US‐China Coal Cooperation

Dr. Casey Delhotal, Director, Office of East Asian AffairsPresented by

Dr. Robert C. Marlay, Deputy Director, Office of Climate Policy and TechnologyU.S. Director, U.S.‐China Clean Energy Research Center

October 24, 2012

OutlineOutline

OverviewOverview

Fossil Energy Protocol

Carbon Sequestration Leadership Forum

APEC Expert Group on Clean Fossil EnergyAPEC Expert Group on Clean Fossil Energy

21st Century Coal Initiative

US‐China Clean Energy Research Center

Challenges

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g

(for Energy)

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DOE MissionDOE Mission

Themission of the Department of Energy is:The mission of the Department of Energy is:To ensure America’s security and prosperity 

dd i l dBy addressing its energy, environmental and nuclear challengesThrough transformative science and technology solutions

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How DOE works with China

U.S. – China cooperation is motivated by common challenges and mutual interests 

U S ‐ China cooperation seeks to leverage talent resources and complementary S&TU.S.‐ China cooperation seeks to leverage talent, resources, and complementary  S&T assets

By working together, we can multiply intellectual capacity, learn from each other, drive down costs, and accelerate the clean energy revolution

DOE focuses on technical issues, while promoting U.S. commercial interests by:Creating bilateral platforms that convene parties and enable cooperationInvolving U S private sector in virtually all DOE’s initiatives with ChinaInvolving U.S. private sector in virtually all DOE s initiatives with ChinaCreating opportunities for U.S. companies in the Chinese marketProviding technical support for interagency decision making in trade and investmentHosting Government – Industry Forums in all energy sectorsg y gy

DOE seeks to strengthen IP protection in R&D programs, within bilateral S&T agreements and flexible negotiating frameworks

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Chronology of Coal Cooperation

Chronology of Coal Cooperation Period I: S&T Cooperation (1978‐1990)

Protocol on Fossil Energy R&D (1985)Agreement on CO2 research under the Fossil Energy Protocol (1987)Reduction in cooperative activities beginning in March 1989, due to IPR issues

( )Period II: Energy Policy Consultations (1991‐2000)*  China became a net energy importer in 1993   *

Two annexes added to the Fossil Energy Protocol (1994)Revised Fossil Energy Protocol (2000)Revised Fossil Energy Protocol (2000)

Period III: Broadened Relationship (2001‐2007)First annexes under revised Protocol signed (2001)China becomes charter member of CSLF (2003)China becomes charter member of CSLF (2003)Opening of DOE China Office and 1st EPD (2005)

Period IV: Clean Energy Initiatives (November 2009)21st Century Coal InitiativeUS‐China Clean Energy Research Center – Adv Coal Technology Track

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Fossil Energy Protocol

The FE Protocol is a bi‐lateral S&T agreement between DOE and China’s MOST.i i d d & i b hIt is intended to promote S&T cooperation between the US 

and China in activities related to fossil energy research, development, demonstration and deployment.p p yProtocol meetings include:Individual annex meetings (6 Annexes)

b d lBusiness‐to‐business dialoguesStakeholder sessions

Recent example:Recent example:Completed 3‐month exchange programs on Clean FuelsFour FE/NETL senior scientists visited China

h h dFour Shenhua senior scientists visited U.S.

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Fossil Energy Protocol

The Protocol has six Annexes under which joint projects are conducted:1. Annex I: Power Systems

2. Annex II: Clean Fuels

3. Annex III: Oil and Gas

4 Annex IV: Energy and Environmental Control Technologies4. Annex IV: Energy and Environmental Control Technologies

5. Annex V: Climate Science

6. Annex VI:  Advanced Coal‐Based Energy Systems Research, gy yDevelopment and Simulation (est., August 2010)

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FE Protocol

Outreach and communications activities are underway to introduce Chinese corporations and research groups to the latest US technologies in the areas oflatest US technologies in the areas of:

coal gasification, coal liquefaction, natural gas technology, coal bed methane recovery, acid rain control technologies, andacid rain control technologies, and carbon dioxide capture from power plants.

Annex VI: focuses on process simulations and modelingRecent successes: 

completed feasibility study1st coal liquefaction facility in the world24,000 BPD, compatible with CCUS (Shenhua)designed study for 350 MW oxyfuel power plant with CCUS

23 October 20129

Carbon Sequestration Leadership Forum

CSLF is a voluntary multi‐lateral climate initiative of 25 developed and developing nations (incl., US and China) that account for about 3/4ths of all manmade carbon dioxide emissions3/4ths of all manmade carbon dioxide emissions.

