update on ul and international safety standards
TRANSCRIPT
© 2017 UL, LLC
Update on UL and
International Safety
Standards
October 4th, 2017
Background
2011
2012
2014-2015
2016
2017
Flammable Refrigerant Forum
Additional EPA SNAP rules
High GWP HFC phase-out (retail ref)
CA SLCP law
EPA SNAP Hydrocarbons rule
HCFC-22 phased-out
Year% Reduction
Consumption and Production
Implementation of HCFC Phase-OutPer Clean Air Act
2010 75%No production of importing of HCFC 142b and HCFC 22, except for use in equipment manufactured before 2010
2015 99%No production of importing of any HCFC’s, except for use in equipment manufactured before 2020
2020 99.5%No production or importing of HCFC 142band HCFC 22
2030 100% No production or importing any HCFC’s
U.S. Scheduled Phase-Out of HCFC’s
UL Standards JTG
Mo
ntr
ea
l P
roto
co
l
2020
2021
HFC-134A phased-out (hshd r/f)
UL Flammable Refrigerants JTG
In February 2011, UL facilitated the initial JTG meeting in Las Vegas, NV. Near the end of this meeting, the JTG established three (3) working groups (WG’s).
1
WG 1 was asked to develop requirements for flammable refrigerants
applicable to air conditioning equipment.
2WG 2 was asked to
develop similar requirements for
refrigeration equipment.
3
WG 3 to address requirements for the testing
and evaluation of flammable refrigerants(including the new A2L types) and take into consideration the
recommended requirements of the equipment WG’s.
Each WG subsequently met a number of times throughout 2011 via teleconference as well as face-to-face. The full JTG met a second time in January 2012 at UL’s Northbrook, IL office.
UL Air-Conditioning Standards
UL 60335-2-40 –Household and Similar Electrical Appliances
UL 474 –Dehumidifiers
UL 484 – RoomAir Conditioners
Published 3x LFL limit No flammable requirements planned (being superseded by UL 60335-2-40)
Part 2: Particular Requirements for Heating and Cooling Equipment Edition 1; current deviation to not allow flammable refrigerants
• 2nd edition has requirements for flammable refrigerants
• Proposed 3rd edition will have enhanced requirements for A2L flammable refrigerants
UL JTG Flammable
Refrigerants WG2
UL Refrigeration
Standards• UL 250 – Household Refrigerators and Freezers; published 57 gram limit
• UL 471 – Commercial Refrigerators and Freezers; published 150 gram limit
• UL 60335-2-24 – Household and Similar Electrical Appliances, Part 2: Particular Requirements for Refrigerating Appliances, Ice-Cream Appliances and Ice-Makers; published 150 gram limit
• UL 399 – Drinking Water Coolers; published 60 gram limit
• UL 541 – Refrigerated Vending Machines; published 150 gram limit
• UL 563 – Ice Makers; published 150 gram limit
• UL 621 – Ice Cream Makers; Waiting on proposal from UL JTG
UL JTG Flammable Refrigerants WG3
Working Group #3 (Refrigerants):
• Discussing recommended updates to UL 2182, “Safety Standard for Refrigerants” including:
• Eliminating 100°C flammability testing to harmonize with ASHRAE 34 and pending ISO 817 revision
• Incorporating optional burning velocity testing to differentiate Class 2L from Class 2 refrigerants
• Retaining Auto Ignition Temperature test to support hot surface requirements in end-use standards
• Considering hydrocarbon purity requirements (but not odorization/stenching which would require new technology)
• Not incorporating Minimum Ignition Energy (MIE) testing pending input from the other two WG’s
• Discussing test apparatus for burning velocity of Class 2L refrigerants
• Expecting to finish work around same time as WG#1 & #2 after risk assessments to ensure consistency
Transition to New Standards
7
UL 1995UL 60335-2-40
UL 471 UL 60335-2-24
UL 484UL 474
UL 250 UL 60335-2-89
Reduce Risk
8
Pro
babili
ty o
f H
arm
(P)
Severity of Harm (S)
Unacceptable Risk
Tolerable Risk
Standards Development Process
Proposal Received (Public,
Industry, etc)
Review by STP
Public Review, Balloting
Respond to Comments or Revise
Consensus Achieved
Publish Revision
9
Key benefits of this process
• Anyone can propose a change
• Standards Technical Panel (STP) is made up of different parts of industry
• STP has an opportunity to revise and clarify during the process
• Feedback is solicited from users and public (30 days minimum)
• Consensus ballot process:
- Majority have submitted ballot
- 2/3 have approved
• Appeal process
Key Proposed Requirements for
UL 60335-2-40 the Safety Standard for
Air Conditioning Equipment
Refrigerant
Detection
System
Refrigerant
Connections
Source Of
Ignition
Hot
Surfaces
Increased
Charge
Limits
AHRTI 9007 - Objective
• Conduct A2L refrigerant leak and
ignition testing under whole-room
conditions
• Investigate control limits and safety
factors that are proposed by draft
versions of IEC 60335-2-40, IEC
60335-2-89
• Determine main effects that impact
the severity of 2L refrigerant
thermal events
• Document the refrigerant
concentration profiles versus
previous CFD models
• Document any thermal events for
future deflagration modeling
• Investigate other factors that may
drive variability or that have been
overlooked by safety standards
AHRTI 9009, Leak Detection of A2L
Refrigerants in HVACR Equipment.
