users personalizingr3 user defaults
TRANSCRIPT
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Chapter 1: Transaction Variants
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User Defaults
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User Defaults
Copyright Page
ii 1998 SAP AG, Inc.
P E R S O N A LI Z I N G R / 3
8VHU'HIDXOWV
Chapter 5: User Defaults
Copyright Page
1998 includ ing screen shots by SAP AG. All rights reserved .
Neither this documentation nor any p art of it may be copied or reprodu ced in any form or by any means or
translated into an other languag e, without the p rior consent of SAP AG.
SAP AG m akes no w arran ties or representations with r espect to the content hereof and specificallydisclaims any implied w arranties of merchantability or fitness for an y p articular p urp ose. SAP AGassum es no responsibility for any errors that m ay ap pear in this documen t. The information contained inthis docum ent is subject to change withou t notice. SAP AG reserves the r ight to make any such changeswithou t obligation to notify any p erson of such revision or changes. SAP AG m akes no comm itment tokeep the information contained herein up to date.
SAP is a registered trad emark of SAP AG.
All other produ cts mentioned in this docum entation are registered or u nregistered trad emarks of their
respective companies.
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User Defaults
Table of Contents
1998 SAP AG, Inc. ii
Table of Contents
7DEOHRI&RQWHQWV
List of Figures................................................................................................................................................................................................... i
List of Tables.................................................................................................................................................................................................... iv
Terminology.......................................................................................................................................................................................................vClick........................................................................................................................................................................................................... vChoose ......................................................................................................................................................................................................vUser Steps and Font Styles.......................................................................................................................................................................vSpecial Icons ............................................................................................................................................................................................ v
Chapter 1: About R/3 Personalization..............................................................................................................................................................1
Overview ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................1
Features ............................................................................................................................................................................................................1
Chapter 2: User Defaults...................................................................................................................................................................................3
Overview ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................3Other User Definable Options ..................................................................................................................................................................3
Changing User Defaults ....................................................................................................................................................................................5General Procedure ....................................................................................................................................................................................5Changing Specific Fields...........................................................................................................................................................................7Start Menu.................................................................................................................................................................................................7Login Language.......................................................................................................................................................................................10Output Device..........................................................................................................................................................................................10Print ControllerOptions ...........................................................................................................................................................................11Date FormatOptions ...............................................................................................................................................................................11Decimal NotationOptions........................................................................................................................................................................12
Glossary ..........................................................................................................................................................................................................13
Index................................................................................................................................................................................................................19
List of Figures
SAP R./3 Menu..........................................................................................................................................................................................................5
Maintain User Defaults, After Saving ........................................................................................................................................................................6
SAP R/3 System........................................................................................................................................................................................................7
Sales Screen.............................................................................................................................................................................................................8
System Status Screen...............................................................................................................................................................................................8Sales Screen.............................................................................................................................................................................................................9
Maintain User Defaults Screen..................................................................................................................................................................................9
SAP R/3 Screen ......................................................................................................................................................................................................10
Maintain User Defaults Screen................................................................................................................................................................................10
Output Device Screen .............................................................................................................................................................................................11
Maintain User Defaults............................................................................................................................................................................................11
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List of Tables
iv 1998 SAP AG, Inc.
List of Tables
Date Format Options....................................................................................................................................................... 12Decimal Notation Options ............................................................................................................................................... 12
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Terminology
1998 SAP AG, Inc. v
Terminology
The following is an explanation of the terms u sed throu ghou t this guide:
Click
When you see Click, use the m ouse to point an d press the left mou se button. For examp le:1. ClickStartup.
The phrase ClickStartup is
asking you to u se your left
mou se button to click the Startup
button.
Choose
When you see the word Choose, move the cursor to the menu at the top of the window in which you are
working. Use your m ouse to select the menu item, and then select the sub-menu item.
1. Choose File
Save.
User Steps and Font Styles
The steps that require user inpu t, meaning an action or text to be entered w ith your keyboard
into a field or at a comm and p romp t, are numbered and indicated with bold, courier font.
Object sty le is italicized text that ind icates tha t the w ord is an on-screen object, such as a bu tton or field, or
any other noun such as a book, operating system, or software app lication. For examp le:
Click here 1
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Terminology
vi 1998 SAP AG, Inc.
