;qokLokLF;

dk;ZØe

u'khys inkFkks± ds mi;ksx ijf¶yicqd

Iyku bafM;k }kjk flarcj 2011 esa izdkf'kr

d`i;k bl izdk”ku ds fgLlksa vFkok iwjs izdk”ku dks csfgpd m)`r] vuwfnr] forfjr

vkSj izsf’kr djsa c”krsZ gS fd Iyku bafM;k ds uke dk mYys[k fd;k x;k gksA

vkLVªktsusdk ;qok LokLF; dk;ZØe

;g izdk'ku ;qok LokLF; dk;ZØe] vkLVªktsusdk HkweaMyh; leqnk; fuos'k dk;ZØe gSA

*;qok LokLF; dk;ZØe* dks vius lkeus mifLFkr eqn~nksa ls fuiVus esa vlaxr ;qok yksxksa dh enn djuk] orZeku esa muds LokLF; dh j{kk djuk vkSj Hkfo"; esa csgrj thou dh mudh laHkkoukvksa dks lq/kkjuk gSA

;g dk;ZØe vkLVªktsusdk] *fn tkWu gkifdUl CywecxZ Ldwy vkWQ ifCyd gSYFk* vkSj ,d vxz.kh cky&dsafnzr fodkl laxBu Iyku baVjus'kuy dh lk>snkjh gSA

Iyku fu/kZurk ds thou ls voljksa ls ;qDr Hkfo"; dh vksj c<+us esa fo'o ds fu/kZu cPpksa dh lgk;rk djrs gq, ySfVu vejhdk] vÝhdk vkSj ,f'k;k ds 48 ns'kksa esa dk;Zjr gSA

nok dk mi;ksx vkSj inkFkZ dk nq#i;ksx

fdlh Hkh ,sls inkFkZ dks tks O;fDr ds 'kkjhfjd ;k ekufld dk;ks± esa cnyko ykrk gS] u'khyh nok dgrs gSaA bldk fpfdRlk ds fy, mi;ksx Hkh gks ldrk gS vkSj ugha Hkh gks ldrkA tc nok dk mi;ksx chekjh ds bykt vkSj jksdFkke rFkk LokLF; esa lq/kkj ds fy, fd;k tkrk gS rc mls nok dk mi;ksx dgrs gSaA

inkFkZ dk nq#i;ksx

tc fdUgha nokvksa ;k inkFkks± dk mi;ksx 'kjhj vkSj efLr"d ds dk;Z dks cnyus ds fy, MkDVj dh flQkfj'k ds fcuk fd;k tkrk gS rc mls u'khys inkFkZ dk lsou ;k inkFkZ dk nq#i;ksx dgrs gSaA

1

1

fofHkUu u'khys inkFkZ vkSj muds gkfudkjd izHkko

pjl vkSj Hkkax & ;kn j[kus vkSj lh[kus esa fnDdr] rkyesy gksuk] ân; xfr dk c<+ tkuk] jDrpki de gksuk ftldh otg ls fny dk nkSjk iM+ ldrk gSA

mÙkstuk iznku djus okys inkFkZ ¼,EQSVekbu] dksdhu] fudksfVu] rackdw½ & mPp jDrpki] ân;k?kkr] yxkrkj uhan dh leL;k] euksn'kk esa rhoz cnyko] ckj&ckj ,d gh dk;Z djrs jguk] Hkzkafr] fpark] volkn] fpM+fpM+kiu] 'kDdhiu] otu ?kVuk] nksjs iM+ukA

