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SEAMEO VOCTECH Regional Centre For Vocational and Technical Education and Training
WFCP World Congress 2014
Beijing, P.R. China, 24-26 October 2014
TVET Initiatives to ASEAN Economic Integration (AEI)
and ASEAN - China Free Trade Area
(ACFTA)
SEAMEO VOCTECH Regional Centre For Vocational and Technical Education and Training
1. Background of the paper 2. TVET related roles 3. Objectives of the paper 4. Quality Assurance Framework 5. Qualification Framework
(National/Regional) 6. Regional platforms linked to TVET 7. TVET responses to AEI and ACFTA
Outline of Presentation
SEAMEO VOCTECH Regional Centre For Vocational and Technical Education and Training
Background
ASEAN Vision 2020:
To transform into a stable, prosperous, and highly competitive region with equitable economic development, and reduced poverty and socio-economic disparities
3
SEAMEO VOCTECH Regional Centre For Vocational and Technical Education and Training
ASEAN Economic Community 2015 (AEC) Thrusts :
a single market & production based
a highly competitive economic region
a region of equitable economic development
a region fully integrated into the global economy
SEAMEO VOCTECH Regional Centre For Vocational and Technical Education and Training
TVET related roles in support for AEC:
human resources development & capacity building
recognition of professional qualifications
integration of industries across the region to promote
regional sourcing
5
SEAMEO VOCTECH Regional Centre For Vocational and Technical Education and Training
Background (continue)
ASEAN-China Free Trade Area (ACFTA):
Trade in goods, services and investment
Provision on other areas of cooperation such as trade facilitation, technology transfer, human resources development, telecommunications, transport, tourism and sub-regional development projects
6
SEAMEO VOCTECH Regional Centre For Vocational and Technical Education and Training
Initiatives for ASEAN Integration (EAI) and the ACFTA that relate to TVET: (a) Human resources development and capacity
building (b) Recognition of professional qualifications, and (c) Integrating industries across the region to
promote regional sourcing.
SEAMEO VOCTECH Regional Centre For Vocational and Technical Education and Training
Objectives
To map out salient TVET initiatives especially those that have potential to offer greater impact not only on the individual country but also on the whole region or beyond.
As a reference and to stimulate ideas and collaboration for improving TVET policies and practices.
In anticipation of ASEAN Integration in 2015-- the flow of goods, students and workers across region will be greater.
Identify TVET initiatives in support of ACFTA, especially on technology transfer and human resources development.
SEAMEO VOCTECH Regional Centre For Vocational and Technical Education and Training
Selected TVET Initiatives that enhance students and
labour mobility
SEAMEO VOCTECH Regional Centre For Vocational and Technical Education and Training
National
National TVET Quality Assurance
National Qualification Framework
Regional Regional Quality
Assurance Framework
Mutual Recognition Arrangements
Regional Qualification Framework
SEAMEO VOCTECH Regional Centre For Vocational and Technical Education and Training
The need for National Qualification Framework
Promotes development, implementation and facilitating transparent mechanism for the assessment, certification, & recognition of skills
A comprehensive NQF has a potential to recognize any learning regardless of the site, the form of provision, and the type of pedagogy and curriculum used
SEAMEO VOCTECH Regional Centre For Vocational and Technical Education and Training
Comparison between some SEA Countries' NQF Indonesia Malaysia Philippines Cambodia
Level Qualification Level Qualification Level Qualification Level Qualification
9 Specialist/Doctor 8 Doctoral degree 8 Doctoral & Post Doctoral
8 Doctor Degree
8 Master 7 Master/Postgraduate Certificate & Diploma
7 Post Baccalaureate
7 Master Degree
7 Professional 6 Baccalaureate/DIV 6 Baccalaureate/Graduate
Cert. & Diploma 6 Baccalaureate 6
Bachelor Degree
5 DIII 5 Advanced Diploma 5 Diploma 5 Associate Deg./ (Higher) Diploma
4 DII 4 Diploma 4 NC4 4 Tech. Voc. Cert. 3
3 DI 3 Skills Certificate 3 3 NC3 3 Tech. Voc . Cert. 2
2 HS 2 Skills Certificate 2 2 NC2/Grade 12 2 Tech. Voc . Cert. 1
1 Elementary/Primary 1 Skills Certificate 1 1 NC1/Grade 10 1 Voc. Cert.
Life
long
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g/R
PL
SEAMEO VOCTECH Regional Centre For Vocational and Technical Education and Training
"Partial" NQF
Some SEA countries have “partial” NQF whereby not all education and training qualifications included in the framework.
