晚餐中最棒的部分就是吃着炸薯条，再灌下一杯汽水。但是，随着人们日渐[48]关注速食对儿童肥胖症的影响，[47]根据健康专家的建议，有 19家餐饮公司正在承诺将为孩子们提供更加健康的可供选择的菜单。　　比如说汉堡王，作为美国第二大快餐连锁店，将从本月起自动 [49]停止儿童套餐中炸薯条和汽水的供应，尽管它们还是[50]可以(单独)购买的。然而，该公司在周二时声称，它们的店员会在配餐前主动询问家长是否[51]更喜欢牛奶或苹果片。“我们会让顾客[52]

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对啊网[www.duia.com ]让学习触手可得 四级真题系列指定自己想要吃的东西。”该连锁店政府关系部门的副总经理充雷格·普鲁舍说。其他参与其中的连锁店，包括 Denny’s，Chili’s，Friendly’s 和 Chevy’s餐厅，也推出了[53]各式各样可供选择的菜单。　　作为“让儿童生活得更好”这项运动的一部分——预计在周三向 [54]全国公布这一运动——参与此活动的餐厅必须保证提供至少一种热量低于 600 卡路里的儿童餐，不含软饮料，并且至少包含以下食物组合中的两[55]项：水果、蔬菜、全谷类、瘦肉蛋白或低脂乳制品。在其他要求中，这些餐厅提供的配菜必须满足类似的[56]标准，热量不得超过 200卡路里，并且来自糖的卡路里不得超过 35％。　　【答案解析】　　47. N 　　【语法判断】空格前为连词 but，空格后为名词短语 a cue from health experts，该句的后半句句子成分完整，前半句充当主句部分的伴随状语，可知此处应填入现在分词。　　【语意判断】符合语法条件的选项有 recommending 和 taking。recommending意为“建议；推荐”，无法与 a cue搭配。taking a cue from 是固定搭配，意为“根据……的建议；按照……的指点”，放在句子中意为“根据健康专家的建议”。故选N。　　48. D 　　【语法判断】该空所在的句子是 when引导的定语从句，修饰先行词 time。空格前为关系副词 when，空格后是 is growing over. . . ，可知此处缺少一个主语。由于谓语动词是单数 is，所以此处应填入一个单数名词。　　【语意判断】符合语法条件的选项有 concern、species 和 variety。concern 意为“关心；顾虑”，species 意为“物种，种”，variety 意为“种类，多样性”。根据句意可知，此处作者想要表达的是“随着人们日渐关注速食对儿童肥胖症的影响”，只有concern符合句意。故选D。　　49. M 　　【语法判断】空格前为助动词 will，空格后为 automatically including，可知此处应填入一个可接 doing 的动词原形。　　【语意判断】符合语法条件的动词有 begin、prefer 和 stop。begin doing sth. 意为“开始做某事”，prefer doing sth. 意为“宁愿做某事”，stop doing sth. 意为“停止做某事”。根据上下文可知，一些餐饮公司正在致力于为儿童提供更加健康的可选菜单而炸薯条和汽水都属于不健康的食物，所以可知此处应该表示“停止儿童餐中炸薯条和汽水的供应”，stop符合题意。故选M。　　50. B 　　【语法判断】空格前是系动词 be，推断此处应填入形容词。　　【语意判断】符合语法条件的有 available、nationwide 和 possible。available 意为“可用的，可获得的”，nationwide 意为“全国范围的”，possible 意为“可能的”。根据上下文可知，此处作者想要表达的意思是，快餐店仍然有炸薯条和汽水可供购买。available 表示“可获得的”，符合句意，故选B。　　51. I 　　【语法判断】空格前是代词 they，空格后是名词短语 such options，可知空格处应填入及物动词。　　【语意判断】符合语法条件的选项较多，有 adapt、begin、concern、prefer 和specify。adapt 意为“使适应；改编”，begin 意为“开始”，concern 意为“涉及，关系到”，prefer 意为“宁愿；更喜欢”，specify 意为“指定；详述”。根据上下文可知，此句要表达的是店员会在配餐前主动询问家长是否更喜欢牛奶或苹果片，五个选项中

