unpeeling the onion ricento hornberger

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U  n  p ee li n g  t he O n i o n : L a n g u a g e  P  l a nn i n g  a n d  P  o li c y a n d  t he  E LT P  r  o f  e ss i o n a l THOMAS K. R ICENTO U ni v e r s i t  y  of  T ex a s  a t  S a n Ant o ni o NANCY H. HOR NBER GER U ni v e r s i t  y  of   P e nns  y l v a ni a The f ield of  language pl anning and poli cy (LPP) provides a rich array of  research opportunities for applie d linguists and social scientists. However, as a multidi sciplinary f ield that seeks to understand, among other things, why some languages thrive whereas others are marginalized, LPP may appear quite theoretical and f ar removed f rom the lives of many English language teaching (ELT) practitioners. This is unfortu- nate, because ELT prof essionalsbe they teachers, program develop- ers, materials and textbook  writers, admi nistrators, consultants, or academicsare involved in one way or another in the process es of  LPP. The purpose of  this article is to unravel those processes and the role of ELT prof essionals in them for both theoretical and practical reasons: theoretical, because we believe there are principled ways to acco unt for why particular events aff ect the status and vibrancy of  languages and speech communities, and practical, because we believe there are ways to inf luence the outcome of  social processes. In general, we f ind that the principle of  linguistic sel f-determi nism-the right to choose (within limits) what languages one will  use and be educated inis not only viable but desirable for LPP decision mak ing because it both promotes social equity and fosters diversity. In this article, we examine how ELT prof essionals are already actively engaged in decidi ng language poli- cies, how they promote poli cies reaff irmi ng or opposing hierarchies of power that ref lect entrenched historical and institutional beli ef s (see Phillipson & Sk utnabb-Kangas, this issue), and how they mi ght aff ect changes in their local contexts. T he f ield of  language planning and policy (LPP) has witnessed signif icant growth over the past 25 years. Scholars f rom a variety of disciplines, including linguistics, education, political science, history, poli cy studies, law, demography, and sociology, have continually broadened

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