u.s. customs and border protection · glassware as set forth in t.d. 94–26 and solicited public...

U.S. Customs and Border Protection◆

Docket No. USCBP-2007–0099

CBP Dec. 10–31

TESTING METHOD OF PRESSED AND TOUGHENED(SPECIALLY TEMPERED) GLASSWARE

AGENCY: U.S. Customs and Border Protection, Department ofHomeland Security.

ACTION: Notice of method CBP uses to test pressed and toughened(specially tempered) glassware for tariff classification purposes.

SUMMARY: This document adopts modifications to the test methodcurrently applied by U.S. Customs and Border Protection (“CBP”) forthe testing of pressed and toughened (specially tempered) glassware,as set forth in Treasury Decision (T.D.) 94–26 which was published inthe Federal Register on March 22, 1994. This document sets forthrevised criteria for interpreting the results obtained from the cuttingtest for opaque glassware and provides an interpretation of breakagefor that test. In addition, this document reinstates a previously usedtesting method, the center punch test, and provides a description ofthe center punch apparatus to be used for that test. The final CBPtest method for pressed and toughened (specially tempered) glass-ware for tariff classification purposes is set forth in its entirety in thisdocument.

DATES: CBP will begin applying this revised test method onglassware entered, or withdrawn from warehouse, for consumptioneffective October 14, 2010.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Margaret Chinn,Office of Information and Technology, Laboratories and ScientificServices, (202) 344–1566; Stephen Cassata, Office of Informationand Technology, Laboratories and Scientific Services, (202)344–1309.

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SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

Background

This document sets forth modifications to the criteria utilized byU.S. Customs and Border Protection (“CBP”) to test certain glasswarearticles to determine whether they are “pressed and toughened (spe-cially tempered)” for tariff classification purposes under the Harmo-nized Tariff Schedule of the United States (“HTSUS”). The glasswarearticles subject to these testing procedures are generally importedinto the United States under subheadings 7013.28.05, 7013.37.05,7013.42.10, 7013.49.10, and 7013.99.20, HTSUS. Articles of “safetyglass, consisting of toughened (tempered) or laminated glass” that arenormally imported under heading 7007, HTSUS (e.g., architecturalplate glass and vehicle windshields), are not within the purview ofthis final notice.

Information regarding the apparatus used, glass sample prepara-tion, and the methods employed by CBP to test glassware articles todetermine whether they are pressed and toughened (specially tem-pered) was previously set forth in the Federal Register (59 FR13531, March 22, 1994; see also, 59 FR 16895, April 8, 1994, correct-ing “T.D. 94–25” to “T.D. 94–26”). Under T.D. 94–26, photographicequipment, polariscopes, tile saws (or similar table-mounted circularsaws), or other apparatus and supplies, such as calipers, ovens, andwater baths, can be used to test subject glassware articles. Withrespect to sample preparation, T.D. 94–26 states that a representa-tive number of samples should be analyzed but recognizes the possi-bility that only one sample may be available for testing.

The method to be used for the testing of pressed and toughened(specially tempered) glassware under T.D. 94–26 consists of threetests. They are the “macroscopic analysis,” “thermal shock test,” and“evaluation of temper.” The evaluation of temper test consists of apolariscopic examination for transparent or translucent glasswareand a cutting test for opaque glassware. The proposed modification ofthe test method was limited to the cutting test for opaque glassware.

Proposed Modifications

On January 9, 2008, CBP published a notice in the Federal Reg-ister (73 FR 1640) which proposed modifications to the method ap-plied for the testing of pressed and toughened (specially tempered)glassware as set forth in T.D. 94–26 and solicited public comments.The notice proposed modifications to the cutting test for opaqueglassware but did not propose changes to the testing procedures usedfor the macroscopic analysis test, thermal shock test, and polariscopicexamination aspect of the evaluation of temper test. The notice also

2 CUSTOMS BULLETIN AND DECISIONS, VOL. 45, NO. 12, MARCH 16, 2011

proposed to reinstate the “center punch test” and provided a descrip-tion of the center punch apparatus that would be used for the pro-posed test. Finally, the notice proposed to allow for the optional useof additional tests by CBP that would be used only to verify theresults obtained from the other testing procedures. The modificationsset forth in the January 9, 2008, notice are described in greater detailbelow.