Members are dedicated to collaboration and information sharing on multiple technologies for the capture and long term geologicmultiple technologies for the capture and long‐term geologic storage of carbon dioxide at low costs, including:

developing technology, 

proving it safe, 

demonstrating its efficacy and cost, and 

fostering its deployment worldwidefostering its deployment worldwide.

Members also work towards establishing a companion foundation of legislative, regulatory, administrative, and institutional practices that will ensure safe, verifiable storage for as long as millennia.

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CSLF ProjectsCSLF ProjectsCollaborative projects recognized by the CSLF, include:

Information exchange and networking; 

Planning and road‐mapping; 

Facilitation of collaboration; 

Research and development;  and

Demonstrations.

CSLF has recognized over 30 projects.  Two completed sample projects follow:

China Coalbed Methane Technology/CO2 Sequestration Project (completed)

Demonstrated that coal seams in the anthracitic coals of Shanxi Province of China are permeable and stable enough to absorb CO2 and enhance methane production (2005)

CO2STORE (completed)

A follow‐on to the Sleipner project in Norway, the goal was to develop sound scientific methodologies for the assessment, planning, and long‐term monitoring of underground CO2 storage both onshore and offshore (2006)CO2 storage, both onshore and offshore (2006)

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Asia‐Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)Expert Group on Clean Fossil Energy (EGCFE)Expert Group on Clean Fossil Energy (EGCFE)

APEC is a multi‐lateral economic forum for the Asia‐Pacific region of 21 member countries, including the US and China   

The overall goal is sustainable economic growth and prosperity in the Asia‐Pacific region.

The Expert Group on Clean FE, organized under APEC, carries out activities to enhance i d l t d iti t th i t l i t l t d t theconomic development and mitigate the environmental impact related to the 

production, preparation, transport, storage, and use of fossil fuels.  For example:

APEC Low Rank Coal Workshop was held in Beijing in July

An unconventional gas (UCG) census for the APEC region with focus on China will beAn unconventional gas (UCG) census for the APEC region, with focus on China, will be completed by year's end

A proposal to NEA to hold an APEC Underground Coal Gasification in China next year

A joint APEC/World Energy Council workshop on CCUS was held in Beijing in Augustj / gy p j g g

China has submitted a project proposal to APEC to share information on "circular" coal economies in regional efforts to reduce pollution and waste, and to conserve energy

China has inquired about to holding an APEC workshop on efficient coal power generation in the first half of next year

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the first half of next year.

U.S.‐China Clean Energy Initiatives – Period IV

November 2009

Shale Gas Resource InitiativeElectric Vehicles Initiative

Seven Joint Clean Energy Initiatives (Nov. 2009)

Shale Gas Resource Initiative

Energy Cooperation Program

U.S.‐China Clean Energy Research 

Electric Vehicles Initiative

Energy Efficiency Action Plan

Renewable Energy PartnershipCenter21st Century Coal

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21st Century Coal Initiative 

Scientists and engineers to cooperate on developingScientists and engineers to cooperate on developing clean coal and carbon capture and storage technologies DOE is supporting:

Technical exchanges

Workshops

F t R&D i thi i iti ti t b d d th U S ChiFuture R&D in this initiative to be done under the U.S.‐China CERC

Affects platform for U.S. sponsored coal projects looking for p p p j gChinese partners

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21st Century Coal Initiative – Recent Accomplishments21 Century Coal Initiative  Recent AccomplishmentsResearch:

NETL – Fluid Flow in Chinese Rock Cores

PNNL – Computational ModelsPNNL – Computational Models

LLNL – Coal Gasification

LLNL – Underground Carbon Sequestration

Meetings/Feasibility S&T Studies:Meetings/Feasibility S&T Studies:

3rd U.S. China CO2 Emissions Control S&T Symposium

WVU/Shenhua/LLNL – Joint Feasibility Study Coal Liquefaction Plant in Inner Mongolia

NETL/PNNL/CAS – New R&D Coop on Adv Coal‐Based Energy Systems R&D and SimulationNETL/PNNL/CAS  New R&D Coop. on Adv. Coal Based Energy Systems R&D and Simulation

Business Deals:

Future Fuels LLC of Texas signed an Agreement to use Chinese Pre‐combustion CC tech for a new Coal Plant in Pennsylvania