'keudkjh inkFkZ ¼'kjkc] ckjfcVqjsV~l½ & Fkdku] Le`fr vkSj foosd dk gzkl] cq[kkj] vLi"V <ax ls cksyuk] pDdj vkuk] NksM+us ij ?kkrd y{k.k] 'olu laca/kh leL;k,a] fo"kkn vkSj e`R;qA

ukdksZfVd inkFkZ ¼ghjksbu] vQhe½ & feryh] dCt] 'olu laca/kh leL;k,a] lkal #duk] psrukghurk ftldh otg ls e`R;q rd gks ldrh gSA

efrHkze iSnk djus okys inkFkZ ¼,y,lMh] vkfn½ & 'kjhj dk rkieku c<+uk ân; xfr vkSj jDrpki dk c<+uk] Hkw[k u yxuk] vufnzk] detksjh vkSj yxkrkj ekufld fodkj

vU; ;kSfxd inkFkZ ¼LVhjksbM~l bagsysaV~l½ & bagsysaV~l ;knnk'r detksj gksrh gS] detksjh vkrh gS vkSj O;fDr fo"kknxzLr gks tkrk gSA LVhjksbM~l ysus ds ifj.kke mPp jDrpki] [kwu teuk] dksysLVªksy esa cnyko] fyoj vkSj fdMuh esa dsalj gksrs gSaA iq#"kksa esa blls iq#"k xzafFk dk dSalj gksrk gS vkSj uiqaldrk vkrh gS] tcfd efgykvksa es ekgokjh laca/kh vfu;ferrk,a gks ldrh gSa vkSj muds 'kjhj ij cky mx ldrs gSaA

2

vkerkSj ij dqN nq#i;ksx esa yh tkus okyh u'khyh nok,a

Hkkax dksdhu rEckdw 'kjkc

ckjfcVqjsV~l vQhe ,DlVslh eksQhZu LVhjks,M~l

2

u'ks dh nok dh lqbZ dk mi;ksx

u'ks dh lqbZ yxkus dk eryc gS u'khyh nok dks lqbZ vkSj lhfjat ds tfj;s 'kjhj esa igqapkukA blds fy, lqbZ dks Ropk esa ?kqlk;k tkrk gSA

lqbZ ;k batsD'ku }kjk yh tkus okys u'khys inkFkks± esa ghjksbu vkSj vU; Lokid ¼vksfi,V½] dksdhu vkSj ,EQsVkekbUl 'kkfey gSaA

gkykafd bu u'khys inkFkks± dks ysus ds fofHkUu rjhds gSa ij dqN yksx bUgsa batsD'ku ls ysuk ilan djrs gSa D;ksafd buds iwjs izHkko dk vuqHko cgqr gh tYnh] ikap ls nl lsdsaM ds Hkhrj fd;k tk ldrk gSA

Hkkjr es ,pvkbZoh laØe.k ds lqbZ }kjk u'khys inkFkZ ysuk tksf[ke dk ,d cM+k dkj.k gSA ;g vuqeku yxk;k x;k gS fd vdsys ,M~l ds ekeyksa esa ls mls 3 ls 4 izfr'kr ekeys u'ks dh lqbZ yxkus ls lapfjr gq, gSaA ;g laØfer O;fDr }kjk iz;ksx esa ykbZ xbZ lanwf"kr lhfjatksa dh otg ls gksrk gSA

blds vU; tksf[keksa esa lqbZ dh otg ls Ropk vkSj dksey Årdksa esa Nsn gksuk] /kefu;ksa vkSj ulksa dh {kfr gksuk] vR;f/kd ek=k esa u'ks dh [kqjkd ysuk vkfn 'kkfey gSaA

3

3

u'khys inkFkks± ij fuHkZjrk

u'khys inkFkks± ij fuHkZjrk dks ßlaHkkfor :i ls udkjkRed lkekftd] euks&lkekftd vkSj 'kkjhfjd ifj.kkeksa dh ijokg fd;s fcuk fdlh u'khys dk ck/;rko'k mi;ksx djusÞ ds :i esa ifjHkkf"kr fd;k x;k gSA

