Unit One Culture Awareness• Section A

• Time-Conscious Americans

• Section B

• Culture Shock

Text Text Understanding Structure Analysis Words and Expressions

Writing

Discussion

Understanding ( page 7 Ex. I ) Structure Analysis

2 1

II. Structure Analysis

General Statement + Illustration + Emphasis

A. The Writing Model of the Passage

Text Study—Structure Analysis

2 1

The general statement (Para.1~2)

Text Study—Structure Analysis

• What does the writer want to tell us ?

time-conscious Americans are _____________ .

2 1

Illustration: (Para.3~7) the foreigner’s first impression of the U.S

Text Study—Structure Analysis

Para.3:

Para.4:

Para.5-7:

Everyone in the U.S. is __________.

Americans start talking business______.

Americans work hard to__________.

in a rush

quickly

save time

2 1

Emphasis by contrast (Para.8)

Americans take it as a sign of skillfulness to

do things quickly, while the foreigners

consider it proper to take time doing things.

Text Study—Structure Analysis

2 1

B. The way to develop paragraphs:

The writer presents the general statement by giving specific details, then telling the reasons.

Text Study—Structure Analysis

General Statement + Specific Details + Reason

2 1

Work with your partner and find out the General Statement, the specific details and the related reason in Paragraph 3:

Tips

Text Study—Structure Analysis

2 1 Text Study—Structure Analysis

General statement:

Specific details :1. _________________________________

2. _________________________________

3. _________________________________

city people, hurrying to …

working time, precious …

drivers, abrupt, people, push past …

The reason:

__________________________________.This is because people value time highly

_____________________________________.Everyone is in a rush — often under pressure

2 1

Paragraph 7 is also developed in this way. Now pick out the general statement, specific detailsand the reason in it.

Text Study—Structure Analysis

2 1 Text Study—Structure Analysis

General statement:

Specific details :

1. ___________________________________

2. ___________________________________

__________________________________

__________________________________everyone, telephone, conduct business …

telephones, save, feet, time …

Telephone service, superb, postal service,

The reason :

_____________________________________.The U.S. is definitely a telephone country

efficient …

2 1

Language Points

Words Game

2 1

Language Points• Para. 1• 1. 停滞不前：• 这间房子闲置着。• 要坚定，不要让他们对你指手画脚。• Stand firm --- don’t let them tell you what to do.

• 2. 进取，前进：• 3. 落后，落伍：

• 4. be committed to: commit oneself to• Mary is a committed nurse. ( devoted, dedicated )

The room stands idle.stand / keep / stay still

move ahead / forwardfall behind / lag behind

2 1

We are committed to withdrawing our troops by the end

of the year.

( having promised to be involved in a plan of action 承诺过的）

The team of Zhang Yimou has been committed to designing, constructing and rehearsing before the opening ceremony of 2008 Olympics.

2 1

Time is one of the two elements that Americans save carefully, the other being labor.

• adverbial clause: S+V-ing / -ed

• No further discussions arising, the meeting was brought to an end. （英译汉）

• 译：没有作进一步讨论，会议就结束了。• ____________ ( 吃完午饭 ), all the guests returne

d to the sitting room.

• Everything _____________________, his plan seems to be more workable. （考虑在内）

Lunch finished

taken into consideration

2 1

Para. 2• slave to sth. to be very influenced by sth.

• 酒鬼：• a slave to drink / alcohol

• a slave to money:

• 金钱的奴隶• 译：她是个拼命赶时髦的人。• She is a slave to fashion.

2 1

• We budget it, save it, waste it, steal it, kill it, c

ut it, account for it; we also charge for it.

plan how tplan how to spendo spend

spend more effspend more efficientlyiciently

reducereduce

explain how explain how to use to use

ask moneask money for sth.y for sth.

Give examples to illustrate the verbsGive examples to illustrate the verbs

E.g. E.g. We take plane back home to We take plane back home to savesave time. time.

2 1

budget

• She has made so many commitments that she

has to budget her time very carefully.

• The government has budgeted for constructin

g a subway in the city.

• a family budget

• It is important to balance this year’s budget.

2 1

Para. 3• in a rush

• restlessly

• race through meals / homework

• within the time allowed

• abrupt

• take it personally

• resent sb. doing sth.

in a hurryimpatiently

rough, offensivetake it seriouslydislike

2 1

take (it) personally• You mustn’t take her negative comments of your plan pe

rsonally.• take heart • take pains• take root• take shape• take stock of• take the plunge• take sth with a grain of salt• You must always take what he says with a grain of salt.

he ia a born liar. • 他的话你可不能轻信，他是个说谎不带脸红的人。

cheer updo one’s best生根，扎根成形，有显著发展估计，观察

take the risk不能轻信某人

2 1

Para. 4

• 开场白 / 寒暄• 礼节性交流• 轻松悠闲的生意交谈• 通过长时间的闲聊• 更不会• 增进信任感

opening exchange

ritual interactionleisurely business chats

over extended small talkmuch less

develop a sense of trust

2 1

convention

• Convention dictates that it is the man who asks the woman to marry him and not the reverse.