Proposed Changes to Cutting Test for Opaque Glassware

The cutting test for opaque glassware is used for opaque glasswareand translucent glassware that cannot be examined polariscopicallybecause they do not transmit adequate polarized light. In the noticeof January 9, 2008, it was proposed to revise the criteria used tointerpret the results obtained from the cutting test for opaque glass-ware. In addition, it was proposed to add an interpretation of break-age in the test because the guidelines set forth in T.D. 94–26 did notclearly explain how breakage should be interpreted. Under the pro-posal, CBP would interpret the test such that the presence of “some”dicing or crazing would be sufficient to determine that a glass articlehas been specially tempered for tariff classification purposes. Underthis standard, “some” would be considered to be any diced, crazed(gravel that remains tenuously in contact with neighboring pieces), orgraveled (presence of small cubes of approximately equal dimensionson all six sides) fragment yielded from the cut sample that is morethan just a fugitive diced, crazed, or graveled fragment. In addition,it was proposed to remove the references to tempered soda lime,borosilicate, and fluorosilicate glass that are currently in the testbecause the composition of the glass is not relevant for testing pur-poses.

Proposal to Add Center Punch Test

The notice of January 9, 2008, also proposed to reinstate the centerpunch test. It was noted in the proposal that it is dangerous for ananalyst to perform the cutting test on a sample that is less than fiveinches in diameter or five inches wide and that it would be preferableto use the center punch test in these cases. The center punch appa-ratus to be used to perform the test would be a slender tool approxi-mately 8 to 12 inches in length with one end tapered to a point. Thetool would be long enough to allow for its insertion into tall-formtumblers and other articles of similar shape while permitting thenonpointed end to extend above the rim. This would be necessary forhandling and safety purposes when performing the center punchtest. The pointed end of the center punch would not be so sharp so asto chip the glassware on contact without applying pressure.


In order to perform the center punch test under the proposal, asample would initially be set on a solid and level surface. An analystwould then place the pointed end of the center punch verticallyagainst the inside center bottom or heel of the article. The analystwould strike the dull end of the punch with a hammer, using blows ofgradually increasing severity until breakage occurs. The breakagepattern, approximate number, and relative shape and size of thefragments would then be noted. Thereafter, the breakage patternand/or typical fragments would be photographed. It would only benecessary for the broken sample to exhibit “some” dicing, crazing, orgraveling in order to be considered tempered for CBP’s classificationpurposes. “Some” would be considered to be any diced, crazed, orgraveled fragments yielded by the broken sample that are more thanjust fugitive diced, crazed, or graveled fragments.

Proposal to Add Option to Use Additional Tests

In addition, the notice of January 9, 2008, proposed to provide forthe optional use of additional tests by CBP. The additional testswould be used by CBP only to verify the results obtained from theother testing procedures. It was stated that the additional testswould facilitate the overall testing process by ensuring that the re-sults obtained from the other testing procedures are accurate.

Discussion of Comments

Comments were solicited in the notice of January 9, 2008, and thecomment period closed on March 17, 2008. One commenter re-sponded during this time period on behalf of two clients, a manufac-turer and separate importer of tempered glassware. The commentersubmitted two letters, a set of photographs, and a series of ten shortvideos. A description of the comments and other material in thesubmission, as well as CBP’s related analysis, follows.

Comment:

The commenter asserts that the standard proposed for the testingof pressed and toughened (specially tempered) glassware set forth inthe notice of January 9, 2008, would produce erroneous results andwould not meet certain parameters established by the courts fortesting methodology.

CBP’s Response:

The commenter submitted photographs and videos in an attempt todemonstrate that CBP’s proposed testing method for the testing ofpressed and toughened (specially tempered) glassware would produceerroneous results. As discussed further below, however, CBP does not


find the commenter’s submission persuasive in this regard becausethe proposed modifications to the testing method would actuallyintroduce a higher degree of accuracy into the testing process. Inaddition, CBP believes that this testing method would withstandjudicial scrutiny because the generally accepted methods in the stan-dard are accurate, testable, and have been subject to peer review andpublication.

Comment:

The commenter states that the center punch test is not a useful orreliable test for tempered glassware and opposes its reinstatement byCBP. The commenter expressed its concern that CBP did not makeclear in the notice of January 9, 2008, whether the center punch testwould be used in lieu of, or in addition to, the cutting test. Moreover,if the center punch is intended to be used in addition to the cuttingtest, the commenter questions the relative weight CBP will assign toeach test in determining whether an item is considered tempered.

CBP’s Response:

CBP’s position is that the center punch test is useful and reliable,and CBP has determined that its reinstatement into the method forthe testing of pressed and toughened (specially tempered) glasswareis necessary. In support of this determination, CBP recognizes thatthe reinstatement of the center punch test will provide CBP analystswith a test that can be used in cases where the cutting test yieldsinconclusive results or when it would be dangerous to use the cuttingtest because of the dimensions of the sample.

As noted above, one instance where the center punch test will beused is when the cutting test yields inconclusive results. In thissituation, the results of the center punch test will be interpreted inconjunction with the results of the cutting test in order to make thecorrect classification determination. CBP believes this additionaltest is required because the CBP Laboratory occasionally testssamples that break into several large pieces when subjected to thecutting test. Without the benefit of a second test to confirm whetherthe tested glassware is actually pressed and toughened (speciallytempered) in these cases, the analyst is constrained under the currentstandard to classify the article as “tempered” even though there maybe doubts as to whether the article is actually tempered. Accordingly,the revised standard set forth in this document will afford the CBPanalyst with the opportunity to utilize the center punch test in caseswhere the results of the cutting test are inconclusive (i.e., if thesample breaks into several large pieces when subjected to the cuttingtest).


