unit 2 review part 1

7/31/2019 Unit 2 Review Part 1

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Buildings BuildingsAnd More

Buildings StylePeriods

More Styles We Need

Structure

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Architecture!


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Christopher Wren designed this late-17th century

building that features a dome within a dome.

St. Pauls Cathedral, London
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1a/St_Pauls_aerial.jpg


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Architect Frank Gehry designed this building

that was completed in 2003 that is an example of

his sculptural approach to modern architecture.

The Walt Disney Concert Hall, Los Angeles
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Image-Disney_Concert_Hall_by_Carol_Highsmith_edit.jpg


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This Roman masterpiece was built in the 2nd century

A.D., featuring a concrete dome with an oculus.

The Pantheon


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The Sears Tower

(Willis Tower)

This Chicago skyscraper that was built in the

1970s is the tallest building in the United States.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Sears_Tower_ss.jpg


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This Neoclassical American landmark

built in the first part of the 19th

centuryfeatures a massive dome.

The U.S. Capitol Building
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Capitol_Building_Full_View.jpg


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This Frank Lloyd Wright masterpiece was a

private residence built atop a waterfall inwestern Pennsylvania in the

1930s.

Fallingwater
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Wrightfallingwater.jpg


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This provocative 1950s architectural design by

R. Buckminster Fuller featured an exterior

framework of metal rods and six-sided plates.

The Geodesic Dome
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/Climatron%2C_Missouri_Botanical_Gardens.jpg


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This ancient Greek temple built in the 5th century B.C. is

a refined example of post-and-lintel construction.

The Parthenon
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Parthenon-2008.jpg


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Stonehenge

This ancient and mysterious configuration of

giant stones in England reflects the ancients

awareness of celestial bodies.


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Thomas Jefferson designed his Neoclassical style

home in Virginia in the late 18th century.

Monticello
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Thomas_Jefferson%27s_Monticello_Estate.jpg


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Completed in 2010, this Middle Eastern

skyscraper is the tallest building in the world.

Burj Khalifa


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This Parisian modern art museum built in the 1970s

features a controversial inside out design.

The Pompidou Center


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King Louis XIV started the building of

the extraordinarily magnificent Frenchsummer palace in the 1660s.

The Palace at Versailles
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a7/Versailles_Palace.jpg


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This extraordinary architectural work was

completed about 4500 years ago as a burial

chamber for the Egyptian pharoah and his family.

The Great Pyramid of Cheops
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Kheops-Pyramid.jpg


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This architectural style period of the

early Middle Ages (1000-1150 A.D.)featured rounded arches, thick walls

and pillars, and small windows.

Romanesque


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This style of architecture dominates the

skylines of most of the worlds citiestoday. It is seen in the glass-and-steel

box forms of modern skyscrapers.

The International Style


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This style period of architecture (1750-1825 A.D.) featured an

ongoing influence from archaeological discoveries of the ancientGreeks and incorporated elements of those ancient styles, displayed

an eclectic approach by combining elements from various styles,

and expressed an attitude of modernism (that artistic design could

uniquely express itself anew in the modern era).

Neoclassical


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This architectural style period (1150-

1400 A.D.) featured the pointed archand is best illustrated by its cathedrals.

Gothic


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This style period of architecture (1825-1900 A.D.) borrowed

greatly from other historic styles, including the Gothic and

Oriental styles. Exterior walls tended to function as a screen,

disguising the structure, interior design and usage of a

building. There were frequently strong contrasts of forms and

asymmetrical balance. Experimentation and the use of new

materials also characterized the period.

Romantic


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This style period of architecture (1400-1600 A.D.)

featured a revival of Classic Roman style that included

copying the size and proportions of Roman ruins, theaddition of decorative detail to the faades of buildings,

and a development of external designs that concealed the

underlying structures.

Renaissance


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This style period of architecture (1600-1750 A.D.)

was characterized by grandeur, decorative detail,

and ostentatious display of wealth. A primeexample is the Palace at Versailles.

Baroque


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Frank Lloyd Wrights approach to architectural

design which emphasized designs that were in

complete aesthetic harmony with their

surroundings became known as this.

Organic Architecture


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This late-19th century Chicago architect created

an approach to design that emphasized careful

consideration of the use of spaces within hisdesigns and then the design of structure to provide

those spaces, summarized as Form follows

function.

Louis Sullivan


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The combining together of aestheticelements taken from more than one style.

Eclecticism


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An exterior face of a building that

hides its underlying structure.

Faade


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Horizontal beams are supported by vertical posts

or columns. These structures were made of stone.

Post-and-Lintel Structures


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A structure such as an overhanging roof or

beam that is supported only on one end.

Cantilever


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These structures use the walls to support the

roof, floors, and themselves. Examples areconcrete block structures, common in South

Florida, and log cabins.

Bearing Wall Structures


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This stone structural technique was developed by

the ancient Romans. It can define large spaces,

transferring stresses outward from its center, the

keystone, to its legs, and not depending upon the

tensile strength of the material.

The Arch

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