UNITED STATES BUREAU OF EDUCATIONBULLETIN, 1914, NO. 34 - . WHO6,E NUMBER 608

LIBRARY INSTRUCTION IN UNIVERSITIES,

COLLEGES, AND NORMAL SCHOOLS

t..

COMPILED BY

HENRY R. EVA.N.EDITORIAL. DIVISION. U. S. BUREAU OF EDUCATION .

WASHINGTONGOVERNMENT maim OFFICE

1914

-

ERRATA.(For insertion in EtAiletin of the Eureau of

Eduction 1914, No. 34, "Libra,.ry In-struction in Universilles, Colle3es andNormal Schools.")

WASHINGTON

"'State College of Washington, Pullman" shouldread University of WaF:-.inp:ton, Seattle.

The final pararaph on page 20' refers tothe University of Washington, at Seattle, butshould be placed after the table on page 21.

The citation in parenthesis,,,brackets, "Frank T. Barnard, reTistrar,"should be ommitted. Barnard. is the regis-trar of the State College of Washinton atPullman. 4

The State College of Washington has acourse of nine lectures on the use of thelibrary, "hick is required of all freshrilen,and open to others.

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'34*LIBRARY

-4INSTRUCTION IN UNIVERSITIES, COL-

LEGES, AND NORMAL SCHOOLS.

IN'PRODITTION.

The importance of instruction inahe use of books, bibliography,and library economy is recognized by institutions of higher educationin the United States. In many of the universities, colleges, andnormal schools of the country prescribed courses are given in thebook arts and bibliography. In the year 1881 Mr. R. C. Davis,librarian emeritus of the University of Michigan, succeeded in havinga course in bibliography and reference works made a part of thecurriculum of the University of Michigan. The efforts of Mr. Davisgave a great impetus to the general movement for bibliographicaland library instruction in colleges and univefftities. Brown Uni-versity in 1902-3 offered a course in bibliography, which in recentyears has been discontinued, owing to pressure of other duties on the.part of the professor of bibliography, who is at the same timelibrarian of the university. Yale University has a course thebibliography of history, which is required of all students beforefurther courses in history can be taken. This course has been foundproductive of an excellent training fur advanced college work.

In cooperation with the legislative reference department of theWisconsin Free Library Commission, the library school of the Uni-versity of Wisconsin offersh special course of training for legislativeanti municipal reference work and the various sociological phases oflibrary service. The interest in bibliographical work is undoubtedlyIncreasing, but as Mr. Willard Austen., of Cornell University, re-marks:

At none of our collegiate institutions, except at those where library. schoolcourses were open to the general student body, can a student get instruction inall the sub)ects that go to make up a well-rounded course in bibliography forthe general literary worker.'

Excellent library schools have been established at the followinginstitutions: Simmons College, Boston, Mass.; Western Reserve Uni-

iteport on bibliographic Instruction in colleges, made. to New York State Library Asso-ciation. See Report of B. S. ComMissioner of lidneation, 1918, v.1, p. WT.

4 k LIBRARY INSTRUCTTtlq.

versity, Cleveland, Ohio;'University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis.ITniversity of Illinois, Urbana, Ili.; 'and Syracuse University, Syra-cure, N. Y.

Many educators of note, as well as college and university librarians.have emphasized the urgent necessity of bibliographical instructionand training in "book -using skill." Dean Kendric C. Babcock, inthe Library Journal for March, 1913 (pp. 133-136), says :

WI.

The place of the library in the work of all departments \ is one of increasingimportance. The library is ay resource or reservoir from which the studentshould draw constantly for information and inspiration, whether his interestlie in history, literature, or science. Every month of delay in instructinghim in the meaning and use of the library lessens the efficiency of his course.The importance of knowing how to use the library is peculiarly great forscientific students and engineering students, whose best material is frequentlyin the foim of magazine articles, pamphlets, proceedings of learned societies,and technical papers prepared by experts. Every new student should he re-quired to take some course in which is given definite practical instructionin the handling of library tools. It is not enough to instruct, those who happento choose history or literature. Such a course, moreover, should not only bemired, but it should constitute a definite part of the work required for adegree. Perhaps the best way of securing its recognition would be to giveit a definite credit toward a given degree. * * * This plea for required ac-credited instruction in bibliography is not based wholly upon theory. It cer-tainly would mkt be satisfied by chance instruction througethe insistence ofdepartmental heads or enthusiastic instructors in different departments. Sev-eral institutions have already tried the scheme and find that it works well.They haie reasoned rightly that the work should be under the directick of thelibrarian and carried on by his trained assistants, and that when so done it isentitled tb recognition.

Dr. Babcock cites the work of " three progressive institutionsto illustrate the procedure, namely, the Oregon Agricultural CV-lege, the University of North Dakota, and the Ohio State University.

To obtain statistical and other data relating to " book arts,'bibliog-raphy, library economyvr any instruction in the management oflibraries," the United Sts Bureau of Education on May 21, 1913,sent out a questionnaire, to the M)6 institutions of higher educationand to the 284, normal schools of the United States. Replies werereceived irom 946 universities and colleges and 166 normal schools.Of the colleges and universities 355 reported that no instructionwas given in the book arts, etc., and 91 reported courses more or lessadequate and complete. The following instituticins have requiredcourges, with cicada toward graduation, designed to train all thestudents in effective use of books and libraries, instruction beinggiven by the librarian of by members of the library staff : KansasState Agricultural College, University of North Dakota, Ohio StateUniversity, Or Agricultural College, Pennsyliapia State 'Col-ic/4g Utah Agricultural College, and the University o Waphington.:

INTRODUCTION.

Elective courses are offered with credit by the folldwing institu-Lions, instruclion by the librarian or library staff : University ofAlabama ; Argion College, Mich.; Alfred University, Alfred, N. Y.;University of Arizona ; Beloit College, Beloit, Wis.; Cornell Univer-sity, Ithaca, N. Y.; Hamilton .Collegei Clinton, N. Y.; Universityof Idalio;. University of Illinois; Indiana University; Universityof IoNv6;; University of Maine; Miami University, Oxford, Ohio;LTniveSit of ic igan ; Mills College, California ; Universityof Ne xico; Oberlin College, Oberlin, Ohio; West VirginiaUniv State Agricultural College, Fort Collins, Colo.; and Uni-sverse Denver.

NORMAL SCHOOLS.

Since the initial report on the introduction of library instructioninto normal schools, made by Miss Baldwin in 1906 for the NationalEducation Association, there has been a remarkable interest arousedin the movement throughout the Country and a great demand forprinted courses of study. The paucity of, textbooks on the subjectof school libraries and children's literature has somewhat retardedthe development of the work among normal schools. Miss I. M.Mendenhall, chairman of the committee on normal school libraries ofthe National Education Association, in a report made to the associa-tion in 1912, deplores the lack of a handbook that outlines a course oflessons on children's literature or a course of library lessons for'children.

A more or less superficial. acquaintance with the book arts an4bibliography may suffice for the average college and high-schoolstudent, but something more is required in the ease of the .normal-

, school student.. To be thoroughly equipped for his future profes-sion of teaching, he should have a first-hand knowledge of children'sbooks and possess in addition the ability to organize and administer asmall .;chool library with success.

Of the 284 normal schools, public and private, in the United States,/166 replied to the bureau's questionnaire, 73 reported no work done

in book arts and allied subjects, while 93 reported instruction inlibrary methods and bibliography, emphasis being laid on the organi-zation and administration of school libraries and the study of chil-dren's literature. Some of these courses are meager, others quiteelaborate.

Wisconsin and Idaho 'are the only States requiring library instruc-tion in the notinargehools.. In the former State library questionti areincluded in tip teachers' examinations for all certificates except third*4rade. In Illinois the course of study required by the State NormalBoard includes library methods as au elective. The State Melia'

6 LIBRARY 'INSTRUCTION.

School at Geneseo, N. Y., is a typical example of a school giving ateacher-librarian course. i Says Miss Mendenhall:

Commissioner Draper, in his reporClor 1911 for the education department ofNew York State, says that the teaching function of the librarian in the schoolsmiht be recognized. and he urges the appointment in the small school librariesof teacher-librarians trained to select and organize the school library and totrain teachers and pupils in its use. In New York gtate, Geneseo was desig-nated as the normal school to introduce the teacher-librarian course, with'thepurpose of providing for the small school library that can never afford as libra-rian the graduate of a library school. This course requires one period a dayduring the two years' course, either in recitation or in practice work, aridespecial attention is given to children's literature and to practice lessons withchildren. .

Summer courses in teacher-librariapship are offered in a numberof States; under the auspices of the respective State library .com-missions.

I. UNIVERSITIES AND COLLEGES.ALABAMA.

University of Alabama, Unirersity.Instruction given in use of the libraryand reference work. The course is designed to help the student to an intelli-gent and systematic use of books. Open to all students; one hour a week,first half 'year. Two rections.C. II. Barnwell, dean.

ARIZONA.