1. Enter sap* in the
Userfield.
2. Click Parameters.
This w ill allowyou to enter
parameters for
the search.
In the above example, the first step is numbered to show the text you need to enter in the User Inputfield.
Useris italicized because it refers to an on-screen field .
The next step is also num bered to let you know that another action is required. Parameters is italicized
because it refers to an on-screen bu tton. The text und er the nu mbered step p rovides add itional information
on that step.
Special Icons
Throughout this guide, you will see special icons indicating the presence of important messages. Each icon
and a brief description is provided :
You sh ould exercise caution w hen performing this task or step.
Explanations of why you shou ld be cautious w ill be included .
This information h elps you un derstand the top ic in detail. It is not necessary
to know this information to perform the d ata transfer.
Helpful hints or shortcuts to make you r w ork faster or easier.
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About R/3 Personalization
Overview
1998 SAP AG, Inc. 1
Chapter 1: About R/3 Personalization
Contents
Overview ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................1
Features ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................3
Overview
Personalizing R/ 3 enables you to provide the R/ 3 experience preferred by your u ser comm un ity. In this
docum ent, we walk you through th e personalization features and p rovide tips on how to effectively use
them w ith your 3.1 R/ 3 imp lementation. The features listed in this document d o not require any expensivecode modification.
Features
Here is a quick overview of the various personalization features available in R/ 3.
Globals: Globals in R/ 3 enable you to p re-fill fields that often hav e single default values that ap ply across
your entire R/ 3 imp lementation. Using Globals, you can d efine default values for all modu le program
instances of fields th at belong to a p re-defined list of R/ 3 Data Dictionary Domain.
User Parameters: User param eters sup ply defaults to R/ 3 fields of a par ticular user.
User Defaults: Using user defaults you can specify user-preferred characteristics such a s pr inter, curr ency
format, date format, etc.
Parameter Transactions: Param eter transactions enable you to d efine defaults for the initial screen of any
transaction in R/ 3. Optionally, you can also hide the initial screen su ch that th e user can directly navigate
to the details.
Transaction Variants: Using transaction var iants, you can create transaction var iants (or variant
transactions) that p rovide u sers with tran sactions containing just the fields and screens that are ap plicable
for your R/ 3 implementation.
Master Data: The R/ 3 Imp lementation Guide provides transactions that enable you to define the group of
fields/ data that you wan t to collect regard ing master entities such as Vendor, Customer, Material, etc of
your bu siness enterprise.
Area Menu: Area menu in R/ 3 enables you to create an entirely your own R/ 3 view includ ing just the
functionality imp lemented at you r installation or app licable for a specific workgrou p.
User Menu: Via user m enu, the R/ 3 users can create their own p ersonal view of R/ 3 includ ing just the
activities/ transactions that are relevant for the work they p erform.
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About R/3 Personalization
Features
2 1998 SAP AG, Inc.
SA P Shortcuts:Using SAP Shortcuts, you can prov ide the u sers with d irect access to the transactions and
reports that ar e relevant for them u sing icons or links in their docum ent or web p ages.
Application A rea: There are number of application area specific personalization transactions that let you
pick and choose the fields and screens you wan t the area specific transactions to d isplay. These
transactions are included as part of the R/ 3 Implementation Guide.
R/3 Report Navigator: The R/ 3 Report N avigator provides a comp rehensive listing of all the operational
reports ava ilable in the standard release of R/ 3. It also provid es information on m ost of the listed rep orts.
Using the features d elivered as p art of R/ 3 Report N avigator, you can p ersonalize the report listing or the
report info sheets with information tha t is just relevant for you r u sers.
Reports: R/ 3 delivers num ber of canned reports tha t pu ll transactional information. Most of these reports
prov ide mechanisms through w hich you can specify the fields to be u sed in the selection p rocess or
output/ displayed on the report.
Extended Help: The information d elivered with R/ 3 for the fields an d transactions may not be exactly the
information you wan t to provide for your users. Using the ann otation mechanism and sup plements to the
field help, you can include the imp lementation sp ecific information that could be u seful for your users.
Before proceeding...
In this guide, we p rovide instructions on how you can effectively make use of user d efaults.