Several countries have more than one Qualifications framework. Some put emphasis on higher education while others
emphasize more on TVET. Example: Thailand: NQF for HE: Level 1 (Associate Degree), Level 2
(Bachelor), Level 3 (Graduate Diploma), Level 4 (Master), Level 5 (Higher Graduate Diploma), Level 6 (Doctorate).
Office for Vocational Education Commission (OVEC) developed TVET qualification framework consisting of 7 levels: Level 1(semi skilled), Level 2 (Craftsman/skilled), Level 3 (highly skilled), Level 4(technician), Level 5 (senior technician), Level 6 (specialist), Level 7 (senior specialist).
SEAMEO VOCTECH Regional Centre For Vocational and Technical Education and Training
The need for National TVET Quality Assurance
Serves to build a benchmark of assuring TVET programmes and services so that this will assure the employers to hire TVET graduates
Foundation for developing qualification frameworks.
SEAMEO VOCTECH Regional Centre For Vocational and Technical Education and Training
ASEAN (10)
1. Brunei 2. Indonesia 3. Malaysia 4. Philippines 5. Singapore 6. Thailand 7. Vietnam
11. East Timor*
19. India
12. Australia 13. China 14. Japan 15. Korea 16. New Zealand 17. Russia 18. USA*
8. Cambodia 9. Lao PDR 10. Myanmar
APEC (21)
China Taipei Canada Chili Mexico PNG Peru
Austria Belgium Bulgaria Cyprus Czech Rep. Denmark Estonia European Commission Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Ireland Italy Latvia Lithuania
ASEAN Secretariat Bangladesh Mongolia Luxembourg Malta Netherlands Norway Poland Portugal Romania Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sweden Switzerland United Kingdom
ASEM (Asia Europe Meeting ) (51)
• Not ASEM member
UN: UNESCO, ILO, UNESCO-UNEVOC)
EAS (East Asia Summit)
(18) CPSC (Colombo Plan Staff College) (17)
RCP (Regional Cooperation Platform) (9)
Regional P IniUpdated in November
2012
SEAMEO (11)
SEAMEO VOCTECH Regional Centre For Vocational and Technical Education and Training
The objectives of the EAS on TVET QAF
To promote and monitor the improvement of quality assurance systems
Facilitate cooperation and mutual understanding between member countries
Support other initiatives within & across the region that enhance connectivity, integration, education and labour mobility
SEAMEO VOCTECH Regional Centre For Vocational and Technical Education and Training
The need for Regional Qualification Framework
Provide a reference point and translation grid for all qualifications throughout Southeast Asia
that will benefit employers, education providers and job seekers in terms of recognizing qualifications issued within the region
SEAMEO VOCTECH Regional Centre For Vocational and Technical Education and Training
Major Development towards ASEAN RQF
1998 ASEAN Labour Ministries
Meeting on Skills Recognition
2001
UNESCO Bangkok on RQF
2003
Mutual Recognition Arrangements (MRA)
2004-2007
ASEAN Regional Skills Recognition
Arrangements
2006 ASEAN MRA on Architectural,
Surveying Qualifications, and Nursing Services
2006
ILO’s Regional Model Competency Standards (RMCS)
2006
SEAMEO VOCTECH’s study on
Enhancing MRA in CLMV
2004-2005 ASEAN Engineering MRA
2007
UNESCO Bangkok’s
planOn RQF
2007
CLMV+T SRA
ILO RMCS on Manufacturing
2008
EAS: Regional SRA
2009
Harnessing QF Conference
2011
ASEM-Budapest on ASEAN RQF
2011
ASEAN RQF in TVET
Agreed by CLMV+T
2012
ASEM-Berlin on Putting Frameworks into
Practice
2012
ASEAN, Australia, New Zealand FTA meeting on NQF-
Bangkok
SEAMEO VOCTECH Regional Centre For Vocational and Technical Education and Training
Initial Development of ASEAN RQF in TVET (Dang, 2011)
Job Level Certificate Descriptors (Generic Competencies for each level)
1. Semi-skilled Certificate 1 Understand safety requirements, has basic practical skills and operational knowledge in a defined range of tasks, can carry out routine tasks given clear direction, takes limited responsibility