The second instance where the center punch test will be employedunder the proposed revised method is cases where an article is toosmall to safely analyze with the cutting test. CBP believes this isnecessary because the integrity of a tempered glassware article canfail during a cutting test, potentially resulting in serious injury to theCBP analyst. Accordingly, the revised method will afford the analystthe opportunity to utilize the center punch test on articles considered“too small” to safely perform a cutting test. The revised method willmake clear that glassware articles considered too small to analyzesafely with a cutting test will be those that are smaller than fiveinches in diameter or five inches wide. If a glassware article issmaller than five inches in diameter or five inches wide and theanalyst chooses to use the center punch test, a cutting test will not beperformed on the article and the results obtained from the centerpunch test will be considered independently. Results obtained fromthe center punch test in these situations will be interpreted in thesame manner as results obtained from the cutting test.

Comment:

The commenter states that the proposed breakage analysis fortempered glassware subjected to the cutting or center punch test(particularly fluorosilicate which has characteristics unique to itscrystalline structure) is too subjective and in many instances wouldresult in an erroneous conclusion that a tempered article is nottempered. With respect to the proposed breakage analysis, the com-menter specifically states that both annealed and tempered fluoro-silicate plates which are subjected to the center punch test break intosmall pizza-shaped pieces, the only real difference being that thetempered plates take more force to break and yield somewhat smallerpizza-shaped pieces. In addition, other types of articles may reactdifferently when subjected to the center punch test. For example, atempered mug which is subjected to the center punch test may breakinto irregular pieces smaller than those of an annealed mug.

The commenter indicates that their client has performed repeatedcenter punch tests on the full range of fluorosilicate articles whichthey manufacture and have confirmed that other than the differencesin the appearance of the pieces noted above, they did not observedicing or crazing of tempered fluorosilicate glass. The commentersubmitted various photographs and ten short videos in order to dem-onstrate the difficulty associated with classifying glass as temperedor non-tempered based on breakage patterns. The commenter statesthat the photographs depict annealed and tempered fluorosilicate(opal) and soda lime plates subjected to the center punch test. The


commenter indicates that of the ten videos submitted, two are of thecenter punch test performed on tempered fluorosilicate glass plates;two are of the center punch test performed on annealed fluorosilicateglass plates; one is of the center punch test performed on a temperedsoda lime glass plate; one is of the center punch test performed on anannealed soda lime glass plate; one is of a hammer striking a tem-pered fluorosilicate plate; one is of a hammer striking an annealedfluorosilicate plate; one is of the center punch test performed on atempered fluorosilicate mug; and, one is of the center punch testperformed on an annealed fluorosilicate mug.

The commenter believes that the photographs and videos provethat the breakage differences resulting when the center punch test isperformed on tempered versus annealed glass can be so subtle as tobe virtually non-existent. The commenter specifically notes thattempered fluorosilicate glass plates will not exhibit any dicing, grav-eling, or crazing when cut or center punched. In addition, the com-menter states that dicing, crazing, or graveling are characteristicsthat are generally exhibited in heat-treated flat glass, not flat glass-ware. The commenter contends that because tempered dinnerware isvery different in shape and thickness, dicing, crazing or gravelingdoes not ordinarily occur in soda lime glass dinnerware and neveroccurs in tempered fluorosilicate glass dinnerware. Moreover, thecommenter states that there is no evidence that glass dinnerwareshould dice, craze, or gravel when cut.

CBP’s Response:

CBP disagrees with the commenter’s statement that the analysis ofbreakage patterns for tempered glassware subjected to the cutting orcenter punch tests is too subjective to be deemed reliable. In addition,CBP notes that some degree of temper must be visually evident for aglassware article to be considered “toughened (specially tempered)”and also maintains that a tempered glassware article will craze, dice,or gravel when broken.

CBP notes that the degree of temper in glassware is roughly equiva-lent to the strength increase of the glass produced by the compressionon the outside of the article and that this increase in compression iscompensated for by a greater amount of internal tension. CBP’s viewis that, at some point, the appearance of dicing indicates a certainamount of achievement of strength through tempering and that pro-gressively smaller fragments corresponds to even higher levels oftemper. The factor affecting whether an interior crack branches intoother fractures is principally the state of the stress at those interiorpoints through which the crack propagates. CBP’s criterion for


“toughened (specially tempered)” translates roughly into the require-ment that the state of tensile strength in the interior of the article dueto tempering should be high enough to produce this branching whichis exhibited by visible dicing, crazing, or graveling during breakagethrough at least part of the article. In this respect, whether it is flatglass or dinner glassware, it is a common axiom that a temperedglassware article will craze, dice, or gravel when it breaks.