Report Navigator is an add -on d eliverable you can obtain for your R/ 3 imp lementation
SAP Shortcuts is part of the stand ard 4.0c deliverable. We are planning to p rovide 3.0D and
above u sers with 4.0c SAPGUI upd ate such that th ey can make u se of this feature.
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User Defaults
Overview
1998 SAP AG, Inc. 3
Chapter 2: User Defaults
ContentsOverview ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................3
Other User Definable Options ..................................................................................................................................................................3
Changing User Defaults ....................................................................................................................................................................................5General Procedure ....................................................................................................................................................................................5Changing Specific Fields...........................................................................................................................................................................7Start Menu.................................................................................................................................................................................................7Login Language.......................................................................................................................................................................................10Output Device..........................................................................................................................................................................................10Print ControllerOptions ...........................................................................................................................................................................11Date FormatOptions ...............................................................................................................................................................................11Decimal NotationOptions........................................................................................................................................................................12
Overview
You can set the following d efaults:
The default printer for the user
The spool control
A function (menu n ame) wh ich is automatically started wh en the u ser logs on.
The format for da tes and d ecimals
The default system language at logon. The user can how ever choose another language on the logon
screen
Before proceeding... You can only enter u ser defaults if a u ser master r ecord already exists.
You m ust logon in as an au thorized u ser, as opp osed to logging in as a gu est.
User defaults are established for the current client. Make sure that you are logged in to the
correct client before changing your user defaults.
Other User Definable Options
Besides u ser d efaults, you can d efine the following user options.
User Menu
If you choose System User profileStart User menu, you can define an ind ividual menu for a
users most frequently used functions. If you w ish to d o this, you mu st be logged on as the
user for w hom you w ant to define the menu.
The system d isplays the u ser menu autom atically wh en the u ser logs on, although you can also
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User Defaults
Overview
4 1998 SAP AG, Inc.
call it from the m enu by selecting System User profileUser menu. See User Menus for
procedu res on creating user menus.
User Address
Choose System User profileUser address to access the ad dress maintenance screen.
The entries in th is section are docum entary at present.
Add itional data on the ad dress maintenance screen are explained br iefly below. Further
information is available via F1.
Langu age: Enter th e single-letter langu age key for the user s desired lan gu age. The
language key is defined in th e SAP System an d can be displayed by p ressing F4 This is
only for informa tion. The effective langu age selection takes place elsewhere.
Departm ent: If necessary enter the system nam e of the users d epartm ent.
Cost Center : Enter the system code for the u sers cost center.
User Parameters
User pa rameters su pp ly defaults to R/ 3 fields. If a field is ind icated, the system autom atically
fills in d efault value. Depend ing on th e field d efinition, the entry can also be replaced w ith a
value entered by the user.
The two inp ut fields on the p aram eter maintenan ce screen are described briefly below.
PID: Enter the parameter ID for wh ich you wan t to d efine a d efault value. You can d isplay
all of the p aram eter IDs defined in the system by pressing F4.
Param eter value: Enter the default value for the p aram eter.
See User Parameters for more information on changing user parameters.
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User Defaults
Changing User Defaults
1998 SAP AG, Inc. 5
Changing User Defaults
General Procedure
1. Choose SystemUser profileUser
defaults in the SAP R/3 screen.
SAP R./3 Screen
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Changing User Defaults
6 1998 SAP AG, Inc.
TheMaintain User Defaults screen
appears.
2. Useris grayed out ind icating that
it is a read -only field
3. Make changes in the followingfields
Start menu
Login language
Output device
Start Men u ,Login Language, an d
Ou tpu t Device sections in this
chapter.
4. If you choose to, d eselect the Print
Controlleroptions.
5. Select aDate formatoption.
6. Select aDecimal notation option.
7. Leave the CATToption selected.
8. ClickSave.
9. A values for user JILACQUA saved
message will app ear at the bottom
of the screen.
10.ClickBackto return to the SAP R/3
System screen.
Maintain User Defaults, After Saving
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Changing User Defaults
1998 SAP AG, Inc. 7
Changing Specific Fields
Start Menu
A u ser-defined initial menu can be set here, wh ich w ill be displayed autom atically as of the n ext logon.
You can only enter SAP Area m enus, not tran sactions or reports
Example
To save the sales menu as the initial start menu :
1. Choose
LogisticsSales/distributionSales.
SAP R/3 System
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Changing User Defaults
8 1998 SAP AG, Inc.
