usability of different types of commercial selfie sticks · selfie sticks •becoming increasingly...
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AhmedSabbirArifUniversityofCalifornia,Merced
Merced,CA,[email protected]
SunjunKimSchoolofComputing,KAISTDaejeon,RepublicofKorea
GeehyukLeeSchoolofComputing,KAISTDaejeon,RepublicofKorea
UsabilityofDifferentTypesofCommercialSelfieSticks
SelfieSticks
• Becomingincreasinglypopular• 95%ofU.S.18-34year-oldshavetakenaselfie• 27%haveusedaselfiestick
• Oftenphysicallydemanding• Carryingaroundacameraattachedmonopod• Adjustingtheangle• Balancingtherodwithonehandforanintendedview
• Humanfactorsmustbeconsidered• Noresearchonusabilityofcommercialselfiesticks
http://lecoindemel.com2
PhysiologicalChallenges
Asecond-classlever Athird-classlever Aportraitorientationgrip(i.e.,whenthesmartphoneisinaportraitposition)
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CommercialSelfieSticks
• InformalsurveyofAlibaba,Amazon,eBay• Collectedallitemslistedas“selfiestick”• Dividedtheninto“inexpensive”,“affordable”,“expensive”priceranges
• Basedonthecheapestandthepriciestitemsonthelist• Pickedthe10mostsolditemsfromeachpricerange
• 3maintypesofselfiesticks
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CommercialSelfieSticks:Results
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ASurvey
• Voluntaryparticipantsrecruitedfromsocialmedia(twitter,facebook)• Asemi-structuredquestionnaire• Demographic• Selfiestickusage(type,frequencyofuse,etc.)• Subjectiveopinion(pros,cons,considerations,etc.)• Ergonomics(fatigue-relatedquestions)
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Result:Participantsdemographics
96%SouthKorean
Female:37%|Male:63%
105 8
105outof113haveusedaselfiestick
Avg.24.9yearsold(SD=4.4)
15 4224.9
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Result:typeofselfiestickusage
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Result:importance
Q:Howimportantisyourselfiesticktoyouasagadget?(1:lessimportant/5:mostimportant)
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Aonly
Bonly
Conly
Multiple
1 2 3 4 5
*
*0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Freq
uency
*Sticktypevs.importance
Those who buy cheaper sticks (A type) thinks a selfie stick less important
* : p < 0.05** : p < 0.01
*** : p < 0.001
*Gendervs.importance
0 1 2 3
Male
Female
AverageImportance(errorbar=S.E.)
Female tends to think a selfie stick more important than male (marginal, p=.09)
People thinks selfie stick is not an important gadget.
Avg.=2.49
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Result:usagepattern
<6m
44%
0.5- 1y32%
1- 2y23%
>2y
1%
Q:Howlonghave(orhad)youusedyourselfiestick(s)?
Whenplanningon
takingsubsequentpictures65%
Iputitaway(i.e.,inabag)rightaftertakingapicture31%
Never3%
etc
1%
Q:Whenyoucarryyourselfiestick,howoftendoyoucarryyourselfiestickinhand?
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Result:upgradewillingness
Q:Wouldyouliketoupgradetoabetterselfiestick?
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
No
Maybe
Yes
1 2 3 4 5
Yes34%
No
46%
Maybe20%
*Upgradewillingnessvs.importance
***
* : p < 0.05** : p < 0.01
*** : p < 0.001
There are more demands for upgrading a selfie stick as they think their selfie sticks more important.
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Result:usagefrequency
Q:Howfrequentlydoyouuseyourselfiestick?
3%
10%
10%
72%
2% 3%
Everyday
Onceaweek
Severalamonth
Onceamonth
Rarely
Never
etc
*Usagefrequencyvs.importance
Perceived importance of the devices increase with usage frequency
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Subjectivequestion:liked
Q:Whatdoyoulikethemostaboutyourselfiestick?
1. Abilitytotakepicturesandvideoswithwiderbackgroundsandlandscapes(68.6%),2. Abilitytotakeself-portraitswithouttheassistanceoftheothers(27.6%),3. Abilitytotakegrouppictureswithease(26.7%)4. Abilitytoenhancethecompositionandaesthetics(21%).