University of Arizona, Tucson. -41'he following course was given In the Uni-versity of Arizona in the academic year 1912-13:

Use of books and elementary bibliography: Classification, card catalogues,the more common reference books, bibliographies, indexes, dictionaries, cyclo-pediae. Open to freshmen and sophomore two hours, first semester. A con-tinuation into the second semester of the e, discussing library administra- ,tion and requiring, practice work ; two hours also the second semester.A. H. Wilde, president.

ARKANSAS.

Hendrix Colter*, Conway.Olves instruction in library admInintration;very elementary course covering the general ti,ld, the use and care of books,classification/ cataloguing, etc. The methods used in the larger Ibraries aswell as Ode used III our own are noticed, but the work of the small library iskept in view. The use of the most practical aids, as periodical Indexes, refer-ence books most useful. in school libCaries, aids for debating, rhetorical anddeclamatory work, the keeping of records, etc. TOis course\is offered primarilyto ttJse who expect to teach where they may have the care of the library.The assistant librarlaps are selected from those doipg good work in thiscoarse. A. C. Millar, president.

taepart on normlii-school libraries. In National Zdncation Association, Addresses andProceedings, 1418; pp. 760-161.

UNIVESSMIES AND. COLLICOBS. 7

CALIFORNIA.

. Mills College, Mille College P. O.Gives a two-hour course, in bibliograbyand library manageulent. Credit for year, two units. The subject is treatedunder the following beads:

(1) Thetrydescription of books, explanation, of library classification, andcatalogue. (2) Practicein use of library; general works, 'and specific.(3) Different kinds of -bibliography. (4) Lectures ou typography, and exam-ples. (5) Use of catalogue for ready refence, alphabet:log, etc. (0) Use ofperiodical literature. (7) Use of original sources.=Luella C. Carson, presi-dent. ,

Throop Polytechnic Institute., Pasadena. Will inaugurate in the fall of 1913.a course in the use of libraries and bibliography. To be open to all registeredstudents of Throop College of Te;:hnology, and will include training in theproper apd expeditious use of books, dictionaries, encyclopedias, indexes of allsorts, and periodical literature. It wilj also include the making of bibliogra-phies in connection with theme and thbsis work. There will be lectures andlaboratory work.Gladys Brownson, librarian.

University of California, Berkeley.During the summer session of 1913 acourse in library training will be offered, giving a systematic outline of theessenSials of library work. Credit not execeeding -0 units toward a universitydegree will be trained for this course, and students who satisfactorily completethe entire course will receive. certificates to that effect. It is hoppd that asummer course may become a regular part of the summer session, hift this cannot be stated definitely as yet.Ilaold L. Leupp, associate librarian.

University of Southern California, College of Liberal Arts, Los Angeles.Theonly instruction in library economy given in the university is a course each yearIn August to students who wish to work in the library for their college tuition.This course is required of .all students. who wish to work in the library thefollowing year, and endtles them to half of their tuition for one year. It con-sists of classification, reference work, bibliography, and general library methods.It is given chiefly to acquaint the student with library work and books and notas a regular library course.Charlotte df. Brown, librarian.

COLORADO.

Colorado Woman's College, Denve The only work done here Is to prepareyoung women for entrance examinations ) such institutions as Pratt Instituteyoung women who have library work In view. Gives courses in current events,literature, history, and Modern languages with this end in P. Treat,president.

State Agricultural College, Fort Collins.Offers only one course in the '.tee ofbooks, which includes the use of catalogues, indexes, %rots of reference, etc.,and'a certain amount of laboratory work in the library. This is given as anelective coarse, one lecture and five laboratory hours a week ; 2 Credits areallowed, Charles A. Lory, president.

University of Denver, Dcnrer.LOffers instruction! in the use of a modemlibrary and gives training In general library work tb those who may wish tonet as assistants in the college library. These assistants are4lected from thosestudents who have made an excellent record in this course.

The course consists of theoretical and practical work In the following sub-jects: The library catalogue, the indexes to various classes of knowledge, booksof reference, investigation of a subject In a library, charging system,'classiflea-lion and marking of books, the preparation of new books for the shelves. calk

8 LD3RARY INSTRUCTION.

qt books, 6IbliograpWes and how to make them. This course Is given duringthe first qualiter and repeated in each of the other two regular quarters. Thelibrarian lectures two hours each week. There is an examination at the endof the course, and two hours of credit are given to those who pass.Henry A.Buchtel, chancellor

CONNECTICIA.

Yale University, New haven. Offers hi the graduate school a course onbibliography which extends forte hour a w, ek during the first half of theyear. Given by Mr. Andrew Keogh, reference librarian In the university library.The course is described In the graduate-school pamphlet as consisting of " lee-tures ou certain practical aspects of bibliography ; discussion of general refer-ence books; book-trade listS; the bibliography of classical philology and of themodern languages; catalogues of manuscripts and of special collection@ In otherlibraries; the making of bibliographies; the printing of theses."

This is the only course on bibliography and library economy that is announcedas regularly given in any of the departments of this university. Edwin RogersEmbrec, alumni registrar.

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

The Catholic University of America, Washington.The university offers acourse in library science dbring the summer school. ,Besides this course, severallectures are given during the year to the students on bibliography and referencebooks. It is hoped by the rector and the faculties of the university that regularcourses in bibliography and reference works will be made part of thecurri-cqIum.Joseph Schneider, librarian.

Trinity ollege, Washington.The college offers in the department of historyand political sciences the following: (1) BibliographyStudy of general his-torical bibliogrhphies. (2) Historical constructionNature and treatment ofhistorical material.

There is no special instruction given in the management of libraries.Sr.Florence Louise, secretary.

Oallaudet College, Washington.--Gallaudet College gives an optional course ofone year In elementary library economy of two hours per week.Percival Hall,president.

Howard University, Washington.The library school of the university offersinstruction to those who wish to make library work their profession. The re-

utrement for admission is graduation frout.an accredited high school, or anequivalent.hourse of study. The courses of study (Junior and senior years)comprise the regular topics of classli)iition, cataloguing, accession work, charg-ing systems, history of library development, etc.

IDAHO. IUniversity of Idaho, Moscow.Course in library science given in regular ses-

sion, consisting of elementary reference work (1 credit), first semester; libraryapprentice work (8 credits), each semester. The first course is intended toteach the proper and effective use of the ilimary and orgeneral refeance books

' in connection with other college work. It dia not aim to fit students for librarypositions of any kind. The second is intended to be of special penellt to thosewishing to do library work In the small libraries or to be assistants In the largbMeath* The summer school gives courses in library work, comprising ele-

, nientary cataloguing, selection and use of children's books, and ,elementary*Grew*

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UNIVERSITIES AND COLLEGES.

ILLINOIS.

Augustana College and Theological Seminary, Rock Island.A 1 -unit coursein bibliography, which will include lectures on bibliography and the manage-ment, arrangement. and uses of libraries, will be inaugurated in the,ear1913.This will he supplemented by work in the library, credit to be given Air thework done:Marcus S. Korstedt, librarian.

Illinois if College, Jaeksontilte.Short course In library science offeredbx the bead librarian of the city library. Lectures given on cataloguing andclassifying books, study of indexes, etc. One hour, one yearA. C/Metcalf,registrar.

James Whin University, Decatur. The school of library science offerscourses in bookmaking, reference fork. bibliography, library economy, librarywork with children, etc.

The professors in the other schools of the college give instruction In theirrespective subjects as listed below.

The Purposes of the courses offered ' (1) to bring the principlesof'llbrary economy before th a student' in such a way as to enable himto use with advantage an wrly arranged library and to assist him In select-ing and managing his n library, and (2) to train librarians. The courses aregiven by lecture, t ook, and practice, in which the library itself is thelaboratory.

Students completing the following course are awarded the degree of B. S.with library science:

)9

Summary library adence (it. N. with L. 151.).'Freshman :

Eng High 1, 2 4.4, 6 T. W. Th. F.Chemistry 1. 2 (3) le) 4.4, 3. W. F. 1, 2 T. 3, 4 8.Niathemnit 1, 2 4.4, 5, T. W. Th. F.German or each.Library 1, 1.2, 2, W. F.Collaterals 1.1.

SopbomoreEnglish 3, 4 4.4, 1, T. V?: Th.41'.Library 13, 14 2.2.German or French.History 2a, b '0.4, 5, T. W. T2). F.Co 'laterals 1.1.Library 3, 4 .. 3.2, 2, T. 2 Tit. 2 8.Elective ",1,

Junior :History 3, 4 4.4, 1, T. W. Th. F.,.Library 5, 6 3.3, 6 T. Tb. S.._Library 7. 5_, (2) (2) 1.1,German or F (ench.Biology 3, 4 4.4, 3, Tb. 8. 4. W. Th. F..8.

Senior:P -111 4.4, 4. T. W. Th..8.hilosophy 1, 2, 3

, Economics 7 4.0, 5, T. W. Tb. F.Library 0, 10, 11_ (2) 3.1, 2, 1 W.Floe Arts 10, 20 1.1, 3, 8.Elective 4.10.

