unit 7 (second material)

8/9/2019 Unit 7 (Second Material)

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UNIT 7: CHANGE AND DEVELOPMENT

TASK 1: Below you will find an extract from a presentation comparing stock market

performance in European countries. Complete it using the following words:

PART 1 around; at; downs; so; upward; of;

First, let's have a look at this graph, which showsus the ups and (1). in the 'footsie' over thelast three months. As you can see, the overalltrend is (2)with the index finishing up(3) (4).3,200 in mid-May. This

trend, however, can't hide the fact that there was

a fall (5)..some eighty points or (6)..between the middle of February and thebeginning of March. We'll be looking at thereasons for this unexpected dip in a moment.

LONDON

PART 2 of; over; to; at; about; from

In Paris it's been the same story, with the CAC falling (1) just (2).1850 in mid -February(3) (4).1720 three weeks later. Again, though, overall performance has been good, theCAC putting on roughly 120 points over the three-month period, peaking (5)just short

(6) .2020, give or take a point.

PART 3 down; of; by; downward; between; over;

As you can see, the picture in Milan is ratherdifferent.

The early trend was decidedly (1) Infact, the MIBTel had already fallen (2).. inexcess(3) ..1400 points by mid-March.It then fluctuated (4). 9700 and 9300for the best part of a month, before partiallyrecovering to end up well (5).a hundredpoints (6)..on the figure for mid-February.

MILAN


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2. DESCRIBING AND ANALYSING TABLES AND CHARTS

TASK 1: Look at the four tables below. These show demographic trends in four

different countries between 1996 and 2000. The numbers on the left and right of eachtable show the number of people in millions. Using the information in these tables,

match sentences 1-13 on the next page with the appropriate country. Use the words and

expressions in bold to help you.

Number of people Number of people Number of deaths Number of Number ofunder 18 years of age over 65 years of age married people single people


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1. In which two countries was there a considerabl e discrepancybetween married and single people

between 1996 and 1998?

2. In which country was there a constant and considerable discrepancy between married and single

people over the five-year period?3. In which country was there a sudden and noticeable dif ferencebetween those under 18 and those

over 65 in 1998?

4. In which country did the number of under-18s ri se dramaticall ybetween 1996 and 2000?

5. In which country did the number of under-18s increase sli ghtlybetween 1996 and 2000?

6. In which country did the number of over-65s go up sharplybetween 1996 and 1998?

7. In which country did the number of married people decline over the five-year period?

8. In which country did the number of deaths decrease signif icantlybetween 1996 and 1999?

9. In which country was there a sli ght decli ne in the number of married people between 1998 and

1999?

10. In which country was there a sharp drop in the number of under-18s between 1997 and 1998?

11. In which country was there a sli ght reduction in the number of deaths over the five-year period?

12. In which country was there a signi fi cant increase in the number of deaths between 1998 and

2000?

13. In which country did the number of deaths remain constant over the five-year period?

TASK 2: Now look at the table below, which shows the changes in economic activity in a town

over a period of five years. The figures on the left and right show the number of people involvedin these activities, in thousands. Write your own sentences to describe the situation in the town

regarding the number of:

1. People employed in industry between 1996 and 2000,

2. People employed in retail between 1996 and 2000.

3. People employed in public services between 1999 and 2000.

4. People employed in tourism between 1996 and 2000.

5. Unemployed between 1998 and 2000.

6. People employed in industry compared with those in tourism in 1996.

7. People employed in industry between 1998 and 1999.


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CHARTS ANALYSED

Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make

comparisons where relevant.

Expenditure by local authorities in Someland

Model answerThe charts show how much local authorities spent on a range of services in Someland in three

separate years: 1980, 1990 and 2000.

In all three years, the greatest expenditure was on education. But while K-12 education saw a

fall from 25% in 1980 to only 18% of spending in 2000, higher education remained the largest

proportion, reaching 45% of total spending in 1990 and ending at 40% in 2000.

Expenditure on health and human resources had increased to 20% by 1990 before decreasing

to only 10% by the end of the period. In contrast, the share of transportation saw an oppositetrend. This cost decreased to only 6% of total expenditure in 1990 but rose dramatically in

2000 when it represented 22% of the total budget. Similarly, the cost of environmental

services saw a rising trend, growing from only 4% to 9% by 2000.

Overall, higher education constituted the largest cost to local authorities, and while spending

increased for transportation and environmental services, there were corresponding drops in

expenditure on health and human resources and K-12 education.


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Cinema viewing figures for films by country, in millions

Action Romance Comedy Horror Totals

India 8 7.5 6.5 2.5 24.5

Ireland 7.6 3.8 5.5 6.4 23.3

New Zealand 7.2 4.5 3.9 4.7 20.3

Japan 7.1 4.5 4 2.2 17.8

Total 29.9 20.3 19.9 15.8

Tip

The word respectivelyis useful for placing data in the order that you write about it.

Romance and Comedy are the next popular genres, with the total number of 20.3 million

viewers and 19.9 million viewers respectively.

Model answer

The table compares four countries in terms of the number of people who watch four different

genres of film at the cinema: Action, Romance, Comedy and Horror.

The table indicates that more Indian people watch films at the cinema than the other three

nationalities. In all four countries, Action is the most popular genre of film. The total number

of viewers for action films is nearly 30 million and in each country about 7-8 million people

watch them.

Not many people like watching horror films at the cinema compared to the other genres of

film. In India and Japan only 2-2.5 million people watch horror films but they are more

popular in New Zealand and Ireland. On the other hand, romance films are very popular in

India with 7.5 million viewers but it is not as popular in the other countries. New Zealand and

Japan come next with 4.5 million viewers each.

unit 7 (second material)

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