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Subjectivequestion:disliked
Q:Whatdoyouhatethemostaboutyourselfiestick?
1. Thedevicesareheavyandbulky(55.2%),2. Thepreparationinvolvedwithusingaselfiestick,suchasmountingthephoneandexpandingtherod(12.4%)3. Thedevicesarenotdurable(9.5%)
Therodisoftenconspicuoustoothers(9.5%)Thefearofaccidentallydroppingthesmartphoneorcamera(9.5%).
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Subjectivequestion:desiredimprovement
Q:Ifyoucouldchangeonethingaboutyourselfiestick,whatwoulditbe?
1. Volume andweight,i.e.,wouldmakethemsmaller,thinner,andlighter(36%)2. Holderdesign,i.e.,moredurableandfirmholder (12.4%)3. Connectionmethod,i.e.,AàB,BàC,CàB(12.4%)4. MoreDurablestick(9.5%)5. Longerrodlength(5.7%)6. Better(shake-resistant)button(5.7%)
Q:Whatisthe‘one’thingyouwouldconsiderinyournextselfiestickpurchase?
1. Price(27.6%)2. Portability(21.9%)3. Durability(21%)4. Solidholder(18.1%)5. Functionality(14.3%)6. Convenience,i.e.,easytopressashutterbutton(11.4%)
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Physicalstress:fatigue
Q:Doyoufeelanydiscomfortusingtheselfiestick?
Yes,72.9% No,12.1% Uncertain,15.0%
Forearm(45%)
Hand(44%)
Fingers(33%)
Shoulder(23%)
Upperarm(19%)
Wrist(9%)
Neck(3%)
Mental(2.8%)𝐹𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑔𝑢𝑒𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒(𝐹𝑆)
= 1(𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑡𝐵𝑜𝑑𝑦𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑠)�
�
Effectof…• FrequencyonFatigue:n.s.(p=.52)• Gender onFatigue:marginal(p=.052)
0 1 2 3
Male
Female
AverageFatigueScore(errorbar=S.E.)
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Summary
• Mostusedselfiesticksoccasionally• Aweak relationshipbetweenusagefrequency andimportance• Usersthatfoundselfiesticksimportant
• Onaveragefemale foundmoreimportantthanmale(notsignificant,p=.09)• Arelikely toupgradetobetter/smarterselfiesticks
• Usersthatfoundselfiesticksunimportant• Settledforcheaper selfiesticks• Notinterestedinupgrades
• Causedshort-termfatigueinallmajorarmandshouldermuscles• Theextentsuggests,couldturnintochronic overthetimeandwithextensiveuse• Onaveragefemale reported29%higherfatiguethanmale(notsignificant,p=.052)
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Recommendationsforreducingfatigue
• Useashorterarmifpossible• Addcounterweighttothehandle,e.g.sword’spommel• Mayincreasefatigueduetothethird-classlever
• Uselightweightmaterialsforthelongrod,e.g.,carbonfibercomposite
• Usewidehandlemade/coveredwithanti-skidmaterials• Automaterepetitivefeatures,e.g.,angleadjustment• Requiresadditionalhardware&sensors,increasingtheprice• Sinceaffordabilityisoneofthemostdesiredfactors(25%),itisimportanttomaintainabalancebetweenthefunctionality andthecost
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Limitations&FutureWork
• Fatigueswereself-reported• 96%participantswerefromtheRepublicofKorea• Afuturestudywillbroadenparticipantpool
• Insufficientdatatostudyeffectsoffrequency&genderonfatigue• Afuturestudywillincreasesamplesize
• Insufficientdatatostudylong-termeffects• 95%providedcontactinfoforafuturestudytofindout
• Iftheycontinuedusingtheirselfiesticks• Upgraded/downgradedtodifferentselfiesticks• Long-termeffectsoftheselfiesticks
• Standardizationofselfiestick(minimalrequirements)
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Rawdataisnowavailable!
• Findtheanonymizedresultdataat:
http://kuaa.net/publications/2017-SelfieStick-SurveyResult_release.csv(orsimplyvisithttp://kuaa.net)
• Weappreciateyouradditionalanalysisonthedata.
• Thankyouforlistening!
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