u'khys inkFkks± ij fuHkZjrk ds fofHkUu ladsr vkSj y{k.k D;k&D;k gSa\

fdlh Hkh u'khys inkFkZ ij fuHkZjrk ds fuEufyf[kr lkekU; y{k.k gks ldrs gSa%

fu;fer :i ls u'khyh nok ysukA

'kkjhfjd cukoV dk fcxM+uk vkSj viuh ns[kHkky ij /;ku nsukA

otu fxjukA

Hkw[k ugha yxuk

vka[kksa dk yky ;k ifu;y gksukA

uhan vfu;fer :i ls vkukA

euksn'kk esa vpkud cnykoA

Ropk dh jaxr cnyukA

[ksydwn] ?kj dk dk;Z] 'kkSd vkfn lkekU; dk;Z NksM+ nsukA

dk;ZLFky ;k Ldwy esa mifLFkfr esa vpkud cnykoA

Pkksjh djukA

O;ogkj esa ifjorZu&vf/kd xqLlk] mnklh] vdsykiuA iwjk O;ogkj cny tkukA

,sls nksLrksa ls cpuk tks u'kk ugha djrs vkSj u'kk djus okyksa dh laxr djukA

igys tSlk izHkko iSnk djus ds fy, vkSj vf/kd ek=k esa u'kk djukA

4

4

fd'kksj&fd'kksfj;ksa dks u'khys inkFkks± ds mi;ksx dk vf/kd tksf[ke gksrk gS

fd'kksj&fd'kksfj;ka vke rkSj ij o;Ldksa dh rqyuk esa u'khys inkFkks± dk vf/kd ckj vkSj vf/kd ek=k esa mi;ksx djrs gSaA

os ,d ls vf/kd u'khys inkFkks± dk bLrseky djus dh dksf'k'k djrs gSaA

os vPNh rjg ls vius dks dkcw esa ugha j[k ikrs vkSj nwljksa dh rqyuk esa vf/kd Hkkokosx ds lkFk O;ogkj djrs gSaA

muesa bu thou dkS'kyksa dk vHkko gksrk gS tSls fd lgh <ax ls lkspuk] ruko dk lkeuk djuk] vkfnA bldh otg ls os thou dh pqukSfr;ksa ls fucVus ds fy, xyr lk/ku viuk ysrs gSaA

fd'kksj&fd'kksfj;ksa ij ge&mez nksLrksa dk ncko jgrk gS vkSj dbZ ckj muesa uk dgus dk i;kZIr lkgl ugha gksrkA

u'khys inkFkks± dk O;kikj djus okys vDlj ;qokvksa dks y{; cukrs gSaA tc rd mUgsa u'ks dh yr ugha yx tkrh rc rd os mUgsa u'khyh nok eq¶r nsrs gSaA

5

5

u'khys inkFkks± ds mi;ksx vkSj mu ij fuHkZjrk ls fdlh ds thou ij D;k izHkko iM+rk gS\

O;fDr dh foÙkh;] ikfjokfjd vkSj lkekftd fLFkfr ij nh?kZdkfyd izHkko iM+rs gSaA

ftu yksxksa dks u'ks dh yr gksrh gS os u'khys inkFkks± ij dkQh iSlk csdkj djrs gSaA muds fu;fer :i ls dke djus dh {kerk lekIr gks tkrh gS] blfy, os u'ks dh pht [kjhnus ds fy, pksjh djrs gSa] Hkh[k ekaxrs gSa vkSj m/kkj ysrs gSaA

u'ks dh yr okys yksx LoLFk ikfjokfjd laca/k ugha cuk ikrs vkSj ifjokj ds lnL;ksa ds lkFk mudk dkQh Vdjko jgrk gSA

dk;ZLFky ij muds dk;Z&izn'kZu dk Lrj fxj tkrk gS] os fu;fer :i ls dke ij ugha tkrs vkSj dke ls vf/kdkf/kd :i ls vuqifLFkr jgus yxrs gSaA

os vius nksLrksa vkSj ifjokj ls dV tkrs gSa vkSj nwljs u'kscktksa dks gh viuk nksLr ekurs gSaA