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对啊网[www.duia.com ]让学习触手可得 四级真题系列只有 prefer 更切合文意，故选 I。　　52. L 　　【语法判断】空格前是介词 to，空格后是宾语从句，可知此处应填入一个及物动词。　　【语意判断】符合语法条件的选项还有 adapt(使适应)、begin(开始)、concern(涉及)和 specify(指定)。此句意为“我们会让顾客_________自己想要吃的东西”，将四个动词分别填入空格中，只有 specify符合句意，表示“让顾客指定自己想要吃的东西”，故选 L。　　53. O 　　【语法判断】空格前是不定冠词 a，空格后是 of，可知此处应填入一个单数名词。　　【语意判断】符合语法条件的名词还有 species 和 variety。species 是单复数同形的名词，意为“物种，种”，variety 意为“种类，多样性”。a variety of 是固定搭配，表示“各种各样的”，放在句中意为“其他参与其中的连锁店也推出了各式各样可供选择的菜单”，故选O。　　54. G 　　【语法判断】expected to be announced _________Wednesday 在句中作插入语，是 一 个省略了 which is 的非限制性定 语 从句，修饰其前面的 kids Live Well campaign。该从句句子成分完整，可知此处应填副词。　　【语意判断】符合语法条件的只有 nationwide。nationwide 意为“在全国”，在句中作状语，说明此项声明发表的范围。本句意为“预计在周三向全国公布这项运动”。故选G。　　55. F 　　【语法判断】空格前为 two，空格后为 from the following food groups，可知此处应为复数名词。　　【语意判断】符合条件的名词选项有 criteria、items 和 species。items 意为“条目；项目”，criteria 意为“标准”，species 意为“物种，种”。分别将三个词代入句中，只有 two items from the following food groups讲得通，意为“以下食物组合中的两项”。故选 F。　　56. E 　　【语法判断】空格前为形容词 similar，可知此处应填入名词，并且可以和 meet搭配，作 meet 的宾语。　　【语意判断】符合语法条件的只有 criteria 一项。meet criteria 为常用搭配，意为“符合标准”。根据上下文可知，此处要表达的是“这些餐厅提供的配菜必须满足类似的标准”。故选 E。　　Section B 　　Passage One 　　【参考译文】　　正如你可能意识到的一样，最近的就业市场不景气：失业率仍高于 9％，而新工作的增长率几乎已经降低为零。毋庸置疑，这对于经济来说很糟糕。而且，如果你现在碰巧正在找工作或者希望换个职业的话，这种情况可能就尤其令人沮丧。 [57]但是事实上，它对你的影响根本没有你想象得那么大。　　[58]这是因为工作增长的数量对求职者的影响并不像人员更替数据的影响那样大。毕竟，由于升职、辞职、解雇和退休，现有的工作岗位每天都会产生新的空缺。 (是的，即使在如今这种经济状况下，也有人退休。)[58]无论是经济繁荣时期还是经济衰退时期，人员更替带来的职位空缺都比经济增长带来的多。即使在 2007 年的 6月，当经济还在发展，

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对啊网[www.duia.com ]让学习触手可得 四级真题系列工作数量的增长只有 13. 2万的时候，人员更替带来的职位数量已经达到了 470万!　　而且事实上，即使在工作数量几乎为零增长的今天，每个月仍有 400 多万的求职者被雇用。　　[59]我不是想暗示工作总量的增长对个人是否能获得工作没有影响。如果就业总数增多，的确意味着我们所有人有更多的工作可以选择 ( 以及为此竞争 ) 。 而且，目前每一个可获得的职位空缺，无论它是新开设的岗位还是别人离职后空缺出来的，都的确有更多的人去申请。　　[59][60]但是那些能够获得工作的人和无法获得工作的人的区别通常在于能否一直保持积极性。获得工作的人始终愿意努力确认自己所拥有的宝贵技能，对去哪里找工作和如何找工作有着创造性的想法，会去学习如何向潜在雇主展现自己，即使屡遭拒绝还是会一直坚持下去。[61]美国劳工统计局的数据袁明， 270 万想要并且可以找工作的人在过去的 四周之内并没有找工作。他们甚至已经不被归类为失业者。　　所以，不要上新闻标题的当而放弃找工作。在美国，每个月有 400万人找到工作。你也可以是其中之一。　　【说明文：能否找到工作主要取决于求职者的就业积极性】　　第 1 段：提出就业市场的确不景气，但它对求职者的影响也许没有想象中大。　　第 2～3 段：解释原因，无论经济状况如何，人员更替带来的职位空缺都比经济增长带来的多。　　第 4～5 段：工作总量的增加对个人能否获得工作的确有影响，但是否能找到工作的根本在于求职者能否一直保持积极性。　　第 6 段：重申观点：不要因为就业市场不景气而放弃找工作。只要坚持，一定会找到工作。　　