2. The Sales screen app ears.
3. ClickSystemStatus.
Sales Screen
4. The System: Status screen app ears.
5. The transaction code app ears
under Transaction .
6. The transaction cod e for the Sales
screen is VA00.
7. Close the System: Status screen to
return to the Sales screen.
System Status Screen
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3
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5
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Changing User Defaults
1998 SAP AG, Inc. 9
8. Choose SystemUser profileUser
defaults.
Sales Screen
9. EnterVA00 in Start Menu.
10.ClickSave.
11.ClickBackto return to the Salesmenu.
Maintain User Defaults Screen
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Changing User Defaults
10 1998 SAP AG, Inc.
To test:
12.Log out of SAP R/ 3 and then login
again.
13.Make sure that you are in the
same client that you created theuser d efaults in.
14.Type in your u ser name and
password.
The Sales menu will appear.
SAP R/3 Screen
Login Language
The login language is the langu age in wh ich the SAP R/ 3 interface and docum entation are displayed. If
you w ish to set the login language, type in E for English or D for German .
Output Device
To change the outp ut d evice in the SAP spool system:
1. Position your cursor in OutputDevice.
2. Clickpossible entries.
Maintain User Defaults Screen
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1998 SAP AG, Inc. 11
3. The Output device list app ears.
4. Double-click on DCBX in Dest.
Output Device Screen
TheMaintain User: Defaults screen
reappears.
DCBX is now selected as the ou tpu t
device.
5. ClickSave to save the change.
Maintain User Defaults
Print ControllerOptions
Print Immediately Option
Select Print immediately to print you r spool request immed iately. Leave this field blank to retain spool
requests in the spool system un til they are released.
Delete After Output Option
SelectDelete after output to d elete spool requests immed iately after p rinting.
Leave this field blank to keep sp ool requests in th e spool system. You can th en p rint this request again if
required . The system au tomatically d eletes these requests after the expiration date.
Date FormatOptions
Date forma t options control how d ates are displayed in the SAP R/ 3 system.
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Changing User Defaults
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The table below u ses Janu ary 1, 1998 as the examp le for illustr ating d ate formats.
Option Example
DD.MM.YYYY 01.01.1998
MM/ DD/ YYYY 01/ 01/ 1998
MM-DD-YYYY 01-01-1998
YYYY.MM.DD 1998.01.01
YYYY/ MM/ DD 1998/ 01/ 01
Date Format Options
Decimal NotationOptions
Decimal notation options control how nu mbers are displayed in the SAP R/ 3 system.
Option Example
Comma 3,14
Period 3.14
Decimal Notation Options
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Glossary
1998 SAP AG, Inc. 13
Transaction Variants
Glossary
Term Definit ion
ABAP/4 Interpretative, platform-ind epend ent, fourth -
generation language tailored to d evelop bu siness
app lications. The langu age sup ports structured
programm ing and contains elements necessary to
call external relational databases throu gh open SQL
calls or d atabase-specific native SQL calls. The
developer is not required to know the und erlying
infrastructure.
ABAP/4
Dev elopment
Workbench
The ABAP/ 4 Developm ent Workbench provides a
comp lete client/ server ru ntime environment and
extensive managemen t and tuning tools. The
Workbench is SAPs integrated tool-set to develop
enterprise-wide client/ server app lications. This
toolset is par ticularly suited to R/ 3 customers w ho
want to enhance standard R/ 3 business applications
with customized , add -on functionality.
The major comp onents of the ABAP/ 4
Developm ent Workbench includ e:
ABAP/ 4 Programming Language
ABAP/ 4 Dictionary
ABAP/ 4 Editor
ABAP/ 4 Fun ction Library
Data Modeler
R/ 3 Repository
Test Tool, Screen Painter
Menu Painter, Workbench Organizer/ Transport
System
R/ 3 Repository Information System
The Workbench is also available to compan ies who
are not R/ 3 users, but wan t the benefits of SAPs
proven d evelopm ent environment for their software
projects.
CATT Comp uter Aid ed Test Tool.
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Glossary
14 1998 SAP AG, Inc.
Term Definition
Univer sal SAP test tool.
The Comp uter Aided Test Tool (CATT) is integrated
into the ABAP/ 4 Development Workbench. It
allows you to combine and au tomate businessprocesses as repeatable test p rocedures.
