Teine Eesti Kaugseire Seminar

Tartu Observatoorium, 11 oktoober, 2005

Hillar TorkHillar Tork

hillar.tork@regio.eehillar.tork@regio.ee

Ülevaade ESA tegevusestÜlevaade ESA tegevusest

Presentation OverviewPresentation Overview

ESA OverviewESA Overview

ESA Earth Observation ProgrammeESA Earth Observation Programme

Doing business with ESADoing business with ESA

ESA OverviewESA Overview

ESA achieves this through:

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An inter-governmental organisation with a mission to provide and promote - for exclusively peaceful purposes - the exploitation of:

The purpose of ESA

• Space science, research & technology• Space applications

• Space activities and programmes• Long term space policy• A specific industrial policy• Coordinating European with national space programmes

ESA MembersESA Members ESA ESA Member statesMember states::

Associated countries: Associated countries: CanadaCanada PECS (Plan for European Cooperating States): Hungary, Czech RepublicPECS (Plan for European Cooperating States): Hungary, Czech Republic Next in line: Next in line: Poland, RomaniaPoland, Romania

AustriaAustria BelgiumBelgium DenmarkDenmark FinlandFinland FranceFrance GermanyGermany GreeceGreece IrelandIreland ItalyItaly

LuxembourgLuxembourg NetherlandsNetherlands NorwayNorway PortugalPortugal SpainSpain SwedenSweden SwitzerlandSwitzerland UKUK

ESA EstablishmentsESA Establishments ESA Headquarters, ParisESA Headquarters, Paris

programmes and policy-makingprogrammes and policy-making

ESTEC, NoordwijkESTEC, Noordwijk European Space Research and Technology CenterEuropean Space Research and Technology Center technology developmenttechnology development programme managementprogramme management test centertest center

ESOC, DarmstadtESOC, Darmstadt European Space Operations CenterEuropean Space Operations Center controlling ESA satellites in spacecontrolling ESA satellites in space

ESRIN, FrascatiESRIN, Frascati European Space Research InstituteEuropean Space Research Institute ESA’s information technology centerESA’s information technology center collection, storage and distribution of earth observation datacollection, storage and distribution of earth observation data

Launch facility in Kourou, French GuianaLaunch facility in Kourou, French Guiana

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ESA world locations

Budget & FundingBudget & Funding 2005 budget: 3 billion Euros2005 budget: 3 billion Euros Member states contribute to mandatory activities on Member states contribute to mandatory activities on

basis of GNPbasis of GNP Space Science programmeSpace Science programme General budgetGeneral budget

Each country decides itself on level of participation in Each country decides itself on level of participation in optional programmesoptional programmes

Geographical returnGeographical return ESA investment in each country is proportional to the ESA investment in each country is proportional to the

country’s contributioncountry’s contribution

ESA ProgrammesESA ProgrammesSpace scienceSpace scienceEarth observationEarth observationNavigationNavigationTelecommunicationsTelecommunicationsLauncher developmentLauncher developmentMicrogravity researchMicrogravity researchHuman space flight and explorationHuman space flight and exploration

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M€ : Million of Euro

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M€ : Million of Euro

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Industrial policy

About 90% of ESA's budget is spent on contracts with European industry.

Industrial policy objectives:

• ensure that all Member States participate in an equitable manner corresponding to their financial contribution

• improve the worldwide competitiveness of European industry

• maintain and develop space technology • encourage the development of an industrial

structure appropriate to market requirements, making use of existing industrial potential of all Member States.

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The birth of commercial operators

ESA is responsible for research and development of space projects.

Operational systems are transferred to new or specially established organisations:

• On completion of qualification, these projects are handed over to outside bodies for the production/exploitation phase.

• Launchers : Arianespace - launcher production phase• Telecommunications : Eutelsat & Inmarsat - international communications services

via ECS/MARECS• Meteorology : Eumetsat - Meteosat weather satellites• Satellite Navigation : Galileo, Joint Undertaking (with the EU)

Partners - EUPartners - EUHigh level cooperation to develop and High level cooperation to develop and

implement European space policyimplement European space policyCommon aim to strengthen Europe and benefit Common aim to strengthen Europe and benefit

its citizensits citizensCollaboration on specific programmesCollaboration on specific programmes

GMES – Global Monitoring for Environment and GMES – Global Monitoring for Environment and SecuritySecurity

Galileo Joint Undertaking (Navigation)Galileo Joint Undertaking (Navigation)Digital Divide (Telecomms)Digital Divide (Telecomms)