Lombard College Gatesburp.Otters opportunity to a limited and selectedgroup of students to secure knowledge of library technique in the library. Ishould hard,y dignify it with theterm "course," however. We plan, however,to 'thus contibue to Peet this need.H. W. Hurt, president.

University of Chicago, Chicago.The school of education of the universityoffers a course in school library economics which is intended to present in annntechnlcal form such library methods as will familiarize teachers with the useof books and ways of indexing them. -A series of discussiOns of books and other

" forms of literature available tor. school children and lists of reading mattersuitable for children of the different grades aid classes In the ihIgh school arepresented and discussed. Instruction is also given in the organtIon and eon.

000911*:-14---2

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duct of school libraries and In the metho4 6f collecting and filing referencesand notes. .

University of Illinois, Urbana.The University of Illinois maintains a libraryitchool with an organization distinct from the other schools and colleges of the'university. This school offeY' a two-year course of study leading to the degreeof bachelor of library science. A college degree is required for admission to theschool.

In addition to the two-year course leading. to the degree of bachelor of libraryscience the library school offers a course in general reference, open to freshmenand sophomores in the university. A description of this courses as follows:

General reference : This cont.se Is open only to freshmen and sophomores In the univer-sity, and is rven for the purpose of aiding teem in their use oT the university library. Itcomprises lectures on the classification and arrangement of books in the library, librarycatalogues, and groups of reference books such as cyclopedias, dictionaries, indexes, andhandbooks of various sorts. It Is of particular value to students who are planning toteach in high schools. This one-semester course May be taken in either the first or secondsemester ; I (2) or II (2).

In addition to these courses, the university offers in the summer session abrief six-weeks elementary course In library economy and requires for entranceto this course that each applicant be regularly employed in a library. The work

'given in this summer session at present does not count toward the degree ofbachelor of library science. The general purpose of the summer work is, asorganized at present. to be of immediate assistance to the smaller libraries ofthe State.

A course in Iftin palaeography, meting one hour a week for one semester.Is given by the faculty of the classical department. This is a course intendedfor students of the grAluate school of the university.P. L. Windsor, director.

William an4 Vashti College, Alcdo.Gives some instruction to its students inlibrary work the cataloguing and handling of books of reference. Beyondthis nothing is attempted.Frank C. English, president.

IIIDXANA.

Earihem College, Richmond.Offers no regular work in library economy.Because of the growing demand for librarians, the college has planned a regularcollege course in the regular department of liberal arts adapted particularlyfor students who are looking forward ,to library work as a profession. Pro-visions are also made for a certain amount of appl-entice work in the libraryfor those who are interested in library work. In addition to this, the PublicLibrary Commission of Indiana hold their regular six weeks' library summerschool in the library, and while this work is entirely distinct from EarihatnCollege, yet there la a close affiliation of interest. Harlow Lindley, librarian.

indiana Unitteraitti, Bloomington.Indiana University .offers a two-hourcourse running through one term (about 20 meetings of the class) In "ele-mentary referencet and bibliography ;" a course designed foi freshmen andsopholppres, but 'open to all, in which the principal encyclopedias, dictionaries,periodical indexes, and other geberal reference books are examined with aview to enabling the students to use the library to the best advantage. Thecourse Is conducted by the reference librarian.--iftKoeiretty of Notre Dame, Notre Dame.No regular organised courses inltbrat7 work or bibliography, have been offered to the public by formal an-1tonncement ; but the librarian has under instruction four young men Indreadation \work, two in the work of cataloguing, and five in bookbindirfg. Theulirferellty expects tolet* formal courses in llbrkry work In about a year.

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IINIVERSITXES AND COLLEGES.

Rose_ Polytechnic Institute, Terre Haute.Gives instruction inuse of indexes, and the economic use of a library in connection with the

work of the students, which is assigned in the way of reading-up topics andsubjects of instruction.-0. Leo Nees, president.

IOWA.

Drake University, Des iloines.Offers no regular course in library work,but gives some special instruction to freTzihmen on "how to use a library. "ii. Mc Bell, president.

Crfnnell College, Grinnell. During the first semester 20 lectures are givenby the- librarian to a Illnited number of students. The student's preparationconsists of two hours required reading; and application consists of a workingout of assigned prOblems. The primary object of the instruction is to make thelibrary more useful to the student; and the secondary object is to place be-fore him the profession of librarianship, doing this through the lectures, fur-

-. thee conferences, and apprenticeship. The following subjects are included:The book, the catalogue, classifichtion, books of reference, indexes, documents,and bibliographies.

Iowa State College, Agricultdre and Mechanic Arta, Ames.Freshmen arerequired to tv,ke four bouts of library work. This is simply four hours in thefall semester.

The work consists mostly of lectures on the classification of catalogues, peri-odicals, periodical indexes, and reference books. The engineering, agricultural,and home-economics students have the literature of their particular subjectsrather'fully described and explained. Lavinia E. Clark, librarian.

l'arsons College, liairfield.The college has In its library three library ap-prentices during the s..bool year of nine months. TI2e head librarian givesthem Instruction In management. accessioning, and rattler deal; work.C. B.Doward,4eeretary. .

State University of Iowa, lowa City.Two courees in blbllekkaphy.are offeredas electives, under the department of English. Onecomprehends the ticdtiction to the use of books, the other has to do with tpe history of the

.These courses are full semester courses, one hour a week.In addition to tte above we have an arrangement with the department of

English'by which each freshman English class is given a one-hour tour aboutthe library in the charge of a member of the library staff. The use of thecatalogue, the system of classification, the most important reference books,Poole's index, and our areangement for loaning books are explained as fullas possible In this brief time. As all freshmen are required to take Engliawe are thus able to reach each freshman for this one-hour explanation.M. 0.11:yer, librarian.

KANSAS.

teKansas State Agriesatlt/ College, Manhattan. - -Gives a course In use ofbooks end the library; required of every student In the college for one term.The course consists of weekly leeturel one hour esrch, followed by two hours aweek laboratory Went in the library, making of bibliographies, looking up reference problems, etc. Credit of the same amount aa.for any other college worktaking the same amount of time (2 credit hotui).At. B. Basin, librarkm

12 LIBBABY INSTRUCTION;

KENTUCKY.

State University of Kentucky, Lerington.Offers a course in library train-ing in connection with the department of English. Fundamental psinciples usair aid to a broader knowledge of English. Lectures on theory throughout thecourse. Two hours' laboratory work each week after Christmas. First term,training by librarian in classification, use of reference books, card catalogue,Preparation of bibliographies, etc. Second and third terms,.book selection andordering, book binding and mending, literature for children, school libraries,etc. Two hours per week throughout the year.

Object during the first term isto tench the use of boi)ks and the library asan aid to students in their college work, and in the second and third terms togo dgeper into the practical and technical aspects for those who are to be teach-ers, or who contemplate taking up library work as a profession. Does notpretend to give professional training.-1fargaret 4. King. librarian.

LOUISIANA.

Tulane University, New Orleans.Gives courses as follows: (1) Referencework and bibliography; one hour a week; two hours a week preparation re-quired. (2) Library methods. This course instructs teachers in the practicalmanagement of school libraries, the function of the -ktool library in Its rela-tion to the school curriculum, and other problems. Only those phases of libraryeconomy which apply directly to school-library conditions are taught. OnebOur a week; same preparation required.

Either of these courses may be replaced by a second-year course in methodsif number, and prepqration of the applicants justify the change. The abovecourses are also offered by the Tu lane summer school. Helen W. Dodd, cata-loguer and instructor.

H. Sophie Newcomb Memorial College (Tu lane University of Louisiana),New Orleans. Library work required of regular freshman. The course is de-adened to enable students to use the library intelligently. It includes the his-tory of fiboks and bookmaking, the parte and binding of modern books, the useof the catalogue and of periodical Indexes, the plan of a number of standardreference books, the outline of classification and the making of bibliographies.

MAINE.

Bates College, Lewiston.Every student receives careful instruction in themethods of using a libciry, although there Is no formal instruction In the bookarts, bibliography, or library economy. A few students, are permitted to takework each year in the management of libraries, but this work is not included inany of the courses and does not count toward a degree.Oeorpc C. Chase.

Bowdoin College, Brunswick The librarian, in connection with the depart-/pent of English, gives a series of Informal talks on the library and referencebooks to small groups of the freshman class.-0. T. Little, librarian

MARYLAND.

Goucher College, Baltimore. An Import Sat part of the freshman work con-sists of Instruction in the use of libraries; hoW to use catalogues, periodicalindexes, and reference books; how to judge of the authority of books by author.edition, etc.; and how to use a large number of books in investigating a singlesubject. This work, occupying a half year, includes the taking of notes on cards

UNIVERSITIES AND COLLEGES. . 18

which are classified, labeled, and arranged according to topics. The materialis derived from three sources, viz, books and reports, magazines,tand personalobservation (visiting, interviewing, letter writing, etc.). In the higher collegeclasses the experience gained in such work is used in practically all courses.