【答案解析】　　57. C 　　【定位】根据题干关键词 high unemployment rate 和出题顺序与文章顺序基本一致的原则可以将答案定位到文章第一段。　　【解析】本题考查作者的观点。第一段第一句就提到了就业市场不景气。文章中的the latest job markets news isn’t good 与题干中的 high unemployment rate 表达的意思相同。第一段接下来的几句都是对第一句的进一步阐释，指出就业市场不景气所带来的负面影响。最后一句用 but转折指出，“但是事实上，它对你的影响根本没有你想象得那么大”。it指的就是就业市场不景气的状况。再结合后文可知，作者认为即使现在失业率较高，人们只要保持积极性，还是可以找到工作的。选项 C“高失业率不应该阻碍人们找工作”与作者的观点一致，故为答案。选项 B 和 D 文中没有提及，很容易排除。选项 A看似符合常理，但却不是作者的观点，故也排除。　　58. B 　　【定位】根据题干关键词 most job openings 可以将答案定位到文章第二段。　　【解析】本题问大部分职位空缺从哪里来。由第二段第一句“……工作增长的数量对求职者的影响并不像人员更替数据的影响那样大”和第四句“无论是经济繁荣时期还是经济衰退时期，人员更替带来的职位空缺都比经济增长带来的多”可知，无论经济状况如何人员更替都会带来更多的职位空缺，故选B。　　59. A 　　【定位】根据题干关键词 overall job growth 可以将答案定位到文章第四段第一句。　　【解析】本题问作者对于工作总量的增长持什么看法。第四段第一句指出“我不是想暗示工作总量的增长对个人是否能获得工作没有影响”，也就是说，作者认为工作总量的

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对啊网[www.duia.com ]让学习触手可得 四级真题系列增长对个人能否找到工作有一定的作用。但根据下文可知，工作总量的增长虽然提供了更多机会，但同时也加大了竞争，而能否找到工作的根本原因在于求职者能否保持积极性。所以工作总量的增长对求职者的影响不大，故选项 A正确。B、C、D三项文中均未提及，故排除。　　60. C 　　【定位】根据题干关键词 the key to landing a job 可将答案定位到倒数第二段第一句。　　【解析】本题问作者认为找工作的关键是什么。倒数第二段第一句指出，“但是那些能够获得工作的人和无法获得工作的人的区别通常在于能否一直保持积极性。”能否保持积极性也就是能否一直积极地找工作，下文具体说明了能够找到工作的人所具有的特点，最后一点是“即使屡遭拒绝还是会一直坚持下去”。由此可知，作者认为找工作的关键在于坚持，故选项 C正确。A、B、D三项在找工作中看似都很重要，但不是作者的观点，故排除。　　61. D 　　【定位】根据题干关键词 unemployment figures in the U. S. 可以将答案定位到文章倒数第二段最后一句。题干中的 unemployment figures in the U. S. 与原文中的the Bureau of Labor Statistics data 为同义转述。　　【解析】倒数第二段最后一句指出，“美国劳工统计局的数据表明，270万想要并且可以找工作的人在过去的四周之内并没有找工作，他们甚至已经不被归类为失业者”。也就是说美国的失业数据中将那些停止找工作的人排除了。选项D 的意思与文章的意思一致，故为答案。A、B、C三项文中均未提及，故排除。　　Passage Two 　　【参考译文】　　[62]随着渐渐老去，我们患癌症的风险会大大增加。所以，老年人应该针对新的肿瘤进行常规筛查，这很合理，不是吗 ? 　　[63]总的来说，人们如此警觉地对癌症进行筛查是件好事，但研究者们越来越怀疑对于老年人来说进行所有这些检查是否有必要。到 2050 年，65岁以上的老年人人口比例几乎将翻倍，因此，权衡癌症筛查对健康带来的益处与常规检查的风险与花销就很重要。　　在多数情况下，筛查之后人们都会进行切除肿瘤的手术，但是这些癌细胞本身可能扩散得很慢，可能在病人余下的岁月中都不会给其带来严重的健康问题。 [64]但是，人人必须进行癌症筛查的观念根深蒂固，以至于当医疗保健专家建议 50 岁以下、 74 岁以上的女 士不要筛查乳腺癌时，引起了医生、患者以及提倡进行癌症筛查的群体的强烈反应。　　想用科学数据来根除癌症筛查这一根深蒂固的观念很难。当然，有些年龄超过 75岁的老人通过常规癌症筛查发现了癌细胞，并在治疗之后多活了几年。显然，那些有其他可能导致癌症的危险因素，比如有家族病史或者个人病史的 75岁以上的老年人应该继续接受定期筛查。但是对于其他 75岁以上的老年人来说，在生命即将结束时增加的患癌风险需要与其他因素，比如剩余的预期寿命进行权衡。　　最近的一项研究表明，医生们开始对谁会从癌症筛查中真正受益做出更客观的决定，特别是考虑到即将使人口数量膨胀的老年人的增多。　　这并不好计算，但却是件对所有病人都有意义的事情。[65]奥蒂斯 · 布劳利医生说： “许多医生仅仅是为了自保才为患者安排癌症筛查。我们需要考虑对医疗保健的合理使用。”　　[66]这意味着要针对老年患者做出艰难的决定，并且要违背“医疗保健总是越多越好”这一被误导的观念。