CATT procedu res are u sed for the following tasks:
Autom atic processing of tran sactions and
transaction chains
Checking transaction results
Checking system m essages
Checking da tabase upd ates by performing value
determination and making target/ actualcomparisons
Checking reactions to chan ges in Cu stomizing
settings
Generating data
Client A self-contained u nit in an R/ 3 System with
separate m aster records and its own set of tables.
Customiz ing &
Configuration
In SAP term inology, custom izing is the
implementation of configurations within the
flexibility of the R/ 3 System. It is the basis for every
R/ 3 project, whether it is an introd uction,subsequent project stage, or process change. The
configuration includ es:
R/ 3 Procedure Model, a p rocedural gu ide for
structuring a SAP implementation
R/ 3 Reference Model in the Business Navigator, a
grap hical description of business p rocesses
Implementation Guid e (IMG), men u-led parameter
settings
Project management through u pload and down loadfacilities and to and from Microsoft Project
A m odel compan y (IDES), a fully integrated and
pre-configured system used for training and testing
The custom izing tools also belong to th e Business
Engineering Workbench and are provided a t no
extra charge w ith the R/ 3 System. Add-on
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Glossary
1998 SAP AG, Inc. 15
Term Definit ion
customizing is discussed in theABAP/4 Development
Workbench section.
Deskt op A PC that is used as a workstation is considered to
be Desktop . Ideally, the Desktop has access to allsystems and functions needed for a user to manage
authorized tasks.
Implementat ion This process invo lves switching from an existing
man agement system and bu siness practice and
having R/ 3 run part of, or the entire, business.
Implementat ion
Guide
Also referred to a s the IMG, the guid e is a tool for
configuring the R/ 3 System to meet customer
requiremen ts. For each business app lication, the
implementation guide:
Explains all the steps in the imp lementation process
Tells you the SAP standard (factory) settings
Describes system configuration w ork (activities) and
interactively open s the activities
The IMG are structured a s hyp ertext. The
hierarchical structure reflects the stru cture of the
R/ 3 business app lication compon ents and lists all
the d ocum entation related to implementing R/ 3.
The IMG contains active functions w ith wh ich you
can:
Open customizing tran sactions
Write p roject docum entation
Maintain status information
Supp ort your p roject d ocum entation w ork and the
man agement of your R/ 3 System imp lementation.
Mast er record Data record containing master d ata, that is, data
wh ich remains un changed over a reasonably long
period of time.
A user m aster record in the SAP System includ es
the person's system auth orizations, stand ard
printer, start transactions, and so on.
Menu Menu s are control elements, offering th e u ser a
range of options which, wh en chosen, prom pts the
system to execute an action. One action might be th e
opening of a subord inate pull-dow n men u. The
layout of the menu bar or the p ull-down m enu h as
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Glossary
16 1998 SAP AG, Inc.
Term Definition
been d efined for each R/ 3 System level. Menu
options are selected either with a single mouse click
or by p ositioning the cursor an d by p ressing Enter.
Menu bar A menu bar is the menu on a screen or wind ow. Thebar is located between the title and standa rd
toolbars. When you choose a men u op tion from the
menu bar, you open the correspond ing pu ll-down
menu . You can maintain up to six pu ll-down m enus
in a m enu ba r. The system au tomatically includ es
th e System an d Help menus.
Parameter Field defined with the ABAP/ 4 statement
PARAMETERS.
You can u se param eters to pass values entered on
the selection screen by th e user to the rep ort just
called.
Parameter ID Depend ing up on the d efinition given for a field, it
may be possible to replace the param eter ID by a
value entered by the user.
Parameter V alue If you specify a value for the parameter, this value is
always d efault when the u ser displays the field.
If the u ser enters a new value in the field, the n ew
value is only kept d uring the session. For the values
held in the u ser master r ecord to come into effect
again, save the parameter
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User Defaults
Glossary
1998 SAP AG, Inc. 17
Term Definit ion
Passw ord A password is a user code that comp rises the
following elements that u sers need to logon to the
system:
String of figures
Letters
Special characters that users m ust en ter
A user ID
Push but ton Push buttons, or bu ttons, are graphical control
elements that you click once to execute the functions
linked to them. In the R/ 3 System, you can also start
functions w ith the keyboard . To do this, place the
cursor on the button and press theEnterkey or
Enterbutton. Push bu ttons may contain text orgrap hic symbols.