Duke Energy Signed agreements with ENN and Huaneng to Share Experiences with IGCC

AEP of Ohio signed an agreement with Huaneng and CNOOC on CCUS

AEP of Ohio agreement with State Grid on integrating Clean Coal Power with the Grid

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CERC ProtocolCERC Protocol

CERC Protocol Signed, Nov. 2009

Calls for Joint U.S.-China Clean Energy Research Center (Virtual, not Physical)

CERC Goals:Spur Innovation of Clean Energy Techs

Diversify Sources of Energy Supply

Improve Energy EfficiencyImprove Energy Efficiency

Accelerate Transition to a Low-Carbon Economy

Avoid the Worst Consequences of Climate Signing of CERC Protocol  Nov. 2009

Avoid the Worst Consequences of Climate Change

Three Areas for Initial Cooperation – Clean Coal; Clean Vehicles; and Efficient Buildings

Steven Chu, U.S. Secretary of EnergyLiu Yandong, PRC State Councilor (S&T, MOST)Gary Locke, U.S. Secretary of CommerceWan Gang, PRC Minister of S&T:Coal; Clean Vehicles; and Efficient Buildings

$150 Million over 5 Years, Jointly Shared23 October 201216

g,

Advanced Coal TechnologyTechnology

Vision:  Advance coal technology needed to safely, effectively, and efficiently utilize coal resources in both countries, including the ability to capture, store and utilize emissions from coal useutilize emissions from coal use.

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Advanced Coal TechnologyTechnology

GreenGen, Tianjin 天津

Novel CO2 CaptureIGCC with CCS

ShidongkouShidongkou, Shanghai, Shanghai

B&W Amine Test Center, OH

CCS Technology &Geologic Storage

Oxy-Fuel

gg , g, g石洞口，上海石洞口，上海

Oxy-Fuel Combustion

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CO2 Utilization, IncludingMicro-Algae for Fuels Post-combustion CO2 CapturecAdvanced Coal Combustion

with CO2 Capture

Advanced Coal Technology Partners

U.S. China

Partners

Project LeadWest Virginia University (WVU)

Partners:B b k & Wil (B&W)

– Project Lead• Huazhong Univ. of Science and Technology

– Partners:• Ctr. for Energy & Power, Ch. Acad. of Sciences 

Babcock & Wilcox (B&W)

Duke Energy (Duke)

Indiana Geological Survey (IGS)

Lawrence Livermore National Lab (LLNL)

• China Huaneng Group Clean Energy Res. Inst.• China Power Engineering Consulting Group Corporation 

(CPECC)• China Power Investment Corporation, Beijing• China Univ. of Mining and Technology

ENN (Xi A G )Lawrence Livermore National Lab (LLNL)

Los Alamos National Lab (LANL)

LP Amina

National Energy Technology Lab (NETL)

• ENN (XinAo Group)• Huaneng Power International, Inc• Institute for Rock & Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of 

Science• Jinan University, Guangzhou• NW Univ of China

University of Kentucky (UKy)

University of Wyoming (UWy)

U.S.‐China Clean Energy Forum, China Relations Council

• NW Univ. of China • Shaanxi Provincial Institute of Energy Resources, Xianyang• Shanghai JiaoTong University• Shenhua Group• Tsinghua University• Yanchang PetroleumRelations Council

World Resources Institute (WRI)

19 23 October 2012

• Yanchang Petroleum• Zhejiang University, Hangzhou

38 Clean Coal Projects Covered in CERC ACTCCovered in CERC‐ACTC

Oxy‐Combustion Technology DevelopmentFuel and Emission CharacterizationPilot Scale Evaluation

Advanced Power Generation Increase efficiency and availability of existing coal power plantsAd d Ult S iti l ti Pilot Scale Evaluation

Steady‐State and Dynamic Process Modeling SimulationsFeasibility Study for Large Scale Deployment

Evaluation Technology of CO2 Geological Storage SitesSaline Formations at the Basin ScaleGeologic Storage & EOR

Advanced Ultra Supercritical power generationUpgrade Pulverizing system for Subcritical Power Plant

Clean Coal Conversion TechnologyCo‐generation system combined pyrolysis, gasification, and combustionh l f h Geologic Storage & EOR

Geologic Storage & ECBMSimulation and Modeling

Carbon Dioxide Utilization with MicroalgaeScreening of Algae StrainsGrowth System Optimization