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对啊网[www.duia.com ]让学习触手可得 四级真题系列　　【议论文：并不是每位老年人都需要进行常规癌症筛查】　　第 1 段：年龄越大患癌症的风险越高，所以进行常规的癌症筛查看似合理。　　第 2 段：考虑到筛查癌症对健康带来的益处与其风险与花销，研究者们越来越怀疑对老年人进行所有的常规癌症筛查是否有必要。　　第 3～4 段：对于某些老年人来说，癌症筛查以及随后的手术并没有必要，但进行常规癌症筛查的观念根深蒂固，想要根除很难。　　第 5～6 段：医生开始意识到这一问题，认为在老年人人口数量越来越多的情况下，要合理使用医疗保健。　　第 7 段：指明医疗保健并不是越多越好。　　62. D 　　【定位】根据题干关键词 routine cancer screening for elderly people 可将答案定位到文章第一段。　　【解析】第一段提到“随着渐渐老去，我们患癌症的风险会大大增加。所以，老年人应该针对新的肿瘤进行常规筛查，这很合理”。我们知道，患癌症就是长恶性肿瘤，所以选项D“老年人长肿瘤的风险更大”与原文相符，故为答案。选项 A、B、C原文均未提及，故排除。　　63. C 　 　 【 定 位 】根据 题干关键词 some researchers 和 now look at routine cancer screening for the elderly 可将答案定位到文章第二段。　　【解析】第二段第一句的后半句提到，“研究者们越来越怀疑对于老年人来说进行所有这些检查是否有必要”。选项 C“他们怀疑其必要性”与原文相符，故为正确答案。其中的 are doubtful 与原文中的 are questioning 为同义替换，its necessity 与 whether. . . is necessary 为同义替换。选项 A 文中未提及，故排除。选项 B虽然再现了原文中的短语 life expectancy，但原文并没有说研究者认为癌症筛查可以延长人们的预期寿命，故排除。原文只是说研究者怀疑癌症筛查的必要性，并没有说癌症筛查弊大于利，故排除选项D。　　64. B 　　【定位】根据题干关键词 women screening for breast cancer 可以将答案定位到文章第三段第二句　　【解析】本题问关于女性筛查乳腺癌，传统的观点是怎样的。第三段第二句提到，“但是，人人必须进行癌症筛查的观念根深蒂固，以至于当医疗保健专家建议 50岁以下、74岁以上的女士不要筛查乳腺癌时，引起了医生、患者以及提倡进行癌症筛查的群体的强烈反应。”由其中的“人人必须进行癌症筛查”可知，选项 B“成年女性必须进行乳腺癌筛查”与之意思相符，故为答案。由“专家建议 50岁以下、74岁以上的女士不再筛查乳腺癌”可知，目前 50岁以下和 74岁以上的女士都是进行乳腺癌筛查的，故可排除 A、D 两项。选项C 与原文“人人必须进行癌症筛查”不符，故也排除。　　65. A 　　【定位】根据题干关键词 many doctors prescribe routine screening for cancer可将答案定位到文章倒数第二段。　　【解析】本题问为什么许多医生都建议病人进行常规癌症检查。原文倒数第二段奥蒂斯·布劳利医生的话解释了原因：“许多医生仅仅是为了自保才为患者安排癌症筛查。”也就是说，医生为了不给自己找麻烦而按照患者的意思为其安排癌症筛查，选项 A“他们想保护自己免于医疗纠纷”与原文意思相符，为正确答案。选项 B、C、D 文中均未提及，故排除。

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对啊网[www.duia.com ]让学习触手可得 四级真题系列　　66. A 　　【定位】根据题干关键词 general view about health care 以及出题顺序与文章顺序基本一致的原则可以将答案定位到文章最后一段。　　【解析】虽然原文没有出现 general view，但是其中的 misguided belief 与之意思相近，其后的内容“医疗保健总是越多越好”即为正确答案。选项 A 与原文中的 more is always better 同义，故为答案。B、C、D 三项所表达的都不是人们对于医疗保健的普遍看法，故排除。　　Part Ⅴ Cloze 　　【提纲】　　第 1 段：提出论点，即母亲与婴儿间形成的情感纽带会影响孩子探索世界的行为。　　