In the advanced course In the Johns Hopkins summer school special stress Islaid on compilation. use of indexes, reference books. etc. Any instruction informal library management, however, would be outside the scope of eithercollege.Robert M. Goy, associate professor of English.

Loyola College. Baltimore.While the college does give an ex prefesso coursein book arts. etc., the students of the collegiate department get a practicalinstil:it in library work "Julia gradunischolae" according to the Jesuit ratiostudios tin, or system of studies.-1Villiam J. Ennis, president.

MASSACHUSETTS.

Simmons College, Boston.Every year the college has a large, number ofgraduates trained in library science. The prescribed course covers four years.Technical instruction Includes cataloguing, reference work, classification, historyof libraries. with prolonged practice under supervision in libraries, both at thecollege and outside.Sarah Louise Arnold.

As Simmons College is a technical institution it has, in one of Its departmentswhich is devoted to the training of librarians, courses in book arts, bibliography,library eConomy, etc., as npart of the regular instruction. It has in addition acourse given to freshman students in the secretarial and the library schools.Mary E. Robbins, chairman of the library faculty.

MICHIGAN.

University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.During the academic year the universityhas a course in bibliography as follows: First semesterHistorical bibliog-raphy, or the evolution e book; lectures, one hour. Second semester .Practical bibliography, the description, care, and use of books; lectures, onehour. During the sum er school an eight weeks' course Is given in librarymethods. It consists of lectures and practice work five days a week, in acces-sioning an4 shelf listing, card alphabeting and filing, preparation of books forthe shelves, cataloguing and classification, Cutter author numbers, book selectionand ordering, trade bibliography, reference and loan desk work, periodicals,charging systems, etc. Special work is done in bookbinding one morning eachweek.Theo: W. er och, librarian.

MINNESOTA.

Macalcster College, St. Paul.No regular course in book arts, me., but thelibrarian gives a brief series of lectures to new students each year on the useof the llbrary.A. 1V. Anderson.

MISSOURI.

University of Missouri, Columbia.Offered 'a course In library methods inthe summer school of 1012 and will repeat It In 1914. During the school yeargave a two-hour course in library methods, the first selnester on administrationof school libraries, the second semester on cataloguing and classification. Twohours' credit on each course is given in the school of education of the univers10.liesrg 0, Entrance, librarian.

14 LIBRARY INSTRUCTION.

NEBRASKA.

Grand Island College, Grand Island.In the first year of college Englishclasses are given two or three weeks of systematic instruction and drill iu useof.the library.F., A. Kingsbury, head of education department.

NEW HAMPSHIRE.

New Hampshire College, Durhotn.Gives to all members of the freshmanclass eight hours of Instruction, with required practice. in the use of the cardcatalogue, periodical indexes, special indexes like the card index of experimentstations, etc., and the more common reference books.Mabel Hodgkins, libraiiian.

NEW JERSEY.

Princeton University, Princeton..--,No instruction is given in Princeton Uni-versity in library economy or the management of a library, hilt there are, how-ever, two graduate courses In history and the desalts which comprehend instruc-tion in bibliography, as follows:

(1) A general course in the methods of historical research and bibliography.This course is designed as an introduction to the advanced study of history. It

, comprises an account of the materials for historical research, cu examination ofthe bibliographical tools most essential for the study of history in the threefields, and a discussion of the principles of historical efiticisiii. After a fewpreliminary lectures the course is divided into three sections. each devotingitself to a particular field of study. The lectures are accompanied tiy practicalexercises. 13oth terms, three hours a week.

(2) Palaeography, general and applied. Introduction to the psychology, my-thology, and history' of ancient writings; the material and form of books, theevolution of alphabetic writing, the science and method of textual and highercriticism. Application in the field of Latin codices, with practice in decipher-ment, dating, and the method of research, including search for the manuscripts,exercise in the description and collation of manuscripts and the formation ofgenealogical tables, the discrimination of documents and voluntary variations.Second term, three hours a week.Gilbert F. Close, editor of official publications.

Rutgers College, New.Brunsicick.'!here is no separate course In book arts,etc. However, in the courses in literature and history. bibliography and thehistory of printing are taken up extensively. In_all the courses Instruction isgiven in the bibliography of the special subjects under study. Tilers has beenptiposed and may be introduced into the curriculum a course in bibliographyand library economy.George A. Osborn, librarian.

NEW MEXICO.

New Meeioo College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts arid Agricultural Ex-periment Station, State College.All members of the freshman class and allspecial College students who have not had a similar course elsewhere are re-quired to take a course in bibliography, a course which occupies one hour aweek for halt the college year and requires about two hours a week in prepara-tion.

The course consists of lectures on the use of the various card indexes, generaland United States Department of Agriculture, and the experiment station file,the periodical indexes, Poole's Reader's Guide and Engineering, the UnitedStates document indexes, and brief comments on the use of the various books1 the reference collection, the latter based upod Kroeger's Guide to ReferendaBooks. For practice work questions are submitted each week which must besought out before the next lesson, and two bibliographies are required during

UNIVERSITIES AND COLLEGES, 15the semester; the first, a simple subject 'which teaches form and method ofsearch and application of material found; the second must be upon some sub-ject of general interest, must cover all material to be found in the library, andmust be offered In plain, usable form and left in the librtry as part of its files.Josephine Morton, librarian.

University of New Mexico, Albuquerque.Gives an elementary and advancedcourse in library science, thoroughly covering the subject in all its branchesevery year.Da rid R. Boyd, president.

NEW YORK.

Alfred University, Alfred.A course in general reference work is offered inAlfred University. This course is designed to give the student an adequateworking knotidedge of the library and libraty usage. It consists of lectures onthe proper use of the librarystied reading room; on the use and care of books,newspapers, and periodicals; on the classification and arrangement of books;on the card catalogue, with instruction in its use; on the scope and use of dic-tionaries. encyclopedias, periodical indexes, Government documents, and otherworks of reference, with practical exercises applying the principles and methodsdiscussed. The preparation of reference lists on assigned topiCs and an originalbibliography will be required as a part of the course. Open to all students;especially recommended to freshmen; one hour.G. Clawson, librarian.

Columbia University, New York City.During the Ntlimer session a course inlibrary economy is offered. Credit for courses in the summer session as areaccepted by the several faculties of the university In partial fulfillment of therequirements for degrees, or for diplomas in teaching. is given upon the satis-factory completion of the course, including the final examination. Course_ inlibrary work consists of 31 lectures or other exercises, etc.

Cornell University, Ithaca.Cornell University has courses in bibliographyas follows: (1) Introductory (first term) ; credit. 2 hoursA study of the prin-cieles of typography, bookbinding, indexing, classification, cataloguing, prepara-tion of manuscripts, administration, etc. (la) Laboratory work ,(second term) ;credit, 1 hour; prerequisite, course 1The laborntly work covers the subjectsof the first course and is intended for studentS who wish more of the practicalwork. (2) General bibliography (second term) ; credit, 2 hours Gives mate-rials and form of bdoks in ancient times; books In the Middle Ages, block books,early printed hooks, illustrated by examples of manuscripts and incunabula;book Illustration; bookbindings; form notation; systthns of classification andcataloguing; general bibliographical aids. etc. These are general courses andhardly go into much detail concerning library economy and the management oflibraries.G. W. Harris, librarian.

Hamilton College, Clinton.The college library affords good facilities forbibliographical work. The course we have hitherto had for a few Is nowbetter continued in less technical but more effective work for the many.If. W. Stryker, president.

Syracuse University, Syracuse.Five courses are offered hi the libraryschool in order to encourage as much academic study as possible before begin-ning technical work, viz: (A) A two-years' technical course for college gradu-ates leading to the degree of bachelor of library science; (B1) a one-year'stechnical course for college graduates leading to the degree of bachelor oflibrary economy; (B2) a four-years' combined academic and technical courseleading to the degree of bachelor of library economy ; (Cl) a three-years' cer-tificate course, consisting of two years of academic study, folloried by one year'stechnical course; (C2) a two-years. technical certificate course.

16 LIBRARY INSTRUCTION.4

In B1 the one-year's technical work must be followed by six months of prac-tice in an approved library, and the presentation of a satisfactory originalthesis on some technical subjectMary J. Sibley, acting librarian.

Vassar College, Poughkeepsie. Beyond one or two talks on the arrangementof the library and the proper use of the books, and a good deal of personalattention on the part of one of the librarians, there is no instruction Oven atVassar In library economy. The instruction given is merely of a practicalnature, as called for by the various departments, but does not look toward thework of a librarian. The students have a great deal of practice in mnkinrrt>.d using the bibliographies in connection with the work of the several depart-

McCaleb, secretary of the college.

NORTH CAROLINA.

Davidson College, Davidson. Each member of the class in freshman Englishis drilled in the u,se of the library, reference work, compiling bibliographies,etc., as a part of the course during the fall term. This instruction is com-pulsory.