With respect to the photographic and video evidence submitted bythe commenter, CBP initially agrees that in some cases the temperedglassware depicted in the submissions does not appear to craze, dice,or gravel when impacted with a center-punch. However, it is notedthat no evidence was submitted to demonstrate that the glasswaresubjected to testing in the submissions was, in fact, tempered. Inaddition, CBP notes that the experiments were not technically accu-rate because only a hammer was used in some of the tests. Accord-ingly, the criteria for interpreting breakage for the cutting test foropaque glassware and the reinstated center punch test, as set forth inthe January 9, 2008, notice, will not be eliminated from the revisedmethod for the testing of pressed and toughened (specially tempered)glassware.

Comment:

The commenter states that CBP’s proposal to use additional tests toverify the results of the other tests is improper because tests that arenever disclosed or described cannot be properly scrutinized. In addi-tion, the commenter states that CBP has not explained what weightwould be assigned to the additional tests for purposes of applying thetesting methodology.

CBP’s Response:

CBP agrees that the verification of additional test results would beproblematic for the reasons the commenter provides. Accordingly,additional tests will not be used to verify the results of the other tests,as reflected in the revised method to be applied for the testing ofpressed and toughened (specially tempered) glassware which is setforth below.

Conclusion

After analyzing the comments and other material contained in thesubmission discussed above and further review of the matter, CBPhas decided to adopt, except for the use of additional tests as dis-cussed in the comment section above, the modifications to the testmethod used by CBP for the testing of pressed and toughened (spe-cially tempered) glassware as proposed in the notice of January 9,


2008 (73 FR 1640) for the cutting test for opaque glassware and forthe reinstatement of the center punch test for articles less than fiveinches in diameter and for inconclusive results from the cutting test.In addition, this document inserts a new section, “Scope and Field ofApplication”, into the test method. This new section merely clarifiesthat the method employs macroscopic analysis, thermal shock test-ing, and evaluation of temper. This new section also clarifies thatpressed and toughened (specially tempered) glassware articles arenormally imported under subheadings 7013.28.05, 7013.37.05,7013.42.10, 7013.49.10, and 7013.99.20, HTSUS, and that articlesnormally imported under heading 7007, HTSUS, such as wind-shields, are not within the purview of the method. Finally, thisdocument makes other minor editorial changes to the test method.The revised test method, set forth in its entirety below, will be em-ployed by CBP on glassware entered, or withdrawn from warehouse,for consumption on or after 30 days from the date of publication ofthis document in the Federal Register.

TESTING METHOD OF PRESSED AND TOUGHENED(SPECIALLY TEMPERED) GLASSWARE

SAFETY PRECAUTION: CERTAIN PROCEDURES DESCRIBEDIN THIS METHOD POSE A POTENTIAL HAZARD TO PERSON-NEL FROM THE PROXIMITY TO OR HANDLING OF BREAKINGOR BROKEN GLASS. THIS METHOD SHALL NOT BE UNDER-TAKEN WITHOUT SUPERVISORY CONCURRENCE THAT AD-EQUATE PRECAUTIONS FOR PERSONAL SAFETY HAVE BEENIMPLEMENTED.

SCOPE AND FIELD OF APPLICATION

This method employs macroscopic analysis, thermal shock testing,and evaluation of temper to determine if a glassware item has beenpressed and toughened (specially tempered) for U.S. Customs andBorder Protection (CBP)’s tariff classification purposes.

These glassware articles are normally imported under subheadingnumbers 7013.28.05, 7013.37.05, 7013.42.10, 7013.49.10, and7013.99.20 of the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States(HTSUS). Articles of “safety glass, consisting of toughened (tem-pered) … glass,” normally imported under heading 7007 of the HT-SUS, (e.g., vehicle windshields) are not within the purview of thismethod.


1. APPARATUS:

Photographic Equipment:

A camera (equipped with flash or supplemented by adequate light-ing) is recommended for making a permanent record of unusualsamples and test results.

Polariscope:

The basic instrument consists of a light source, a polarizer, and ananalyzer. The addition of a full-wave retardation, or tint, platepermits observation of color-enhanced stress patterns. Ideally, theworking space, or distance between the polarizer and the analyzer,should be large enough to accommodate samples ranging up to eightinches in height.

Tile Saw (or Similar Table-Mounted Circular Saw):

A tile saw having a cutting head which can be adjusted horizontallyand vertically and which is equipped with an 8 to 12 inch diametercontinuous rim diamond blade designed for wet cutting glass is ad-equate for testing opaque glassware articles.