第 2 段：通过已经发表的文章中所做的实验来证明本文的论点。 　　第 3 段：选择不同的受试者，进一步证明本文的论点。　　67. D 　　【语境分析】本空位于第一段首句。该句是全文的主旨句，大意是母亲与婴儿问形成的强烈的情感纽带会促进孩子想要探索世界的意愿，这是一种已经在动物王国，包括人类猴子，甚至是蜘蛛身上观察到的效应。显然后半句想要表达的意思是这个效应适用于整个动物王国。结合选项可知，只有 D项符合题意。　 　 【 词义分 析 】 by“ 被；经由”， up“向上”， above“ 在……上面；超过”，across“在……各处；穿过”。　　68. B 　　【语境分析】本空位于第一段第二句。该句意为“在与母亲的_________中，我们越觉得安全，就越倾向于尝试新事物并冒险”。由提纲可知全文讲述的是母亲与婴儿间形成的情感纽带，综合四个选项，只有 B项 attachment“依赖，依附”符合句意。　　【词义分析】concern“关心”，attachment“依赖，依附”，treatment“对待；待遇”，appeal“恳求；吸引力”。　　69. C 　　【语境分析】本空位于第一段第四句。从选项来看，本题考查形容词辨析。结合选项可以推测，本空所在短句想要表达的意思是“仅仅想到母亲的爱抚”。bare 强调数量少，unique指独特性，mere 强调事物虽小却有很重要的影响，just 意为“适当的，正好的”。综合选项可知，此处应选C。　 　 【 词义分 析 】 bare“仅有 的；最 低限度 的”， unique“独一无二的 ，独特的”，mere“仅仅的；只不过”，just“适当的，正好的”。　　70. A 　　【语境分析】本空仍位于第一段第四句。该句的意思是“仅仅想到母亲的爱抚或者是她打电话时的声音就_________改变人们的想法和心情”，对比四个选项，只有 A项符合题意。　　【词义分析】enough“足够的，充分的”，ready“准备就绪的；乐意的”，easy“简单的，容易的”，quick“快的；灵敏的”。　　71. C 　　【语境分析】本空仍位于第一段第四句。分析句子可知，空格所在处讲的仍是母亲与婴儿之间的情感纽带对成人的影响，即“以明显的方式_________他们的决策过程”。四个选项中，只有 C项“影响”符合句意。　　【词义分析】generating“产生；引起”，regulating“管理；调节”，affecting“影响”，refining“精炼；改进”。

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对啊网[www.duia.com ]让学习触手可得 四级真题系列　　72. B 　　【语境分析】本空位于第二段首句。此处想要表达的意思是“在 Psychological Science 四月份发表在网站上的一项研究中”，四个选项中只有 published 有“发表”的意思，故选B。　 　 【 词义分 析 】 exhibited“ 显 示；展出”， published“ 公开发 表；公布”，appeared“出现；出版”，advertised“做广告：宣传”。　　73. A 　　【语境分析】本空仍位于第二段首句。分析句子可知，破折号之后的分句是对破折号之前的 safe bets and risky gambles 进行解释说明。a riskier stock option 与 risky gambles呼应，指的是一种风险较大的优先认股权；本空所在短语 a guaranteed 4 percent yearly_________则与 safe bets 对应，指代另外一种相对安全的收益方法。由此可知，此处缺少一个表示“获益”的词，故选A。　　【词义分析】return“盈利；收益”，expense“费用；开支”，cost“成本；代价”，prize“奖金；奖赏”。　　74. D 　　【语境分析】本空位于第二段第二句。pat 的意思是“轻打，轻拍”，故选 D。还可用排除法进行选择。本空所在的分句所要表达的意思是“实验者在学生的后背_________拍了一下”。四个选项中，seemingly 的意思是“表面上；似乎”，与后文中出现的touched 相矛盾，因为实验者确实拍了学生，而不只是看起来拍了，所以排除 A；strongly 的意思是“强有力地”，与下文中提到的 reassuring touch(宽慰的抚摸)相矛盾，因为宽慰的抚摸应该是力度比较轻的，故 B项错误；C项用在此处意思不通顺，也排除，故答案是 D。 　　【词义分析】seemingly“表面上；似乎”，strongly“强有力地”，partly“在一定程度上；部分地”，lightly“轻轻地；轻微地”。　　75. C 　　【语境分析】本空仍位于第二段第二句。分析句子可知，该空所在分句与前半句的内容并非条件关系、因果关系或者转折关系，故排除 A、B、D项。