The college has the open-shelf system, and by Christmas of the first yeareach student has had sufficient library training to be able to get batter resultsfrom the three remaining years of his course. This work is graded as a partof the required work and is done under the supervision of the professor ofEnglish and the librarian. Cornelia Shaw, librarian.

University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. Gives instruction in library ad-,ministration, which includes bibliography, book selection, reading courses, de-bate references, indexing, and technical library methods; practice in the library.This course is open to library fellows and assistants. Upon the approval of thecommittee on courses it may also be counted for the degree b§ students pre-paring for library positions. Both terms, two bears.

NORTH DAKOTA.

North Dakota Agricultural College and Government Experiment Station,Agricultural College. Requires all students of the freshman class to take regu-lar instruction in library reference work of a gade that will egable them tomake the best use of the college library.John H. Worst, president.

University of North Dakota, Grand Forks.The course in library economyat the present time is required of all freshmen, and covers one hour a weekduring khe first semester. Next year this will be made a three-hour course,with technical and special instruction along library lines. The course will begiven in the second semester, while a short series of some six lectures will begiven to the freshmen covering instruction in library work, and will include theprinciples of classification, the use of card catalogues, books of reference, in-dexes, besides practical work in accessioning and classification and the adminis-tration of the library.Frank L. McVey, president.

OHIO.

Hiram College, Hiram. Hiram College has hitherto offered no Instructionin library science,-but the librarian has lectured during the current year on theuse of the library and hopes to Five regular lectures to English cisiraffnextyear on reference work, use of the library, etc.J. 0. Newcomb, secretary-treossrer.

Miami University, Oxford. Library instruction is 'offered as follows: (1)Two to four lectures on the organisationnisatIo? and use of the library. Required of all

UNIVERSITIES AND COLLEGES. 17

freshmen. Given'by the librarian. (2) One-hour course through one semester.consisting of lectures and practice work on the claselfieation, and arrangementof Watks; the dictionary card catalogue, its construction and use; the scope anduse of encyclopediait indexes, bibliographies. and other reference tools. Givenby the library staff. (3)Two-hour course through one semester on elenitatarybookbinding, together with brief history of printing and bookbinding. Givenby manual arts department. Edgar Ewing Brandon, rice president.

Oberlin College, Oberlin. Courses In history of printing, ,graphic arts, andintroduction to the study of libraries are offered in the library department ofOberlin College..1zarialt S. Root, librarian.

Ohio Wesleyan Unieersity, Dclaware.For two years a two-hour course forone semester was given in bibliography in the Ohio Wesleyan University. Thecourse was primarily instruction In the use of the library. During the past twoyears, instead of this course, which was elected by about 35 students.'two lec-tures have been given to the students In a general course. In which the enroll-meta is about 250./t. B. Miller, librarian.

Otterbein University, Westerrille.We are planning to give a course inlibrary science and bibliography the coming school year. We believe thts to bea highly practical as well hs cultural subject. W,,G. Clippinger, president.

The Western College for Women, Oxford. The Western College offers ashort course, one hour a week for one semester, on the use of libraries andelementary bibliography. The course consists of lectures on the methodsem-ployed in libraries t; facilitate the use of books. Practical prhblems are givento enable a student to become familiar with these methods and the principalworks of reference which are discussed in the course. This course has beenoffered but two years.Mary .4. Sawyer, acting president.

Western Reserve C:niversity, Cleveland.The librnry school of the univer-sity was established as a department in 1903 and was opened in September,1904. Its foundation was rendered possible by a generous gift from Mr.Andrew Carnegie to form an endowment fund. The course is one year inlength and embraces all elementary problems in library economy and bibliog-raphy common to libraries of various types. While, as is eminently proper Ina school so established and endowed, special attention is given to 'training forwork in our rapidly del'elciping system of public libraries, the interests of col-lege, endowed, and other libraries are not neglected.

A certificate Is given on the satisfactory completion of the year's work.The purpose of the'course is (a) to present systematically and compara-

tively present-day practical methods of conducting libraries and (4 to famil-iarize the student with the resources in books and other material availablefor tate in libraries.Charlcs F. Thylng, president.

OREGON.

Albany College, Albany.Preparation of bibliographies required In historywork.--P. O. Pronklin, librarian.

Oregon Agricultural College, Corvallis.Offers n 1-credit course which allfreshmen take. They are Instructed in the use of the library; that Is, how touse the various kinds of reference books, the general and ;peelsi catalogues,and indexes. They are also taught the classification of the library. Thecourse consists of one lecture a week, with a practical problem requiring anhour and a half's laboratory work./da A. Kidder, librarian, .

00001*-14----8

rl

18 LIBRARY INSTRUCTION.

University of Oregon, Eugene.No extended Courses are offered. At presentthe following methods are used: First, two talks are given to all members ofthe freshman class on the use of the library. These talks are given to various

.divisions of the freshman required English. Second, two lectures are given tothe class in secondary qducation on the subject of the administration of high-school libraries. Third, a course of two weeks in the adininistration of high-school libraries will be offered at the summer session of the university thisyear.Al. IIDouglass, librarian.

PENNSYLVANIA.

The aropaie College for Hebrew and Cognate Learning, Philadelphia.Instruction in bibliography, the art of consulting hdoks and of citing them is partof the post-graduate work. It is the intention of this institution to have a regu-lar course in'bibliography relating to the particular subject of its work laterOILCyrus Adler, president.

Juniata C6Ilege, Huntingdon. Offers no courses in book arts or library_economy, bat regularly a few students, as library assistants, receive prifttlealtraining in book listing, cataloguing, etc., mostly in preparatiob for a regularlibrary course. I. Harvey Brumbaugh, president.

Pomsylbania State College, State College.Two courses in bibliography areoffered at the regular session of the college. They are required in specifiedcourses, but are open, tattler certain conditions.-to all undergraduates. Theyare as follows:

(1) General referenceThe aim of this course Is to train students in theproper use of the library and to familiarize them with the principal reference'books. It comprises lectures ou classification and the location of books, thecatalogue, indexes, dictionaries, encyclopedias, handbooks of Information, his-tory, quotations, etc. The various aids in the use of Government documents areconsidered. The student is given test problems and reference lists to workout, thus rendering the study practical. Lecture, 1 hour, first semester;credit, 1.

(2) Books and bookmakingThis course embraces a brief history of writ-ing, of the early forms of books, of the invention and spread of printing, ofilluatration, and of the art and practice of binding. The principles of hookaeiectiqn, and the valuation of books are considered. Attention is also directedto the various trade and national bibliographies, of library. catalogues, and to'Pedal subjeCt bibliographies. Preparation required: Bibliography, 1. Lec-ture, 1 hour, second semester; credit, 1.

A ceCrse in library instruction for teachers is given at the summer sessionof the institution under the auspices of the Free Library Commission. It in-eludes the use of a library, reference bZoks, children's reading, and.book buying;intended for teachers to enable them to use and select libraries to better advan-tage. Recitation, live hours; college credit, 2.-2. a Weber, dean of the schoolof liberal arts, etc.

SOUTH CAROLINA.

College of Charleston, Charleston.Has no separate courses in library econ-omy or library management. The advanced history courses begin with exer-Claes in working up bibliographies, but this is the only course the college hasIn which instruction In book arts, etc., is given.J, Morrison Randolph.

UNIVERSYITES ApID COLLEOES. 19

TENNESSEE.

Eine College. Bristol.--Offers a course In the comparative study of the mostscientific methods of classification, etc., and practical work In classificationnod cataloguing.

Knoxville College. Knoxville.Does *not offer any regular courses in libraryinstruction, but has four assistants from the students in its library who aregetting a practical knowledge of library methods. R. W. 11cGranahan, presi-dent.

TEXAS.

Baylor University, Waco.Does not give a regular course in library work.The sons and daughters of Baptist ministers, however, are given their tuitionfor two hours' work a day In the library, and in this woe acquire considerableknowledge of library science,Mrs. Edgar Witt, librarian.

The Unirersity of 7'e.ros, Austin.There is offered at this university a coursein bibliography which extends through the school year. The class meets onehour each week.This course is given by the librarian and is open to juniors and seniors; occa-

atonally n student from one of the lower classes is admitted. The catalogue isexplained together with the classification, and some practical training is givenht the construction of bibliographies. The bibliographic helps In the severaldivisions of literature. science, etc., are briefly treated, and the last term Isdevoted to a brief survey of the development of books; printing. and binding.J. E. Goodwin, librarian,

UTA H.

University of Utah, Nall Lake City,We hope to give a course of 10 lecturesnext year denting with the use of the library and certain referente books.The lectures will be given to the incoming freshmen class and to any otherstudents who may desire to attend. We have not yet worked out the course,but will probably follow Air. Oilbert 0. Ward's course for high whole.Rather Nelson, librarian.