Center Punch:

The center punch is a slender tool having one end tapered to apoint. The tool should be approximately 8” to 12” in length to permitinsertion into tall-form tumblers and other articles of similar shapewhile the nonpointed end extends above the rim. This is necessary forease of handling and for safety while performing the center punchtest. The pointed end of the center punch should not be sufficientlysharp so as to chip the glassware on contact without the applicationof pressure.

Other Apparatus and Supplies:

The method requires various common laboratory articles such as acaliper or similar device for measuring the diameter of the openingand the maximum inside diameter of the sample, an oven, a waterbath, and other equipment and supplies. Appropriate safety devicesand personal protective equipment are also required.

2. PREPARATION OF THE SAMPLE

When available a representative number of samples should beanalyzed. However, it is recognized that for any of several reasons,


e.g., cost of the item, only a limited number of samples may besubmitted for analysis. The possibility exists that only one samplemay be available for testing.

3. ANALYSIS PROCEDURES

The following procedures may be conducted in whatever order theanalyst deems is appropriate for the particular sample being exam-ined. The test protocol should be terminated at the point that asample fails to meet any of the key criteria, i.e., “pressed”, “tough-ened”, or “specially tempered.”

Evaluation for Determination if an Article has been Pressed

3.1 Macroscopic Analysis

3.1.1 Visual Inspection:

Inspect the sample for the following:

• identifying marks, labels, sizes, etc., especially those that mayhave been caused by a push-up valve and a mold that have beenpressed into the article;

• the style (stemware, tumbler, bowl, plate, etc.);

• the presence of ribs, handles, flutes, etc.;

• the size of the rim or opening, if applicable;

• the size of the most bulbous portion of the article;

• any other unusual characteristics (e.g., chips, cracks)

Interpretation of Visual Inspection Results: Characteristics such asmold marks, ribs, handles, and flutes are often indicative of a pressedrather than blown glass article.

3.1.2 Dimensional Measurement (applies only to stemware,tumblers, bowls, etc.):

Using a caliper or similar device, measure the minimum diameterof the mouth, opening, or upper rim of the sample. With the samedevice, measure the maximum inside diameter. Record both mea-surements.

Interpretation of Dimensional Measurement Results: A samplehaving a maximum inside diameter greater than the minimum di-ameter of the mouth, opening, or upper rim is not likely to have been“pressed.”


Interpretation of the Macroscopic Analysis Test: The analyst isadvised to consider the overall features of the article and the dimen-sional analysis test results in determining that an article has been“pressed.” If the results show that the sample is not “pressed” thetesting sequence for this sample should be terminated at this point.

Evaluation for Determination if an Article has been Toughened (Spe-cially Tempered)

3.2 Thermal Shock Test:

• Heat the sample(s) in an oven to 160°C for 30 minutes.• Remove one sample from the oven and immediately immerse it

in a water bath set at 25°C. This results in a 135°C difference intemperature. [Note: Reasonable alternate oven and water bathsettings up to ± 10°C are acceptable as long as the 135°C difference intemperature is maintained.]

Interpretation of Thermal Shock Test Results: Annealed glasswareand inadequately or partially tempered glassware will generally notsurvive this test of durability or toughness. If breakage occurs, thesample is not “toughened” for CBP purposes. Record the findings,and terminate the analysis.

3.3 Evaluation of Temper:

3.3.1 The Polariscopic Examination (For Transparentor Translucent Articles):

This method for the qualitative evaluation of temper in glasswareshould be conducted only on transparent or translucent articles. Thismethod is not applicable to opaque items or to articles which havebeen tempered by a process other than thermal tempering. In addi-tion, some translucent articles will not transmit enough polarizedlight to permit the observation of stress patterns; these items shouldbe evaluated for temper using the Cutting Test.

• Place the full-wave retardation plate (tint plate) between thepolarizer and the analyzer. The polarized light must pass throughboth the sample and the retardation plate for the color-enhancedpolariscopic pattern to be observed through the analyzer. Position theretardation plate in direct contact with the polarizer or, alternatively,just in front of the analyzer.

• Turn on the light source.• Evaluate the stress in the bottom of the intact article by placing

its bottom surface in contact with the polarizer so that the polarizedlight passes perpendicularly through the bottom surface, or as closeto perpendicularly as possible, depending upon the article’s shape.


[This positioning does not work well with stemware because of colorpatterns caused by the stem itself. With these items, it will benecessary to hold the glass at a slight angle to view the base and thebowl separately.]

• Evaluate the stress in the sides of the intact article, especiallynear the rim or edge, by positioning the article so that the polarizedlight passes perpendicularly through the sides near the rim, or asclose to perpendicularly as possible, depending upon the article’sshape. Observation of the stress patterns in the sidewall and rimareas should be made while viewing through a single thickness ofglass. For some items, especially stemware, tumblers, and mugs, thiswill require holding the article at a slight angle to the polarizer (openend raised slightly).