Other PartnersOther Partners National space agencies of member statesNational space agencies of member states

CSA - Canadian Space AgencyCSA - Canadian Space Agency CNES – Centre Nationale d’Etudes Spatiales (F)CNES – Centre Nationale d’Etudes Spatiales (F) ASI – Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (I)ASI – Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (I) DLR – Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (D)DLR – Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (D)

Russian Space AgencyRussian Space Agency ISS, Soyuz manned spacecraft launcherISS, Soyuz manned spacecraft launcher

Chinese Space AgencyChinese Space Agency ““Double Star” scientific mission to study effects of the sun on earth’s Double Star” scientific mission to study effects of the sun on earth’s

environmentenvironment NASANASA JAXA - Japanese Space AgencyJAXA - Japanese Space Agency ISRO - Indian Space Research OrganisationISRO - Indian Space Research Organisation

ESA Earth Observation ProgrammeESA Earth Observation Programme

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The quest for information about the Earth

ESA has developed the Meteosat and MSG series of weather satellites, the environmental and climate research and monitoring satellites ERS-1 & 2 and Envisat, and prepares for the future with METOP, to provide tools for :

• Meteorology• Environmental & climate monitoring• Earth resource management & other applications

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Europe's first weather satellites

The first Meteosat was launched in 1977. Five more followed and the seventh was launched in 1997.

Placed in geostationary orbit they are designed to :

Eumetsat owns and exploits the Meteosat satellites.

• Take pictures of the Earth every 30 minutes• Distribute meteorology data • Collect environmental data recorded by automatic ground stations

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Cooperation with Eumetsat

ESA is cooperating with Eumetsat, the European Organization for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites on the development of two new series of meteorological satellites :

• MSG (Meteosat Second Generation) : is a sequence of geostationary meteorological satellites with improved performance with respect to the current Meteosat series. The first satellite was launched in August 2002.

• METOP (Meteorological Operational Polar Orbiting Satellites) : A European series of polar orbiting spacecraft. 8 instruments including Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) and Advanced Scatterometer (ASCAT). The first launch is foreseen in 2006.

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Metop

MSG

A view of the Earth

Meteosat

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A radar view of the Earth: ERS, ENVISAT

ERS (European Remote Sensing satellite) uses radar instruments (SAR, radar altimeter) to survey the Earth's surface in all weather conditions

ERS-1 launched in 1991 finished its mission in March 2000

A second ERS satellite (ERS-2) was launched in 1995.

A continuous flow of data provides information on status and changes of:

• Ocean currents, sea surface temperatures and ocean winds

• Polar ice caps & ice movement• Atmospheric ozone

• Same missions as ERS-1 • Additional ozone monitoring instrument (GOME)

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ENVISAT: focusing on the environment

ENVISAT is the most ambitious Earth observation satellite ever designed in Europe and weighs over 8 tons. It was launched on 01/03/2002 by an Ariane-5 into polar orbit at an altitude of 800 km. It carries a payload consisting of 10 instruments of advanced design, and provides:

• a smooth transition from the measurements taken by ERS-1 and ERS-2• ASAR (Advanced SAR), MERIS (Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer)• new data on marine biology land processed and atmospheric chemistry.

ENVISAT, along with ERS-2, provides a continuous supply of services to scientists and operational users over a period of more than 15 years:• Crop inventories and forest management• Tropical deforestation• Biodiversity• Natural disasters / damage assessment (flooding, forest fires, earthquakes,

volcanic eruptions, etc.)• Generation of digital terrain models (DTMs)• Ozone layer / monitoring of ozone layer depletion and green house effect.

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ENVISAT

ERS-1/2

A radar view of the Earth: ERS, ENVISAT

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Living Planet Programme: looking at the Earth in a different way

The Living Planet Programme was created in consultation with key players

It comprises Earth Explorer and Earth Watch missions

• Europe’s scientists• Industry• European Commission• EUMETSAT and many others

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Earth Explorer: to better understand the Earth

Earth Explorer missions:• Research oriented, focused

on specific topics/techniques,• Regular flight opportunities,• Lead by ESA (core missions)

or other organisations (opportunity missions).

