unit 5 energy alberto s
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Energy
By Alberto fernández fernández
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What is energy
• Energy is the ability of an object to change things around it .
• Energy can be mechanical, ligth, sound, thermal, electrical, chemical or nuclear
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Sources of energy• Sources can be :• Renewable : such as water , wind , sun , biomass ,
waves and tides
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• Non-renewable :Fuels are sources of chemical of energy . Coal , natural gas , and petroleum are fuels .
• Uranium and plutonium are sources of thermal energy .
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Energy transforms• The speakers change the electricity into sound .• The waves and tides change mechanical energy into
electricity .
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Electricity • Electricity is a form of energy :• We can transport it easily through power lines .• It trasforms into other types of energy , the light
energy of a light bulb
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Electrical charges • Static electricity, it occurs when an object
acumulates electrical charge .
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Conducting and insulating materials• Electrical charges move easily through conducting materials
.
• Electrical charges cannot move through insulating materials like wood , rubber and plastic .
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Electrical current .Electrical current is the movement of the electrical charges through a
conducting material . ELECTRIC CIRCUIT
The elements in a electric circuit are :
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The generator
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The conductor
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The light bulb
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Producing electricityHIDROELECTRIC POWER STATIONS : Use the energy from the reservoirs . Water moves a turbine and its
generates electricity
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• NUCLEAR POWER STATIONS : Use uranium or plutonium to produce thermal energy
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• THERMAL POWER STATIONS: Burn fuels . Combustion heats water that is converted into steam .
Steam moves a turbine and generates electricity
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• WIND FARMS AND SOLAR POWER STATIONS : transform the wind and the sun energy .
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Energy and the enviroment
Producing and using energy causes problems .• Changes in the landscape . The construction of reservoirs changes the landscape
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• Depletion .Fuels are non-renewable sources of energy and they can run out .
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• Pollution . The burning of fuels produces gases that pollute the air
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Using energy efficiently
• Turn off the ligths
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• Use public transport .
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• Turn off the heaters and air conditioning when its possible . Insulate homes .
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• Practise the 3 R `s : reduce , reuse and recycle .
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Magnetism
Magnetism is the ability of materials to attract metals such as iron and steel . There are two types of magnets , natural or artificial .
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Uses of magnets
• Magnets are used in door locks , bags …
• Magnetism are used to store information on credit cards
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Electromagnetism
• Elctricity produces magnetism .
• Magnetism produces elctricity .
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• When the wheel turns , the magnet inside the dynamo turns and it creates an electrical current .
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THE END