Interpretation of the Polariscopic Examination: Thermal temper-ing of glassware involves heating to the softening point followed byrapid cooling. The surfaces cool first and reach a temperature wherethey become rigid. With further cooling, the interior or core tries toshrink but is prevented from doing so by the rigid surface layers. Thisresults in the surfaces being locked into a state of high compressionand the interior locked into compensating tension.

When polarized light travels through a stressed material, theydivide into slow and fast fronts. As a result of the difference in speedof the slow and fast rays, interferences occur and a pattern of colorsis observed. These colors can be used to evaluate the stresses in thearticle. As the stress increases, the observed color changes to reflectthe amount of stress. The color changes follow a rigorous sequence asthe stress-induced retardation, or distance between the fast and slowrays, increases. In low-stress areas, black and shades of gray areseen. Evaluation of low stress is simplified by using a color-enhancing retardation or tint plate which adds a shift of one fringeorder, or 565 nm, in the color pattern throughout the observed field.With the tint plate in place, even low and moderately stressed areaswill exhibit a contrasting color effect.

Annealed glassware will exhibit a uniform coloration of the polar-ized light passing through it; there will be essentially no change fromthe background. Tempered articles will exhibit non-uniform colora-tion of the polarized light on the bottom surface and sidewalls andbands of color parallel to the rim or lip. [Note: With highly coloredarticles, it may be helpful to conduct the polariscopic exam withoutthe tint plate. There will be no color enhancement, but the gray toblack interference patterns should be readily discernible in temperedarticles.]


If the sample passes the Thermal Shock Test and shows evidence offull-surface tempering (as opposed to rim-tempering or partial tem-pering) when examined polariscopically, the sample has been “tough-ened (specially tempered)” for CBP purposes.

3.3.2 The Cutting Test for Opaque Glassware

This test is applicable to opaque articles and to those translucentarticles which cannot be examined polariscopically because of inad-equate transmission of the polarized light.

• Ensure that the saw is equipped with a continuous rim diamondblade designed for wet cutting glass.

• Adjust the cutting head of the saw vertically and horizontally, asnecessary, to accommodate the glassware article.

• Be sure the water supply to both sides of the diamond-rimmedblade is adequate.

• Turn on the saw.• While holding or otherwise securing the article to prevent twist-

ing and binding during the cutting, slowly and gently move the articleinto contact with the blade.

• Proceed with the cutting.• Note the breakage pattern, number, and relative shape and size

of the fragments (indicate this without making an actual count).Photograph the breakage pattern and/or typical fragments, if indi-cated.

Interpretation of the Cutting Test: Annealed (non-tempered) glass-ware will readily accept the diamond-rimmed blade and will becleanly cut in half. Tempered glass, on the other hand, will break intopieces when cut. The broken pieces will need to exhibit some dicing,crazing (gravel remaining tenuously in contact with neighboringpieces) or graveling. “Some” will be considered to be any diced, crazedor graveled fragments yielded by the broken sample that is more thanjust a fugitive diced, crazed or graveled fragment. The word “gravel”is intended to be synonymous with “diced pieces” and implies thepresence of small cubes of roughly equal dimensions on all six sides.The extent of cutting needed to induce breakage may vary from itemto item, but in no event will tempered articles be cleanly cut in half bythe diamond-rimmed blade.

3.3.3 Center Punch Test:

In the event that the Cutting Test is inconclusive (i.e., if the samplebreaks into several large pieces when subjected to the cutting test) orif an article is too small (less than 5” in diameter) to be safely


analyzed by the Cutting Test, the analyst has the option to apply theCenter Punch Test to the article. The Center Punch Test should beperformed as follows:

• Set the sample to be tested on a solid, level surface.• Place an upended cardboard box over the item to be tested. The

box should be of sufficient size so that the entire article is covered.The box should be altered such that there is a hole in the center whichis large enough to admit the shank of a center punch.

• Place the pointed end of the center punch, vertically, against theinside center bottom or heel.

• Strike the dull end of the punch with a hammer, using blows ofgradually increasing severity, until breakage occurs.

• Note the breakage pattern, number, and relative shape and sizeof fragments (indicate this without making an actual count). Photo-graph the breakage pattern and/or typical fragments, if indicated.

Interpretation of Center Punch Test Results: In order to be consid-ered “tempered” for CBP purposes, it is only necessary for the brokensample to exhibit some dicing, crazing or graveling. “Some” will beconsidered to be any diced, crazed or graveled fragments yielded bythe broken sample that are more than just fugitive diced, crazed orgraveled fragments. The word “gravel” is intended to be synonymouswith “diced pieces” and implies the presence of small cubes of roughlyequal dimensions on all six sides.