while除了表示转折外，还可以表示“当……时候；与……同时”之意，用在句中表示“研究者在对这项研究进行口头说明的同时快速地轻拍了学生的背，”故选C。　　【词义分析】if“如果，假如”，表示假设；so“因此；这样”，可以表示因果关系，也可以表示目的；while“当……时候；与……同时”；whereas"然而；尽管”，表示转折。　　76. B 　　【语境分析】本空位于第二段第三句。由空格后的 more likely 可知，该空所填词用来修饰形容词比较级，四个选项中只有 B项有这个用法。　　【词义分析】rather"相当；在一定程度上”；far“很；较远的”；further 是 far 的比较级，意为“较远的，更远的”；pretty“相当；颇”。　　77. A 　　【语境分析】本空仍位于第二段第三句。句中同时出现了 who were touched 和who had not been touched，结合上题分析可知，该句是对这两者进行比较，故此处应选 than。　　【词义分析】than“比”，用于比较级之后，引导表示比较关系的从句或短语；as“与……一样”，常用于形容词或副词之前，构成 as…as 的比较句型；which”哪一个”，可引导定语从句；that“那个”，可引导定语从句，用来指要表明或要提及的人或物。

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对啊网[www.duia.com ]让学习触手可得 四级真题系列　　78. C 　　【语境分析】本空位于第二段第四句。这句话是对前面提到的实验的总结，本空所在分句的意思是，“女性实验者宽慰的抚摸可能会勾起学生们儿时的回忆，_________对探索同样的欲望”。文章第一段中也提到过，孩子与母亲的关系越密切，对母亲的依赖性越强就越倾向于尝试新事物。故可知，此处缺少一个表示“激发”的词。四个选项中只有 C项有这个意思。　　【词义分析】intending“计划，打算”，inferring“推论，推断”，inspiring“鼓舞；激起”，instructing“指示”。　　79. A 　　【语境分析】本空仍位于第二段第四句。整句话的意思是，“女性实验者宽慰的抚摸可能会勾起学生们儿时的回忆，激发他们对探索的欲望，这种欲望与有着_________母亲的孩子身上所表现出来的是一样的。”前半句中“宽慰的抚摸”是一种女性的鼓励，所以后半句中母亲所具有的特质也应该是鼓励性的。四项中，只有 A项与这一意思最为相符。　　【词义分析】supportive“支持的”，lively“活泼的；生动的”，strict“严格的，严厉的”，respectful“尊敬的，尊重的；有礼貌的”。　　80. D 　　【语境分析】本空位于第三段首句。大致浏览该段内容可以看出，这是实验者所做的另一个实验。结合选项可知，该实验是为了进一步证实本文的论点，所以 D项正确。　　【词义分析】enable“使能够”，ensure“保证；确保”，consent“准许；同意”，confirm“证实；确认”。　　81. B 　　【语境分析】本空仍位于第三段首句。从上一段我们知道，被女性轻拍过的学生更加有安全感，也更容易选择有风险的选项。由上题可知。该段是为了进一步证实本文的观点故也是为了验证女性的抚摸对人们的安全感和承担风险能力的影响。结合选项可知，此处选with。link. . . with. . . 是固定搭配，意为“将……和……联系起来”。　　【词义分析】beyond“超出；远于”，with“和；具有”，for“为；对”，along“沿着；顺着”。　　82. C 　　【语境分析】本空仍位于第三段首句。由上两题的分析可知，本段描述的是实验者所做的另一个实验，以进一步证实本文的论点。故可知此处想表达的意思是“不同的受试者”，故选C。　 　 【 词义分 析 】 relative“ 相 对 的；比 较 的”， competitive“ 竞 争 的；比赛的”，different“不同的；有区别的”，successive“接连的；连续的”。　　83. B 　　【语境分析】本空位于第三段第二句。由空格前面的 whereas 可知，前后两个分句之间是转折关系。前一个分句提到了 half of them(一半的受试者)，故后半句中的 the _________half肯定表示的是“另一半的受试者”，故选B。　　【词义分析】next“下一个；邻近的”，other“(两者之中)另外一个的”，minor“较小的；次要的”，opposite “对面的；相反的”。 　　84. D 　　【语境分析】本空位于第三段第三句。此处的意思是“唤起一种不安的_________”，四个选项中只有 sense 意思符合。a sense of. . . 为固定搭配，表示“一种……(样)的感觉”。　　【词义分析】hint“暗示；示意”，clue“线索；提示”，chain“链条；一系列的事