The objective of this project is to conduct
a thorough review of sensor technologies
that can be used to detect A2L
refrigerants and can easily be integrated
into our equipment.
AHRTI-9009: Refrigerant Leak Detector Long-
Term Reliability Assessment
AHRTI-9008: Investigation of Hot Surface Ignition Temperatures for A2L Refrigerants
The objective of this project is to
establish a standard Hot Surface
Ignition Temperature (HSIT) test
method, and conduct the HSIT testing
for various A2L refrigerants at various
ambient conditions.
Flammable Refrigerants Post-Ignition Simulation and Risk Assessment Update
• Determine severity of ignition events using computer modeling
• Real world testing will provide calibration of model
• Results will refine what charge amounts should be considered for a wide variety of applications.
ASHRAE 1806
25799
ASHRAE 1808
Servicing and Installing Equipment using Flammable Refrigerants:
Assessment of Field-made Mechanical Joints
• Determine leak rates through mechanical joints
• Various types mechanical joints to tested
• Different materials and sizes are to be tested
• Define what should be allowed in the standard.
NFPA – Evaluation of the Fire Hazard of ASHRAE
Class A3 Refrigerants
• Evaluate the hazard of refrigeration
appliances used in a commercial retail and
kitchen settings.
• Determine leak locations and rates
• Establish severity of ignition events
Revisions to Support 2L, 2 & 3 Refrigerants
Refrigerant
Standards/Regulations
Safety Standards
Building & Other Codes Local Codes
ISO-817 Designation and Safety Classification
ASHRAE 15Safety for Commercial Refrigeration Systems
UL 621Ice Cream Makers
UL 471Commercial Refrigerators & Freezers
UL60335-2-40 3rd
Heating and Cooling Equipment
ISO-5149Safety & Environmental Requirements
IEC 60335-2-40 Electrical heat pumps, Air-conditioners and Dehumidifiers
IEC 60335-2-24Refrigerating Appliances, Ice-Cream and Ice Makers
IEC 60335-2-89Commercial Refrigerating Appliances
IMC/UMC - International Mechanical Code
NFPA 1 - Fire Code
Country Specific Building and Fire Codes
State, County & City Building Codes
Local Building Codes?
INTERNATIONAL
on-going 2016-2017 2018-2021 2018-2028
Complete Under Revision No Activity
DOT TransportationStandards
GHS TransportationStandards
EN - 378Refrigerating Systems and Heat Pumps
Insurance Company Rules
Insurance Company Rules
Pressure Vessel Standard(PED, JIS, etc.)
Equipment Application
ASME Section VIIIPressure Vessels
ASHRAE 15.2Safety for Residential Refrigeration Systems
IRC - International Residential Code
IBC / IEBC - International Building Codes
IFC - International Fire Code
NFPA 101 - Safety Code
Country Regulations(i.e. Switzerland, Australia)
Montreal Protocol/Kigali(GWP)(Developed/Developing)
B52 (Canada)Safety for Commercial Refrigeration
NFPA 70, 90A, 90BHVAC Applications Codes
U.S. SPECIFIC
F-Gas Regulations(GWP Phasedown)
Montreal Protocol/Kigali(GWP Phasedown)(Developed)
SNAPSignificant New Alternatives Policy Program
State Regulations(i.e. California ARB Proposition 32)
ASHRAE 34 Designation and Safety Classification of Refrigerants
d
Global Refrigerant Standards and Codes
on-going 2014-2018 2018-2021 2019-2025
IEC 60335-2-24 – Particular requirements for refrigerating appliances, ice-cream appliances, and ice-makers
IEC 60335-2-34 – Particular Requirements for Motor-Compressors
IEC 60335-2-40 – Particular requirements for electrical heat pumps, air conditioners, and dehumidifiers
IEC 60335-2-89 – Particular requirements for commercial refrigerating appliances with an incorporated or remote refrigerant unit or compressor
ISO 817 – Refrigerants -- Designation and safety classification
ISO 5149 – Refrigerating systems and heat pumps --Safety and environmental requirements -- Part 1: Definitions, classification and selection criteria
ISO 14903 – Refrigerating systems and heat pumps -Qualification of tightness of components and joints
International Standards
• Flammable refrigerants allowed up to 130*LFL
• mc< m1 limited restrictions
• m1 <mc< m2 room size limited or ventilation
• m2 <mc< m3 ventilation required
• IEC SC 61D WG 9 is currently working on requirements for A2L
• IEC SC 61D WG 16 is working to possibly increased change limits of A2 and A3
IEC 60335-2-40 Particular requirements for electrical heat pumps, air conditioners, and dehumidifiers
• Flammable refrigerants allowed
• 150g per circuit
• IEC SC 61C WG4 will continue the discussion on new requirements for increased charge limits for A2 and A3 refrigerants used in IEC 60335-2-89.
IEC 60335-2-89 Particular requirements for commercial refrigerating appliances with an incorporated or remote refrigerant unit or compressor.