“Toughened (specially tempered)” glassware will require consider-ably more force to break than ordinary glassware with the centerpunch test and, when it breaks, some graveling or crazing will beobserved. Neither graveling nor crazing will be observed in ordinaryglassware.

Powder and splinters will occasionally be observed in samples of“toughened (specially tempered)” glassware. Also, few, if any, of thesesamples will be reduced entirely to gravel; larger fragments willremain. However, these large fragments will seldom be exceptionallypointed or jagged and broken edges, especially on diced pieces, will bereasonably dull.

The stem and base of the stemware styles seldom disintegrate. Themost common breakage pattern for stemware is characterized by atack-shaped fragment consisting of the base and a portion of the stemremaining intact. The tip of the stem portion should be reasonablydull.

A sample that passes the Thermal Shock Test and shows evidenceof tempering per the guidance given above for the Cutting Test and/orCenter Punch Test has been “toughened (specially tempered)” forCBP’s tariff classification purposes.


Dated: September 9, 2010.IRA S. REESE,

Executive Director, Laboratories andScientific Services

U.S. Customs and Border Protection

[Published in the Federal Register, September 14, 2010 (75 FR 55811)]

◆

COPYRIGHT, TRADEMARK, AND TRADE NAMERECORDATIONS

(No. 2 2011)

AGENCY: U.S. Customs and Border Protection, Department ofHomeland Security.

SUMMARY: Presented herein are the copyrights, trademarks, andtrade names recorded with U.S. Customs and Border Protection dur-ing the month of February 2011. The last notice was published in theCUSTOMS BULLETIN on February 16, 2011.

Corrections or updates may be sent to: Department of HomelandSecurity, U.S. Customs and Border Protection, Office of Regulationsand Rulings, IPR Branch, 1300 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W., MailStop 1179, Washington, D.C. 20229–1179

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Delois Johnson,Paralegal, Intellectual Property Rights Branch, (202) 325–0088.

Dated: March 1, 2011CHARLES R. STEUART

Chief,Intellectual Property Rights & Restricted

Merchandise Branch


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AGENCY INFORMATION COLLECTION ACTIVITIES:

Declaration of Unaccompanied Articles

AGENCY: U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP), Departmentof Homeland Security

ACTION: 60-Day Notice and request for comments; Extension of anexisting collection of information: 1651–0030.

SUMMARY: As part of its continuing effort to reduce paperwork andrespondent burden, CBP invites the general public and other Federalagencies to comment on an information collection requirement con-cerning the Declaration of Unaccompanied Articles (CBP Form 255).This request for comment is being made pursuant to the PaperworkReduction Act of 1995 (Public Law 104–13).

DATES: Written comments should be received on or before May 2,2011, to be assured of consideration.

ADDRESSES: Direct all written comments to U.S. Customs andBorder Protection, Attn: Tracey Denning, Regulations and Rulings,Office of International Trade, 799 9th Street, NW, 5th Floor,Washington, DC. 20229–1177.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Requests foradditional information should be directed to Tracey Denning, U.S.Customs and Border Protection, Regulations and Rulings, Office ofInternational Trade, 799 9th Street, NW, 5th Floor, Washington, DC.20229–1177, at 202–325–0265.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: CBP invites the generalpublic and other Federal agencies to comment on proposed and/orcontinuing information collections pursuant to the PaperworkReduction Act of 1995 (Public Law 104–13). The comments shouldaddress: (a) whether the collection of information is necessary forthe proper performance of the functions of the agency, includingwhether the information shall have practical utility; (b) theaccuracy of the agency’s estimates of the burden of the collection ofinformation; (c) ways to enhance the quality, utility, and clarity ofthe information to be collected; (d) ways to minimize the burdenincluding the use of automated collection techniques or the use ofother forms of information technology; and (e) the annual costsburden to respondents or record keepers from the collection ofinformation (a total capital/startup costs and operations andmaintenance costs). The comments that are submitted will besummarized and included in the CBP request for Office of


Management and Budget (OMB) approval. All comments willbecome a matter of public record. In this document CBP issoliciting comments concerning the following information collection:

Title: Declaration of Unaccompanied ArticlesOMB Number: 1651–0030Form Number: CBP Form 255Abstract: CBP Form 255 is completed by travelers arriving inthe United States with a parcel or container which is to be sentfrom an insular possession at a later date. It is the only meanswhereby the CBP officer, when the person arrives, can apply theexemptions or 5 percent flat rate of duty to all of the traveler’spurchases.A person purchasing articles in American Samoa, Guam, the Com-

monwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, or the Virgin Islands ofthe United States receives a sales slip, invoice, or other evidence ofpurchase which is presented to the CBP officer along with the CBPForm 255, which is prepared in triplicate. The CBP officer verifies theinformation, indicates on the form whether the article or articles werefree of duty, or dutiable at the flat rate and validates the form. Twocopies of the form are returned to the traveler, who sends one form tothe vendor. Upon receipt of the form the vendor places it in anenvelope, affixed to the outside of the package, and clearly marks thepackage “Unaccompanied Tourist Shipment,” and sends the packageto the traveler, generally via mail, although it could be sent by othermeans. If sent through the mail, the package would be examined byCBP and forwarded to the Postal Service for delivery. Any duties duewould be collected by the mail carrier. If the shipment arrives bymeans other than through the mail, the traveler would be notified bythe carrier when the article arrives. Entry would be made by thecarrier or the traveler at the customhouse. Any duties due would becollected at that time.

