us history note page 14 early industry. major east – west highway that reached from maryland to...
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US HistoryNote Page 14
Early Industry
Major East – West Highwaythat reached from Maryland to Wheeling,
(West) Virginia
National Road:
Connected the Hudson River to Lake ErieInternal markets have route to Atlantic
Ocean
Erie Canal:
Made river travel safe & quicker1807 - Robert Fulton - ‘Clermont’
Steamboats:
Video Clip
America: Story of US
Clip on Steamboat and Erie Canal
Skip the first 60 seconds / its about the Trail of Tears…
Trains faster than wagons & go wherever track is laid - “The Iron Horse”
1830 Peter Cooper builds ‘Tom Thumb’
Railroads:
First American locomotive “Tom Thumb” 10 mph!
From hand tools to large / complex machines
From artisans to “task” workersFactories replaced home-based workers
Manufacturing:
Industrial Revolution first
started in Britain.
The United States quickly became Second!We stole the plans…… Thank Samuel Slater.
Reasons for success:1. Lots of available cheap labor.2. Abundant natural resources.3. Fast moving rivers.4. Free Enterprise System!
America took a huge step forward when Francis C. Lowell opened
several mills in NE Massachusetts in 1814.
He introduced idea of mass producing cotton cloth in the US with his Boston Manufacturing
Company. Of course he mostly hired women and children. . .
1832 Samuel F.B. Morse Electronic Messages over long distances
Telegraph:
Created by Samuel Morse in 1832, the first long distance line between D.C. and Baltimore was
up by 1844.
By 1860, there was 50,000 miles of wire to fill the demands of
businessmen and journalists…..
Concept created by Eli WhitneyTransformed one by one process into
factory processExample: Gun Making
Interchangeable Parts:
Labor Unions – Joining together to help improve working conditions in factories
Strikes – work stoppage to force improvements
Workers Organize:
Factory conditions in the 1800’s were dark, dangerous, noisy and very dirty. Most workers simply
demanded safer working conditions and a 10 hour work day. Early
unions made small gains. In 1842, Massachusetts Supreme Court rule
that union strikes were legal….
Women and children
made up the bulk of factory workers
because they got less than half the pay of a man…
Video Clips:
US History Crash Course
The Market Revolution
Early Locomotives:One Hundred Years of Railroad Development
US HistoryNote Page 14
Early Industry
The End