The first approved missions:

Core missions• GOCE: gravity and ocean circulation explorer (2006),• ADM-Aeolus: (Atmospheric Dynamics Mission) measures winds at all altitudes (2007).• EarthCARE: interactions between cloud, radiative and aerosol processes (2012) Opportunity missions • Cryosat: assessing the polar Ice destroyed by launch failure 8 Oct 2005• SMOS: soil moisture and ocean salinity (2007),• Swarm: survey of geomagnetic field (2009)

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Earth Watch: to initiate a long term monitoring of the Earth

Earth Watch missions:• (pre-)operational, service oriented• Partners will take responsibility for long-term service

continuity• Partnership with European or national institutions

Candidate missions: • Global Monitoring for Environment and Security

(GMES) initiative,• National missions (InfoTerra-TerraSar, Pleiades,

Cosmo SkyMed, Radarsat 2/3, Fuegosat),• Operational meteorology (post-MSG, post-MetOp).

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Focus for the distribution of environmental dataESA-Frascati (ESRIN) Earth Observation Data Handling Centre

Focal point for distribution/ archiving of data acquired via Earth stations from different satellites:- ESA (ERS-1, ERS-2 and ENVISAT)- non-ESA (Landsat, Tiros, JERS, MOS, etc.)

Activities also include:

• planning ERS-2 and Envisat payload use• interfacing with users• pre-processing of data and product control• development of quick online access to data, catalogues...

Doing business with ESADoing business with ESA

Access to EO data (1)Access to EO data (1)Category 1 proposalsCategory 1 proposals

for scientific research, applications development or for scientific research, applications development or R&D in preparation for future operational useR&D in preparation for future operational use

accredited Cat 1 users – Principal Investigators – accredited Cat 1 users – Principal Investigators – receive EO data at cost pricereceive EO data at cost price

PIs must submit detailed proposal via ESAs EO PIs must submit detailed proposal via ESAs EO Principal Investigator portalPrincipal Investigator portal

PI must demonstrate availability of funds for carrying PI must demonstrate availability of funds for carrying out the proposed researchout the proposed research

progress reports 2 times per yearprogress reports 2 times per year

Access to EO data (2)Access to EO data (2)Category 2 proposalsCategory 2 proposals

data for operational or commercial usedata for operational or commercial useavailable from 2 competing resellersavailable from 2 competing resellers

eurimage (www.eurimage.com)eurimage (www.eurimage.com)spot image (spot image (www.spotimage.frwww.spotimage.fr))

Announcements of Opportunity (AOs)Announcements of Opportunity (AOs) issued by ESA on regular basis issued by ESA on regular basis calls for proposals in particular fieldscalls for proposals in particular fields in some cases data can be made available at no in some cases data can be made available at no

costcost

ESA Funding OpportunitiesESA Funding Opportunities

ESA funding is available only to entities from Member ESA funding is available only to entities from Member States or Associated StatesStates or Associated States

EMITSEMITS - - ESA Electronic Mail Invitation to Tender ESA Electronic Mail Invitation to Tender SystemSystem (http://emits.esa.int) (http://emits.esa.int) provides online information on provides online information on all all Intended and Current Intended and Current ITTs ITTs

from all ESA programmesfrom all ESA programmes iin order to have access to EMITS, and to the restricted area n order to have access to EMITS, and to the restricted area

of the ESA of the ESA IIndustry Portal, it is mandatory to register as an ndustry Portal, it is mandatory to register as an ESA potential bidderESA potential bidder member states only member states only

Funding opportunities in EOFunding opportunities in EO

DUE – Data User Element Programme (2003-2007)DUE – Data User Element Programme (2003-2007) Objectives:Objectives:

foster the development of foster the development of useruser communities communities support the development and demonstration of support the development and demonstration of informationinformation products products support industry in establishing useful support industry in establishing useful servicesservices

EOMD – Earth Observation Market DevelopmentEOMD – Earth Observation Market Development Objective:Objective:

To foster the emergence of a European Downstream Industry offering EO-To foster the emergence of a European Downstream Industry offering EO-based services, with the prospect of becoming sustainable, to Public & based services, with the prospect of becoming sustainable, to Public & Private customers on the global marketPrivate customers on the global market

Useful linksUseful links

www.esa.intwww.esa.int – ESA portal – ESA portalhttp://eopi.esa.int/esa/esahttp://eopi.esa.int/esa/esa - ESA Earth - ESA Earth

Observation Principal Investigator PortalObservation Principal Investigator Portalwww.eoportal.orgwww.eoportal.org – Earth Observation Portal – Earth Observation Portalwww.eohandbook.comwww.eohandbook.com – Earth Observation – Earth Observation

handbookhandbook

Thank you!Thank you!