CBP Form 255 is authorized by Sections 202 & 203 of Public Law95–410 and provided for 19 CFR 148.110, 148.113, 148.114, 148.115and 148.116. A sample of this form may be viewed athttp://forms.cbp.gov/pdf/CBP_Form_255.pdf.

Current Actions: This submission is being made to extend theexpiration date of this information collection with no change to theburden hours or to the information being collected.Type of Review: Extension (without change)Affected Public: Businesses, IndividualsEstimated Number of Respondents: 7,500Estimated Number of Responses: 15,000


Estimated Time per Response: 5 minutesEstimated Total Annual Burden Hours: 1,250

Dated: February 24, 2011TRACEY DENNING

Agency Clearance OfficerU.S. Customs and Border Protection

[Published in the Federal Register, March 1, 2011 (76 FR 11254)]

◆

AGENCY INFORMATION COLLECTION ACTIVITIES:

Application to Pay Off or Discharge an Alien Crewman

AGENCY: U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP), Departmentof Homeland Security

ACTION: 60-Day Notice and request for comments; Extension of anexisting collection of information: 1651–0106.

SUMMARY: As part of its continuing effort to reduce paperwork andrespondent burden, CBP invites the general public and other Federalagencies to comment on an information collection requirement con-cerning the Application to Pay Off or Discharge an Alien Crewman(Form I-408). This request for comment is being made pursuant to thePaperwork Reduction Act of 1995 (Public Law 104–13).

DATES: Written comments should be received on or before April29, 2011, to be assured of consideration.

ADDRESSES: Direct all written comments to U.S. Customs andBorder Protection, Attn: Tracey Denning, Regulations and Rulings,Office of International Trade, 799 9th Street, NW, 5th Floor,Washington, DC. 20229–1177.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Requests foradditional information should be directed to Tracey Denning, U.S.Customs and Border Protection, Regulations and Rulings, Office ofInternational Trade, 799 9th Street, NW, 5th Floor, Washington, DC.20229–1177, at 202–325–0265.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: CBP invites the generalpublic and other Federal agencies to comment on proposed and/orcontinuing information collections pursuant to the PaperworkReduction Act of 1995 (Public Law 104–13). The comments shouldaddress: (a) whether the collection of information is necessary forthe proper performance of the functions of the agency, includingwhether the information shall have practical utility; (b) the


accuracy of the agency’s estimates of the burden of the collection ofinformation; (c) ways to enhance the quality, utility, and clarity ofthe information to be collected; (d) ways to minimize the burdenincluding the use of automated collection techniques or the use ofother forms of information technology; and (e) the annual costsburden to respondents or record keepers from the collection ofinformation (a total capital/startup costs and operations andmaintenance costs). The comments that are submitted will besummarized and included in the CBP request for Office ofManagement and Budget (OMB) approval. All comments willbecome a matter of public record. In this document CBP issoliciting comments concerning the following information collection:

Title: Application to Pay Off or Discharge an Alien CrewmanOMB Number: 1651–0106Form Number: I-408Abstract: CBP Form I-408, Application to Pay Off or Dischargean Alien Crewman, is used as an application by the owner, agent,consignee, charterer, master, or commanding officer of any vesselor aircraft arriving in the United States to obtain permissionfrom the Secretary of the Department of Homeland Security topay off or discharge an alien crewman. The form is submitted tothe CBP officer having jurisdiction over the area in which thevessel or aircraft is located at the time of application. This formis authorized by Section 256 of the Immigration and NationalityAct (8 U.S.C. 1286) and provided for 8 CFR 252.1(h). CBP FormI-408 is accessible at: http://forms.cbp.gov/pdf/CBP_Form_I408.pdf.Current Actions: CBP proposes to extend the expiration date ofthis information collection with no change to the burden hours orto the information being collected.Type of Review: Extension (without change)Affected Public: BusinessesEstimated Number of Respondents: 85,000Estimated Time per Respondent: 25 minutesEstimated Total Annual Burden Hours: 35,360

Dated: February 23, 2011TRACEY DENNING

Agency Clearance OfficerU.S. Customs and Border Protection

[Published in the Federal Register, February 28, 2011 (76 FR 10913)]


u.s. customs and border protection · glassware as set forth in t.d. 94–26 and solicited public...

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