ush chapter 4
TRANSCRIPT
Becoming A World Power.
Chapter Four-1898.
Growing imperialism:
Manifest Destiny and Anglo-Saxonism.
“White man’s burden.” Kipling
Need for international markets.
Alfred Mahan-Sea power.
U.S. became the first non-European
country to become a top tier power.
1898.
Watershed Year.
There are dates in history that signify a
great change.
Why was 1898 a watershed year for the
U.S.A. and the rest of the world?
1776, 1898, 1945, 1968, and 1980 are all
Watershed years. What happened these
years? Imperialism
Expansion In The Pacific.
Com. Matthew Perry ordered to MAKE
Japan trade with the U.S. 1853.
Why did Japan voluntary close off from the
rest of the world?
Annexed Hawaii-1898.
Hawaii was/is the most important naval
base in Pacific!
Building a Modern Navy.
Alfred T. Mahan. Expand or die. America needed new
overseas markets.
America had to have merchant ships for trade.
We also needed a navy to protect these ships and overseas possessions.
“Rimland” theory of being a world power.
What effects did steel hulls and propellers have on international trade? Why?
Cuban Rebellion.
Cuba was one of Spain’s oldest colonies.
Jose Marti was the leader of rebels who wanted to oust Spain.
U.S. and Cuba become linked economically-Sugar.
Spain’s/Cuba’s problems becomes our problem too. Road to War
Yellow Journalism = War!
William Randolph Hearst and John Pulitzer were fierce newspaper competitors.
Papers made up a lot of whoppers about events in Cuba in order to sell papers.
Photographer sent to Cuba found little going on their. “You send me the pictures, I’ll supply the story!”
U.S.S. Maine Blows Up In
Havana Harbor.
Of the 354 sailors, 266 were killed in the
blast.
Because of “Yellow” journalism, many
Americans believed that Spain had
planted a mine.
Years later, it was determined that it was
an accident. Oh well….
Jingoism: Aggressive
Nationalism.
1898 war is declared on Spain.
McKinley is forced by public opinion and
Cuban investors to ask Congress for war.
Spain’s navy is very old and out dated.
U.S. has the brand new Great White
Fleet.
Where The Battles Took
Place.
Cuba was invaded by a mostly amateur
and voluntary American army.
The Spanish though were not motivated
to fight.
Teddy Roosevelt became famous for
taking San Juan Hill in Cuba. “The
Rough Riders.” No horses?
Philippines. Com. George Dewey Hunts down the
Spanish fleet in the Pacific and then sinks it.
The war ends with the U.S. getting control of: Cuba, Guam, and the Philippines. They are annexed.
With the addition of Hawaii, the U.S. is now the major Pacific power. Spanish-American War
Causes of American
Imperialism. Nationalism.
By the end of the 19th century the U.S. had conquered the West
Manifest Destiny had been realized.
Many Americans felt the U.S. should still expand.
By 1898 many Americans were supporting the idea of Anglo-Saxonism.
Anglo-Saxonism and
Nationalism.
American imperialists argued/defended imperialism with Social Darwinism.
International competition. Only the strongest would survive.
A nation with a superior military and economy had a right to conquer weaker nations. Might make right!
More Causes of Imperialism.
No Notes.
Humanitarian/Religious:
American missionaries linked missionary
work to Anglo-Saxonism
Missionaries went to foreign nations and
set up schools and hospitals
The earliest forms of American influence
in these countries were often
missionaries
Boxer Rebellion-1900. Chinese people tried to kick out the
foreigners by force.
They resented the economic exploitation and
Christian missionaries.
They also resented the British OPIUM trade!
Chinese forced to allow the drug.
The occupiers put down the rebellion.
Open Door policy was continued.
Roosevelt Corollary-1904.
The U.S. would intervene when
necessary to maintain stability in the
Caribbean, Central, and South America.
This was a solid confirmation of the
Monroe Doctrine.
Taft and Dollar Diplomacy.
Growing U.S. Presence in the
Caribbean.
“Speak softy, but carry a big stick.”Teddy Roosevelt.
U.S. instigated a revolt in Columbia in
order to create the country of Panama.
The canal could now be build.
A short cut of 8,000 nautical miles!
Panama Canal. U.S. needed to connect its two ocean
naval fleets more quickly.
This also allowed the U.S. to have a
smaller naval fleet. Why?
It also cut commercial shipping times
and costs.
A new/second canal is being built right
now. Why? Building Panama Canal
Canal Locks Time Lapse. Locks
.
Latin American Interventions.
The foreign policy of the
MONROE DOCTRINE and then
the ROOSVELT COROLLARY
lead to:
Military,
Political,
Economic,
interventions in Latin America.