R/3 Syst em R/ 3 System consists of:
a central instance offering the services DVEBMGS
(dialog, upd ate, enqu eue, background processing,
message, gateway, spool)
opt ional dialog instan ce offer the service D (dialog)
optional PC front end s
Radio but ton The radio bu tton is another grap hical controlelement that allows the u ser to select an item from a
list of fields. If the u ser is allowed to select several
fields at once, checkboxes are used.
Report A report selects data from a d atabase and displays it
in a structured form for analysis. You m ay pr int the
report results or d isplay them on line. The system
also provides the option of saving the selected
report d ata, to review withou t having to re-create it.
SAP st andard menu From the SAP stand ard menu , you can access the
full range of SAP fun ctions.
Screen A screen is, essentially, the p rimary w indow of a
session.
Select This function allows you to select an object for
further p rocessing by p lacing the cursor on the
object and clicking on the object.
Session A session is a wind ow w here the u ser processes a
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User Defaults
Glossary
18 1998 SAP AG, Inc.
Term Definition
certain task. When you log on to the R/ 3 System, it
autom atically op ens the first session, but you can
simultaneously open up to nine sessions. The
nu mber of the current session appear s in the status
bar.
Short Text Describes ABAP/ 4 Dictionary object. Used as an
explanatory text when generating lists and in
documentation (F1-Help)
Syst em parameter A system p arameter is the basic system
configuration required to ensu re smooth
functioning of the software.
Table Data can be arranged in table form. A table consists
of column s (data values of the same typ e) and row s
(data records). Fields identify a record.
Transaction A tran saction is a series of related steps requ ired to
perform a certain task.
Transaction code A sequen ce of four characters represents a SAP
transaction. To call a tran saction in the R/ 3 System,
you can follow an IMG path or enter the tran saction
code in the comman d field. For example, SM31 is
the code for the table maintenance transaction.
User Master Record Master record containing importan t master data for
the R/ 3 system user. Only users who have a user
master r ecord can log on to the system. For
example, a users auth orizations are d efined in the
master record.
Value set A value set specifies one or more perm issible values
for fields
Variables Placeholder u sed to store and add ress data und er a
par ticular nam e in a particular format.
You can distinguish variables by their name, typ e,
length and structure.
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Transaction Variants
Index
Chapter 5: Transaction Variants
Index
A
ABAP/4 13, 14
ABAP/4 Dictionary 18
Application Area 2
Area menu 1, 7
C
CATT option 6
Client 3, 10, 13, 14
Cost Center 3
D
Data Dictionary Domain 1
Date format 6, 11
Decimal notation 6, 12
Default values 1
Delete After Output option 11
Department 3
F
F1 18
F4 3
G
Globals 1
H
Help,Extended 2
I
Implementation Guide 1, 2, 14, 15,
18
L
Language 13
Login language 3, 6, 10, 13
M
Master data 1
Materials Management 12
N
numbers, displayed in R/3 system 12
O
Output device 6, 10, 11
P
Parameter transactions 1
Parameter values 16
Passwords 10, 17
PID 3, 16
Print Controller 6, 11
Print Immediately option 11
R
R/3
3.1 version 13.1G 2
customizing 1, 2, 14, 15
Extended Help 2
fields 1, 2
numbers in 12
personalization 1, 2
report 2, 17
reports 2
SAPGUI 2
session 17
spool system 10, 11
transactions 1, 2
R/3 Report Navigator 2Report Navigator See R/3 Report
Navigator
Reports See R/3
S
Sales screen 8
SAP Shortcut
calling 18
SAP Shortcuts 2
SAPGUI 2
Screen messages 17
Shortcuts See SAP Shortcuts
Start menu 6, 7
T
Test function 13
Transaction code 8.18
Transaction screen 13, 18
Transaction variants 1
U
User Address 3
user defaults 1
User defaults 3, 5, 9
testing 10
8VHU,' 17
user logon 3
User master record 3, 15, 16, 18User menu 1, 3
User parameters 1, 3
V
VA00 traansaction 8, 9
Value 18
Value set 18
Variant transactionsSee transaction
variants
W
Windows Desktop 15