.Utah Agricultural Colige, Logan.For the past nine years lustsuction In

library science and bibliography has been given. It Is required of freshmen inthe general science, agricultural, and home economic courses; one hourthroughout the year.The course consists, In the main, of instruction In the use of scientific andagricultural llteinture and of general reference books, such as encyclopedias,

dictionaries, atlases, ele.lopedias of special subjects, indexes to periodicals andgeneral literature, handbooks of inforfnation, and United States public docu-ments with their special catalogues and indexes. Talks are gitfen on the classi-fication and cataloguing of books In the library, their arrangement on theshelves, the use of the card catalogue, book buying, and bibliography.

List of reference books in the Utah Agricultural College Library Is used asa textbook. Two ,hours, one term; 2 credits.Elizabeth C. Smith, librarian.

VIRGINIA.

Hollins College, Hollins, Va.There Is no regular couPSe in library economy_Included in the college course of instruction, but all student assistants to thelibrarian are trained by the librarian In general library economyreference

20 LIBRARY INSTRUCTION.

works, cataloguing, classifying, use of the card catalogue, etc. This is done inorder to make the work of the student assistant more effective in the library.Any student in the college who desires it may receive from the librarian specialtraining for 'the entrance examinations into any library school.Marian S.Bayne, librarian.

Roanoke College. Salem.There are no courses in library management atRoanoke College, but the students receive instruction lu bibliography In con-nection with the work in .the varionx departments. They also get incidentalinformation about the use of the libriiry because they come in contact with thelibrary and the librarian of the college daily. The library is open every work-day in the session. J. A. MorAead, president.

Virginia College. Roanoke.Ilas no work at present in book arts, etc., buthopes to have a course in library science during the ensuing session.MatHe P.liarria, president.

WASHINGTON.

State College of Washington, Pullman. The department of library economyseeks to give such InatrucitIon and practice in all essential lines of libraryactivity as will enable a capable student to enter as an assistant in any largelibrary or as librarian of a small library.

In this curriculum librarianship is the central idea, and such lines of aca-demic scholarship are made preparatory and collateral to it as will give atonce a liberal education and the best undergraduate preparation for libraryservice. 411.,The library courses extend through the junior and senior years and consistof five recitations per week through the four semesters and six laboratory hoursper week througgathe last three semesters. The completion of this curriculumgives the degree of bachelor of arts and a certificate Indicating the amount ofInstruction in library economy.

Students taking the library curriculum must offer for entrance the require-ments for admission to any group of the college of liberal arts or the college of'science and must have completed the first two years of the curriculum beforebeing admitted to any course In library economy.

The curriculum for the freshman and sophomore years includes all the pre-scriptions for the bachelor of arts degree, within those years, so that if at theend of the sophomore year a student wishes to major In some other subjectthe change can be made without loss. Also by this arrangement a student whohas not elected the library economy curriculum until the beginning of the junioryear may make the election then if desirtia.

A student offering for entrance one or more years of high-school credit in a!yof the sciences offered in the freshman year will be expected_ to purwe oneof the other two sciences for the year.

No student will be admitted to the junior yenr'of this curriculum who hasnot completed the equivalent of at least 16 college credits In German and 8college credits in French. The curriculum is open only to students majoringin library economy.

University of 1Washington, Corvallis. Freshmen in the college of arts andsciences are required to take one hour a week the first semester in instructionin the use of the library and the use of books; one hour a week the secondsemester in the choice of studies and select big a vocation. One credit is givenfor the year's work.

4

IINIfERSMF.S AND COLLEGES.

The follpwIng 4a definite outline!.:

Curriculum in library economy leading to the A. B. degree.

[University catalogue, 1913-14 (Frank T. Barnard, registrar).)

FRE/4E111AR YEAR.

Oredits. it

21

English 1 4 1 English 2 4Elementary botany,physics

chemistry, pr ; Elementary botany,4 physics

chemistry. or4History 1 History 2

German or French 4 German or FrenchHygiene 1 HygienePhysical training 2 Physical training 2

161+2 1O1+2

sol'IlOMOItE YEAR.I.-,

Geology In 4 1 Zoology to 4History 7 IA N History $ .. . . 1German or French 4 German or I. rench 4Mathematics 1Physical training

42

History, English. or languagePhysical training I 2_

Iti-4 2 164 2

JUNIOR VE.11t.

History,story of education.' 1- 3 ; Elements of economics 2Philosophy I 4 English 20Elements of.econornics 3 I 3 ; ZoMogy 15 2Library economy 1.... ,ry . 1_,___ 5 Library economy 7

15I ;

. SENIOR YEAR.ss

Elements of sociology 3Philosophy In literatureEnglish 37, (Reek 13, or Latin IILibrary economy 3

-,

3 1.; 2

?7

Elements of sociology AI Philosophy In literature... .

English 37 or litstory 22 or 30i Library economy

3237

1513 I

WHAT VIRGINIA.

Marshall College, lluntington.A course in library economy is offered eachyear to a limlfed number of seniors. One period of practice work') day Is re-quired. Students who expect to become principals or have small libmilet tocare for are urged to take the work. In addition to the special work offered toseniors every student who uses the library Is expected to take sufficient instruc-Men library work tb be able to follow the requirements of those who use It.It covers the following:. (1) Classification and arrangement of books; (2) useof card catalogue; (3) use of periodical Indexes; (4) use of encyclopedias,atlases, handbook, dictionaries, etc.Elizabeth .11yers, librarian.

Weak University, Morgantown.Offers a course lu library sciencetwo hours a week extending throughout the year. The work of the first semesterhas for its purpose chiefly to acquaint students with the use of Indexes andreference books and to teach them how to make use of the university library.The work of the second semester is.for the benefit chiefly of graduates of the

22 LIBRARY INSTRUCTION.

university who may be called upon M do some teaching and to care for a high-school library or a small public library. Two hours' credit, each semester, isallowed for the work.L. D. Arnett, librarian.

. WISCONSIN.

Beloit College, Beloit.Instruction in the use of the library. bibliography,etc., is given as two of the regular college courses. Ito is divided as follows:

(1) General referenceThe purpose of this course is to guide the student toan intelligent use of a modern library and to the pursuit of the various sub-jects In the college curriculum with greater facility. It is also recommendedto those w6o contemplate graduate study or any form of research work. Thecourse comprises lectures on the classification and arrangement of books inlibrary, bibliography, library catalogues, public documents, and groups of refer-ence books. First semester, one hour; open to all classes. Given annually.

(2) Library methtelsA systematic sIllidy of the resources of a library asoutlined above in course 1, to which is added a comparative study of librarymethods in general, with especial attention to cataloguing, classification, andindexing. This course aims to qualify those expecting to teach to take chargeof school libraries. Since library methods are so widely in use in the businessworld, the course should be of value also to those planning this career. Lee-

' tures, seminars, and practice work in the library. First semester, two hours;open to sophomores, Juniors, and seniors. Given annually. Ira M. Butler, asso-ciate librarian.

Milton College, :Milton. The only instruction in library work given in Milton,College is special training given to student assistants in 10 own library. Ern-

, ploys one salaried librarian. The rest of the work is done by student assistants,who are paid a nominal fee per hour for their work. These receive personalinstruction in the most essential parts of library work and often become veryskillful; but no credit is given for this work.

Ripon College, Ripon.The college has a trainl and competent librarian,who employs two or three students each year as tufsistants in the library andgives them informal instruction. There is a probability that a formal courseof this sort will be offered in the near future, but as yet there is nothing to

'report. Frank U. Erickson, dean.University of Wisconsin, Madison.Maintains a school of library science.

Course includes the fundamental principles of biographical, technical, andadministrative library work .that are necessary to meet the demands of thelibrary world, developed along practical lines. Arranged as follows: (a) Asan independent library course of one year, by all who meet the entrance require-ments of the school. (b) As a joint course, by senior students In the collegeof letters and science who quality for entrance. Students who take the jointcourse may not begin the work of the library school until they have obtainedat least 90 credits in the college of letters and science and passed the entranceexaminations of the library school. Of the 20 credits of library-school workaccepted by the university, 4 may be counted toward an English major, if theauttildate chooses that subject. This joint course leads to the degree of bachelorof arts from the university and to the certificate of the library school.

In cooperation with the legislative reference department of the WisconsinFree Library Commission, the library school nlso offers a special course oftraining for legislative and municipal reference work and the various socio-logical phases of library service. This course covers a special summer session,beginning in August, and the two following university semesters.

NORMAL SCHOOLS. 23

WYOMING.

University of Wyoming, Laramie.The university has a course in 'thrallmethods, the library being used as a laboratory. A large part of the students'time is spent at actual work in the library. The course Is intended for thelibrarians of the State and their assistants, and for those who are preparingfor library work. -This short course is not intended to graduate expert libra-rians, but seeks to introduce some of the most modern methods of library work.The course of instruction' is regulated somewhat by the demands andcations of the students registering in this department. The following subject,.are treated: Library handwriting; selecting and buying books, accessioning;shelf I I at( n'g ; .cla sal fication; cataloguing; reference books ; periodicals ; rendinglists; bookbinding; library furfilture; bookplates; library labels; travelinglibraries; art in the library; collecting and cataloguing State and local history.