6

6

u'khys inkFkks± ds mi;ksx dh jksdFkke

u'khys inkFkks± ds mi;ksx dh jksdFkke ds fy, [kqn vius izfr lEeku] okLrfod vis{kk,a j[kuk cgqr t:jh gSA vkidks ;g ckr Hkh tku ysuh pkfg, fd u'khyh nokvksa ls ykHk ugha feyrkA vkidks vius ifjokj ds izfr mÙkjnk;h gksuk pkfg,A

bl laca/k esa fuEufyf[kr j.kuhfr;ka viukbZ tk ldrh gSa%

u'kk u djus okys vkSj LoLFk #fp;ksa okys nksLrksa dh laxr idM+saA

fdlh Hkh leL;k dk LoLFk gy fudkyus ij fopkj djsa( ges'kk ,slk gy ekStwn gksrk gSA

vkuan vkSj euksjatu ds fy, fofHkUu LoLFk euksjatu lqfo/kkvksa dk mi;ksx djsaA

etcwr ikfjokfjd laca/k cuk;sa

vxj fdlh dh ckr vkidks lgh ugha yxrh rks uk dgus ls u MjsaA

ges'kk vius ij fu;a=.k j[ksa vkSj ,slk djus ij vPNk eglwl djsaA

vxj dksbZ eq¶r esa u'khys inkFkZ ysus dks dgsa rks euk djsa! og O;fDr vkidk Hkyk ugha djuk pkgrk gSA

7

7

u'khys inkFkks± ij fuHkZj O;fDr ds fy, ifjokj vkSj fe=ksa dh lgk;rk%

ifjokj ds lnL;ksa dks pkfg, fd cPpksa ds lkFk etcwr laca/k cuk;saA yxkrkj vuq'kklu cuk;s j[kus vkSj fuxjkuh j[kus ls cPpksa dks vLoLFk vknrksa ls cpkus esa enn feyrh gSA

ekrk&firk dks cPpksa ds lkFk fu;fer :i ls ckrphr djuh pkfg, rkfd mUgsa ;g le>k;k tk lds fd muds }kjk fd;s x;s dk;ks± ds D;k&D;k ifj.kke gks ldrs gSa vkSj fdl rjg os Lo;a vius Hkfo"; ds fuekZrk gSaA

ekrk&firk dks cPps ds lkFk fu;fer :i ls ckr djuh pkfg, rkfd cPps mu ij fo'okl dj mUgsa viuh ckr crk ldsaA vxj mu ij u'khys inkFkks± dk izHkko iM+ jgk gS rks ;g ckr Hkh os mu rd igqapk ldsaA

nksLrksa dks pkfg, fd vxj muds chp dksbZ u'kk dj jgk gS rks QkSju bldh tkudkjh mlds ekrk&firk dks nsuh pkfg,A

u'ks dh yr okys O;fDr ds nksLrksa dks ges'kk 'kq: esa gh mls u'kk djus ls jksdus dh dksf'k'k djuh pkfg,A u'kk djus okys O;fDr dks fdlh Hkh voLFkk esa LokLF; dsanz ys tkdj mldh enn dh tk ldrh gSA blesa MkDVj vkSj ifjokj dh lgk;rk t:jh gSA

8

8

vkRe&cks/k vkSj u'khys inkFkks± ds mi;ksx ls yM+us dh bPNk&'kfDr

u'khys inkFkks± ds mi;ksx ls fucVus dh fn'kk esa igyk dne gSA buls cpuk 'kq: esa gh] ,d ckj Hkh lksps fcuk] blds fy, ßukÞ dgukA

nwljs u'ks dh yr okys O;fDr dks is'ksoj lgk;rk izkIr djuh pkfg,A mls fdlh MkDVj ds ikl] vkSj csgrj rks ;g gks fd fdlh euksfpfdRld ds ikl tkuk pkfg,A og pkgs rks ikl ds fdlh LokLF; dsanz ds u'kkeqfDr dsanz esa Hkh tk ldrk gSA

