tun-ch-1
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Σημειώσεις Σχεδιασμού Υπογείων ΈργωνTRANSCRIPT
. . . 2005 . , 26/12/2004 1-2 . , 26/12/2004 1-3 . , ScD , . . - : http://www.civil.ntua.gr/~kavvadas/ : [email protected] . . 8, 2005 . , 26/12/2004 1-4 . , 26/12/2004 1-5 1. ..................................... 1-11 1.1 ......................................................................... 1-11 1.1.1 ........................................................ 1-11 1.1.2 (RQD)........................................ 1-12 1.1.3 ................................................. 1-13 1.1.4 ................................................................ 1-13 1.2 .................................................... 1-14 1.2.1 RMR (Bieniawski) ................................................................... 1-14 1.2.2 GSI ......................................................................................... 1-16 1.2.3 Q (NGI) ................................................................................... 1-19 2. . Error! 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Bookmark not defined. 8.3.3 ...................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 8.3.4 .................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 8.4 Error! Bookmark not defined. 8.4.1 .......................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 8.4.2 Error! Bookmark not defined. 8.4.3 ....... Error! Bookmark not defined. . , 26/12/2004 1-7 ., ,, . (). ..: 1. "" " ". 2. "" " ". . 2005 . , 26/12/2004 1-8 . , 26/12/2004 1-9 1.HoekE,KaiserP.K.andBawdenW.F.(1994)SupportofUndergroundExcavationsin Hard Rock, Balkema. 2.HoekEandT.T.Brown(1980)"Undergroundexcavationsinrock",Publishedforthe Institution of Mining and Metallurgy by Chapman and Hall. 3.ICEDesignandpracticeGuide(1996)"Sprayedconcretelinings(NATM)fortunnelsin soft ground", Thomas Telford Publishing, The Institution of Civil Engineers, London. 4.Franciss F.O. (1994) Weak Rock Tunnelling, Balkema 5.SinhaR.S.(Editor)(1989)UndergroundStructures-DesignandInstrumentation, Elsevier 6.JaegerJ.C.andCookN.G.W.(1976)"FundamentalsofRockMechanics",Chapmanand Hall. 7.StaggK.G.andZienkiewiczO.C.(1978)"RockMechanicsinEngineeringPractice",J. Wiley. . , 26/12/2004 1-10 . , 26/12/2004 1-11 1 1. 1.1 ,. ,, () ., (.. ) , . : 1. 2. (RQD) 3. 4. 1.1.1 (ci) (uniaxialcompressionstrength)"" . , , , , "". (ci), : ( ISRM, 1981) ci (MPa) > 250 100-250 50-100 25-50 5-25 1-5 . 0.25-1 . , 26/12/2004 1-12 "" ., : ( British Geological Society, 1970)) (F) (F.W) (S.W) (M.W) , (H.W) , (C.W) , (R.S) ( ) 1.1.2 (RQD) (RockQualityDesignation-RQD) .RQD() 100mm , : ( )% 100cm 10>= RQDRQD : 1. . 101mm RQD 10% 99mm RQD. 2. ( )"", ,,. . 3. .,RQD RQD' . . , 26/12/2004 1-131.1.3 (discontinuities) : 1. (faults) 2. (joints) 3. (bedding planes) 4. (foliation) : 1. ()(numberofjointsets). . . 2. (jointspacing). : (m) > 2 m 0.6 - 2 m 0.2 - 0.6 m 0.06 - 0.2 m < 0.06 m : 1. (roughness)., :,,, (slickensided). 2. (alteration) : () ( ) () 100 mm () 100mm , ( ): 0, 1mm, 1-5mm, 5mm. 1.1.4 , () ., , . ( ), , . . , 26/12/2004 1-14 1.2 . , () 1( ),. , . : 1. RMR (Bieniawski) 2. Q (NGI) Hoek (1995) (GSI) RMR . RMR, GSI Q. 1.2.1 RMR (Bieniawski) RMR(RockMassRating)Bieniawski 1976,1979(Bieniawski,1979) ()1989(Bieniawski,1989). , (6) . RMR. : 1. "" (ci) ci (MPa) R1 > 25015 100 - 25012 - 15 50 - 1007 - 12 25 - 504 - 7 5 - 252 - 4 1 - 51 - 2 < 10 2. (RQD) RQD (%) R2 > 9020 75 - 9017 - 20 50 - 7513 - 17 25 - 508 - 13 < 253 1: 3-5 . , 26/12/2004 1-153. (m) R3 > 220 0.6 - 215 - 20 0.2 - 0.610 - 15 0.06 - 0.28 - 10 < 0.065 4. R4 , 30 , , < 1mm25 , , < 1mm20 (slickensided), 1-5mm10 5mm0 5. R5 15 10 7 4 0 6. R6 0 -2 -5 -10 -12 RMR R1 R6. RMR, : RMR - 81 - 100 - 61 - 80 - 41 - 60 - V21 - 40 - V0 - 20 RMR (RMR>40). (RMR 200> 132.5 200-1013-0.661.0 , " 10-50.66-0.330.5-2.0 "" , 1 5-2.50.33-0.165-10 "" < 2.5< 0.1610-20 (), . SRF 5 - 10 10 - 20 . , 26/12/2004 1-22 () , . SRF 5 - 10 10 - 15 Q, : Q-SYSTEM Q >400Q-Ia 100-400Q-Ib 40-100Q-II 10-40Q-IIIa 4-10Q-IIIb 1-4Q-IVa 0.1-1Q-IVb 0.01-0.1Q-Va