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对啊网[www.duia.com ]让学习触手可得 四级真题系列物”，sense“感觉；察觉”。　　85. A 　　【语境分析】本空仍位于第三段第三句。此处想表达的意思是，“心中涌起的不安的感觉使得后一组的受试者_________愿意接受女性实验者在其肩膀上轻拍”。结合选项可知，本题选A。　 　 【 词义分 析 】 especially“特别；尤其”， specially“特别地；专门地”securely“安全地；无疑地”，entirely“完全地：彻底地”。　　86. D 　　【语境分析】本空仍位于第三段第三句。该分句的意思是，“当孩子离开家去野外旅行时，他会在上车的前一刻_________妈妈那里偷一个安心的拥抱”。结合选项可知，只有from符合题意。　　【词义分析】toward“向；朝”， into“到……里；进入”，of“关于；……的”，from“从……；来自”。　　Part Ⅵ Translation 　　87. had I felt/got so excited 　　【考查点】短语：feel/get excited 感到激动　　句型：never、hardly、seldom、scarcely、nor 等否定性副词置于句首时，句子谓语部分要采用部分倒装句式，即“be/助动词+主语+其他”。　　【随学随练】seldom_________(他去教室上课)，so he failed the final exam. 　　88. would have said something that she would regret later 　　【考查点】语法：otherwise 用在句中形成的含蓄虚拟语气。otherwise 意为“否则，要不然”，在句中相当于 if it were not the case，引出一种与既有事实相反的情况，因此其后往往会使用虚拟语气。　　本句表示与过去的情况相反，故使用 would have done 的结构。 　　【随学随练】You’d better do it right now. Otherwise_________(你的老师会批评你的). 　　89. (in)concentrating on the review of lessons 或(in)focusing(my mind)on the review of lessons 　　【考查点】短语：concentrate on sth. /focus(one’s mind)on sth. 集中注意力于某事　　【随学随练】In order to do the job perfectly，we should_________(集中精力做好准备). 　　90. have heard them talk/talking in French 　　【考查点】语法：感官动词 hear 后跟动词原形或现在分词作宾语补足语，即 hear sb. do sth. 和 hear sb. doing sth. 。当用省略 to 的不定式(即动词原形)作宾补时，强调听到某一动作的全部过程；用现在分词作宾补则强调听到某个动作正在发生。本题由于语境不全，“听到他们用法语交流”既可以理解为过程，也可以理解为动作当时正在发生故用两种形式均可。具有相同用法的感官动词还有 see、feel、smell 等。　　句型：This/It is the first time(that)…意为“这是……第一次……”，that 后的从句需使用现在完成时，引导词 that 可以省略。　　【随学随练】It is the first time that he_________(乘坐飞机旅行). 　　91. accessible for free 　　【考查点】词汇：accessible adj. 可得到的，可获取的　　短语：for free 免费

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对啊网[www.duia.com ]让学习触手可得 四级真题系列　　【随学随练】Broader space for development should_________(让每个有才能的人都能获取). 　　随学随练答案　　87. did he go to class 　　88. your teacher would criticize you 　 　 89. concentrate on making good preparations / focus (our mind) on making good preparations 　　90. has traveled by plane 　　91. be accessible to every talented person

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