updatingof the finnish drainagebasinsystem and...

Updating of the FinnishDrainage Basin System and Register –Case VALUEJuha Oksanen1, Matti Joukola2, Riitta Teiniranta2,Jaakko Suikkanen2, Tapani Sarjakoski11Department of Geoinformatics and Cartography, Finnish Geodetic Institute (FGI)2Geoinformatics Unit, Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE)

The INSPIRE Conference 2012, Saturday 23rd – Wednesday 27th June 2012, Istanbul, Turkey

Finnish Partnership for Research on

Natural Resources and the Environment

Contents

• Terminology

• Current Data

• VALUE Facts, Input Data and Products

• Data quality in VALUE• Requirements for reporting positional accuracy from the INSPIRE Data Specification

• Uncertainty-aware drainage basin delineation

• Future challenges

• Acknowledgements

The INSPIRE Conference 2012, Istanbul, Turkey 2

Terminology

The INSPIRE Conference 2012, Istanbul, Turkey 3Source: D2.8.I.8 INSPIRE Data Specification on Hydrography – Guidelines (INSPIRE_DataSpecification_HY_v3.0.1.pdf)

Drainage Divide

Synonyms:

Drainage Basin

Catchment

Catchment Area

Drainage Area

(River Basin)

Watershed (US)

Synonyms:

Drainage Divide

Catchment Boundary

Watershed (UK)

Outlet / Pour Point

The Current Data

• Manual delineation and digitization from1:50’000 paper maps (1993)

• Problems in the current system:1) only 9 sub-basins at each level oflabel hierarchy � limits the number ofcatchments areas in each level of hierarchy2) the catchments areas are too large foreffective operational use3) inaccuracy and gross errors4) inconsistency with the current DEMs5) requirements of the INSPIRE Data Specification on Hydrography, e.g. the INSPIRE data model, harmonization in transboundary areas (FI-SE, FI-NO), ‘hydroId’ attribute

• Need for updating the Finnish drainage basin system � VALUE I & II Projects


VALUE - Facts

• OBJECTIVE• To create the new system for catchment areas management taking into account the user requirements and INSPIRE specifications

• PHASE I (2009–2010)• To create the principles for constructing the new drainage basin system• To develop the methods for data production

• PHASE II (2011–2013)• To design and to develop tools for delineating catchment areas for the user specified outlet and for calculation of land cover characteristics

• To create the new drainage basin register

• FINANCIER• Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Ministry of Environment, SYKE

• PROJECT GROUP• Riitta Teiniranta, Matti Joukola, Jaakko Suikkanen, Mika Heikkinen SYKE• Juha Oksanen, Friederike Schwarzbach, David Eränen FGI• Regional Environment Centers (pilot areas)


VALUE Input Data

• Hydrographic data (National Land Survey of Finland, NLS + SYKE)• River network (including centerlines inlakes) with a minimum catchment areaof 10 km2

• Lakes polygons (1:10 000)• Outlets for rivers and lakes

• DEMs• National Digital Elevation Model DEM10, 10 m grid, NLS • ASTER GDEM, Global, 30 m grid

• The Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI), Japan & National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), USA, Terra satellite, ASTER sensor, since1999

• Reference data (for DEM error model construction)• National LIDAR point clouds, NLS


VALUE Products

• THE NEW DRAINAGE BASIN SYSTEM• The register containing catchments for every branch of river network (min. catchment area of 10 km2,

over 25 000 rivers) and every lake with an area over 50 ha (about 4 600 lakes)• Currently 5 500 catchments, the new system 20 000 – 30 000 catchments

• Non-hierarchical coding supported by database and tools that enables efficient use of system• Uncertainty-aware catchment delineations from geomorphologically representative pilot areas delivered

as a part of the metadata

• DATA MANAGERS’ TOOLBOX• Collection of tools for creation and maintenance of the drainage basin register• Enables “easy” updating of flow direction grid when more accurate DEM will be available in the future• (Semi)automatic production of drainage basin systems for different purposes (e.g. WFD delineation,

Water quality, hydrological monitoring places etc.)

• INTERACTIVE DELINEATION TOOL• Completes catchment areas management

• Delineation of catchment areas for the user specified outlet• Calculation of certain land cover/land use characteristic

• In house built interactive tools in ArcGIS-environment which utilize data managers’ toolbox


VALUE Products – Example Vuoksi


Vuoksi

Current Finnish Drainage Basin Register Updated Finnish Drainage Basin Register

537 catchment areas 3 242 catchment areas

Looking beyond INSPIRE...


Positional accuracy of a drainage divide?


Monte Carlo method in uncertainty-aware catchment delineation

• Catchment delineation is repeated many times (100-1000) by using a realization of a stochastic model, which represents the real-world terrain


Repeat N times

Challenges in uncertainty-aware catchment delineation

• Future work on...

•Computational challenges

•Visualization challenges

•Challenges related to user experiences


Computational challenges

• Monte Carlo method extremely time consuming• With the earlier ArcGIS-based tool 100 simulation runs with the DEM (1560x1341 points) took about 30 minutes

• Improvements to performace by e.g. efficient algorithms for simulation of stochastic process (process convolution) and pitfilling, as well as utilization of General Purpose GraphicalProcessing Units (GPGPUs)• With the current GPGPU-based tool 100 simulation runs with the DEM (1560x1341 points) takes about 10 seconds!


GPGPUs in uncertainty-aware catchmentdelineation

• Platform for MASSIVE parallelization with very high cost-efficiency• New challenges in multi-GPGPU environment• Enabling technology for interactivity?


Eränen D. (manuscript). Uncertainty-aware drainage basin delineation from digital elevation models using graphical processing units. Master’s Thesis, Åbo Akademi University.

ALU = Arithmetic Logic Unit

Visualization challenges

• This far, the visualizations have served the needs of scientists without considering the real world use context

• Within the VALUE project the questions are:• How to communicate efficiently about the uncertainty of catchment boundaries to non-expert end users?

• How to communicate about extremely complex patterns of uncertain catchment boundaries?

• How to take the scale into account in visualizations?


16The INSPIRE Conference 2012, Istanbul, Turkey

17The INSPIRE Conference 2012, Istanbul, Turkey

User experiences

• What do the real end users think about uncertainty-aware catchment delineations?


Data producer’s viewpoint on data quality Scientist’s viewpoint on applicationspecific data quality

End user

Acknowledgements

• Research assistants David Eränen and FriederikeSchwarzbach, FGI

• GIS Specialist Mika Heikkinen, SYKE

• VALUE I & II funded by the Ministry of Environment, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Finland, and SYKE

• INTUIT funded by the Academy of Finland, grant 251987


Thank you!

• For more information, please...• Visit http://www.fgi.fi/fgi/ and http://www.ymparisto.fi/

• Google “Oksanen DEM error”


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