us history 1301 ch. 1 native america

7/22/2019 US History 1301 Ch. 1 Native America

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Native America

Objectives

Where did Native American's come from?

What did they eat? How did nomadic groups become centralized?

Were these comple or simple societies?

What was the !olumbian "change?


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#eringia

$%& ( )& years ago

*aleo+,ndians hunting giant mammalsie: mammoths, large horned bison, muskox, large antelope, caribou, and horses

"arth warmed& land bridge disappearedisolating the *aleo+,ndians who crossed

#eringia


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-igration . "tinction

/ollowed animals into North and 0outhAmerica1

2 #1!1 -any of the larger animals begin togo etinct

Overhunting

!limate !hange

0ome sort of natural catastrophe


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Agricultural 3evolution % #1!1 Horticulture developed in !entral

-eico

!orn& #eans& 04uash& *otatoes

5omesticated tur6eys and dogs

-ore reliable food source stabilized society

*rotected crops

Allowed for larger populations

*ermitted greater diversification andspecialization

3ise of great ,ndian cultures of Americas


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Advantages75isadvantages

Advantages

!ontrollable food supply

/ood surplus 8cities& specialization of labor9

5isadvantages

3adically change environment

/arming is hard 8slavery& ine4uality9


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Herding

5omesticate animals and herd them around

Have to move a lot 8no cities9

:he Americas have few usefuldomesticateable animals

5ogs& tur6eys& llamas

-ost animals just don't wor6 for domestication


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;seful Animals :hrive


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Olmecs

$)+% #1!1

#uilt large temple mounds faced with stone

5evised irrigation systems ,ncredible craftsmanship

!arved huge heads from bloc6s of basalt


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-ayans

%+


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Aztec

#uilt massive cities !apital of :enochtitlan 8present day -eico

!ity9 had )%& people

"mpire held si million people

>overnments and bureaucracies


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"astern Woodland !ulture

North American ,ndians never reached heightsof southern counterparts and advance muchslower1

ess intense horticulture !learing land of trees difficult

!ould only support limited population

Often had to move towns every ) yearsdue to soil ehaustion


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:he !olumbian "change

5ramatically widespread echange of animals&plants& culture& human populations 8includingslaves9& communicable disease& and ideas

between the Old and New World :rade

:echnology@ guns& tools& 6nives

!rops@ corn& potatoes& tomatoes Horses& sheep& pigs& cattle


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Apocalypse@ !olumbian "change

2 to 2% of population wiped out

How?

0lavery 0ocietal destruction

5,0"A0"


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0ummary

$1 #erengia

)1 Agricultural 3evolution

B1 !omple societies C1 !olumbian "change

us history 1301 ch. 1 native america

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