A knowledge of the use of the typewriter is an advantage, but not a necessity.The Dewey decimal classification is used. The textbooks are Dana's LibraiyPrimer and Dewey's Abridged ClasAlfication.Grace R. Ilcbard, librarian.

II. NORMAL SC1100Ift.ALABAMA.

State Normal School, TroirGftea in Connection with Fffiglish courses a coursein library methods for rural teachers. The course consists of lectures, catalogu-ing, use of books, knowledge of content, grading of. books, .and methods forcreating and sustaining library interest in rural communities.Sarah E. Luther,department of English.

The 'rnskeyee Normal and Industrial Institute for the Training of ColoredYoung Alen and Women, Tuskegec Institute. Gives Instruction in libiary work.During the regular term n class made up of students takes instruction in librarymanagement while the two upper classes have instruction in handling the cardcatalogue, the card references, etc.

During the summer-school period a regOlar course is offered' in catalogutngand library management.-7tooker T. Washington, principal.

CALIPOR20A.

State Normal School, San Diego.Offers a 'library course dealing largelywith the use of bibilographlearreference Books, methods of research in libra-ries, with some study of the great libraries of the world and their development.The course is intended to be of prailical use to teachers, not so much inhandling the small libraries usually found in achools, although this is anIncidental aim, b ,t more particularly to enable them to secure informationquickly and Acurately for themselves in the city and town libraries whichare so abundant In California. W. F. Bliss, dean.

State Normal School; Los Angeles.--Olbes instruction in library methods.This course Is intended as an elementary introduction to the use of books andthe library, also to the organization and management of school libiltries. It .consists as follows:

Part I. Use of the library.Tbe book, its structure and care; classificationand arrangement of books; use of the card catalogue; use of reference books;periodicals and periodical indexes.

Part II. Library management Book selection and buying; preparation utbooks for the shelves; library records. accession book, shelf list; children'sreading and books; charging systems.

24 LIBRARY INSTRUCTION.

Thre periods or more a week, for a term of 12 weeks, is assigned eachpupil. One period each week is given to lecture work and the other, periodsare devoted to practice work in the library under close supervision, whereprinciples outlined in the lecture are demonstrated.

The first part of the course Is the practical use of the library, arranged tomeet the requirements of the average normal-school student.

The second part is intended to qualify the student to organize and administerIntelligently a school library.

Each student is required to select, accession, classify, shelf list, and cataloguea small collection books before the term closes. An extensive bibliographyis also required. ass is. in a measure, review work covering the entire term'swork, as it requires considerable research and involves the use of much of thematerial studied and discussed.

COLORADO.

Normal School, Colorado Springs.A class of about six to eight students Isgiven instruction in general library management. J. V. Itrcittrieser, professorof. p;tychology and cpwation.

State Normal School, Gunnison. A course fu library economy and children'sreading is given in this school. The course is founded on the needs of theteacher and is technical only so far as is necessary in making of our youngmet!' and women intelligent users of libraries. The teacher's need lies in in-struction concerning juvenile literature and our particular effort is to supplythat need.June Linn, librarian.

State Teachers' College of Colorado, Greeley. In the department of librarywork the purpose of the \course is to give teachers and those who intend toteach an idea of the organization and management of n library in a generalway: also instruction in reference work. which is supplemented by lectures onchildren's reading, story-telling, school libraries. traveling libraries, etc. Per-sons taking this course will have an opportunity to take bookbinding in, themanual - Training department, if they so wish. The courses in bookbinding areas follows: (1) Senior-college elementary bookbinding, five hours; fall term.(2) Junior or senior college intermediate bookbinding, five hours; winter andspring terms. (3) Junior or senior college advanced bookbinding, five hours;spring term.

CONNECTICUT.

State Normal-Training School, Willimantic.Gives a very brief course- Inlibrary economy as a part of the preparation of teachers for the commonschools. It does not attempt to prepare librarians. The followidg is a briefsummary of the subjects included in this course: Classification: makeup anduse of a card cataldgue: general use of reference hooks. Henry T. Burr, prin-

State Normal Training School, Danbury.--The suthmer session of this schoolhas a two weeks' course in library economy, given by the State public librarycommittee. In addition to the instruction outlined there are numerous lecturesby recognized authorities in this part of the country.

The attendance at this class has been from 15 to 25 in various 1itimmers.J. Perkisa. principal.

Lewiston State Normal School, Lesolatott.For the past three years thisschool has offered a definite course In the cataloguing and nor of school libra-ries. This course occupies a place on the regular curriculum tinder the title

.NORMAL SCHOOLS. 25of library science, and is a half-year course required of all students for gradu-ation. The course may be taken by students in their junior or senior year. butIt' is listed as a regular junior-year subject. The course itself is a course intheory, with one hour a day in actual library practice required of all stu-dents. George H. Black, principal.

State Norma/ School, Albion. - -Gives a six-weeks' course in library economy,consisting of instruction in the management of libraries. the cataloguing ofbooks, and general library science, supplemented by actual rk in the libraryof the school, which contains some 3,000 volumes arranged 'cording to theDewey decimal system.G. A. _Caine, president.

miasma.

Illinois State Normal School. :Voratal.Ten lessons in library ganizationare given to all entering students to enable them to use the library ffectively.All members of the senior class Who desire it are given a course of equallength on the organization of school libraries, modes of purchasing material,managing the library, etc.David Felniley, president.

F4stern Illinois State Normal School, Charleston.All students are requiredto take lessons in the use of the library.Mary J. Booth, librarian.

Iccstcrn Illinois State Normal School, Macomb.Instruction .given in theorganization, care, and use of. libraries with problems based on the WesternIllinois State Normal School library and suggestions for the adaptation ofmethods to schoolroom libraries.

The special certificate in library economy Is based upon 33 hours a week forone school year of practical work in the library. A standing of not less thanB in the prescribed course in library economy is a prerequisite to this course.

The candidate for this certificate shall do work which is outlined as follows:(a) He shall have charge of some particular department of library work

e. g., circulation, receiving of periodicals, bindingand be responsible for theOuse of work assigned.

(b) lie shall practice in all phases of the routine of library workselectingof books, ordering, receiving, classifying, accessioning, cataloguing, includingboth classed and dictionary catalogues.

(c) Ile shall practice in reference work through assigned problemsinvolving use of eneral and special reference books, through finding materialfor practice teachers and other students in the school, through assisting in find-ing material for debates and other work of the literary societies of the school.

(d) He shall have charge of and be responsible for the order in the readingroom and for the general reference work during at least one busy stud, periodeach day.W. P. Morgan, president.

Teachers College of hhanapolisindionapolia.The curriculum of this col-.

lege includes a short series of lectures on library science. All graduates arerequired to atten,c1 these lectures.Eliza A. Maker, principal.

IOWA.

Iowa State Teachers' College, Cedar 142113.The mark in library methods isgiven In the wipter term only, and is open to all students. It consists of p lee-Vire periods and about 70 periods of practice work and reading. The objectof pre course is not to make trained librarians but to give such training tothose taking We work as will enable them to use the, library Intelligently, tomake wise selection of books for school libraries, and to care for such librarle

4 when collected,

26 LIBRARY INSTRUCTION.

Considerable time Is devoted to the study of the more important referencebooks; the school library and its possibilities are considered, and enough timeis devoted to the study of classification and cataloguing as will make the car.of a school library easy and businesslike.

The class is expected to become familiar with thebest of children's literaturein good editions, and much time is spent in reading such books.

KANSAS.

Kansas State No Izetal School, Emporia. Offers work in library science. Thecourses are open to accredited high-school graduates, and may be completed inone year (SeptemberJune) if the student so chooses. Courses arranged asfollows: (1) Library methods; 1 hour's credit; summer term and each semester.(2) Reference ; 3 hours credit ; first semester. (3) Bibliography; 3 hours'credit; second semester. (4) Public documents; 2 hours' credit ; first semester.(5) Children's literature; 3 houri credit; summer term and first semester.(A) Story-telling; 3 hours' credit ; summerlerm and second semester. (7) Book-making; 2 hours' credit ; second semester. (8) Library history ; 2 hours' credit ;.first semester. (0) Library economy ; 2 hours' credit ; first semester. (10)Classification of books; 3 hours' credit ; first semester. (11) Cataloguing;4 hours' credit; second semester. (12) Organization and administration; 2hours' credit ; second semester.

Western State Normal School, Hoys.There are few textbooks on librarysubjects, and instruction is given in the form of lectures and assigned readings,followed by practice work under supervision, with discussion of both theoryand practice. individual research is encouraged. Examinations take the formof problems wherever practicable.

Students who wish to select courses with reference to taking a librarycourse later are advised to consider the following: Modern language, psy-chology. history, English literature, economics. sociology, science, education,and art. Typewriting is required:

Course 1, elementary reference.Lectures. with practical work following,to make new students feel at home In the library and able to use It to advantage.'Course 1', library methods.Two hours. Methods of library instruction

fitted to pupils in high school and grades; selection of books for school libra-ries; public school and public library Interrelations; school library law.