rhljs] MkDVj }kjk lq>k;s x;s mipkj dk dM+kbZ ds lkFk ikyu djuk pkfg,A vDlj gh MkDVj fo'ks"k le; rd nok,a vkSj fo'ks"k [kqjkd ysus dh lykg nsrk gSA

pkSFks] u'kk djus okys dks viuh tSlh lksp okys yksxksa ds ,sls lgk;rk lewg ls enn ysuh pkfg, tks u'khyh nokvksa ds mi;ksx dks jksdus esa vkus okyh leL;kvksa dks le>sa vkSj mls vko';d uSfrd vkSj HkkoukRed lgk;rk iznku djsA bu yksxksa }kjk iznku dh tkus okyh lgk;rk Hkh vDlj mruh gh egRoiw.kZ gksrh gS ftruh egRoiw.kZ ifjokj ds lnL;ksa vkSj fe=ksa }kjk iznku dh tkus okyh lgk;rk gksrh gSA

9

9

u'kk&eqfDr esa ;ksxkH;kl dk ;ksxnku

;g 'kfDr] ÅtkZ vkSj miyfC/k ds fy;s ,d mPp Lrj dh fpfdRlk gS vkSj 'kk;n varKkZu dk ,d lk/ku Hkh gSA ;g fpfdRlk LokFkZ ds fy, ugha gksrhA ;ksx fpfdRlk esa fpfdRld fo'o ds lkeus vius dks izLrqr djus ls igys [kqn vius dks LoLFk djrk gSA ;ksxkH;kl ls ;k rks iz.kkyh esa cnyko vkuk pkfg, ;k ,d pqukSrh izLrqr gksuh pkfg,A

dHkh&dHkh vkgkj esa cnyko] dqN vkluksa] izk.kk;ke ;k ges'kk izkFkZuk tSls fofHkUu rjhdksa ls chekjh dk mipkj }kjk tkudkjh dh ctk; ifjorZu vf/kd gksrk gSA

/;ku yxkuk

/;ku yxkus ls vki [kqn Lo&'kks/k djrs gSaA vius dks le> dj vki vius u'ks ds O;ogkj dks cnydj jpukRed fodYi pqu ldrs gSaA bl vH;kl ls vki tks u;k O;ogkj fodflr djrs gSa og vkidks fouk'kdkjh O;ogkj ls jpukRed O;ogkj dh vksj ys tkrk gSA u'kk djus okyksa dh enn ds fy, ekufld fpfdRlk ds nwljs :i Hkh gSa tSls fd euksfo'ys"k.k] u;s 'kkSd viukuk] vkfnA

10

10

Iyku bf.M;k & ,d ifjp;

Iyku bf.M;k] Hkkjr esa jftLVMZ ,d laLFkk gS tks cky vf/kdkjksa o lkeqnkf;d fodkl ds fy, dk;Zjr gSA yxHkXk 30 o"kks± ls Iyku bf.M;k o blds lgHkkfXk;ksa us iwjs Hkkjr esa txg&txg vusd leqnk;ksa ds lkFk dke fd;k gS rkfd os vkRefuHkZj@Lokoyach cu ldsaA lkFk gh cPpksa dks muds vf/kdkj fey ik,sa] ftues lqj{kk dk vf/kdkj] f'k{kk dk vf/kdkj] mfpr LokLF; lac/kh ns[kHkky] LoLFk ekgkSy] jkstxkj ds volj ,oa mu fu.kZ;ksa esa Hkkxhnkjh dk vf/kdkj 'kkfey gS ftuls cPpksa ds thou ij izR;{k izHkko iM+rk gksA ge cPpksa dks izksRlkfgr djrs gSa rkfd os vius fopkjksa dks O;Dr dj ldsa ,oa leqnk; dh fLFkfr dks lq/kkjus dh izfØ;k esa 'kkfey gks ldsaA

