UNIT 3

Grammar and usage

Grammar and usage

Object complement

Either… or and neither… nor

Subject-verb agreement

Tasks

Object complementObject complement

Situation one ------ Did you find anything special when you went to the classroom?------ No, I didn’t. ------ You found the door openfound the door open, didn’t you?------ Oh, yes. But I found nobody in the found nobody in the classroom.classroom.

Position Position

V. + Object + object complement

E.g.: The inspector shot the drug-dealer dead.

(= The drug-deal was shot dead by the inspector.)

------ What do you think about her performance?------ We consider that her performance is a big success. ( We consider her performance a big successconsider her performance a big success. )

------ What do people think about dogs?------ People believe that dogs are honest.

( People believe dogs to be honestbelieve dogs to be honest. )

Situation twoSituation two

Usage Usage

An object complement , which gives information about the

object, can be a noun, a noun phrase, an

adjective, a to-infinitive, a bare infinitive, or a prepositional

phrase.

More examples with an object complement

(1) We made him chairman of our Students’ Union.

(2) I find the novel interesting and amusing.

(3) Please keep the cat out.

(4) I am often kept at home all day long on Sunday.

------What do you think about Harry Potter?------I find it ________________________.

More practice More practice with an object complimentwith an object compliment::

------What happened to the man?------The man was kept _________.

very interesting / an interesting book

in prison / jail

Find out similar examples with an object complement from the reading passage.

(1)Unfortunately, all the people

were buried alive, and so was the city!

(2)Sven found the remains of buildings buried under the sand, together with a lot of treasures.

(3)We found the ruins most interesting.

Either… or and neither… norEither… or and neither… nor

Situation

------ I have got one ticket for Liu Xiang’s 110m hurdle race to be held in Nanjing. Either you or your desk-mate can have it. ------ Is it on Saturday or on Sunday?------ It is on next Monday.------ Oh, what a pity. I am afraid neither I nor my desk-mate can enjoy it.

Usage Usage

(1) Either … or… can be used to express the idea of alternatives. e.g.: You can choose eithereither A oror B, which means you have two choices, i. e, you can choose any one of the two.(2) Neither … nor…

can be used to join two negative ideas together.

e.g.: NeitherNeither A nornor B is proper in question one,

which means A is not proper, and B is not proper either.

Situation one

------ Which language can I use to write the speech? ( in English / in Chinese )

Situation two

------ Whose fault is it? ( not yours / not mine )

------ You can write the speech eithereither in English oror in Chinese.

------ It is neither neither your fault nor nor mine. It’s your friend Jack’s fault.

More examplesMore examples

(1) Either you must improve your work

or I shall dismiss you.

(2) --- Do you like reading books or watching TV?

--- Either will do.

(3) Neither John nor Tom knows how to go skiing.

(4) I tried two dresses, but neither fit me.

More practiceMore practice

------Which one can I take, Sir?------I am afraid, you can take ____________________.neither the gun nor the cigar

------Where can I stay on Saturday night, Sir?------You can stay ______ in the classroom _____ in the dormitory.

eitheror

More practice

Subject-verb agreementSubject-verb agreement

Grammar rulesRead the 6 points on Page 10, find out the usages of subject-verb agreement.

Fill in the blanks with the right form of the given verbs:(1) ______ (have) your classmates finished their homework?(2) My friend and I _____ (want) to play outside after watching TV.(3) Most of the students _____ (prefer) English to Mathematics.(4) ___________ (have) all of the cake been eaten up?(5) Collecting stamps _____ (be) one of his favorite pastimes.(6) _____ (be) your family a big one?(7) All my family _____ (get) up early in the morning.(8) Neither his father nor his mother ______ (play) the piano.(9) The remains of the old castle _____ (be) destroyed in World War Two.(10) Not only Jim but also his Parents _____ (be) going to see you next Sunday.

Have want

prefer

Have / has is

Is get

plays

were

are

Exercise one:

Exercise two:Exercise two: Multiple choice:

1.About eighty percent of the students in his class ______ below sixteen. A. is B. are C. am D. be2. There ______ a map of the world and some pictures on the wall. A. is B. are C. am D. be3. A large quantity of water pipes ______ needed. A. are B. is C. has D. have

B

A

B

4. How and why he ______ come to Princeton, New Jersey ______ a story of struggle, success and sadness. A. had…was B. had… are C. had… has D. had… have5. Nobody but Jane and Mary ______ the secret. A. know B. knows C. have known D. is known

A

B

HomeworkHomework

1. Finish off the exercise on P48.

2. Finish off the exercise on P49.

3. Finish off the exercise on P51.