Chemical Looping Gasification with CO2 CaptureDirect SNG production from coalCoal to SNG by Catalytic gasificationGasification properties of Direct Coal Liquefaction residueMeasurement\Modeling\Environmental Technologies for U ti l C l G ifi ti

y pDevelop efficient post‐processing technologies Techno‐Economic Analysis

Systems Integration, Simulation and AssessmentStatic and Dynamic Modeling of IGCC+CCSModeling of Post‐Combustion Capture Technologies

Unconventional Coal GasificationCoal/biomass co‐conversion process

Pre‐Combustion CO2 CaptureIGCC with CCSIGCC Knowledge Transfer

Visualization and Operator Training  Tools and SimulationsModel. and Sim. of Post‐Combustion Plants with CO2 Capture Modeling of coal fired Pre & Post Combustion CO2 CaptureLife‐Cycle Analysis of Coal to Chemical Systems

Communication and Integration

Post‐Combustion CO2 CapturePost‐combustion CO2 capture at Duke Gibson StationSolvent for CO2 Separation from Utility Flue GasCatalyst to Enhance CO2 Capture Kinetic in the ScrubberMembrane for CO2 Separation from Utility Flue Gas Stream

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IP Management and Development SupportCommunication and Integration

Post CO2 Scrubber Solvent EnrichmentAmine Based Capture Modeling

Post‐Combustion Capture Technology and ApplicationTechnology and Application

Gibson Power Station, Gibson Power Station, SW IndianaSW IndianaSW IndianaSW Indiana

• Gibson 3 (Indiana) + Shidongkou(Shanghai)

• Assessment, simulation and analysis

ShidongkouShidongkou, Shanghai, Shanghai石洞口，上海石洞口，上海

• Novel technology development

Duke Energy, Huaneng‐CERI

LLNL, Univ. KY, LANL

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Large‐Scale (1 million ton/y) IGCC w/ CCUSIGCC w/ CCUS

Edwardsport, Indiana

• Plants under construction• Some engineering data available

Sh i d (2013 2014)• Share operating data (2013-2014)• Potential to share USTDA project• Cross-training on simulators

GreenGen, Tianjin

Duke Energy, GE; Huaneng-CERINETL, WVU, LLNL; Tsinghua

23 October 201222

Large‐Scale Storage and EOR

• Wyoming (WY-CUSP/Rock Springs Uplift)p )

• Indiana (Edwardsport and Gibson)• Shaanxi EOR opportunities

Univ. Wyoming, Indiana Geological Survey and Duke Energy

LLNL, LANL, WVU

CO2 Utilization of Micro‐AlgaeMicro‐Algae

• Testing two designs at two plants:• Univ.KY design at Dale Power Sta.

ENN d i E B d

ENN microalgae, Lang Fang

• ENN design at East Bend • Engineering assessment and optimization

Duke Energy, Inc and ENNUniv. KY and PNNL

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Coal‐to‐Chemicals, Poly‐Gen, and Carbon CapturePoly Gen, and Carbon Capture

• Cooperation between LP Amina and Gemeng Intel. Energy Co. ltd• Signing Ceremony Sept. 25th, 2011; ongoing negotiations driving towards positive conclusionconclusion• First demonstration project complete

•in Shanxi by H1 2012; 100MW unit

LP Amina, Gemeng, Baer, WVU

Oxy‐Fuel Combustion S l U d I iScale‐Up and Integration

• Demonstration plant feasibility study• Coal combustion studies: kinetics and

thermodynamicsthermodynamics• 3 MW plant comparisons• Simulation and validation exchange

(WVU HUST B&W)(WVU, HUST, B&W)• Potential demonstration identified

B&W; HUST, WVU, Tsinghua 1000800600400

T(K)

22002000180016001400

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12001000800600

CERC LOGO

U.S.–ChinaClean Energy

ResearchCenter

中美清洁能源研究中心

U.S.: http://www.us-china-cerc.orgChina: http://www.cerc.org.cn/

27 23 October 2012

Challenges to U.S. China S&T Cooperation

Trade issues 

IP issues 

Congressional concerns and budgeting

“what is the value of cooperation to the US?”

Stove piping between agencies

S O / / S / OC/SU.S. DOE/EPA /USTR/DOC/STATE

Chinese ministries

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Th kThank you

23 October 201229

Contact InformationContact Information

Dr. (Katherine) Casey Delhotal

Director, East Asian Affairs

Office of Policy and International Affairs

U.S. Department of Energy

casey.delhotal@hq.doe.gov

(202) 586 5903(202) 586‐5903

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