2. Skilled Certificate 2 Can carry out skilled tasks, takes limited responsibility from output of self
3. Advanced Skilled Certificate 3 Has some theoretical knowledge, has a range of well-developed skills, can apply solutions to routine problems, can interpret available information …
4. Supervisor/Foreperson Certificate 4 Has a broad knowledge base, can apply some theoretical concepts, can identify and apply skills and knowledge, can identify, analyse and evaluate information
5. Manager 6. Senior Manager 7. Professional
Diploma Advanced Diploma Degree
5. Assistant Professional 6. Associate Professional 7. Professional
SEAMEO VOCTECH Regional Centre For Vocational and Technical Education and Training
Current Status of ASEAN RQF
Strong and long-lasting commitment from the participating countries and entails strong collaborations within and across Ministries
Significant steps to facilitate student and labour mobility in the region
SEAMEO VOCTECH Regional Centre For Vocational and Technical Education and Training
CONCLUSION &
Our future direction
SEAMEO VOCTECH Regional Centre For Vocational and Technical Education and Training
1. Need of HRD planning on TVET: for technician and skilled employees. Very relevant in response to AEC and ACFTA
2. Articulation across various education and training; recognition of certification for employment :- many countries still lacking
3. Learning outcomes spelled out in the certification/credentials, accompanied by strong quality assurance
SEAMEO VOCTECH Regional Centre For Vocational and Technical Education and Training
4. Need for a framework that can be used as a reference for any qualifications
5. Recognition of qualification across national border
6. Discrepancies of educational and training systems among ASEAN & China may hinder the progress of having cross-national recognition of professional qualification
SEAMEO VOCTECH Regional Centre For Vocational and Technical Education and Training
7. Promoting continuous improvement of TVET within the country and enhancing cooperation and mutual understanding between member countries; improving connectivity, integration, education and labour mobility
8. Establishing a smaller TVET quality assurance to benchmark competencies against the standards that will help current status and have ideas for improving skills to the next levels.
SEAMEO VOCTECH Regional Centre For Vocational and Technical Education and Training
9. Development of RQF: It is challenging to develop a comprehensive NQF: requires strong commitment from various bodies/organisations
10. ASEAN RQF helps learners and workers wishing to move between countries or change jobs or move between educational institutions at home easier and more efficient.
11. The framework will hopefully contribute to the improvement of regional competitiveness.
SEAMEO VOCTECH Regional Centre For Vocational and Technical Education and Training
SEAMEO VOCTECH’S Future Direction
“SEAMEO VOCTECH, as a regional centre for TVET, has recently renewed its development plans
and revitalised its programmes to align itself with the aspirations of ASEAN objectives.
It is mandated to assist and to lead TVET institutions in the region to deliver high standards of
performance. “
SEAMEO VOCTECH Regional Centre For Vocational and Technical Education and Training
1. Convene policy dialogues to elicit a common TVET response to the ASEAN Post 2015 vision
2. Alignment with the regional harmonisation of initiatives
Initiating Policy
Dialogues
SEAMEO VOCTECH’S Future Direction
SEAMEO VOCTECH Regional Centre For Vocational and Technical Education and Training
At a Glance:
SEAMEO VOCTECH’s 5th Five-Year Development Plan
Aligned with the ASEAN Initiatives, the SEAMEO objectives, the Brunei Darussalam’s Ministry of Education focus areas,
and the needs of TVET institutions in the region
SEAMEO VOCTECH Regional Centre For Vocational and Technical Education and Training
Thank you