HS111 – Medical TerminologySeminar

March 30th – April 5th, 2011

Learning Activities for this week

1. Complete Reading – Ch.2 & Ch.32. Participate in Discussion - initial post

doesn’t have to be 100 words, but try using at least 5 medical terms; also, initial post has to be by Saturday at 11:59pm EST

3. Participate in Seminar – Opt. 1 or 24. Take the Quiz 5. No project due this week

Review from last week – intro to word parts* * Don’t forget **1.Word root – the word part that is the core of the

word2.Prefix – attached to the beginning of the word root

to modify its meaning3.Suffix – attached to the end of the word root to

modify its meaning (most med. terms have a suffix)4.Combining vowel – a word part, usually an ‘o,’

used to ease pronunciation5.Defining med.terms – start with suffix, then move

to beginning of wordex. Oste/o/pathy – disease of the bone

Chapter 2 – Body Structure, Color, and Oncology

Organization of the human bodyo Cell – basic unit of lifeo Tissues – group of

similar cells that perform a specific task

o Organs – 2+ kinds of tissues that perform special body functions together

o Systems – group of organs working together to perform complex body functions

Combining forms ofbody structure

Aden/o – glandCyt/o – cellEpitheli/o –

epitheliumFibr/o – fiberHist/o – tissueKary/o –

nucleusLip/o – fat

My/o – muscleNeur/o – nerveOrgan/o – organSarc/o – flesh,

connective tissueSystem/o – systemViscer/o – internal

organs

More combining forms used with body structure termsCancer/o or carcin/o –

cancerEti/o – cause (of

disease)Gno/o – knowledgeIatr/o – MD, medicineOnc/o – tumor, massPath/o – diseaseSomat/o – bodyLei/o – smoothRhabd/o - striated

Quiz time – who’s awake!?Tell me what the def’s

are:

Hist/o - ?My/o - ?Viscer/o - ?Sarc/o - ?Eti/o - ?

Combining forms that describe color

Chrom/o – colorErythro/o – redXanth/o – yellowChlor/o – greenCyan/o – blueMelan/o – blackLeuk/o - white

Common suffixes & prefixesPrefixesDia– = through,

completeDys– = painful or

abnormalHyper– = above,

excessiveHypo- = below, deficientMeta– = after, beyond,

changeNeo- = newPro- = before

Suffixes-al, -ic, -ous = pertaining

to-stasis = control, stop,

standing-plasia = condition of

formation, dvlpmt, growth-osis = abnormal

condition-genesis = origin-genic = producing,

originating, causing-pathy = disease-plasm = growth-oma = tumor

Another quiz!What do these words mean?

1.Fibr/oma

2.My/oma

3.Lip/oma

4.Melan/oma

More to that!Cancerous tumor –WR / S

Tumor composed of nerve-

WR / S

Tumor composed of smooth muscle-

WR / CV / WR / S

Body structure terms Dysplasia – abnormal

development Erythrocyte- RBC Histology – study of tissue Leukocyte – WBC Carcinogen – substance

that causes cancer Cyanosis – abnormal

condition of blue color

Diagnosis – state of complete knowledge (identifying a disease)

Etiology – study of causes (of diseases)

Metastasis – beyond control (transfer of disease from one organ to another)

Oncologist – MD who studies/treats tumors

Pathogenic – producing disease

Prognosis – state of before knowledge (prediction of outcome of the disease)

Quiz time!Define the following

terms:

Histology - ???

Carcinogen - ???

Oncologist - ???

Prognosis - ???

Cancer termsBenign – not malignant, nonrecurrent, favorable for

recoveryChemotherapy – treatment of cancer with drugsExacerbation – increase in the severity of a disease

or its symptomsIdiopathic – pertaining to disease of unknown originIn vitro – within a glass, observable within a test

tubeRadiation therapy – treatment of cancer with a

radioactive substance, X-ray, or radiationRemission – improvement or absence of signs of the

disease

Check out Singular & Plural Endings for Medical Terms

You will need to bookmark this page for future reference

Chapter 3 –Directional Terms, Anatomic Planes, Regions, & QuadrantsCombining Forms Anter/o – front Caud/o- tail (downward) Cephal/o – head (upward) Dist/o – away (from the point of attachment of a body

part) Dors/o – back Infer/o – below Later/o – side Medi/o – middle Poster/o – back, behind Proxim/o – near (the point of attachment of a body

part) Super/o – above Ventr/o – belly (front)

QuizFill in the blank:

The combining form meaning middle is __________.

The combining form meaning tail (downward) is ___________.

Prefixes & suffixesLet’s go over these together:

Bi- means what?Uni– means what?-ad means what?-ior means what?

Directional terms Caudad – toward the

tail Cephalad – toward

the head Lateral – pertaining

to the side Medial – pertaining to

the middle Unilateral –

pertaining to one side Bilateral – pertaining

to two sides Mediolateral –

pertaining to the middle and to the side

Posterior – pertaining to the back

Distal – pertaining to away

Proximal – pertaining to near

Inferior – pertaining to below

Superior – pertaining to above

Caudal – pertaining to the tail

Cephalic – pertaining to the head

Anterior – pertaining to the front

Dorsal – pertaining to the back

Anatomic planesFrontal or coronal – vertical field passing

through body from side to side (dividing body into anterior and posterior parts)

Sagittal – vertical field running through the body from front to back (dividing body into

right and left sides)Midsagittal – divides the body into right and

left halvesTransverse – horizontal field dividing body into

upper and lower parts

Quiz – just one more

Fill in the blankFill in the blank:

1.Medial means pertaining to the ________.

2.Anterior means pertaining to the ________.

3.Cephalic means pertaining to the _______.

4.________ is the horizontal field dividing the body into upper and lower portions.

The 9 abdominopelvic regions1. Umbilical region –

around the naval2. Epigastric region – right

above the umbilical region3. Hypogastric region –

right below the umbilical region

4. Hypochondriac regions (2) – to the right and left of the epigastric region

5. Lumbar regions (2) – to the right and left of the umbilical region

6. Iliac regions (2) – to the right and left of the hypogastric region

4Abdominopelvic quadrants

1. RUQ – right upper quadrant

2. LUQ – left upper quadrant

3. RLQ – right lower quadrant

4. LLQ – left lower quadrant

Thank you for attending seminar tonight!