orZeku esa Iyku bf.M;k Hkkjr ds 11 jkT;ksa esa dk;Zjr gS vkSj blls 10 yk[k ls Hkh vf/kd cPpksa dh ifjfLFkr;ksa esa lq/kkj vk;k gSA Iyku bf.M;k dh xfrfof/k;ksa esa fo'ks"k gSa% vlqjf{kr o detksj oxZ ds cPpksa o muds leqnk; dh ifjfLFkr;ksa esa lq/kkj ykuk] buesa lM+dksa ij jgus okys cPps] 'kgjksa esa jgus okys csÄj ifjokjksa ds cPps] 'kkfjfjd vleZFkrkvksa ;k ,pvkbZoh ls ifM+r cPps] 'kksf"kr o xSj dkuwuh rkSj ij yk;s x;s cPps] lsDl odZlZ ds cPps ,oa cky Jfed 'kkfey gSaA buds vykok ,slh yM+fd;k¡ tks T;knkÙkj leqnk;ksa esa HksnHkko dk f'kdkj gkrh gSa] mUgs ,slh izfrdwy ifjfLFkr;ksa ls ckgj fudkyus esa Iyku bf.M;k mudh enn djrk gSA

Iyku bf.M;k cPpksa ds vf/kdkjksa o mudh leku Hkkxhnkjh ds fy, iwjh rjg ls lefiZr gSA ge leqnk; dh {kerkvksa dks fodflr djus gsrq dk;Z djrs gSa rkfd os Loa; Hkh fodkl ds nwljs rjhdksa ls lh[k ysdj viuh t:jrksa dks Loa; iwjk dj ldsaA

Iyku bf.M;k] Iyku bUVjus'kuy dk ,d fgLlk gSA Iyku bUVjus'kuy nqfu;k dh lcls cM+h lkeqnkf;d fodkl laLFkkvksa esa ls ,d gSA Iyku bf.M;k ,d ,slh nqfu;k dh ifjdYiuk ds izfr iz;kljr gS] ftlesa cPps viuh iwjh laHkkoukvks vkSj ;ksX;rkvksa dks ,sls lekt esa fodflr dj lds tgka yksxksa ds vf/kdkjksa o xfjek dk lEeku gksA

vLohdj.k

**;g lkexzh dsoy vke yksxksa esa tkx:drk iSnk djus ;k mudh tkx:drk dks c<+kus ds fy, gSA blesa dksbZ mipkj lEcU/kh ekxZ&funsZ'k ugha fn, x, gSaA bl lkexzh ds vk/kkj ij lykg u nsa vkSj dksbZ flQkfj'k u djsaA bls vius fu.kZ;ksa ;k dkjZokb;ksa dk vk/kkj u cuk;saA dksbZ Hkh dkjZokbZ djus ls igys bl lkexzh ;k fo"k;&oLrq esa nh x;h fdlh Hkh leL;k ds fy, mi;qDr LokLF;dehZ ;k MkWDVj dh lykg ysaA bl lkexzh ds ckjs esa ge vfHkO;Dr vFkok ;k fufgr :i esa u rks dksbZ vk'oklu nsrs gSa] u çfrfuf/kROk djrss gSa vkSj u gh dksbZ opu nsrs gSa ¼bl lkexzh ds fdlh fo'ks"k mn~ns'; ds fy, fcuk fdlh lhek ds] lkef;drk] lVhdrk] iw.kZrk ;k mi;qDrrk vkfn ds laca/k esa ;k bl laca/k esa fd bl lkexzh ds mi;ksx ds ifj.kke =qfVghu vkSj fo'oluh; gksaxs½A

bl lkexzh ;k fo"k;&oLrq dks vLV~jktsusdk QekZ bfUM;k fyfeVsM ;k mlds 'ks;jksa ;k fQj çfrHkwfr;ksa ¼lhD;ksfjVhl½ esa dksbZ fuos'k ;k vU; dkjksckj djus ds fy;s vkea=.k ugha le>k tk,xkA**

IykubZ&12] dSyk'k dkWyksuh] ubZ fnYyh&110048 VsfyQksu% 91 11 46558484 QSDl% 91 11 46558443 bZesy% planindia@planindia.org www.planindia.org