• In many countries, it is a convention to wear black at funerals.

• Where are they holding their party convention?

• The earliest Geneva Convention was signed in 1864.

• a convention on human rights

2 1

• I find his art rather dull and conventional.• 我觉得他的作品乏味俗套。• conventional weapons / bombs• nuclear weapons / missiles

2 1

assess / estimate / evaluate

• The manager assessed an apartment on the amount for which it is likely to be rented.

• It’s difficult to estimate the possible results in advance.

• The teacher evaluates a student's thesis for content and organization.

2 1

much less do they take them out…• much less

At the age of fourteen I had never even been on a train, much less an aircraft.

• not to mention He's one of the kindest and most intelligent, not to mention handsome, men I know.

• let alone Some students never read an English article tho

roughly, let alone a whole English book.

2 1

Probe v. / n.• The interviewer probed deep into her private life.

• Detectives questioned him for hours, probing for any inconsistencies in his confession.

• The article probes the mysteries of nationalism in modern Europe.

• The government waged

a probe into corruption

among officials.

• She asked me a few

probing questions.

2 1

Para. 5

• 致力于，努力

• 节省劳力的装置

• 直接接触

• 交通拥挤的道路

work atlabor-saving devices

personal contacts

traffic-filled street

2 1 Notes to the Text—Focus Study

Practice

• … which though pleasant, take longer — especially given our traffic-filled streets.

given + n./ that clause , 如果有…… , 假如；考虑到……

2 1

• 考虑到他们缺乏经验 , 他们算做得很出色了。

•从她对孩子们的兴趣来看，教书应该是适合她的职业。

• _____________________, they’ve done a good job.

•________________________, teaching should be the right career for her.

Notes to the Text—Focus Study

TranslationTranslation

Given their inexperience

Given her interest in children

Chinese to English

Matching Game

2 1

Matching Game

__ superb

__ budget

__ acute

__ skillful

__ restlessly

__ conduct

a. carry outb. impatientlyc. excellent, outstandingd. fine, sharpe. having or showing ability to do sth. wellf. plan the spending of

f

c

d

e

b

a

Words and Expressions—Matching Game

2 1

Chinese to English停滞不前消磨时间

要价承受压力生活节奏

开场白 / 寒暄礼节性交往

邮政服务金钱的奴隶

直接接触

• stand still• kill time• charge (money) for sth.• be under pressure• pace of life• opening exchanges• ritual interaction • postal service • slave to money• personal contacts

Words and Expressions—C to E

Group Work

Page 7 Ex. II

Discussion & Class Report

2 1

• Americans … while Chinese …

• Americans are always … while Chinese …

• Americans treat time as … while Chinese regards time as …

Idea Sharing

TipsTips

Structure WritingStructure Writing

2 1

I. Structure Writing

A General Statement Supported by Specific Details & Reasons

Normally, a writer presents his statementat the beginning of a paragraph, andsupports it with specific details, then he’llbriefly tell readers the reason(s).

Writing—Structure Writing

2 1

A general point : Computers will play an increasingly important role in our daily life.

Specific details:1. Computers measure brain activity.2. Computers evaluate and treat sickness.3. Computers in car show us routes, take money from our bank.4. Home computers take care of regular duties at home.

The reason:Computers are working efficiently.

Sample Writing

Writing—Structure Writing

2 1

• Decide the topic.• Write the topic sentence .•Turn the topic sentence into HOW & WHY

question. •Before writing, outline details & reasons

of the questions.

Tips for writing Tips for writing effective sentenceseffective sentences::

Writing—Structure Writing

2 1

Computers will play an increasingly important role in our daily life. Computers could measure brain activity to determine the quality of our work. Doctors will use computers to evaluate and identify motor problems, figure out repair costs and locate repair shops. Home computers will take care of regular duties at home, help with homework and order food. This is because computers can work more efficiently for us.

Writing—Structure Writing

Sample

2 1

Write a composition about 100 words with the given topic. Use the writing skill we justdiscussed in this unit.

Your Task

Writing—Structure Writing

Protection of the environment has become a major concern of society

Topic

2 1

Specific details:• teachers & pupils, specific meeting, discuss the protection of environment• city planners, environment problems, take … into consideration• factories, reduce pollution, at a high cost

The reason:• bad air & water pollution affect everyone, • cities to survive, businesses to make a profit

Tips

For your reference

Writing—Structure Writing

2 1

Protection of the environment has become a major concern of society. In junior schools, teachers and pupils have specific meetings to discuss the questions of environment. City planners will take environmental problems into serious consideration. Factories will take every possible measure to reduce pollution even at a very high cost. This is because people realize bad air and water pollution affect everyone, making it difficult for cities to survive and for businesses tomake a profit.

(For reference)(For reference)

Writing—Structure Writing