Course 2, library economy.Two hours., Instruction follows regular libraryroutineorder, accession, shelf listing, mechanical preptiration for the shelves,

. binding.Course 2', reference.Two hours. Promotes familiarity with well-known

reference works, with the use of indexes to periodicals and general literature,with general and special cyclopedias, dictionaries, annuals, and ready-referencemanuals. Lists of questions to be answered by use of the works studied aregiven and methods of finding answers discussed.

KENTUCKY.

State Normal School (western district), Bowling Green.A course in libraryeconomy has been offered in the summer term for the past three years. Thisecturee offers six weeks of systematic instruction In library science. It is not.however, a substitute for the extensive courses offered In library schools.

The following subjects are treated: (1) Relation between the library and theschools; (2) classification and arrangement of books; (8) book selection andbook buying; (4) mechanism of books; fli) study of reference books; (6) In-

NORMAL SCHOOLS. 27vestlgating a subject In a library; (7) catalogues. Indexes, and book reviews;(8) history of libraries and history of-books; ((1) children's books; (10) bibliog-raphy of special subjects.

The faculty recently decided to offer the same course in the midwinter termas well as the summer term. H. II. Cherry, president.

LOUISIANA.

New Orleans Normal School. New Orleans.A few lessons given incidentalto the reading course to Instruct the students in the prevailing systems in useIn libraries, with a view to facilitating their use of reference books,Margaret C. Hanson, principal.

MAINE. \Aroostook State Normal School, Presque isle. Gives a brief course of in-

struction in library methods. The course includes discussions on the arrange-ment of books in libraries, drills in cataloging and in finding books quicklyfrom the shelves, use of card catalogue, study of Indexes (Poole's andEclectic), and of the different dictionaries, magazines, etc. Each student takeshis term in assisting the librarian with the regular work connected with thelibrary. Aim Is to give the students a broader knowledge of books whichchildren should rend, and of poems, pictures, and the like to help them in theirteaching work. A special feature Is made of story telling.Ida U. Folsom,librarian.

Colby College, WaterellIc.Offers a three-hours -a-week course In libraryscience. Lectures supplemented by practice work in the library. The aim of

is not so much to prepare students for librarianship as to give themsuch a knowledge of library science as will be of practical value in teaching,professional study, or business.--.1. J. Robertson.

Eastern State Normal School, Castinc.There is a course of 12 lessons on theuse of books and the selection of children's books. The following subjects aretaken up : Methods employed by the modern library in arrangement, classilicia-don, cataloguing, etc.; method of research in a library; care and use of books;scope and method of using typical reference books; use of periodical Indexes;selection, purchase, and management of school libraries. Practice work is doneIn the school library. Albert F. Richardson, principal.

MARYLAND.

Teachers' Training School, Baltimore.Instruction Is given in each of ourcourses to assist students In making use of our library. For next year (1914)the head of the English department, who has had some training In library workat Cornell, will organize a course with a syllabus which will include a numberof lessons covering the organization of our own training-school library and alsothat of the Pratt, Peabody, and Johns Hopkins libraries..Frdnk d.principal.

MASSACHUSETTS.

Boston Normal School, Boston.A fewlectures given on the arrangement ofthe library and the ways in which It can be used by the regular schoolteacher.W. C.' Boyde:., head master.

Massn-,isusetts Normal Art School, Boston.Elerpentar7 instruction In oda-logring and using books, reference work. etc., given In connection with certaincxrarses in the school J. F. Hopkins, director.

28 LrBRABY INSTRUCTION.

State Normal School, Bridgewator.Each department has its library, and thestudent), are instructed in the use of a library, in card cataloging. In the or-ganization of a library according to the decimal system, in making and usingbibliographies, in pamphlet binding, in bookbinding and book mending (this inthe manual-training department). The students do the work In the library inplace of a regular librarian, under guidance of heads of 114epartments.ArthtirC. Boyden, principal.

Vic Normal School, Ilyannis.Does not offer any regular course of studyin library economy, but the librarian gives a lecture to all the students at thebeginning of each year. During 10 weeks of the senior year each sttulent is incharge of a certain number of ,ibrary shelves, and the students are responsiblefor the good condition of books in their care. The same requirements are madefor 10 weeks during the junior year. A special lecture ou work with smalllibraries, book lists, etc., is given to the seniors just before graduation. Inaddition to this work, which Is in charge of the librarian, there is conbiderablework given In connection with the work In Et* lish and biology.Martha N.Soule, librarian.

State Normal School, SalemLibrary economy taught. Course covers halfthe school year, with one class period and one written paper per week. The aimIs (1) to bring the student Into close touch with the school library, that he mayunderstand its resources and avail himself of them to,the utmost : (2) to extendthis knowledge and practice to his own public or town library:. and (3) to inducea feeling of appreciation and respect for booka.and libraries per se.

State Normal School, North Adams.No courses In bibliography and libraryeconomy, but instruction is given in the us( of the library of the institution.

County Normal School, Charleroix.No regular course with credits, etc., isoffered to students relating to library methods. However, Instruction is givenby the principal, supplemented by talks from the librarian of the CarnegieLibrary on selection, ordeling, cataloguing, and the general care of books,whether textbooks, reference, or books in general, for ,be school library. Aboutsix 20-minute periods would cover the time given to this work.Jesste M.Hisses, principal.

County Normal School, Kalkaska.Offers a course of six lectures on themanagement of a small library.Edith Keen, principal.

Michigan State Normal College, Ypsilanti.Instructions In library work givento groups of students numbering from 10 to 50. Lessons extremely practical.Usually four or five students become understudies ih the Several library depart-ments, working two or three hours a day for a small consideration, and lookingforward eventually toward library work as a profession. The main object hasbeen to prepare students to be able to take care of small public-school,libraries. Ci. M. Walton, librarian. .

Western State Normal Sphool, Kalamazoo.-:One hour a week instruction inthe general principles of library work' In the classes in which the tendersrecognize the value of such training, making 10 lessons a term in perhaps threeclasses. In the summer school the State Board of Library Commissioners pro-vides, at Its own expense, two courses In library methods for teachers, onegeneral and one technical. Lectures are also given on children's rending by aspecialist in that work sent by the State board.Rather Bradley, librarian. is

NORMAL SCHOOLS.

MINNESOTA.

29

State Normal School, Duluth.The librarian gives 12 to 15 hours each yearto all of the students of the school. It is her purpose to have theni becomefamiliar with the simpler problems of library management. No attempt madeto do work which could he regarded a training for librarlans.-:-E. W.Bohannon, president.

State Normal School, Modrhead.Offers instruction in library economy, in-cluding management of libraries. Course in library science planned in refer-ence to two objective points: (1) The value of such work to the normal schoolstudent us an individual and as a teacher; (2) the value of such work to thechildren she is to teach.Frank A. Weld, president.

State Normal School, Mankato.Does not furnish iustruction in book arts,etc., beyond the direct teaching of the students to use the library, books ofreference, indexes, and the system of classification. Does not attempt to trainlibrarians.C. II. Cooper, president. '

MISSOURI.

First District Normal School, Kir* llc.The school has given one-yearcourses and two-year courses in library economy for the past seven years.Large numbers of students Lave graduated from this normal school with twoyears of library economy to their credit. Several such graduates hold posi-tions as librarians. At this time nobody gets a diploma or a certificate fromthis institution without at least a short course in library economy.aohn R.Kirk, president.

Missouri State Normal School, Cape Girardeau. Instruction is offered In bookarts, bibliography, library economy, and in the management of libraries. Theinstruction Is given chiefly in connection with the manual-arts department, thetraining school, and the library. In the manual-arts department some work isunfiertakeu lu bookbinding and repairing. In the library a few students aregiven cn opportunity to work three hours a day under the direction and tutelage .of the librarian, in die course of which work they gain a good knowledge oflibrary management. In connection with the management of tne training-schoollibmry similar opportunity for gaining a practical knowledge of cataloguing,accessioning, an'd the handling of books according to approved library methodsis imparted. Lectures on the subject of library management and libraryeconomy are offered by the librarian.W. S. Dearmont, president.

The Northwest Missouri Normal School, Maryville. This institution givesan elective course In library work and uses as Vats " The practical use of booksand libraries," by Gilbert 0. Ward; "Teaching outline to accompany.the prac-tical use of books and libraries," by Ward; and "Course of study for normal-school pupils In the use of a library,: by Marjory L. Gilson. Lectures on librarywork are also delivered before the entire student body.C. Edwin Wells. libra-rian.

State Normal School (fourth district). Springfield. Under the heading of"Library science" the school offers four courses:

(I) Use of the library. Nine practical talks before the entire school. dls-cussivg the resources of our library and how to get at them; the care df books;our magazines and the use of the guides thereto, etc.

(III Library problems for the public-school teacher. To prepare teachers,especially of grade and rurrl schools. for the selection, use, and care of schoollibraries. Very little technical work in this course. Lectures and practice, twoperiods daily, one term.